A wind power blade buckling-torsion composite test system

Abstract

The application discloses a wind power blade buckling and torsion composite test system, which comprises a floor and a torsion driving device, a horizontal loading device, a swing arm device, a buckling loading device and a blade clamping device arranged on the floor. The torsion driving device and the horizontal loading device are arranged at two ends of the floor respectively, and the torsion driving device and the horizontal loading device are both hinged with the swing arm device. The buckling loading device is connected with the two swing arm devices simultaneously, and the two swing arm devices are both connected with the blade clamping device. The two blade clamping devices are oppositely arranged and clamp two ends of a blade rear edge slice. The system realizes multiple tests, and compared with a torsion testing machine and a buckling testing machine used separately in the past, the system has the advantages of novel and simple structure, convenient sample installation, low cost, realization of buckling and torsion double force coupling loading, and optional single mechanical test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power equipment, and in particular to a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of low-carbon and environmental protection, the long-term development goals of clean energy are clear. Among these goals, wind power, a renewable energy source with enormous resource potential and relatively mature technology, is receiving increasing attention. Therefore, wind power will undoubtedly be a long-term development theme with rapid growth potential. Furthermore, compared to onshore wind power, offshore wind power has advantages such as higher power generation, abundant resources, and longer turbine lifespan, making it a key area for new energy development.

[0003] The design of offshore wind turbines requires larger scale, which necessitates the design of larger wind turbine blades. In actual use, these blades are subjected to both buckling and torsional forces, thus necessitating buckling and torsional mechanical tests. However, existing testing equipment only tests the buckling and torsional forces of wind turbine blades individually. How to conduct coupled buckling and torsional force tests is a technical challenge that needs to be addressed in this field.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a combined buckling and torsion load test system for wind turbine blades is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, enabling separate static buckling tests, separate dynamic buckling tests, static torsion tests, dynamic torsion tests, coupled static and dynamic buckling tests, and coupled dynamic and dynamic buckling tests for the trailing edge of wind turbine blades.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, comprising a floor and a torsion drive device, a horizontal loading device, a swing arm device, a buckling loading device, and a blade clamping device disposed on the floor. The torsion drive device and the horizontal loading device are respectively disposed at both ends of the floor, and both the torsion drive device and the horizontal loading device are hinged to the swing arm device. The buckling loading device connects to two swing arm devices simultaneously, and each of the two swing arm devices is connected to the blade clamping device. The two blade clamping devices are disposed opposite to each other and clamp the two ends of the trailing edge slice of the blade. The torsion drive device is used to drive one of the swing arm devices to twist around a horizontal transverse axis, the horizontal loading device is used to drive the other swing arm device to move horizontally laterally, and the buckling loading device is used to drive the front ends of the two swing arm devices to move closer to each other.

[0007] Preferably, the upper surface of the floor is provided with a plurality of inverted T-shaped grooves extending laterally, the plurality of inverted T-shaped grooves being arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction, and the torsion drive device, the horizontal loading device and the buckling loading device being connected to the inverted T-shaped grooves by bolts and T-nuts.

[0008] Preferably, the torsion drive device includes a torsion servo motor, a torsion reducer, and a torsion output shaft. The output end of the torsion servo motor is connected to the input end of the torsion reducer, the output end of the torsion reducer is connected to one end of the torsion output shaft, and the other end of the torsion output shaft is hinged to the middle of the swing arm device.

[0009] Preferably, the horizontal loading device includes a horizontal servo motor, a horizontal reducer, a ball screw, a linear guide, a horizontal loading seat, and a torque input shaft. The output end of the horizontal servo motor is connected to the input end of the horizontal reducer, the output end of the horizontal reducer is connected to one end of the ball screw, the nut of the ball screw is connected to the horizontal loading seat, the inner end of the horizontal loading seat is connected to one end of the torque input shaft, the other end of the torque input shaft is hinged to the middle of another swing arm device, and a torque force sensor and a torque sensor assembly are provided on the horizontal loading seat.

[0010] Preferably, the swing arm device includes a longitudinally arranged welding assembly, with a pressure plate connected to the upper end of the welding assembly and a support plate connected to the lower end of the welding assembly. The pressure plate and the support plate clamp the blade clamping device. A vertical swing arm pivot is provided in the middle of the welding assembly, and the torsion output shaft and the torque input shaft are respectively hinged to the two swing arm pivots at both ends.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure plate is connected to the upper surface of the blade clamping device by clamping screws, and an adjusting pad is provided on the support plate, the adjusting pad being close to the lower surface of the blade clamping device.

[0012] Preferably, the buckling loading device includes a cylinder fixing seat, a hinge seat, a loading cylinder, a flexible rope connecting seat, a roller mechanism, a steel wire rope, and a ball joint fixing seat. The cylinder fixing seat is installed on the floor. One end of the loading cylinder is connected to the cylinder fixing seat through the hinge seat, and the other end of the loading cylinder is connected to the flexible rope connecting seat. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the flexible rope connecting seat, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes around the roller mechanism and connects to the ball joint fixing seat. The roller mechanism is hinged to the front end of one of the swing arm devices, and the ball joint fixing seat is hinged to the front end of the other swing arm device. The line connecting the roller mechanism and the ball joint fixing seat is arranged horizontally. A buckling force sensor is provided on the flexible rope connecting seat.

[0013] Preferably, the roller mechanism includes a roller fixing seat, a roller bracket, and a V-shaped roller. The roller fixing seat is connected to the front end of the swing arm device. One end of the roller bracket is hinged to the roller fixing seat with the hinge axis arranged horizontally and longitudinally. The other end of the roller bracket is hinged to the middle of the V-shaped roller with the hinge axis arranged vertically.

[0014] Preferably, the blade clamping device includes a wooden mold structure arranged vertically, wherein the wooden mold structure is provided with a groove matching the shape of both ends of the trailing edge slice of the blade, a wooden mold pressure plate is provided on the wooden mold structure and locked by wooden mold bolts, and a lifting ring is provided on the wooden mold pressure plate.

[0015] Preferably, an adjustable pad is provided under the floor.

[0016] This invention provides a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, including a floor and a torsion drive device, a horizontal loading device, a swing arm device, a buckling loading device, and a blade clamping device disposed on the floor. The torsion drive device and the horizontal loading device are respectively disposed at both ends of the floor, and both the torsion drive device and the horizontal loading device are hinged to the swing arm device. The buckling loading device is connected to two swing arm devices at the same time. Both swing arm devices are connected to the blade clamping device. The two blade clamping devices are disposed opposite to each other and clamp the two ends of the trailing edge slice of the blade. The torsion drive device is used to drive one swing arm device to twist around a horizontal transverse axis, the horizontal loading device is used to drive the other swing arm device to move horizontally laterally, and the buckling loading device is used to drive the front ends of the two swing arm devices to move closer to each other.

[0017] This system enables independent static buckling tests, independent dynamic buckling tests, static torsion tests, dynamic torsion tests, and coupled buckling and torsion tests on the trailing edge of wind turbine blades. Compared with the previous separate use of torsion testing machines and buckling testing machines, it has the advantages of novel and simple structure, convenient sample installation, low cost, ability to achieve coupled buckling and torsion loading, and selection of single mechanical tests. At the same time, the system can adapt to blades of different lengths and cross-sections, filling the gap in the coupled buckling and torsion loading tests of wind turbine blades. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion drive device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3This is a front view schematic diagram of the torsion drive device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal loading device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the horizontal loading device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the horizontal loading device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the swing arm device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the swing arm device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the swing arm device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the buckling loading device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of the buckling loading device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the roller mechanism in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the blade clamping device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 14 This is a side view of the blade clamping device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the blade clamping device in a specific embodiment of the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided by the present invention.

[0033] Among them, the floor 10, the torsion drive device 20, the horizontal loading device 30, the swing arm device 40, the buckling loading device 50, the blade clamping device 60, and the blade trailing edge slice 70 are all included.

[0034] Torsional servo motor 201, torsional reducer 202, torsional coupling 203, double-row tapered roller bearing 204, torsional output shaft 205, torsional drive bearing housing 206, torsional reducer connecting base plate 207, torsional bearing end cover 208, torsional lock nut 209.

[0035] Horizontal servo motor 301, horizontal reducer 302, reducer adapter flange 303, first bearing housing 304, horizontal locking nut 305, horizontal bushing 306, first bearing end cover 307, first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308, first horizontal loading seat 309, roller screw 310, guide rail slider 311, linear guide rail 312, torque force sensor 313, first sensor connecting seat 314, second horizontal loading seat 315, torque sensor assembly 316, torque bearing end cover 317, third horizontal loading seat 318, first deep groove ball bearing 319, torque input shaft 320, second bearing housing 321, second deep groove ball bearing 322, shaft end baffle 323.

[0036] Left swing arm welding assembly 401, right swing arm welding assembly 402, support plate 403, adjusting pad 404, clamping screw 405, first nut 406, pressure plate 407, positioning screw 408, locking screw 409, T-nut 410, swing arm pivot 411.

[0037] Hydraulic cylinder mounting base 501, double U-shaped corner seat 502, single U-shaped corner seat 503, loading hydraulic cylinder 504, bending force sensor 505, soft rope connecting seat 506, roller mechanism 507, wire rope 508, ball joint mounting base 509, V-shaped roller 507-1, roller bracket 507-02, roller mounting base 507-03, second double-row angular contact ball bearing 507-04, shaft end retaining ring 507-05, roller bearing end cover 507-06, elastic retaining ring 507-07, third deep groove ball bearing 507-08, first bushing 507-09, roller shaft 507-10, second bushing 507-11.

[0038] 601 lifting ring, 602 wooden mold pressure plate, 603 wooden mold, 604 second nut, 605 spring washer, 606 flat washer, 607 hex bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The core of this invention is to provide a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, which enables separate static buckling test, separate dynamic buckling test, static torsion test, dynamic torsion test, coupled static buckling and torsion test, and coupled dynamic torsion test of the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade.

[0040] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] This invention provides a combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, including a floor 10 and a torsion drive device 20, a horizontal loading device 30, a swing arm device 40, a buckling loading device 50, and a blade clamping device 60 disposed on the floor 10. The torsion drive device 20 and the horizontal loading device 30 are respectively disposed at the two transverse ends of the floor 10, and both the torsion drive device 20 and the horizontal loading device 30 are hinged to the swing arm device 40. The buckling loading device 50 is disposed at the front of the floor 10 and is simultaneously connected to two swing arm devices 40. Furthermore, each of the two swing arm devices 40 is connected to a blade clamping device 60, which clamps the end of the trailing edge slice 70 of the blade. The two blade clamping devices 60 are positioned opposite each other and clamp the two ends of the trailing edge slice 70 of the blade. During the testing process, the torsion drive device 20 drives one swing arm device 40 to twist around a horizontal transverse axis, providing X-axis torque to the trailing edge slice 70 of the blade. The horizontal loading device 30 drives the other swing arm device 40 to move horizontally laterally. The horizontal loading device 30 measures the torque value provided by the torsion drive device 20 and simultaneously provides X-axis horizontal thrust, which presses the two ends of the trailing edge slice 70 against the sides of the swing arm device 40. The torsion drive device 20 and the horizontal loading device 30 work together to achieve the torsion test of the trailing edge slice 70. The buckling loading device 50 drives the front ends of the two swing arm devices 40 to move closer together, applying a buckling moment to the two ends of the trailing edge slice 70. The torsion drive device 20, the horizontal loading device 30, and the buckling loading device 50 operate simultaneously, enabling the device to perform a coupled torsion and buckling test.

[0042] This system can perform static buckling tests, dynamic buckling force tests, static torsional tests, dynamic torsional tests, and coupled static and dynamic buckling and torsional force tests on the trailing edge of wind turbine blades. During testing, strain gauges on the blade can collect and measure strain values ​​under stress. Sensors on the horizontal loading device can collect and measure torque and end-face horizontal pressure values. Sensors connected to the actuator can collect and measure force and bending moment values ​​during blade buckling. Compared with the previous separate use of torsion and buckling testing machines, this system has the advantages of novel and simple structure, convenient sample installation, low cost, ability to achieve coupled buckling and torsional loading, and the ability to select single mechanical tests. Furthermore, this system can adapt to blades of different lengths and cross-sectional shapes, filling the gap in coupled buckling and torsional loading tests for wind turbine blades.

[0043] In the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided in this specific embodiment of the invention, to ensure stable installation of each device, the upper surface of the floor 10 is provided with multiple inverted T-shaped grooves extending laterally. These grooves are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction. The torsion drive device 20, the horizontal loading device 30, and the buckling loading device 50 are connected to the inverted T-shaped grooves via bolts and T-nuts. Each device can be horizontally adjusted along the T-shaped grooves. Connecting holes are provided on the connecting seats of each device, allowing bolts to pass through these holes and connect to the T-shaped grooves. Furthermore, adjustable shims are provided under the floor 10 to adjust its state and maintain a horizontal upper surface.

[0044] The torsion drive device 20 includes a torsion servo motor 201, a torsion reducer 202, and a torsion output shaft 205. The output end of the torsion servo motor 201 is connected to the input end of the torsion reducer 202, and the output end of the torsion reducer 202 is connected to one end of the torsion output shaft 205. The other end of the torsion output shaft 205 is hinged to the middle of a swing arm device 40. Specifically, the torsion drive device 20 also includes a torsion coupling 203, a double-row tapered roller bearing 204, a torsion drive bearing housing 206, a torsion reducer connecting base plate 207, a torsion bearing end cover 208, and a torsion lock nut 209. The torsion reducer connecting base plate 207 is mounted on the floor 10 and is connected to the torsion output shaft 205 through the torsion coupling 203. The torsion drive bearing housing 206 is mounted on the floor 10, supporting the torsion output shaft 205 through the double-row tapered roller bearing 204, and is equipped with a torsion bearing end cover 208 and a torsion lock nut 209.

[0045] Specifically, the torsional servo motor 201 has an output shaft with a keyway. This output shaft mates with the input hole of the torsional reducer 202, transmitting torque via a keyed connection. The torsional servo motor 201 has a square connecting flange along its axial direction, with through holes evenly distributed around its perimeter and a circular protruding stop at its center. The torsional servo motor 201 is connected to the input flange stop of the first-stage reducer of the torsional reducer 202 via the square flange and its stop, and is secured with screws. The torsional reducer 202 has a rectangular overall structure with multiple evenly distributed smooth holes on its bottom surface. The bottom surface of the torsional reducer 202 is connected to the upper surface of the torsional reducer connecting base plate 207. The torsional reducer 202 has a four-stage reduction structure; the first stage is a worm gear type, and the second to fourth stages are gear reduction structures. The maximum reduction ratio of this reducer can reach 1:6000. The reducer has a hole input and shaft output structure. The hole input end is connected to the torsion servo motor 201, and the shaft output end is connected to the inner hole and key of the torsion coupling 203. The torque of the torsion servo motor 201 is amplified by the torsion reducer 202, and the rotation speed is reduced.

[0046] The torsion coupling 203 has cylindrical components at both ends, with a flexible component connecting the two cylinders in the middle. Both cylinders are circular with keyways in their inner bores for torque transmission. The inner bore of one cylinder mates with the extended shaft of the torsion reducer 202, while the inner bore of the other cylinder mates with the keyway-featured shaft diameter of the torsion output shaft 205. The torsion coupling 203 transmits the torque of the torsion servo motor 201 to the torsion output shaft 205. The torsion output shaft 205 is a stepped shaft with four shoulders, the first having the smallest diameter, and the diameters increasing sequentially. The first shaft diameter is a round shaft with a keyway on its surface, which mates with the inner bore of the cylindrical body of the flat key and torsion coupling 203. The second shaft diameter has threads that mate with the threads of the torsion lock nut 209. The third shaft diameter is a smooth shaft that mates with the inner diameter of the inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204. The fourth shaft diameter is a smooth shaft with symmetrical cutting planes and a through hole perpendicular to the plane. This through hole mates with the outer diameter of the swing arm shaft 411.

[0047] The torsion drive bearing housing 206 is shaped like an inverted T-shaped plate, with multiple through holes on its rectangular bottom surface. The lower surface of the torsion drive bearing housing 206 mates with the upper surface of the base plate 10, and it is connected to the threaded holes on the upper surface of the base plate by screws. The upper side of the torsion drive bearing housing 206 has a shoulder through hole, which mates with the outer diameter surface of the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204. Threaded holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the shoulder hole, and these threaded holes mate with evenly distributed smooth holes around the circumference of the torsion bearing end cap 208. A square through hole is located below the shoulder hole.

[0048] The torsional reducer connecting base plate 207 is rectangular with multiple threaded holes and through holes around its perimeter. Its upper surface mates with the bottom surface of the torsional reducer 202. The threaded holes of the torsional reducer connecting base plate 207 mate with the mounting holes on the bottom surface of the torsional reducer 202. The bottom surface of the reducer connecting base plate 207 mates with the upper surface of the floor 201. The torsional bearing end cover 208 is a double-shoulder cylinder with a through hole at the center of its end face. Through holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the end face of the large shoulder of the torsional bearing end cover 208. Its shoulder surface mates with the shoulder of the torsional drive bearing housing 206 through the side of the torsional bearing end cover 208. The outer diameter of the small shoulder of the torsional bearing end cover 208 mates with the inner diameter of the through hole in the shoulder of the torsional drive bearing housing 206. The end face of the small shoulder of the torsional bearing end cover 208 mates with the end face of the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204. The function of the torsional bearing end cover 208 is to press against the end face of the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204. The torsion lock nut 209 is circular in shape with a fine-pitch thread in the middle, which mates with the thread of the torque output shaft 205. The end face of the torsion lock nut mates with the end face of the inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204, and its function is to press the tapered rollers of the double-row tapered roller bearing 204.

[0049] In the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal loading device 30 includes a horizontal servo motor 301, a horizontal reducer 302, a ball screw 310, a linear guide rail 312, a horizontal loading seat, and a torque input shaft 320. The output end of the horizontal servo motor 301 is connected to the input end of the horizontal reducer 302, and the output end of the horizontal reducer 302 is connected to one end of the ball screw 310. The nut of the ball screw 310 is connected to the horizontal loading seat, and the inner end of the horizontal loading seat is connected to one end of the torque input shaft 320. The other end of the torque input shaft 320 is hinged to the middle of another swing arm device 40, and a torque force sensor 313 and a torque sensor assembly 316 are provided on the horizontal loading seat.

[0050] The horizontal servo motor 301 is connected to the input end of the horizontal reducer 302. The output end of the horizontal reducer 302 is connected to the reducer adapter flange 303, the flat key, and one end of the roller screw 310. The other end face of the reducer adapter flange 303 is connected to the side of the first bearing seat 304. The internal thread of the horizontal locking nut 305 is connected to the thread on the shaft end of the roller screw 310. The side of the horizontal locking nut 305 is connected to the end face of the horizontal bushing 306. The inner hole of the horizontal bushing 306 is connected to the third shaft diameter of the roller screw 310. The second end face of the horizontal bushing 306 mates with the first end face of the inner ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308. The second end face of the first bearing end cover 307 mates with the first end face of the outer ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308. The inner diameter of the inner ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308 mates with the third shaft diameter of the roller screw 310. The outer diameter of the outer ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308 mates with the middle hole diameter of the first bearing seat 304. The bottom surface of the first horizontal loading seat 309 mates with the upper surface of the floor 10. The nut of the roller screw 310 mates with the middle hole of the first horizontal loading seat 309. The right end of the screw mates with the inner hole of the second deep groove ball bearing 322. The guide rail slider 311 mates with the linear guide rail 312. The guide rail slider 311 mates with the lower surface of the first horizontal loading seat 309, the first sensor connecting seat 314, and the second horizontal loading seat 315. Linear guide rail 312 is connected to the upper surface of floor 10. Torque sensor 313 is connected to first horizontal loading seat 309 and first sensor connecting seat 314; first sensor connecting seat 314 is connected to second horizontal loading seat 315; second horizontal loading seat 315 is connected to torque sensor assembly 316; torque sensor assembly 316 is also connected to first deep groove ball bearing 319 and torque input shaft 320; torque bearing end cover 317 is connected to third horizontal loading seat 318 and first deep groove ball bearing 319; third horizontal loading seat 318, first deep groove ball bearing 319, and torque input shaft 320 are all connected to swing arm shaft 411; second bearing seat 321 is connected to floor 10 and second deep groove ball bearing 322; shaft end baffle 323 is connected to the right end face of roller screw 310 and the end face of second deep groove ball bearing 322.

[0051] The mechanism, driven by the horizontal servo motor 301, causes the torque input shaft 320 to move horizontally along the linear guide rail 312. The inner hole of the torque input shaft 320 is connected to the outer diameter of the swing arm shaft 411. It also engages with the square hole in the middle of the swing arm welding assembly, thus enabling the horizontal loading device 30 to support and push the swing arm device 40. The horizontal loading device 30 includes a horizontal force sensor 313, which measures the horizontal loading force. The horizontal loading device 30 also includes a torque sensor group 316, which measures the torque applied to the blades by the torsion drive device 20.

[0052] The horizontal servo motor 301 has an output shaft that mates with the input end of the horizontal reducer 302 via the input hole of the connection 202. The torsional servo motor 201 has a square connecting flange along its axial direction, with through holes evenly distributed around the flange and a circular outer stop at its center. The horizontal servo motor 301 is connected to the input flange stop of the horizontal reducer 302 via the square flange and its stop, and is fastened with screws. The input and output ends of the horizontal reducer 302 have connecting flanges with a circular stop in the center. The flange and stop mate with the horizontal servo motor 301 and the reducer adapter flange 303, respectively, and are connected with screws. The input end of the horizontal reducer 302 has an inner hole, and the output end has an outer circular stop. The inner hole mates with the outer output shaft of the horizontal servo motor 301 and the left end shaft diameter of the ball screw 310, respectively. The reducer adapter flange 303 is rectangular in shape, with square flange faces at both ends. One flange face has a shoulder inner hole at its center, and the other flange face has an outer circular stop at its center. The inner bore of the center shoulder of the flange face mates with the protruding circular stop at the output end of the horizontal reducer 302. The outer stop at the center of the other flange face of the reducer adapter flange 303 mates with the center bore of the first bearing housing 304.

[0053] The first bearing housing 304 is shaped like an inverted T-shaped plate, with multiple through holes on its rectangular bottom surface. The lower surface of the first bearing housing 304 mates with the upper surface of the base plate 10, and it is connected to the threaded holes on the upper surface of the base plate by screws. The upper side of the first bearing housing 304 has three shoulder through holes. The first shoulder hole mates with the outer stop of the speed reducer transition flange 303, the second shoulder hole mates with the circular flange face of the first bearing end cover 307, and the third shoulder hole mates with the circular stop of the first bearing end cover 307 and the outer ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308. The first horizontal loading seat 309 is assembled and welded from a vertical plate, a base plate, and ribs. The two base plates are parallel and horizontally arranged, with an inverted T-shape on the side. The middle vertical plate has two through holes, one above the other. The lower through hole has threaded holes evenly distributed around its circumference, and the upper through hole has threaded holes evenly distributed around its circumference.

[0054] The roller screw 310 consists of two parts: a screw and a nut, arranged horizontally. The nut engages with the threaded portion of the screw and can move horizontally as the screw rotates. The left end of the screw has three stepped cylindrical shafts. The outer diameter of the first cylindrical shaft at the left end engages with the inner hole of the output shaft of the horizontal reducer 303; the outer diameter of the second cylindrical shaft at the left end has external threads, which engage with the internal threads of the horizontal locking nut 305; and the outer diameter of the third cylindrical shaft at the left end engages with the inner hole of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 308. The right end of the screw has a stepped cylindrical shaft that engages with the inner hole of the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 322. The rolling elements of the nut in the roller screw 310 are rollers, unlike balls, which can bear greater loads. The nut of the roller screw 310 engages with a through hole on the first horizontal loading seat 309 and is connected to the circumferentially distributed threaded holes on the first horizontal loading seat 309 by screws.

[0055] The guide rail slider 311 consists of a slider body, rolling elements, a cage, and a dust cover. The slider body is rectangular in shape, and its upper surface has multiple through holes. The rolling elements inside the slider are balls or rollers. There are 10 guide rail sliders 311, which are respectively installed on the linear guide rail 312 and can slide horizontally along the linear guide rail. The upper surfaces of the first to fourth guide rail sliders 311 are connected to the bottom surface of the first horizontal loading seat 309; the upper surfaces of the fifth to eighth guide rail sliders 311 are connected to the bottom surface of the second horizontal loading seat 315; and the upper surfaces of the ninth and tenth guide rail sliders 311 are connected to the bottom surface of the third horizontal loading seat 318. The linear guide rail 312 is a cuboid with multiple evenly distributed countersunk holes on its upper surface. There are two of these guide rails, arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. The lower surface of the guide rail is connected to the upper surface of the floor 10. Five guide rail sliders 311 are connected to each linear guide rail 312.

[0056] The torque sensor 313 is cylindrical, with a threaded through hole at the center of its end face and countersunk through holes evenly distributed around its perimeter. The threaded through hole at the center of the torque sensor 313 mates with the externally threaded shaft on the first sensor connector 314. The left circular end face of the torque sensor 313 mates with the right side of the first horizontal loading seat 309 and is coaxial with the through hole thereon. The countersunk through holes evenly distributed around the end face of the torque sensor 313 mate with the threaded holes evenly distributed around the circumference of the through hole on the first horizontal loading seat 309 and are connected by screws. The torque sensor 313 can measure the tensile or compressive force applied to it. The first sensor connector 314 is a cylinder with an externally threaded rod, and through holes evenly distributed around the circumference of its end face. A circular boss is located at the center of the end face. The threaded portion of the externally threaded rod of the first sensor connector 314 mates with the internally threaded hole at the center of the torque sensor 313. The cylindrical end face of the first sensor connector 314 mates with the side of the second horizontal loading seat 315 and is coaxial with the through hole at its center. The cylindrical end face of the first sensor connector 314 has evenly distributed through holes that mate with the threaded holes evenly distributed around the center of the side face of the second horizontal loading seat 315, and are connected by screws. The structure of the second horizontal loading seat 315 is similar to that of the first horizontal loading seat 309. The bottom surface of the second horizontal loading seat 315 mates with the upper surface of the guide rail slider 311, and the multiple through holes on the bottom surface of the second horizontal loading seat 315 mate with the threaded holes on the upper surface of the guide rail slider 311, and are fastened by screws. The two sides of the upright plate of the second horizontal loading seat 315 mate with the end faces of the first sensor connector 314 and the torque sensor assembly 316, respectively, and are fastened by screws.

[0057] The torque sensor assembly 316 consists of a flange seat, a cylinder, a flat key, strain gauges, etc. It measures the axial torque acting on the flange surface. Both ends of the torque sensor assembly 316 are circular flange faces with evenly distributed holes around the circumference of the flange edges, and a circular boss at the center of the flange end face. The circular flange face of the left end face of the torque sensor assembly 316 mates with the side of the second horizontal loading seat 315, and the right end face coaxially mates with the circular flange end face of the torque input shaft 320. The torque bearing end cover 317 is a double-shoulder cylinder with a through hole at the center of its end face. The end face of the large shoulder portion of the torque bearing end cover 317 has evenly distributed through holes around its circumference. Its second end face mates with the side of the third horizontal loading seat 318, the outer diameter of the second cylinder mates with the inner diameter of the through hole at the center of the side of the vertical plate of the third horizontal loading seat 318, and its third end face mates with the outer ring end face of the first deep groove ball bearing 319.

[0058] The third horizontal loading seat 318 has a Z-shaped side profile with three shoulder holes at the center and a threaded through hole on the bottom. The bottom surface of the third horizontal loading seat 318 mates with the upper surface of the guide rail slider 311. The inner holes of the first and third shoulders at the center of the side profile mate with the outer diameter of the outer ring of the first deep groove ball bearing 319. The left end of the torque input shaft 320 is a circular flange with threaded holes evenly distributed around its circumference. The right end is a square shaft with a through hole perpendicular to the upper surface. The circular flange end face of the torque input shaft 320 mates with the right flange face of the torque sensor assembly 316, and the threaded holes evenly distributed around its circumference mate with the evenly distributed holes around the right flange face of the torque sensor assembly 316. It is connected to the torque sensor assembly 316 by screws. The second bearing seat 321 is an inverted T-shape with a through hole in the middle of its side profile. It has symmetrically arranged through holes on both sides of its bottom surface. The bottom surface of the second bearing seat 321 mates with the upper surface of the floor 10. The through hole at the middle position of the side surface is fitted with the outer diameter of the outer ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 322.

[0059] In the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided in this invention, the swing arm device 40 includes longitudinally arranged welding components. The swing arm device 40 is symmetrically arranged, with the left swing arm welding component 401 and the right swing arm welding component 402 arranged laterally on both sides. A pressure plate 407 is connected to the upper end of the welding component, and a support plate 403 is connected to the lower end of the welding component. The pressure plate 407 and the support plate 403 clamp the blade clamping device 60. A vertical swing arm rotating shaft 411 is provided in the middle of the welding component. The torsion output shaft 205 and the torque input shaft 320 are respectively hinged to the two swing arm rotating shafts 411 at both ends. The pressure plate 407 is connected to the upper surface of the blade clamping device 60 by clamping screws 405. An adjusting shim 404 is provided on the support plate 403, and the adjusting shim 404 is close to the lower surface of the blade clamping device 60.

[0060] The left swing arm welding assembly 401 and the right swing arm welding assembly 402 are symmetrically structured. Each swing arm welding assembly has four equally spaced welding strips. Each welding strip has a threaded hole on its upper surface and an arc-shaped T-slot coaxial with the threaded hole. A square through-hole is located in the middle of the side of the swing arm welding assembly, and a circular through-hole is located on the upper intermediate welding plate. The front face of the swing arm welding assembly has a smooth hole and threaded holes evenly distributed around its circumference. The rear face of the swing arm welding assembly has a rectangular welding plate, one side of which protrudes from the side of the square steel. The bottom surface of the swing arm welding assembly has multiple equally spaced welding strips, and the lower surface of each welding strip has threaded holes. The upper surface of the square inner hole in the middle of the left swing arm welding assembly 401 mates with the upper surface of the torque input shaft 320; the upper surface of the square inner hole in the middle of the right swing arm welding assembly 402 mates with the upper surface of the torsion output shaft 205; the circular through holes on the upper surfaces of the left and right swing arm welding assemblies 401 and 402 mate with the shaft diameter of the swing arm rotating shaft 411. The front end faces of the left and right swing arm welding assemblies 401 and 402 mate with the flange faces of the roller mechanism 507 and the ball joint fixing seat 509; the circular holes and circumferentially distributed threaded holes on the front end faces of the left and right swing arm welding assemblies 401 and 402 respectively mate with the circular bosses and circumferentially distributed threaded holes on the flange faces of the roller mechanism 507 and the ball joint fixing seat 509, and are connected and fastened with screws. The protruding welded steel plates at the rear ends of the left swing arm welding assembly 401 and the right swing arm welding assembly 402 mate with the end faces of the blade clamping device; the arc-shaped T-slots on the left swing arm welding assembly 401 and the right swing arm welding assembly 402 mate with the T-nuts 410; the lower surfaces of the left swing arm welding assembly 401 and the right swing arm welding assembly 402 mate with the support plate 403, and the threaded holes on the lower surfaces of the left swing arm welding assembly 401 and the right swing arm welding assembly 402 mate with the smooth holes on the support plate 403, and are connected and fastened by screws.

[0061] Specifically, the adjusting shim 404 is a rectangular plate, mounted on the upper surface of the support plate 403, used to adjust the assembly height of blades of different thicknesses. The clamping screw 405 is a hexagonal socket head cap screw with a spherical end face. The threaded portion of the clamping screw 405 engages with the internal threaded hole on the pressure plate 407 and the internal threaded hole of the first nut 406. The ball head of the clamping screw 405 engages with the upper surface of the blade clamping device 60. By adjusting the engagement length between the clamping screw 405 and the internal threaded hole on the pressure plate 407, blades of different thicknesses can be locked. The pressure plate 407 is a rectangular plate with a threaded through hole and two smooth holes. The threaded through hole is located on the left side of the upper surface of the pressure plate 407, the first smooth hole is located in the middle of the upper surface, and the second smooth hole is located on the right side of the upper surface of the pressure plate 407. The second smooth hole of the pressure plate 407 engages with the shaft diameter of the positioning screw 408, and the third smooth hole of the pressure plate 407 engages with the locking screw 409. The pressure plate 407 can rotate around the positioning screw 408 to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the blade clamping device.

[0062] In the wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the buckling loading device 50 includes a cylinder fixing seat 501, a hinge seat, a loading cylinder 504, a soft rope connecting seat 506, a roller mechanism 507, a steel wire rope 508, and a ball joint fixing seat 509. The cylinder fixing seat 501 is installed on the floor 10. One end of the loading cylinder 504 is connected to the cylinder fixing seat 501 through the hinge seat, and the other end of the loading cylinder 504 is connected to the soft rope connecting seat 506. One end of the steel wire rope 508 is connected to the soft rope connecting seat 506, and the other end of the steel wire rope 508 passes around the roller mechanism 507 and connects to the ball joint fixing seat 509. The roller mechanism 507 is hinged to the front end of a swing arm device 40, and the ball joint fixing seat 509 is hinged to the front end of another swing arm device 40. The line connecting the roller mechanism 507 and the ball joint fixing seat 509 is arranged horizontally. A buckling force sensor 505 is provided on the soft rope connecting seat 506. Furthermore, the roller mechanism 507 includes a roller fixing seat 507-03, a roller bracket 507-02, and a V-shaped roller 507-01. It also includes a second double-row angular contact ball bearing 507-04, a shaft end retaining ring 507-05, a roller bearing end cover 507-06, an elastic retaining ring 507-07, a third deep groove ball bearing 507-08, a first bushing 507-09, a roller shaft 507-10, and a second bushing 507-11. The roller fixing seat 507-03 is connected to the front end of a swing arm device 40. One end of the roller bracket 507-02 is hinged to the roller fixing seat 507-03, with the hinge axis arranged horizontally and longitudinally. The other end of the roller bracket 507-02 is hinged to the middle of the V-shaped roller 507-01, with the hinge axis arranged vertically.

[0063] Specifically, the bottom surface of the cylinder mounting base 501 of the device has multiple through holes. The bottom surface of the cylinder mounting base 501 mates with the upper surface of the floor 10 and is connected to the T-slot of the iron base plate by screws and T-nuts. The bottom surface of the roller mounting base 507-03 in the roller mechanism 507 of the buckling loading device 50 mates with the front end face of the left swing arm welding assembly 401. The bottom surface of the roller mounting base 507-03 has circumferentially distributed holes, which mate with the circumferentially distributed threaded holes on the front end face of the left swing arm welding assembly 401 and are fastened by screws. The bottom surface of the circular flange of the ball joint mounting base 509 mates with the front end face of the right swing arm welding assembly 402. The bottom surface of the ball joint mounting base 509 has circumferentially distributed holes, which mate with the circumferentially distributed threaded holes on the front end face of the right swing arm welding assembly 402 and are fastened by screws. The left end of the wire rope 508 is connected to the flexible rope connecting seat 506, and the right end of the wire rope 508 is connected to the ball joint hole in the middle of the ball joint fixing seat 509. The wire rope 508 is tangentially engaged with the V-groove surface of the V-shaped roller 507-1 in the rotating roller mechanism 507. The bottom surface of the double U-shaped corner seat 502 engages with the side surface of the cylinder fixing seat 501. The double U-shaped corner seat 502 is connected to the single U-shaped corner seat 503 via a round shaft. The bottom surface of the single U-shaped corner seat 503 engages with the bottom surface of the cylinder. The single U-shaped corner seat can rotate around the outer circle of the round shaft it engages with. The external thread of the piston rod end of the loading cylinder 504 engages with the central internal thread hole of the buckling force sensor 505. The circular bottom surface of the flexible rope connecting seat 506 engages with the end face of the buckling force sensor 505. The buckling force sensor 505 in the buckling loading device 50 can measure the horizontal loading force of the cylinder. The roller mechanism 507 can rotate along the x-axis and z-axis in conjunction with the wire rope 508. The roller mechanism 507 as a whole can perform spatial curved motion under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 504 and the swing arm. The ball joint fixing seat 509 as a whole can perform curved motion on the horizontal plane. The ball joint on the ball joint fixing seat 509 rotates under the action of the wire rope.

[0064] Based on the wind turbine blade buckling and torsion composite test system provided in the above specific embodiments, the blade clamping device 60 includes a wooden mold structure 603 arranged vertically. The wooden mold structure 603 is provided with a groove that matches the shape of both ends of the trailing edge slice 70 of the blade. A wooden mold pressure plate 602 is provided on the wooden mold structure 603 and is locked by a wooden mold bolt 607, a second nut 604, a spring washer 605, and a flat washer 606. A lifting ring 601 is provided on the wooden mold pressure plate 603.

[0065] The buckling-torsion composite testing system for wind turbine blades provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A combined buckling and torsion test system for wind turbine blades, characterized in that, The system includes a floor (10) and a torsion drive device (20), a horizontal loading device (30), a swing arm device (40), a buckling loading device (50), and a blade clamping device (60) disposed on the floor (10). The torsion drive device (20) and the horizontal loading device (30) are respectively disposed at both ends of the floor (10), and the swing arm device (40) is hinged to both the torsion drive device (20) and the horizontal loading device (30). The buckling loading device (50) is connected to both swing arms. The device (40) has two swing arm devices (40) connected to the blade clamping device (60). The two blade clamping devices (60) are arranged opposite to each other and clamp the two ends of the trailing edge slice (70) of the blade. The torsion drive device (20) is used to drive one of the swing arm devices (40) to twist around the horizontal transverse axis. The horizontal loading device (30) is used to drive the other swing arm device (40) to move horizontally. The buckling loading device (50) is used to drive the front ends of the two swing arm devices (40) to move closer to each other. The buckling loading device (50) includes a cylinder mounting base (501), a hinged base, a loading cylinder (504), a flexible rope connecting base (506), a roller mechanism (507), a steel wire rope (508), and a ball joint mounting base (509). The cylinder mounting base (501) is installed on the floor (10). One end of the loading cylinder (504) is connected to the cylinder mounting base (501) through the hinged base, and the other end of the loading cylinder (504) is connected to the flexible rope connecting base (506). One end of the steel wire rope (508) is connected to the ball joint mounting base (509). One end of the wire rope (508) is connected to the soft rope connecting seat (506), and the other end of the wire rope (508) passes around the roller mechanism (507) and connects to the ball joint fixing seat (509). The roller mechanism (507) is hinged to the front end of one of the swing arm devices (40), and the ball joint fixing seat (509) is hinged to the front end of another swing arm device (40). The line connecting the roller mechanism (507) and the ball joint fixing seat (509) is arranged horizontally. A buckling force sensor (505) is provided on the soft rope connecting seat (506). The roller mechanism (507) includes a roller fixing seat (507-03), a roller bracket (507-02), and a V-shaped roller (507-01). The roller fixing seat (507-03) is connected to the front end of the swing arm device (40). One end of the roller bracket (507-02) is hinged to the roller fixing seat (507-03) with the hinge axis arranged horizontally and longitudinally. The other end of the roller bracket (507-02) is hinged to the middle of the V-shaped roller (507-01) with the hinge axis arranged vertically.

2. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the floor (10) is provided with a plurality of inverted T-shaped grooves extending laterally. The plurality of inverted T-shaped grooves are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction. The torsion drive device (20), the horizontal loading device (30) and the buckling loading device (50) are connected to the inverted T-shaped grooves by bolts and T-nuts.

3. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsion drive device (20) includes a torsion servo motor (201), a torsion reducer (202), and a torsion output shaft (205). The output end of the torsion servo motor (201) is connected to the input end of the torsion reducer (202), the output end of the torsion reducer (202) is connected to one end of the torsion output shaft (205), and the other end of the torsion output shaft (205) is hinged to the middle of the swing arm device (40).

4. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal loading device (30) includes a horizontal servo motor (301), a horizontal reducer (302), a ball screw (310), a linear guide (312), a horizontal loading seat, and a torque input shaft (320). The output end of the horizontal servo motor (301) is connected to the input end of the horizontal reducer (302), and the output end of the horizontal reducer (302) is connected to one end of the ball screw (310). The nut of the ball screw (310) is connected to the horizontal loading seat. The inner end of the horizontal loading seat is connected to one end of the torque input shaft (320), and the other end of the torque input shaft (320) is hinged to the middle of another swing arm device (40). A torque force sensor (313) and a torque sensor assembly (316) are provided on the horizontal loading seat.

5. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing arm device (40) includes a longitudinally arranged welding assembly. A pressure plate (407) is connected to the upper end of the welding assembly, and a support plate (403) is connected to the lower end of the welding assembly. The pressure plate (407) and the support plate (403) clamp the blade clamping device (60). A vertical swing arm pivot (411) is provided in the middle of the welding assembly. The torsion output shaft (205) and the torque input shaft (320) are respectively hinged to the two swing arm pivots (411) at both ends.

6. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure plate (407) is connected to the upper surface of the blade clamping device (60) by clamping screws (405), and an adjusting pad (404) is provided on the support plate (403), which is close to the lower surface of the blade clamping device (60).

7. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade clamping device (60) includes a wooden mold structure (603) arranged vertically. The wooden mold structure (603) has grooves that match the shape of both ends of the trailing edge slice (70) of the blade. The wooden mold structure (603) is provided with a wooden mold pressure plate (602) and is locked by wooden mold bolts (607). The wooden mold pressure plate (602) is provided with a lifting ring (601).

8. The wind turbine blade buckling-torsion composite test system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, An adjustable pad is provided under the floor (10).

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