A tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method and device

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method and device, comprising: based on N cross-hole radars, radar signals are respectively transmitted to different monitoring areas in the tunnel, and reflection signals of the radar signals are received in real time, and the reflection signals are analyzed to obtain observation data of the internal structure of the tunnel; based on the characteristic attributes of the tunnel, an initial model of the tunnel is constructed, and the observation data and the simulation data corresponding to the initial model are compared to obtain structure difference parameters; based on the structure difference parameters, the initial model is subjected to initial structure adjustment, and the initial structure adjustment result is used as an initial condition for the next structure adjustment for step-by-step iteration until the simulation data of the initial model and the observation data reach a target fitting degree, and a target model of the tunnel is obtained; the target model is analyzed, and a monitoring result of the internal structure of the tunnel is obtained based on the analysis result. While ensuring the stable operation of the tunnel, the safety coefficient of the personnel in the tunnel is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of data processing and intelligent monitoring technology, and in particular to a method and device for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tunnels are widely used in various fields, including transportation and water supply. Due to their widespread use, tunnel condition monitoring is particularly important. Through monitoring and measurement, the actual geological conditions of the tunnel, the stress characteristics and deformation of the surrounding rock and support lining structure can be grasped in a timely manner, thereby detecting disasters such as collapse and deformation as early as possible.

[0003] However, most traditional tunnel monitoring is based on experience. It relies on experience and on-site observation to judge geological conditions and tunnel stability during engineering construction. Traditional technology has many defects, such as long monitoring cycle, low data accuracy, and the judgment of monitoring results must take into account the influence of factors such as construction technology and monitoring perspective, which wastes a lot of human and material resources, and the accuracy of monitoring inside the tunnel cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a method and device for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and device for forward cross-aperture radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. It transmits radar signals into the tunnel via cross-aperture radar and receives and analyzes the corresponding reflected signals, enabling accurate and effective acquisition of observation data on the tunnel's internal structure. This facilitates structural imaging of the tunnel interior. Secondly, the initial tunnel model is iteratively constructed using the obtained observation data, resulting in an accurate and effective construction of a target model of the tunnel interior. This improves the accuracy and reliability of three-dimensional imaging of the tunnel interior. Finally, the obtained target model is used to monitor the tunnel interior, saving significant manpower and physical monitoring time, improving the accuracy and reliability of tunnel interior monitoring, and facilitating rapid emergency response in case of anomalies. This ensures stable tunnel operation while also enhancing the safety of personnel inside the tunnel.

[0006] This invention provides a method for advanced monitoring of tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Based on N cross-hole radars, radar signals are transmitted to different monitoring areas in the tunnel, and the reflected signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls are received in real time. The reflected signals are analyzed to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0008] Step 2: Based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the structural difference parameters, perform initial structural adjustments on the initial model, and use the results of the initial structural adjustments as the initial conditions for the next structural adjustments to iterate step by step until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, and then obtain the target model of the tunnel.

[0010] Step 4: Analyze the target model and obtain the monitoring results of the tunnel interior based on the analysis results.

[0011] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-aperture radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 1, before transmitting radar signals to different monitoring areas within the tunnel based on N cross-aperture radars, includes:

[0012] Obtain the structural design drawings of the tunnel and determine the first structural parameters of the tunnel based on the structural design drawings. At the same time, obtain the configuration parameters of the cross-aperture radar and determine the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar based on the configuration parameters.

[0013] Based on the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar and the first structural parameters of the tunnel, the tunnel is divided into regions, and multiple sub-monitoring regions are obtained based on the region division results. Each sub-monitoring region is then assigned a region identifier.

[0014] Extract the second structural parameters of each sub-monitoring area, determine the center location point of each sub-monitoring area based on the second structural parameters, and summarize the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas;

[0015] Based on the summary results, the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas are associated with the area identifiers of the corresponding sub-monitoring areas. Based on the association results, a cross-aperture radar installation location guidance map is generated and sent to the management terminal.

[0016] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-aperture radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 1 involves transmitting radar signals to different monitoring areas within the tunnel using N cross-aperture radars, including:

[0017] Obtain the monitoring requirements for the tunnel, analyze the monitoring requirements, and determine the frequency for sending radar signals to the tunnel;

[0018] The working time interval of the cross-aperture radar is determined based on the frequency of the transmitted radar signal, and the clock generator is parameter-adapted based on the working time interval. Periodic trigger commands are generated based on the adaptation results.

[0019] The transmission frequency bands of radar signals from cross-aperture radars in different monitoring areas are allocated differently based on the number of monitoring areas.

[0020] Periodic trigger commands are sent to the N cross-aperture radars after the frequency difference allocation of the transmission band, and each cross-aperture radar is controlled to synchronously transmit radar signals to the corresponding monitoring area based on the corresponding transmission frequency according to the periodic trigger commands.

[0021] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 1 involves analyzing the reflected signal to obtain observation data on the tunnel's internal structure, including:

[0022] The reflected signal is acquired, and the reflected signal is converted from analog to electronic to obtain the corresponding electrical signal. The electrical signal is then linearly demodulated to obtain the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal.

[0023] The monitoring task of the tunnel by the cross-aperture radar is obtained, and the monitoring task is analyzed to determine the filtering requirements parameters for the reflected signal. The filtering requirements parameters are analyzed based on the preset basis function to obtain the filtering coefficients.

[0024] The parameters of the preset filter are adapted based on the filter coefficients, and the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal is filtered according to the preset filter based on the adaptation results to obtain the target signal wave.

[0025] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 4, obtaining the target signal wave includes:

[0026] The target signal wave is divided based on a unit time, and the sub-target signal waves at different times in the same monitoring area are obtained based on the division results. The sub-target signal waves at different times are mapped to the same preset coordinate system to obtain the sub-target signal wave control group for each monitoring area.

[0027] The waveform change characteristics of each sub-target signal wave relative to the other sub-target signal waves in the sub-target signal wave control group are determined, and the confidence level of each sub-target signal wave is determined based on the waveform change characteristics. The sub-target signal waves are then screened based on the confidence level to obtain the standard target signal wave control group.

[0028] Phase alignment is performed on the standard target signal wave control group, and the waveform change law of the standard target signal wave control group is determined based on the phase alignment result. The signal characterization parameters of the target signal wave control group are then determined based on the waveform change law.

[0029] Based on the signal characterization parameters, the target distance and target orientation of different detection points in each monitoring area relative to the cross-hole radar in each monitoring area are determined, and the relative positional relationship between each detection point is determined based on the target distance and target orientation, and the structural observation data of the tunnel is obtained based on the relative positional relationship.

[0030] Preferably, a forward-looking cross-hole radar transmission imaging method for tunnel monitoring obtains structural observation data of the tunnel based on relative positional relationships, including:

[0031] A comparative analysis of the target signal waves in the standard target signal wave control group was conducted to obtain the frequency offset value of the reflected signal wave. The physical properties of the underground medium in the tunnel were determined based on the frequency offset value, and the underground medium observation data of the tunnel were obtained based on the physical properties. The underground medium observation data includes the velocity, density and attenuation of the underground medium.

[0032] By summarizing the structural observation data and underground medium observation data of the tunnel, we can obtain the observation data of the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0033] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 3 involves adjusting the initial structure of the initial model based on structural difference parameters, and using the initial structural adjustment result as the initial condition for the next structural adjustment for iterative iteration until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, thus obtaining the target model of the tunnel, including:

[0034] Obtain the obtained structural difference parameters, and determine the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction based on the structural difference parameters;

[0035] The initial structure of the simulation data of the initial model is adjusted based on the adjustment degree value, and the adjusted simulation data of the initial model after the initial structure adjustment is determined. The adjusted simulation data is then initially fitted with the observation data to obtain the initial degree of fit between the adjusted simulation data and the observation data.

[0036] Preferably, a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method obtains an initial fit between the adjusted simulation data and the observation data, including:

[0037] The initial fit is compared with the target fit, and when the initial fit is less than the target fit, the adjusted simulation data is used as the initial condition for the next structural adjustment to construct an iterative feedback process.

[0038] Based on the iterative feedback process, the simulation data of the initial model is iterated step by step, and the goodness of fit between the simulation data and the observation data of the initial model after each iteration is determined. When the goodness of fit is greater than or equal to the target goodness of fit, the iteration is stopped, and the target model of the tunnel is obtained.

[0039] Preferably, in a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method, step 2 involves constructing an initial model of the tunnel in a computer based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, and comparing the observed data with the simulated data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters, including:

[0040] The tunnel's characteristic attributes are read to determine its spatial distribution characteristics, and the first contour data of the tunnel's exterior and the second contour data of the tunnel's interior are determined based on these characteristics.

[0041] The tunnel is simulated in the computer using the first contour data to obtain the first simulation model;

[0042] The second contour data is used to perform a second simulation of the tunnel in the computer to obtain a second simulation model;

[0043] The second simulation model is mapped onto the first simulation model, and the initial model of the tunnel is obtained based on the mapping result. At the same time, the simulation data corresponding to the initial model is read.

[0044] By comparing the observed data with the simulated data, structural difference data between the observed data and the simulated data can be obtained.

[0045] This invention provides a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring device, comprising:

[0046] The observation data acquisition module is used to transmit radar signals to different monitoring areas in the tunnel based on N cross-hole radars, and to receive the reflection signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls in real time. The module also analyzes the reflection signals to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0047] The data difference analysis module is used to construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters.

[0048] The model iteration module is used to make initial structural adjustments to the initial model based on structural difference parameters, and use the results of the initial structural adjustment as the initial conditions for the next structural adjustment to iterate step by step until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, and then the target model of the tunnel is obtained.

[0049] The monitoring module is used to analyze the target model and obtain monitoring results for the tunnel interior based on the analysis results.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] 1. By transmitting radar signals into the tunnel through a cross-hole radar and receiving and analyzing the corresponding reflected signals, accurate and effective data on the tunnel's internal structure can be obtained, facilitating structural imaging of the tunnel interior. Secondly, the initial tunnel model is iteratively constructed using the obtained data, leading to accurate and effective construction of the target model within the tunnel. This improves the accuracy and reliability of 3D imaging of the tunnel interior. Finally, the obtained target model is used to monitor the tunnel interior, saving significant manpower and physical monitoring time, and enhancing the accuracy and reliability of internal monitoring. This facilitates rapid emergency response in case of anomalies, ensuring stable tunnel operation while also improving the safety of personnel inside the tunnel.

[0052] 2. By analyzing the received reflected signals and filtering and processing the resulting signal waves, interference signals in the signal waves can be accurately and effectively extracted, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the signal waves. Secondly, the signal waves of sub-targets at different times in the same monitoring area are compared, thereby enabling accurate and effective determination of structural observation data and underground medium observation data in each monitoring area through signal waves. Finally, the structural observation data and underground medium data of each monitoring area are summarized, enabling accurate and effective determination of the observation data of the tunnel's internal structure, which also facilitates accurate and effective imaging of the tunnel, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of tunnel imaging monitoring.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in this application.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step 1 of a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3This is a structural diagram of a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0062] Step 1: Based on N cross-hole radars, radar signals are transmitted to different monitoring areas in the tunnel, and the reflected signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls are received in real time. The reflected signals are analyzed to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0063] Step 2: Based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters;

[0064] Step 3: Based on the structural difference parameters, perform initial structural adjustments on the initial model, and use the results of the initial structural adjustments as the initial conditions for the next structural adjustments to iterate step by step until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, and then obtain the target model of the tunnel.

[0065] Step 4: Analyze the target model and obtain the monitoring results of the tunnel interior based on the analysis results.

[0066] In this embodiment, the monitoring area is a region at different addresses within the tunnel, and all of them are inside the tunnel.

[0067] In this embodiment, the reflected signal refers to the radar signal reflected back after the radar signal collides with the inner wall of the tunnel in the monitoring area (i.e., the tunnel structural parameters are detected).

[0068] In this embodiment, the observation data of the tunnel's internal structure refers to parameters that can characterize the shape of the tunnel's interior and the property information of the medium inside the tunnel, including the density of the medium.

[0069] In this embodiment, the characteristic attributes refer to the length of the tunnel and the distribution characteristics of the tunnel structure at different locations during tunnel construction.

[0070] In this embodiment, the initial model is constructed based on the characteristic attributes of the tunnel and does not represent the actual model corresponding to the tunnel. Therefore, the initial model needs to be corrected.

[0071] In this embodiment, the simulation data refers to the structural parameters inside the virtual tunnel corresponding to the initial model, specifically parameters such as the tunnel's curvature, height, and width.

[0072] In this embodiment, the structural difference parameter refers to the difference between the observed data and the simulated data corresponding to the initial model, including differences in values.

[0073] In this embodiment, the initial structural adjustment refers to adjusting the tunnel structural features represented by the initial model based on the obtained structural differences, with the aim of correcting the initial model to a model consistent with the structure of the tunnel's internal world.

[0074] In this embodiment, the initial condition refers to using the model result after the initial structure adjustment as the basis for the next iteration of model training. That is, when the tunnel structure represented by the initial model after the initial structure adjustment is still different from the actual tunnel structure, the initial model after the initial structure adjustment is used as the starting condition for the next iteration of training until the tunnel structure represented by the initial model is the same as the actual tunnel structure.

[0075] In this embodiment, the target fit is pre-set and is a standard used to measure the similarity between the simulated data and the observed data of the initial model. It can be adjusted.

[0076] In this embodiment, the target model refers to the final model that can characterize the actual structural condition of the tunnel, obtained by iteratively training and adjusting the initial model of the tunnel based on the obtained observation data.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: First, by transmitting radar signals into the tunnel through a cross-hole radar and receiving and analyzing the corresponding reflected signals, accurate and effective data on the internal structure of the tunnel can be obtained through radar, facilitating structural imaging of the tunnel interior. Second, by iteratively constructing the initial tunnel model using the obtained data on the internal structure of the tunnel, accurate and effective construction of the target model inside the tunnel can be achieved, improving the accuracy and reliability of three-dimensional imaging of the tunnel interior. Finally, by monitoring the tunnel interior using the obtained target model, a significant amount of manpower and physical monitoring is saved, improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the tunnel interior and facilitating rapid emergency response in the event of anomalies. This ensures stable tunnel operation while also increasing the safety factor for personnel inside the tunnel.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-aperture radar transmission imaging for advanced monitoring of tunnels. Step 1, before transmitting radar signals to different monitoring areas within the tunnel using N cross-aperture radars, includes:

[0080] Obtain the structural design drawings of the tunnel and determine the first structural parameters of the tunnel based on the structural design drawings. At the same time, obtain the configuration parameters of the cross-aperture radar and determine the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar based on the configuration parameters.

[0081] Based on the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar and the first structural parameters of the tunnel, the tunnel is divided into regions, and multiple sub-monitoring regions are obtained based on the region division results. Each sub-monitoring region is then assigned a region identifier.

[0082] Extract the second structural parameters of each sub-monitoring area, determine the center location point of each sub-monitoring area based on the second structural parameters, and summarize the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas;

[0083] Based on the summary results, the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas are associated with the area identifiers of the corresponding sub-monitoring areas. Based on the association results, a cross-aperture radar installation location guidance map is generated and sent to the management terminal.

[0084] In this embodiment, the structural design drawings are known in advance.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first structural parameter refers to parameters such as the overall length, width, and height of the tunnel.

[0086] In this embodiment, the configuration parameters refer to data such as the transmit power or transmit frequency of the cross-aperture radar.

[0087] In this embodiment, the effective monitoring distance refers to the distance at which the radar signal transmitted by the transap-hole radar can effectively monitor the monitored object each time.

[0088] In this embodiment, the sub-monitoring area refers to the different tunnel segments in the overall tunnel obtained after dividing the tunnel according to the effective monitoring distance of the word and the first structural parameters of the tunnel.

[0089] In this embodiment, the area identifier refers to a marker symbol that can represent the identity information of the sub-monitoring area.

[0090] In this embodiment, the second structural parameter refers to information such as the width and length of each sub-monitoring area.

[0091] In this embodiment, the central location point refers to the location in each sub-monitoring area that can transmit radar signals in different directions, and the transmission distance of the radar signals transmitted in each direction is the same.

[0092] In this embodiment, the cross-aperture radar installation location guidance map is determined based on the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas and the area identifiers of the sub-monitoring areas, and is used to indicate the specific installation location information of the cross-aperture radar to the staff.

[0093] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by analyzing the structural design drawings of the tunnel and the configuration parameters of the cross-hole radar, the tunnel can be divided and the installation position information of the cross-hole radar in each sub-monitoring area can be accurately and effectively confirmed. Based on the confirmed installation position, a cross-hole radar installation position guidance map is generated and transmitted to the management terminal, which facilitates the effective installation of the cross-hole radar by the staff and improves the accuracy and reliability of tunnel imaging monitoring.

[0094] Example 3:

[0095] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in step 1, radar signals are transmitted to different monitoring areas within the tunnel using N cross-hole radars, including:

[0096] Step 101: Obtain the monitoring requirements for the tunnel, analyze the monitoring requirements, and determine the frequency for sending radar signals to the tunnel;

[0097] Step 102: Determine the working time interval of the cross-aperture radar based on the frequency of the transmitted radar signal, adapt the parameters of the clock generator based on the working time interval, and generate periodic trigger commands based on the adaptation results.

[0098] Step 103: Based on the number of monitoring areas, differentiate the transmission frequency bands of radar signals from cross-aperture radars in different monitoring areas;

[0099] Step 104: Send periodic trigger commands to the N cross-aperture radars after the frequency difference allocation of the transmission band, and control each cross-aperture radar to synchronously transmit radar signals to the corresponding monitoring area based on the corresponding transmission frequency according to the periodic trigger commands.

[0100] In this embodiment, the monitoring requirements are known in advance and are the specific requirements parameters of the management terminal for tunnel monitoring.

[0101] In this embodiment, the working time interval refers to the time interval length between adjacent radar signals.

[0102] In this embodiment, the clock generator is pre-set and is a tool that can intermittently generate signals. Parameter adaptation means adjusting the operating parameters of the clock generator according to the working time interval to ensure that the clock generator can generate corresponding periodic signals according to the working time interval. The periodic trigger command is the periodic signal generated after parameter adaptation.

[0103] In this embodiment, the purpose of differentiating the transmission band frequencies of the radar signals of the cross-aperture radar in different monitoring areas is to ensure that the radar signals of the cross-aperture radar corresponding to different sub-monitoring areas are distinguished, and to ensure that the cross-aperture radar in the corresponding monitoring area receives the reflected signal from the corresponding sub-monitoring area. Furthermore, the transmission band frequencies corresponding to different monitoring areas are different. The transmission band frequency is a parameter that distinguishes different radar signals, that is, a parameter that characterizes the identity information of the radar signal.

[0104] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by analyzing the monitoring requirements of the tunnel, the frequency of radar signals transmitted in different monitoring areas can be effectively determined. Secondly, by adapting the clock generator to the determined frequency and differentiating the transmission band frequency of radar signals in different monitoring areas, the cross-hole radar in different monitoring areas can effectively transmit and receive radar signals in the corresponding monitoring areas, which facilitates the differentiation of structural observation data in different monitoring areas and improves the reliability and accuracy of tunnel imaging monitoring.

[0105] Example 4:

[0106] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 1, the reflected signal of the radar signal after hitting the tunnel wall is received in real time, including:

[0107] Obtain the transmit frequency value of each cross-aperture radar for the radar signal, and determine the receive frequency value of each cross-aperture radar for the corresponding radar signal based on the working attributes of the cross-aperture radar.

[0108] The operating parameters of each cross-aperture radar are adapted based on the receiving frequency band value, and the signal receiving channel of each cross-aperture radar is obtained according to the adaptation result. The reflected signal of the radar signal in each monitoring area after hitting the wall in the tunnel is received based on the signal receiving channel.

[0109] The terminal identifiers of the cross-hole radars in each monitoring area are extracted, and the cross-hole radars are correlated with the reflected signals of the radar signals from the receiving channel after hitting the tunnel walls based on the terminal identifiers. The correlation results in each monitoring area are summarized to complete the reception of the reflected signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls.

[0110] In this embodiment, the working attribute refers to the frequency band correspondence between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal of the cross-aperture radar. The purpose is to determine the receiving frequency band value of the reflected signal based on the transmitted frequency band value of the transmitted signal of different cross-aperture radars. The receiving frequency band value is used to characterize the receiving frequency band of the corresponding reflected signal of different cross-aperture radars, thereby realizing the effective reception of the reflected signal.

[0111] In this embodiment, adapting the operating parameters of each transap-hole radar based on the receiving frequency band value refers to adjusting the signal receiving frequency band of the transap-hole type according to the receiving frequency band value, thereby ensuring that the reflected signal can be effectively received.

[0112] In this embodiment, the terminal identifier is a marking symbol used to distinguish different cross-aperture radars, that is, a specific symbol that can characterize the identity of a cross-aperture radar.

[0113] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by determining and adapting the receiving frequency band values ​​of the cross-aperture radar for reflected signals in different monitoring areas, the cross-aperture radar in different monitoring areas can effectively receive the reflected signals of radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls, thereby achieving accurate and effective acquisition of structural observation data in the tunnel and providing convenience for tunnel imaging monitoring.

[0114] Example 5:

[0115] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 1, the reflected signal is analyzed to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel, including:

[0116] The reflected signal is acquired, and the reflected signal is converted from analog to electronic to obtain the corresponding electrical signal. The electrical signal is then linearly demodulated to obtain the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal.

[0117] The monitoring task of the tunnel by the cross-aperture radar is obtained, and the monitoring task is analyzed to determine the filtering requirements parameters for the reflected signal. The filtering requirements parameters are analyzed based on the preset basis function to obtain the filtering coefficients.

[0118] The parameters of the preset filter are adapted based on the filter coefficients, and the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal is filtered according to the preset filter based on the adaptation result to obtain the target signal wave.

[0119] The target signal wave is divided based on a unit time, and the sub-target signal waves at different times in the same monitoring area are obtained based on the division results. The sub-target signal waves at different times are mapped to the same preset coordinate system to obtain the sub-target signal wave control group for each monitoring area.

[0120] The waveform change characteristics of each sub-target signal wave relative to the other sub-target signal waves in the sub-target signal wave control group are determined, and the confidence level of each sub-target signal wave is determined based on the waveform change characteristics. The sub-target signal waves are then screened based on the confidence level to obtain the standard target signal wave control group.

[0121] Phase alignment is performed on the standard target signal wave control group, and the waveform change law of the standard target signal wave control group is determined based on the phase alignment result. The signal characterization parameters of the target signal wave control group are then determined based on the waveform change law.

[0122] Based on the signal characterization parameters, the target distance and target orientation of different detection points in each monitoring area relative to the cross-hole radar in each monitoring area are determined, and the relative positional relationship between each detection point is determined based on the target distance and target orientation, and the structural observation data of the tunnel is obtained based on the relative positional relationship.

[0123] Meanwhile, a comparative analysis was conducted on the target signal waves within the standard target signal wave control group to obtain the frequency offset value of the reflected signal wave. The physical properties of the underground medium within the tunnel were determined based on the frequency offset value, and the underground medium observation data of the tunnel were obtained based on the physical properties. The underground medium observation data includes the velocity, density, and attenuation of the underground medium.

[0124] By summarizing the structural observation data and underground medium observation data of the tunnel, we can obtain the observation data of the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0125] In this embodiment, analog-to-electric conversion refers to converting the analog signal received by the cross-aperture radar into an electrical signal, thereby facilitating the determination of the observation data for the internal structure of the tunnel. The electrical signal is the result obtained after the analog-to-electric conversion of the reflected signal, which is data that can be processed by software.

[0126] In this embodiment, linear demodulation refers to analyzing the obtained electrical signal according to a preset waveform analysis rule, thereby obtaining the observation data of the enlarged-hole radar for monitoring the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0127] In this embodiment, the monitoring task is known in advance, and it represents the items to be monitored inside the tunnel and the required level of accuracy for each monitoring item.

[0128] In this embodiment, the filtering requirement parameters are determined according to the monitoring task, and represent the specific parameter requirements for filtering the signal wave of the reflected signal, such as the value of the cutoff frequency.

[0129] In this embodiment, the preset reference function is pre-set and used to analyze the filtering requirement parameters, thereby determining the specific parameters on which the signal wave of the reflected signal is filtered, that is, determining the filtering coefficients, which represent the specific requirements for removing the signal wave of the reflected signal.

[0130] In this embodiment, the preset filter is pre-set and is the main body for performing the filtering operation. Parameter adaptation means adjusting the working parameters of the preset filter according to the filtering coefficient to achieve accurate and effective filtering of the reflected signal wave.

[0131] In this embodiment, the target signal wave refers to the final result obtained after filtering the reflected signal wave, which is a waveform signal that can characterize the specific structural conditions inside the tunnel and is a waveform with interference removed.

[0132] In this embodiment, the filtering includes low-pass filtering, high-pass filtering, and all-pass filtering.

[0133] In this embodiment, the unit time is preset, specifically one minute, etc.

[0134] In this embodiment, the sub-target signal wave refers to the signal wave corresponding to different times within the same monitoring area.

[0135] In this embodiment, the preset coordinate system is set in advance to display the sub-target signal waves at the same time in different monitoring areas. The display result is the sub-target signal wave control group for each monitoring area. The purpose is to determine the difference between the current sub-target signal wave and other sub-target signal waves in the group.

[0136] In this embodiment, waveform change features are used to characterize the changes in the waveform of different sub-target signal waves relative to the waveforms of other sub-target signal waves, specifically including changes in values, etc.

[0137] In this embodiment, confidence level is used to characterize the degree to which the current sub-target signal wave can represent the structural features inside the tunnel.

[0138] In this embodiment, the standard target signal wave control group is obtained by screening the sub-target signal waves based on confidence level. This means comparing the confidence level of each sub-target signal wave with a preset confidence threshold and screening out the sub-target signal waves that are greater than the preset confidence threshold.

[0139] In this embodiment, phase alignment of the standard target signal wave control group refers to aligning the positions of each sub-target signal wave in the standard target signal wave control group with phase as the reference, so as to facilitate the determination of the waveform change pattern in the standard target signal wave control group. The waveform change pattern includes the period of waveform occurrence and the change of value, etc.

[0140] In this embodiment, the signal characterization parameters refer to parameters such as the propagation distance of the signal characterized by each sub-target signal wave within the target signal wave control group.

[0141] In this embodiment, the target distance and target orientation are used to characterize the distance and direction of different detection points relative to the cross-hole radar within each monitoring area, thereby facilitating the determination of the structural conditions inside the tunnel.

[0142] In this embodiment, the frequency offset value is used to characterize the degree of frequency offset of the same reflected signal at different monitoring times within the same monitoring system, and is used to determine the velocity and density of the medium inside the tunnel.

[0143] In this embodiment, physical properties include the property information of the underground medium within the tunnel, including the structure and variation characteristics of the medium.

[0144] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By analyzing the received reflected signal and filtering and processing the obtained signal wave, interference signals in the signal wave can be accurately and effectively extracted, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the signal wave. Secondly, by comparing the sub-target signal waves at different times in the same monitoring area, the structural observation data and underground medium observation data in each monitoring area can be accurately and effectively determined through the signal wave. Finally, by summarizing the structural observation data and underground medium data of each monitoring area, the observation data of the tunnel's internal structure can be accurately and effectively determined, which also facilitates accurate and effective imaging of the tunnel, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of tunnel imaging monitoring.

[0145] Example 6:

[0146] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-aperture radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 3, the initial structure of the initial model is adjusted based on structural difference parameters, and the results of the initial structure adjustment are used as the initial conditions for the next structure adjustment for iterative iteration until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, thus obtaining the target model of the tunnel, including:

[0147] Obtain the obtained structural difference parameters, and determine the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction based on the structural difference parameters;

[0148] The initial structure of the simulation data of the initial model is adjusted based on the adjustment degree value, and the adjusted simulation data of the initial model after the initial structure adjustment is determined. The adjusted simulation data is then initially fitted with the observation data to obtain the initial degree of fit between the adjusted simulation data and the observation data.

[0149] The initial fit is compared with the target fit, and when the initial fit is less than the target fit, the adjusted simulation data is used as the initial condition for the next structural adjustment to construct an iterative feedback process.

[0150] Based on the iterative feedback process, the simulation data of the initial model is iterated step by step, and the goodness of fit between the simulation data and the observation data of the initial model after each iteration is determined. When the goodness of fit is greater than or equal to the target goodness of fit, the iteration is stopped, and the target model of the tunnel is obtained.

[0151] In this embodiment, the adjustment direction refers to the specific parameter category for adjusting the simulation data based on the structural difference parameters, such as adjusting data that is highly correlated.

[0152] In this embodiment, the adjustment degree value refers to the specific adjustment value that needs to be adjusted in the adjustment direction, such as increasing the height by one centimeter.

[0153] In this embodiment, adjusting the simulation data refers to the model data after adjusting the simulation data of the initial model according to the adjustment degree value.

[0154] In this embodiment, the initial fit refers to the degree of consistency between the adjusted simulation data obtained after determining the initial structure adjustment and the article data, wherein the degree of consistency between the two is the initial fit degree.

[0155] In this embodiment, the target fit is set in advance and is the minimum standard for measuring whether the fit requirement is met.

[0156] In this embodiment, the iterative feedback process refers to constructing an iterative training process when the initial fit does not meet the target fit requirement, that is, using the previous iterative training result as the starting condition for the next iterative training.

[0157] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by determining the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction based on the obtained structural difference parameters, the initial structure of the simulation data of the initial model is adjusted. Secondly, the initial fitting degree between the adjusted simulation data and the observation data after the initial structure adjustment is determined. When the initial fitting degree does not meet the target fitting degree requirement, an iterative feedback process is constructed to achieve iterative training of the simulation data of the initial model. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the final target model of the tunnel and facilitates real-time and effective monitoring of the tunnel based on the obtained target model, thus ensuring the safety of the tunnel.

[0158] Example 7:

[0159] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 4, the target model is analyzed, and monitoring results of the tunnel interior are obtained based on the analysis results, including:

[0160] The target model is obtained, and the tunnel is monitored in real time based on the cross-hole radar. The target model is updated in real time based on the real-time observation data obtained from the real-time monitoring to obtain the real-time target model.

[0161] The real-time status data of the tunnel is determined based on the simulation data of the real-time target model, and the real-time status data is clustered to obtain the sub-monitoring project data set.

[0162] The monitoring indicators for each sub-monitoring item are obtained, and a monitoring and analysis system is constructed based on the monitoring indicators. The data set of the corresponding sub-monitoring item is then parsed based on the monitoring and analysis system to obtain the sub-monitoring results for each sub-monitoring item.

[0163] The sub-monitoring results of each sub-monitoring item within the tunnel are summarized, and the monitoring results of the tunnel interior are obtained based on the summarized results.

[0164] In this embodiment, the real-time target model refers to a model that can reflect the tunnel status in real time after the simulation data of the target model is updated synchronously in real time based on the real-time observation data obtained from monitoring.

[0165] In this embodiment, real-time status data refers to the real-time operation status of the tunnel as reflected by the model data of the real-time target model.

[0166] In this embodiment, the sub-monitoring project data set refers to the data group corresponding to each category of data obtained after classifying and processing the obtained real-time status data.

[0167] In this embodiment, the sub-monitoring item refers to the type of monitoring required for the tunnel's operational status, such as structural stability.

[0168] In this embodiment, the monitoring indicators refer to the specific monitoring requirements and rules corresponding to each sub-monitoring item, that is, the standards for measuring whether the sub-monitoring items in the tunnel meet the monitoring requirements.

[0169] In this embodiment, the sub-monitoring result refers to the operational status of the corresponding sub-monitoring item inside the tunnel obtained after analyzing the data set of the corresponding sub-monitoring item through the analysis system.

[0170] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by updating the target model in real time based on the real-time observation data monitored by the cross-hole radar, and analyzing the updated real-time target model, the real-time status data of the tunnel can be accurately and effectively determined. Secondly, by parsing the obtained real-time status data, the monitoring results inside the tunnel can be accurately and effectively determined, which facilitates corresponding emergency operations based on the monitoring results and ensures the safe operation of the tunnel.

[0171] Example 8:

[0172] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward-looking cross-aperture radar projection imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 2, an initial model of the tunnel is constructed in a computer based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, and the observed data is compared with the simulated data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters, including:

[0173] The tunnel's characteristic attributes are read to determine its spatial distribution characteristics, and the first contour data of the tunnel's exterior and the second contour data of the tunnel's interior are determined based on these characteristics.

[0174] The tunnel is simulated in the computer using the first contour data to obtain the first simulation model;

[0175] The second contour data is used to perform a second simulation of the tunnel in the computer to obtain a second simulation model;

[0176] The second simulation model is mapped onto the first simulation model, and the initial model of the tunnel is obtained based on the mapping result. At the same time, the simulation data corresponding to the initial model is read.

[0177] By comparing the observed data with the simulated data, structural difference data between the observed data and the simulated data can be obtained.

[0178] In this embodiment, spatial distribution characteristics refer to the distribution of different structures inside the tunnel.

[0179] In this embodiment, the first contour data refers to specific parameters that can characterize the external contour of the tunnel.

[0180] In this embodiment, the second contour data refers to specific parameters that can characterize the internal contour of the tunnel.

[0181] In this embodiment, the first simulation refers to the construction of the external contour of the tunnel by analyzing and processing the first contour data through a computer, that is, the construction of the first simulation model.

[0182] In this embodiment, the second simulation refers to the construction of the tunnel's internal contour by analyzing and processing the second contour data using a computer, i.e., the construction of the second simulation model.

[0183] In this embodiment, mapping the second simulation model into the first simulation model means fusing the obtained first and second simulation models to effectively obtain the initial model of the tunnel.

[0184] In this embodiment, difference comparison refers to comparing the observed data with the simulated data at the same location, that is, comparing the observed data with the simulated data at the same location.

[0185] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: First, by analyzing the characteristic attributes of the tunnel, the external and internal contour data of the tunnel can be accurately and effectively determined. Second, by using a computer to build a model of the tunnel based on the contour data, the initial model of the tunnel can be accurately and effectively acquired. Finally, by comparing the simulation data of the constructed initial model with the observation data, the structural difference data between the two can be accurately and effectively locked, which facilitates effective iterative training of the initial model of the tunnel based on the structural difference data. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the obtained tunnel imaging and improves the accuracy and reliability of tunnel monitoring.

[0186] Example 9:

[0187] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for forward-looking cross-aperture radar projection imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels. In step 4, the target model is analyzed, and monitoring results of the tunnel interior are obtained based on the analysis results, including:

[0188] The monitoring results are obtained, and the baseline monitoring parameter range of the tunnel is retrieved from the preset model management library. The monitoring results are then matched with the baseline monitoring parameter range to determine whether there are any abnormal sections inside the tunnel.

[0189] When the monitoring results match the baseline monitoring parameter range, it is determined that there are no abnormal sections inside the tunnel.

[0190] Otherwise, it is determined that there is an abnormal section inside the tunnel. At the same time, based on the monitoring results, the abnormal monitoring results corresponding to the abnormal section are extracted, and the abnormal monitoring results are analyzed to determine the abnormal type of the abnormal section.

[0191] Based on the anomaly type, the anomaly severity table is retrieved from the preset anomaly management database, and the anomaly monitoring results are matched with the anomaly severity table to obtain the anomaly severity corresponding to the anomaly segment.

[0192] Anomaly reports are generated based on abnormal sections inside the tunnel, as well as the type and severity of the anomalies, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal.

[0193] In this embodiment, the preset model management library is pre-set and used to store the reference monitoring parameter range of the tunnel. The reference monitoring parameter range is pre-set and used to characterize the value range of each parameter when the tunnel is running normally.

[0194] In this embodiment, the abnormal section refers to a tunnel area where the parameters do not match the baseline monitoring parameters.

[0195] In this embodiment, the abnormal monitoring result refers to the monitoring result corresponding to the abnormal section.

[0196] In this embodiment, the anomaly type refers to the type of anomaly corresponding to the anomaly section, such as the presence of foreign objects in the tunnel or a change in the stability of the tunnel.

[0197] In this embodiment, the anomaly severity table is pre-set and used to record the specific anomaly severity corresponding to different anomaly types under different states.

[0198] In this embodiment, the anomaly report is generated based on the anomaly type and degree of the anomaly segment, and is suitable for recording type and degree reports.

[0199] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by matching the tunnel monitoring results with the benchmark monitoring parameter range, the abnormal sections within the tunnel can be accurately and effectively identified; secondly, by analyzing the abnormal monitoring results of the abnormal sections, the abnormal type and degree of the abnormal sections can be accurately and effectively identified; finally, an abnormal report can be generated based on the abnormal type and degree of abnormality, enabling real-time and effective recording of the tunnel monitoring results and ensuring the stable operation of the tunnel.

[0200] Example 10:

[0201] This embodiment provides a tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0202] The observation data acquisition module is used to transmit radar signals to different monitoring areas in the tunnel based on N cross-hole radars, and to receive the reflection signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls in real time. The module also analyzes the reflection signals to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel.

[0203] The data difference analysis module is used to construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters.

[0204] The model iteration module is used to make initial structural adjustments to the initial model based on structural difference parameters, and use the results of the initial structural adjustment as the initial conditions for the next structural adjustment to iterate step by step until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit, and then the target model of the tunnel is obtained.

[0205] The monitoring module is used to analyze the target model and obtain monitoring results for the tunnel interior based on the analysis results.

[0206] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: First, by transmitting radar signals into the tunnel through a cross-hole radar and receiving and analyzing the corresponding reflected signals, accurate and effective data on the internal structure of the tunnel can be obtained through radar, facilitating structural imaging of the tunnel interior. Second, by iteratively constructing the initial tunnel model using the obtained data on the internal structure of the tunnel, accurate and effective construction of the target model inside the tunnel can be achieved, improving the accuracy and reliability of three-dimensional imaging of the tunnel interior. Finally, by monitoring the tunnel interior using the obtained target model, a significant amount of manpower and physical monitoring is saved, improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the tunnel interior and facilitating rapid emergency response in the event of anomalies. This ensures stable tunnel operation while also increasing the safety factor for personnel inside the tunnel.

[0207] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Based on N cross-hole radars, radar signals are transmitted to different monitoring areas in the tunnel, and the reflected signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls are received in real time. The reflected signals are analyzed to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel. Step 2: Based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters; Step 3: Based on the structural difference parameters, determine the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction. Based on the degree of adjustment, perform initial structural adjustment on the initial model, and use the initial structural adjustment result as the initial condition for the next structural adjustment to iterate step by step until the simulation data of the initial model and the observation data reach the target fit, and then obtain the target model of the tunnel. Step 4: Analyze the target model and obtain the monitoring results of the tunnel interior based on the analysis results; In step 1, before transmitting radar signals to different monitoring areas within the tunnel using N cross-hole radars, the following steps are included: Obtain the structural design drawings of the tunnel and determine the first structural parameters of the tunnel based on the structural design drawings. At the same time, obtain the configuration parameters of the cross-aperture radar and determine the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar based on the configuration parameters. Based on the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar and the first structural parameters of the tunnel, the tunnel is divided into regions, and multiple sub-monitoring regions are obtained based on the region division results. Each sub-monitoring region is then assigned a region identifier. Extract the second structural parameters of each sub-monitoring area, determine the center location point of each sub-monitoring area based on the second structural parameters, and summarize the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas; Based on the summary results, the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas are associated with the area identifiers of the corresponding sub-monitoring areas. Based on the association results, a cross-aperture radar installation location guidance map is generated and sent to the management terminal.

2. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, radar signals are transmitted to different monitoring areas within the tunnel using N cross-hole radars, including: Obtain the monitoring requirements for the tunnel, analyze the monitoring requirements, and determine the frequency for sending radar signals to the tunnel; The working time interval of the cross-aperture radar is determined based on the frequency of the transmitted radar signal, and the clock generator is parameter-adapted based on the working time interval. Periodic trigger commands are generated based on the adaptation results. The transmission frequency bands of radar signals from cross-aperture radars in different monitoring areas are allocated differently based on the number of monitoring areas. Periodic trigger commands are sent to the N cross-aperture radars after the frequency difference allocation of the transmission band, and each cross-aperture radar is controlled to synchronously transmit radar signals to the corresponding monitoring area based on the corresponding transmission frequency according to the periodic trigger commands.

3. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the reflected signal is analyzed to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel, including: The reflected signal is acquired, and the reflected signal is converted from analog to electronic to obtain the corresponding electrical signal. The electrical signal is then linearly demodulated to obtain the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal. The monitoring task of the tunnel by the cross-aperture radar is obtained, and the monitoring task is analyzed to determine the filtering requirements parameters for the reflected signal. The filtering requirements parameters are analyzed based on the preset basis function to obtain the filtering coefficients. The parameters of the preset filter are adapted based on the filter coefficients, and the signal wave corresponding to the reflected signal is filtered according to the preset filter based on the adaptation results to obtain the target signal wave.

4. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the target signal wave is obtained, including: The target signal wave is divided based on a unit time, and the sub-target signal waves at different times in the same monitoring area are obtained based on the division results. The sub-target signal waves at different times are mapped to the same preset coordinate system to obtain the sub-target signal wave control group for each monitoring area. The waveform change characteristics of each sub-target signal wave relative to the other sub-target signal waves in the sub-target signal wave control group are determined, and the confidence level of each sub-target signal wave is determined based on the waveform change characteristics. The sub-target signal waves are then screened based on the confidence level to obtain the standard target signal wave control group. Phase alignment is performed on the standard target signal wave control group, and the waveform change law of the standard target signal wave control group is determined based on the phase alignment result. The signal characterization parameters of the target signal wave control group are then determined based on the waveform change law. Based on the signal characterization parameters, the target distance and target orientation of different detection points in each monitoring area relative to the cross-hole radar in each monitoring area are determined. Based on the target distance and target orientation, the relative positional relationship between each detection point is determined, and the structural observation data of the tunnel is obtained based on the relative positional relationship.

5. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Structural observation data of the tunnel were obtained based on relative positional relationships, including: A comparative analysis of the target signal waves in the standard target signal wave control group was conducted to obtain the frequency offset value of the reflected signal wave. The physical properties of the underground medium in the tunnel were determined based on the frequency offset value, and the underground medium observation data of the tunnel were obtained based on the physical properties. The underground medium observation data includes the velocity, density and attenuation of the underground medium. By summarizing the structural observation data and underground medium observation data of the tunnel, we can obtain the observation data of the internal structure of the tunnel.

6. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the initial structure of the initial model is adjusted based on the structural difference parameters, and the results of the initial structural adjustment are used as the initial conditions for the next structural adjustment for iterative processing until the simulated data and observed data of the initial model reach the target fit. This yields the target model of the tunnel, including: Obtain the obtained structural difference parameters, and determine the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction based on the structural difference parameters; The initial structure of the simulation data of the initial model is adjusted based on the adjustment degree value, and the adjusted simulation data of the initial model after the initial structure adjustment is determined. The adjusted simulation data is then initially fitted with the observation data to obtain the initial degree of fit between the adjusted simulation data and the observation data.

7. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, To obtain the initial goodness of fit between the adjusted simulation data and the observed data, including: The initial fit is compared with the target fit, and when the initial fit is less than the target fit, the adjusted simulation data is used as the initial condition for the next structural adjustment to construct an iterative feedback process. Based on the iterative feedback process, the simulation data of the initial model is iterated step by step, and the goodness of fit between the simulation data and the observation data of the initial model after each iteration is determined. When the goodness of fit is greater than or equal to the target goodness of fit, the iteration is stopped, and the target model of the tunnel is obtained.

8. The method for forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, an initial model of the tunnel is constructed in the computer based on its characteristic attributes. The observed data is then compared with the simulated data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters, including: The tunnel's characteristic attributes are read to determine its spatial distribution characteristics, and the first contour data of the tunnel's exterior and the second contour data of the tunnel's interior are determined based on these characteristics. The tunnel is simulated in the computer using the first contour data to obtain the first simulation model; The second contour data is used to perform a second simulation of the tunnel in the computer to obtain a second simulation model; The second simulation model is mapped onto the first simulation model, and the initial model of the tunnel is obtained based on the mapping result. At the same time, the simulation data corresponding to the initial model is read. By comparing the observed data with the simulated data, structural difference data between the observed data and the simulated data can be obtained.

9. A tunnel forward cross-hole radar transmission imaging advanced monitoring device, characterized in that, include: The observation data acquisition module is used to transmit radar signals to different monitoring areas in the tunnel based on N cross-hole radars, and to receive the reflection signals of the radar signals after hitting the tunnel walls in real time. The module also analyzes the reflection signals to obtain observation data on the internal structure of the tunnel. The data difference analysis module is used to construct an initial model of the tunnel in the computer based on the tunnel's characteristic attributes, and compare the observed data with the simulation data corresponding to the initial model to obtain structural difference parameters. The model iteration module is used to determine the adjustment direction of the simulation data of the initial model and the degree of adjustment under the adjustment direction based on the structural difference parameters. Based on the degree of adjustment, the initial structure of the initial model is adjusted, and the initial structure adjustment result is used as the initial condition for the next structure adjustment for iterative iteration until the simulation data of the initial model and the observation data reach the target fit, and then the target model of the tunnel is obtained. The monitoring module is used to analyze the target model and obtain monitoring results of the tunnel interior based on the analysis results; The observation data acquisition module includes: Obtain the structural design drawings of the tunnel and determine the first structural parameters of the tunnel based on the structural design drawings. At the same time, obtain the configuration parameters of the cross-aperture radar and determine the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar based on the configuration parameters. Based on the single effective monitoring range of the cross-aperture radar and the first structural parameters of the tunnel, the tunnel is divided into regions, and multiple sub-monitoring regions are obtained based on the region division results. Each sub-monitoring region is then assigned a region identifier. Extract the second structural parameters of each sub-monitoring area, determine the center location point of each sub-monitoring area based on the second structural parameters, and summarize the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas; Based on the summary results, the center location points of different sub-monitoring areas are associated with the area identifiers of the corresponding sub-monitoring areas. Based on the association results, a cross-aperture radar installation location guidance map is generated and sent to the management terminal.

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