A broccoli residue compound tablet, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology. Targeting the control of soil-borne diseases such as potato black scurf and wilt, it discloses a broccoli residue combination tablet, its preparation method, and its application. The broccoli residue combination tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts broccoli residue powder, 15-20 parts Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1-0.3 parts binder, 0.05-0.3 parts disintegrant, 0.1-0.14 parts lubricant, and 10-20 parts wetting agent. This invention combines broccoli residue powder with Bacillus subtilis powder, which can effectively control soil-borne diseases such as potato black scurf and wilt, and also improve potato growth, showing broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology, specifically relating to a broccoli residue combination tablet, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are one of the world's most important crops, ranking as the fourth largest major crop globally. They are also an important industrial raw material, used to produce starch, alcohol, and other products. Potato cultivation is crucial for agricultural economic development and food security. Potato black scurf, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a disease affecting potatoes, primarily damaging young shoots, stem bases, and tubers. Fusarium wilt is another serious potato disease, caused by two main pathogens: Rhizoctonia solani and root-knot nematodes. Symptoms include gradually yellowing and drying of leaves, eventually leading to death, severely impacting potato growth and yield. Diseased potatoes suffer from reduced quality and taste, and in severe cases, rot, affecting their commercial value. Fusarium wilt can stunt potato growth and development, reduce yield, and in severe cases, even cause the death of the entire plant. With the development of the potato industry, its planting area has gradually expanded, and long-term continuous cropping has led to an increase in the severity of soil-borne potato diseases such as potato black scurf and wilt, which not only affect the quality of potatoes but also pose a serious threat to potato yield.

[0003] Soil treatment is an important way to control soil-borne diseases. Biological fumigation refers to the method of inhibiting or killing harmful organisms in the soil by producing isothiocyanates from the decomposition of glucosinolates in Brassica plant tissues during the turning and compaction of plants. Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L.var.italic Planch Broccoli is a variety of Brassica oleracea in the Brassicaceae family. The main edible part is the plump, green florets at the top, which are rich in nutrients and have anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. Originally from the eastern Mediterranean coast, it is now cultivated in most parts of my country. Its average nutritional value and disease-preventing functions far exceed those of other vegetables. Broccoli contains a relatively high amount of glucosinolates, mainly found in the vacuoles of broccoli cells. While these glucosinolates are chemically stable and lack fumigation activity, when broccoli is crushed, myrosinase in the black myrosinase cells comes into contact with and hydrolyzes the glucosinolates, producing a series of fumigation-active substances such as isothiocyanates, thiocyanates, and cyanides. These substances effectively inhibit harmful microorganisms, thus achieving soil fumigation disinfection. Currently, broccoli residues are used as an important green control plant source for soil-borne diseases.

[0004] However, considering that the appearance and texture of broccoli residues do not meet the requirements for commercialization, and that their high moisture content makes them unsuitable for processing, preservation, and transportation, it is necessary to study a method for drying and pulverizing broccoli residues before applying them to the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a broccoli residue compound tablet that can prevent soil-borne diseases of potatoes and improve potato growth.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing broccoli residue tablets, which can solve the problems of high transportation and storage costs of fresh broccoli residues and dust from dried broccoli residue powder.

[0007] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of broccoli residue compound tablets in the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases in potatoes.

[0008] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide an application of broccoli residue compound tablets in promoting potato growth.

[0009] The first objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A broccoli residue tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts broccoli residue powder, 15-20 parts Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1-0.3 parts binder, 0.05-0.3 parts disintegrant, 0.1-0.14 parts lubricant, and 10-20 parts wetting agent. A 1:1 mass ratio of broccoli residue powder to Bacillus subtilis powder yields better results. The broccoli residue powder and Bacillus subtilis (…) are combined… Bacillus subtilis The tablets made from the combination of mycelium and powder can be applied directly to the field, effectively reducing the incidence of soil-borne diseases in potatoes and improving potato growth before flowering.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle size of the broccoli residue powder is less than or equal to 250 μm.

[0011] Furthermore, the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0012] Furthermore, the adhesive is one of gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, soluble starch, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dextrin; the disintegrant is citric acid; the wetting agent is one of distilled water, 30% ethanol, 75% ethanol, and 95% ethanol; and the lubricant is magnesium stearate.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A method for preparing broccoli residue composite tablets includes raw material pretreatment, composition kneading, and tablet preparation. Specifically, the raw material pretreatment involves drying broccoli residues at a constant temperature of 40–110°C, followed by pulverization and sieving to obtain broccoli residue powder. The composition kneading involves uniformly mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, an adjuvant, and the broccoli residue powder, then slowly adding a wetting agent to form a soft mass. The tablet preparation involves compressing the soft mass into tablets, then drying the resulting tablets to obtain the broccoli residue composite tablets. The broccoli residue composite tablets prepared using this method retain the benefits of both broccoli residues and Bacillus subtilis, while avoiding the problems of poor preservation and transportation associated with fresh broccoli, and also avoiding the problem of powder flying off the plants when broccoli residues are directly applied to the field after drying.

[0014] Furthermore, in the raw material pretreatment, the temperature for constant-temperature drying of the broccoli residue is 60°C.

[0015] Furthermore, in the preparation of the tablets, the tablets are dried at a temperature of 50°C for 4 hours. The weight of the tablets does not change further during the drying process.

[0016] The third objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: Application of a broccoli residue compound tablet in the control of soil-borne diseases of potatoes.

[0017] Furthermore, the soil-borne diseases of potatoes include potato black scurf and potato wilt.

[0018] The fourth objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: Application of a broccoli residue compound tablet in promoting potato growth.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention: (1) The combination of broccoli residue powder and Bacillus subtilis powder can effectively prevent and control soil-borne diseases such as potato black scurf and potato wilt, and can also improve the growth of potatoes, which has broad application prospects.

[0020] (2) After drying the broccoli residue, it is made into tablets together with other components. It can be applied to the soil along with potato planting and dissolves after watering. This avoids the problem of high transportation and storage costs of fresh broccoli and also prolongs the duration of action of the active ingredients. In addition, the tablets have a smooth appearance and uniform color. No loose, cracked, or sticky tablets were found during the production process. The tablets have low loss and high strength, making them suitable for large-scale production. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. All Bacillus subtilis powder used in all embodiments are commercially available products.

[0022] Example 1: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g citric acid, 15mL 30% ethanol, and 0.14g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0023] Example 2: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g citric acid, 20mL 30% ethanol, and 0.1g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0024] Example 3: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.3g citric acid, 10mL 30% ethanol, and 0.12g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0025] Example 4: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.3g citric acid, 15mL 30% ethanol, and 0.1g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0026] Example 5: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g citric acid, 20mL 30% ethanol, and 0.12g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0027] Example 6: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g citric acid, 10mL 30% ethanol, and 0.1g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0028] Example 7: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g citric acid, 10mL 30% ethanol, and 0.14g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0029] Example 8: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.3g citric acid, 20mL 30% ethanol, and 0.14g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0030] Example 9: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 20g broccoli residue powder, 20g Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g citric acid, 15mL 30% ethanol, and 0.12g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of ≤250 μm; the Bacillus subtilis powder has an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0031] Example 10: A method for preparing a broccoli residue combination tablet, comprising raw material pretreatment, composition kneading, and tablet preparation.

[0032] The raw material pretreatment specifically involves drying broccoli residues at a constant temperature of 60°C, then pulverizing them using a pulverizer and passing the pulverized residues through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain broccoli residue powder. The composition preparation specifically involves adding Bacillus subtilis powder (with an effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶) to the mixture. 9 The broccoli residue powder (CFU / g), binder, disintegrant, lubricant, and binder are mixed evenly, and then a wetting agent is slowly added to form a soft mass (the amount of wetting agent added is such that the soft mass can be formed into a ball by hand and then crumbles when touched). The tablet preparation is as follows: the soft mass is placed in a tablet press for tableting, and then the tablets obtained after compression are dried at 50°C for 4 hours to obtain broccoli residue combination tablets.

[0033] The proportions of each component are as follows: 15-20 parts broccoli residue powder, 15-20 parts Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1-0.3 parts binder, 0.05-0.3 parts disintegrant, 0.1-0.14 parts lubricant, and 10-20 parts wetting agent; the binder is polyvinylpyrrolidone; the disintegrant is citric acid; the lubricant is magnesium stearate; and the wetting agent is 30% ethanol.

[0034] Comparative Example 1: A Bacillus subtilis tablet comprising the following components: 40g Bacillus subtilis powder (effective viable count of 1×10⁻⁶ cells / year). 9 The formula contains 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone (CFU / g), 0.1g citric acid, 20mL 30% ethanol, and 0.12g magnesium stearate. The effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0035] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Bacillus subtilis tablets includes: mixing 40g of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g of citric acid and 0.12g of magnesium stearate evenly, and then slowly adding 20mL of 30% ethanol to form a soft mass; placing the soft mass in a tablet press for tableting, and then drying the tablets obtained after pressing at 50℃ for 4 hours to obtain Bacillus subtilis tablets.

[0036] Comparative Example 2: A broccoli residue tablet comprising the following components: 40g broccoli residue powder, 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g citric acid, 20mL 30% ethanol, and 0.12g magnesium stearate. The broccoli residue powder has a particle size of less than or equal to 250 μm.

[0037] The preparation method of the above-mentioned broccoli residue tablets includes: drying broccoli residues at a constant temperature of 60°C, pulverizing them with a pulverizer, and passing the pulverized residues through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain broccoli residue powder; mixing 0.3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1g of citric acid, 0.12g of magnesium stearate with 40g of broccoli residue powder evenly, and then slowly adding 20mL of 30% ethanol to form a soft mass; placing the soft mass in a tablet press for tableting, and then drying the tablets obtained after compression at 50°C for 4 hours to obtain broccoli residue tablets.

[0038] Example 11: The broccoli residue combination tablets from Example 5 were used to control potato black scurvy and potato wilt, with a control efficacy of approximately 70% against potato black scurvy and potato wilt.

[0039] Example 12: Using the broccoli residue combination tablets from Example 5 to promote potato growth can improve the growth of potatoes before flowering.

[0040] Example 13: The broccoli residue combination tablets from Examples 1-9 were evaluated for tablet quality, including dissolution rate, appearance, tableting effect, consumption, and strength. The evaluation criteria are shown in Table 1, and the quality evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 1. Tablet Quality Evaluation Criteria

[0042] Table 2 Quality evaluation results of different tablets

[0043] Table 2 shows that the broccoli residue combination tablets from Examples 1-9 could all be compressed into tablets. Except for the addition of the binder (polyvinylpyrrolidone), which significantly affected the dissolution rate, the wetting agent (30% ethanol), lubricant (magnesium stearate), and disintegrant (citric acid) had minimal impact on tablet quality. The broccoli residue combination tablets from Examples 3 and 8 had a rougher appearance, while the broccoli residue combination tablets from Example 1 had poorer strength and were easily damaged, but still usable. The broccoli tablets treated with treatments 1, 2, 5, and 6 dissolved more slowly, but the solvent rate did not affect field use.

[0044] Based on a comprehensive evaluation of five indicators—dissolution rate, appearance, tableting effect, loss, and strength—all broccoli residue combination tablets from Examples 1-9 were deemed suitable for use. Among them, the broccoli residue combination tablet from Example 5, with its moderate hardness, good appearance, and acceptable loss rate, was the optimal choice.

[0045] Example 14: Experiments were conducted on the effects of different tablets on potato disease control and growth promotion.

[0046] When planting potatoes, the broccoli residue tablets of Example 5, the Bacillus subtilis tablets of Comparative Example 1, and the broccoli residue tablets of Comparative Example 2 were applied to the soil along with the potato sprouts, and then conventional watering and lighting procedures were carried out. A blank control was set up in which no products other than potato sprouts were applied to the soil. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0047] Table 3. Growth-promoting effects of different tablets on potatoes

[0048] Table 4. Disease control effects of different tablets on potatoes

[0049] As shown in Tables 3 and 4, the application of the broccoli residue combination tablets (containing broccoli residues and Bacillus subtilis) from Example 5 to the field, compared with the blank control, increased the fresh weight of potatoes by 15.37 g, the aboveground and underground plant lengths by 14.04 cm and 5.55 cm respectively, and the stem diameter by 2.61 cm, thus improving potato growth before flowering to a certain extent. Furthermore, its control efficacy against potato black scurf was 64.00%, and its control efficacy against potato wilt was 51.60%. Compared with using Bacillus subtilis alone or broccoli residues alone, the broccoli residue combination tablets from Example 5 showed improved efficacy in enhancing potato growth and controlling soil-borne diseases such as potato black scurf and wilt.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broccoli residue combination tablet, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts broccoli residue powder, 15-20 parts Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.1-0.3 parts binder, 0.05-0.3 parts disintegrant, 0.1-0.14 parts lubricant, and 10-20 parts wetting agent; The preparation method of the broccoli residue powder includes: drying the broccoli residue at a constant temperature of 40-60℃ and then pulverizing it, and then sieving it to obtain broccoli residue powder. The effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g; The adhesive is one of gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, soluble starch, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dextrin. The disintegrant is citric acid.

2. A broccoli residue combination tablet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the broccoli residue powder is less than or equal to 250 μm.

3. The broccoli residue combination tablet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wetting agent is one of distilled water, 30% ethanol, 75% ethanol, and 95% ethanol; the lubricant is magnesium stearate.

4. The method for preparing the broccoli residue combination tablets according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes raw material pretreatment, composition kneading, and tablet preparation; wherein: The specific pretreatment of the raw materials is as follows: the broccoli residues are dried at a constant temperature of 40-60°C and then pulverized. After pulverization, the residues are sieved to obtain broccoli residue powder. The specific process of kneading the composition involves mixing Bacillus subtilis powder, binder, disintegrant, wetting agent and broccoli residue powder evenly, and then adding wetting agent to form a soft material. The tablet preparation process specifically involves: compressing the soft material into tablets, and then drying the compressed tablets to obtain broccoli residue combination tablets.

5. A method for preparing a broccoli residue composite tablet according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the preparation of the tablets, the tablets are dried at a temperature of 50°C for a duration of 4 hours.

6. The application of the broccoli residue compound tablets according to claim 1 in the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of potatoes, characterized in that, The soil-borne diseases of potatoes mentioned are potato black scurf and / or potato wilt.

7. The application of the broccoli residue combination tablet as described in claim 1 in promoting potato growth.

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