An open-pit mine material falling automatic dust falling device and dust falling method

Abstract

An automatic dust suppression device and method for unloading material from an open-pit mine loading bin belongs to the field of intelligent equipment technology for facility agriculture. It includes a large-range industrial dust sensor installed in front of the loading bin's unloading inlet, and two infrared photoelectric sensors and diffuse reflection proximity switches symmetrically arranged in a straight line in front of and behind the loading bin's unloading inlet. A dust suppression water tank is also installed on one side of the loading bin, connected to a dust suppression spray pipe via a water outlet pipe. By performing dust suppression treatment on each loading bin entering a freight truck, the concentration and spray volume of dust suppressant used on subsequent vehicles are adjusted based on the dust suppression effect. The cost of dust suppression for each freight truck passing through is calculated based on a set weight value reflecting the mine's cost focus, electricity consumption price, and dust suppressant price, and is used to evaluate the dust suppression effect over a certain period. This method reduces the harm of secondary dust generated by material unloading from the loading bin to workers and the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent equipment technology for facility agriculture, and specifically relates to an automatic dust suppression device and method for open-pit mine material feeding. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit coal mine production processes are divided into intermittent, semi-continuous, and continuous processes. All three processes utilize loading bins or coal storage bins to store materials, which are then loaded into standard-load trailers through unloading ports. Their external structures are shown in the figure.

[0003] Open-pit coal mines are mostly located in desert areas, which are arid and have little rain all year round, with strong winds in all four seasons. In addition, there is a height difference between the material discharge point and the freight car compartment. Therefore, a large amount of secondary dust is generated in the loading bin (coal storage bin) during the unloading process, causing environmental pollution and posing a great threat to the health of the loading bin operators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic dust suppression device and method for open-pit mine material unloading, which solves the problem of dust pollution during the unloading process of existing loading bins or coal storage bins.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an automatic dust suppression device for unloading materials from an open-pit mine loading bin. Its key technical features include a large-range industrial dust sensor installed in front of the loading bin's unloading port, and two infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the loading bin's unloading port on the same straight line. The infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches are closer to the loading bin entrance than the large-range industrial dust sensor and are used to measure whether a vehicle has passed through. A dust suppression water tank is also installed on one side of the loading bin. The water tank is supplied with water through an inlet pipe with a water storage valve and connected to dust suppression spray pipes located around the loading bin's unloading port through an outlet pipe with an outlet valve. The spray heads are connected to the dust suppression spray pipes through inlet valves. The water storage valve and outlet valve are controlled by a PLC. Inside the dust suppression water tank, there is a mixer for mixing dust suppressant and water, and a level gauge for real-time monitoring of the water level. A dust suppressant control box controlled by a PLC is installed on the dust suppression water tank.

[0006] An automatic dust suppression method for open-pit mine material handling includes the following steps: performing dust suppression treatment on each loading compartment entering a freight truck; adjusting the concentration and spraying amount of dust suppressant used on subsequent vehicles based on the dust suppression effect; calculating the cost of dust suppression for each freight truck passing through based on the set weight value of the mine's cost focus, the price of electricity consumption, and the price of dust suppressant, for evaluating the dust suppression effect at a certain time period.

[0007] In the above scheme, the process of adjusting the concentration and spraying amount of dust suppressant for subsequent vehicles based on the dust reduction effect is as follows: The dust concentration values ​​inside the loading bay before the freight truck enters and the maximum dust concentration after entering the loading bay are obtained in real time. The difference between the two is taken as the extreme value of dust generation. The difference in dust control is obtained based on the average dust concentration inside the loading bay after the freight truck passes and the dust concentration before entering the loading bay. The difference between the extreme value and the difference is used to determine whether the dust reduction meets the requirements. If the requirements are met, the following vehicles will spray dust using the same amount of dust suppression agent used by the previous freight truck. If the requirements are not met, the following vehicles will spray dust suppression agents with an additional amount of inhibitor. After dust suppression, the dust reduction requirements will be judged again. If the requirements are not met, the amount of inhibitor will be increased by the same proportion when the next freight truck enters the dust suppression area. The above process is repeated until the amount of inhibitor added is sufficient to achieve the dust suppression effect inside the loading bay.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The automatic dust suppression device and method for open-pit mine material discharge includes a large-range industrial dust sensor installed in front of the material discharge port of the loading bin, and two infrared photoelectric sensors and diffuse reflection proximity switches symmetrically arranged in a straight line in front of and behind the material discharge port of the loading bin. A dust suppression water tank is also installed on one side of the loading bin, and the water tank is connected to a dust suppression spray pipe through a water outlet pipe. By performing dust suppression treatment on each loading bin entering a freight truck, the concentration and spray volume of dust suppressant used on subsequent vehicles are adjusted according to the dust suppression effect. The cost of dust suppression for each freight truck passing through is calculated based on the set weight value of the mine's cost focus, the price of electricity consumption, and the price of dust suppressant, which is used to evaluate the dust suppression effect at a certain time period. This method reduces the harm of secondary dust generated by material discharge from the loading bin to workers and the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a front view of the sensor layout of the automatic dust suppression device for unloading materials in the loading bin according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the sensor layout of the automatic dust suppression device for unloading materials in the loading bin according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Top view of the sensor layout for the automatic dust suppression device during material unloading in the loading bin; Figure 4 This is a front view of the dust concentration reduction spray pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Flowchart of post-dust reduction evaluation method in loading compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-6 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0012] The automatic dust suppression device for unloading materials in the open-pit mine loading silo used in this embodiment includes a large-range industrial dust sensor 1, two infrared photoelectric sensors and diffuse reflection proximity switches 2, a dust suppression spray pipe 3, a dust suppressant control box 4, a level gauge 5, a liquid mixer 6, a silo dust suppression water tank 7 with an inlet pipe 8 and an outlet pipe 9, a PLC controller 10, a dust suppression spray pipe inlet valve 11, and a dust suppression spray pipe spray head 12.

[0013] (1) Install various components Two infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches are symmetrically installed at the center positions 50cm in front of the loading port of the freight truck and 50cm behind the loading port of the freight truck. The primary principle of installation is that the opening and closing of the loading port should not affect the normal monitoring of the proximity switches. Figure 1 As shown in the figure. A large-range industrial dust sensor 1 is installed 10cm in front of the material unloading port of the freight truck at the center position to monitor the dust concentration below the hopper in real time. The position distribution is as follows. Figure 1 As shown. Install one set of dust suppression spray pipes around the unloading port of the loading compartment at a distance of no less than 50cm, as shown in the installation position. Figure 1 As shown. The three-view diagram of the dust suppression spray pipe is as follows. Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, a dust suppression water tank 7 is deployed next to the loading compartment. Inside the water tank, there is a level gauge 5, a liquid mixer 6, and a dust suppressant control box 4. The level gauge 5 is used to monitor the water level in the dust suppression water tank 7 in real time. The liquid mixer 6 is used to automatically mix the added dust suppressant with the water in the tank. The dust suppressant control box 4 is used to periodically replenish the dust suppression water tank 7. The infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switch 2, the large-range industrial dust sensor 1, the level gauge 5, the liquid mixer 6, and the dust suppressant control box 4 are all connected to the PLC controller in the loading compartment's central control room.

[0014] (2) Real-time acquisition of water volume in the dust suppression tank of the warehouse and automatic addition of dust suppressant.

[0015] like Figure 1As shown, the dust suppression water tank 7 in the warehouse has water inlet at the upper left and water outlet at the lower right. Its inlet pipe 8 is equipped with a water storage valve, and its outlet pipe 9 is equipped with a water outlet valve. Both the water storage valve and the water outlet valve are controlled by a PLC controller, which automatically performs physical dust suppression in real time. Simultaneously, a level gauge 5 monitors the remaining water level in the tank. When the water level is detected to be below 20cm, the PLC controller automatically opens the water storage valve and simultaneously activates the dust suppressant control box 4 to add an appropriate amount of dust suppressant. The liquid mixer 6 is then started to ensure the dust suppressant in the warehouse dust suppression water tank 7 is fully mixed with the water. When the level gauge 5 detects that the water level in the warehouse dust suppression water tank 7 is above 1.8m, the water storage valve and the liquid mixer 6 are automatically shut off.

[0016] (3) Real-time acquisition of dust concentration from loading bins like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the large-scale industrial dust sensor 1 is connected to the PLC controller via a wired connection to obtain the dust concentration near the loading compartment in real time.

[0017] (4) Automatic start-stop loading bin dust suppression device like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the dust concentration of the material falling from the silo is determined according to the occupational health standard, with a total dust concentration a ≤ 6.0 mg / m³. When the value ai ≥ a monitored by the large-scale industrial dust sensor 1, and both infrared photoelectric sensors and diffuse reflection proximity switches 2 detect that a freight vehicle is passing under the silo, the PLC controller automatically controls the start of the dust suppression water pump in the silo dust suppression water tank 7 and opens the water outlet valve at the lower right of the silo dust suppression water tank 7 to provide sufficient water for the dust suppression spray pipe. This utilizes physical dust suppression measures to reduce the harm of dust to workers and the environment.

[0018] This embodiment employs an automatic dust suppression method for open-pit mine material feeding, implemented using the aforementioned device, and includes the following steps: Dust suppressant is sprayed through dust spray pipe 3. A large-range industrial dust sensor 1 is used to obtain the dust concentration under the silo in real time after the dust suppressant is sprayed. The results are fed back to the server system in real time via fiber optic communication. The server system compares and analyzes the values ​​obtained by the sensor before and after spraying, and formulates a post-event evaluation report on the automatic dust suppression system for loading silos. The method for formulating the post-event evaluation report is as follows: ① Assuming there are a total of 100 freight trucks i on that day, before i is about to pass, the dust concentration Ai1 under the loading compartment is obtained in real time, and the water volume Bi1 of the dust-reducing water tank under the compartment and the current power consumption Ci1 are recorded. ② During the passage of freight vehicle i, the dust concentration Ai2 under the loading compartment is obtained in real time, and the maximum dust concentration measured during the calculation is Ai2max; ③ After the freight vehicle i passes through, the dust concentration Ai3 under the loading compartment is obtained in real time, the arithmetic average value of the dust concentration measurement after the process is calculated, and the water volume Bi3 in the dust-reducing water tank under the compartment and the current power consumption Ci3 are recorded. ④ Calculate and obtain the range of dust generated during the passage of freight vehicles: Ai4 = Ai2max - Ai1; ⑤ Calculate and obtain the difference in dust control before and after the freight vehicle passes through, Ai5 = Ai3am - Ai1; ⑥ Calculate and obtain the difference in dust control caused by the passing freight vehicle, Ai6 = Ai2max - Ai3am; ⑥ Calculate the dust suppressant consumption Bi=Bi3-Bi1 and the electricity consumption Ci=Ci3-Ci1 after the freight vehicle passes through; ⑦ Based on a comparison between the local electricity price and the price of dust suppressant and the amount of dust reduction, the mine determines the weights a, b, and c, and calculates Di = bBi + cCi - aAi6; ⑧ When Di≤0 and Ai5≥0, increase the concentration of dust suppressant or increase the amount of dust suppressant sprayed; ⑨ When freight car i+1 passes through, repeat the process from ① to ⑧. After all 100 freight cars have passed through, obtain a post-event evaluation report on dust reduction using this method by comparing Ai4, Ai5, Ai6 and Di. This report is used to assess the dust reduction effect of material falling from the loading bin in open-pit mines, and at the same time, reduce the harm of secondary dust generated by material falling from the loading bin to workers and the environment.

[0019] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic dust falling method for a stockyard material falling of a strip mine loading yard, characterized in that An automatic dust suppression device for unloading materials from an open-pit mine loading bin is employed. The device includes a large-range industrial dust sensor positioned in front of the loading bin's unloading port, and two infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches symmetrically positioned in front of and behind the loading bin's unloading port, on the same straight line. The infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches are closer to the loading bin entrance than the large-range industrial dust sensor to measure whether a vehicle is passing through. A dust suppression water tank is also installed on one side of the loading bin. Water enters the tank through an inlet pipe with a water storage valve and is connected to dust suppression spray pipes positioned around the loading bin's unloading port through an outlet pipe with an outlet valve. Spray heads are connected to the dust suppression spray pipes through inlet valves. The water storage valve and outlet valve are controlled by a PLC. Inside the dust suppression water tank, there is a mixer for mixing dust suppressant and water, and a level gauge for real-time monitoring of the water level. A dust suppressant control box controlled by a PLC is installed on the dust suppression water tank. The PLC is configured as follows: The system receives real-time water level signals from the level gauge; when the water level is below 20cm, it automatically controls the water storage valve to open, controls the dust suppressant control box to add dust suppressant, and starts the mixer; when the water level is above 1.8m, it automatically controls the water storage valve to close and stops the mixer. And, when the dust concentration value monitored by the large-range industrial dust sensor is greater than or equal to 6.0 mg / m³, and the signals from the two infrared photoelectric sensor diffuse reflection proximity switches are detected by the passing of the freight vehicle, the water outlet valve is opened. The process includes the following steps: dust suppression treatment is carried out on each loading compartment of the freight truck; the concentration and amount of dust suppressant sprayed on subsequent vehicles are adjusted according to the dust suppression effect; the cost of dust suppression for each freight truck is calculated based on the set weight value of the mine's cost focus, the price of electricity consumption and the price of dust suppressant, and is used to evaluate the dust suppression effect at a certain time period. The process of adjusting the concentration and spraying amount of dust suppressant for subsequent vehicles based on the dust reduction effect is as follows: The dust concentration values ​​inside the loading bay before the freight truck enters and the maximum dust concentration after entering the loading bay are acquired in real time. The difference between the two is taken as the extreme value of dust generation. The difference between the average dust concentration inside the loading bay after the freight truck passes and the dust concentration before entering the loading bay is calculated. The comparison between the extreme value and the difference is used to determine whether the dust suppression meets the requirements. If the requirements are met, the following vehicles will spray dust using the same amount of dust suppression agent as the previous freight truck. If the requirements are not met, the following vehicles will spray dust suppression agents with an additional amount of inhibitor. After dust suppression, the dust suppression requirements will be assessed again. If the requirements are not met, the amount of inhibitor will be increased by the same proportion when the next freight truck enters the dust suppression bay. The above process is repeated until the amount of inhibitor added is sufficient to achieve the dust suppression effect inside the loading bay that meets the requirements.

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