A multi-directional adaptable cable saddle and slewing system

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-directional adaptable cable-swing saddle and its slewing system, relating to the field of suspension bridge technology. The multi-directional adaptable cable-swing saddle includes a saddle body and a saddle seat. A swing shaft is provided on the side of the saddle body near the saddle seat. The surface of the swing shaft that contacts the saddle seat is curved, while the surface of the saddle seat that contacts the swing shaft is flat. Several jacks are provided between the saddle seat and the saddle body. The ends of the jacks are rotatably connected to the saddle seat and the saddle body, respectively. The angle between the axis of each jack and its fixed end surface is an acute angle. No base plate is provided on the underside of the saddle body. The suspension bridge slewing system includes a main cable saddle, a parallel cable saddle, and the multi-directional adaptable cable-swing saddle. This invention uses jacks to bear the weight of the saddle body, eliminating the need for a base plate on the underside of the saddle body, thus solving the problem of high frictional resistance during the jacking process. The provided suspension bridge slewing system can improve the construction efficiency and safety of system conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of suspension bridge technology, specifically relating to a multi-directional adaptive cable saddle and its rotation system. Background Technology

[0002] As a cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridges, with their strong span capacity, rational stress distribution, and ability to fully utilize strength, have become the preferred bridge type for extra-long span bridges worldwide. A slewing cable refers to a main cable arrangement where the main cable starts from an anchorage on one bank, circles around an anchorage on the opposite bank, and returns to be anchored back to the starting anchorage. The main cable strands pass continuously at the slewing anchorage, utilizing a slewing system to achieve strand rotational anchoring. Unlike traditional discontinuous anchoring methods, slewing cables can fully utilize the self-balancing characteristics of the main cable and optimize the anchorage structure and anchorage configuration.

[0003] The cable saddle, a large steel component that assists in the rotation of the main cable saddle, can balance the forces on the anchorage. During the conversion of a suspension bridge system, the unbalanced forces on the main cables on both sides of the bridge tower are significant. To ensure the structural safety of the bridge tower under unbalanced thrust, it is often necessary to install pre-deflection of the main cable saddle and the cable saddle, and to employ multiple jacking operations using the "small steps, fast pace" principle during the system conversion process. As the system conversion progresses, a new and efficient rotation system urgently needs to be researched.

[0004] Traditional cable saddles rely on PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) plates to achieve low friction during construction, allowing for jacking. However, even with anti-slip materials, significant resistance remains during jacking, posing considerable challenges to subsequent jacking operations. Furthermore, imbalances in cable force within and on either side of the saddle during jacking can easily cause the main cable to detach. Therefore, using cable saddles with low-friction materials has significant drawbacks and limitations in application.

[0005] It is evident that eliminating the PTFE plate and the base plate of the saddle can significantly reduce the friction experienced by the saddle body during jacking, thereby reducing the difficulty of jacking. However, without the support of the base plate, the weight of the saddle body will inevitably act on the jack, generating a huge lateral force. Existing jacks have limited capacity to withstand lateral forces during use, and under the weight of the saddle body, they are prone to bending, oil leakage, and breakage at connections, resulting in insufficient operational reliability.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-directional adaptable cable saddle with advantages such as low jacking resistance and structural stability, in order to solve the problem of high frictional resistance when using existing cable saddles for jacking construction.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a suspension bridge slewing system that can easily adjust unbalanced cable forces during jacking construction, thereby improving the efficiency of system conversion construction.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A saddle with multi-directional adaptability includes a saddle body and a saddle seat. A swing shaft is provided on the side of the saddle body near the saddle seat. The surface of the swing shaft that contacts the saddle seat is curved, and the surface of the saddle seat that contacts the swing shaft is flat. Several jacks are provided between the saddle seat and the saddle body. The ends of the jacks are rotatably connected to the saddle seat and the saddle body, respectively. The angle between the axis of the jack and the fixed surface of its end is an acute angle. No base plate is provided on the lower side of the saddle body.

[0011] Preferably, the pendulum axis includes a first pendulum axis and a second pendulum axis, the first pendulum axis coincides with the plane of symmetry of the saddle body, and the first pendulum axis and the second pendulum axis are not parallel.

[0012] Preferably, the first pendulum axis and the second pendulum axis intersect in a cross shape.

[0013] Preferably, the number of jacks is even, and any two adjacent jacks form the adjacent sides of a triangle.

[0014] Preferably, the first and second swing axes intersect in a cross shape, and the number of jacks is 6, with the jacks symmetrically arranged along the first swing axis.

[0015] Preferably, at least two of the jacks have parallel axes and are simultaneously parallel to the first swing axis.

[0016] Preferably, the jack includes a sleeve and a telescopic part, the telescopic part can extend or retract from the sleeve, the sleeve is provided with a piston for pushing the telescopic part, and a spring is provided between the piston and the telescopic part.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a suspension bridge slewing system, comprising:

[0018] Main cable saddle, which is set on the central axis of the anchorage;

[0019] The cable saddles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the anchor's central axis;

[0020] A parallel cable saddle, wherein the parallel cable saddle is located on the side of the saddle away from the main cable saddle;

[0021] The cable saddle is selected from any of the above-mentioned cable saddles with multidirectional adaptability.

[0022] Preferably, the lines connecting the main cable entering and exiting the slewing system with the slewing saddle and the parallel saddle form a set of parallel lines.

[0023] Preferably, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle protrudes outward in an arc shape.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention eliminates the bottom plate and polytetrafluoroethylene plate at the bottom of the saddle, pulls the saddle with multiple inclined jacks, and sets a swing shaft between the saddle body and the saddle seat. The swing shaft is used to hold the saddle seat, thereby reasonably distributing the weight of the saddle body to the jacks, ensuring a stable connection between the saddle body and the saddle seat without the need for bottom plate support.

[0026] (2) In this invention, the jack is tilted and can rotate relative to the saddle body and saddle seat. It can convert the weight of the saddle body into a pulling force or a compressive force on the jack, so that the force direction of the jack is as close as possible to its axis, thereby eliminating the lateral force on the jack and solving the problem of the jack being easily damaged. In addition, since the jack can rotate, by changing the length of the telescopic part of the jack, the saddle body can rotate around the axis of the first swing shaft, thereby replacing the pushing of the saddle with the swing of the saddle body, so that the unbalanced cable force can reach a balanced state.

[0027] (3) In addition to the horizontal pressure, the main cable also exerts a vertical gravity on the saddle. In this invention, the first pendulum axis and the second pendulum axis are in a cross shape. While the saddle moves horizontally around the axis of the first pendulum axis, it can also rotate around the axis of the second pendulum axis, thereby generating a vertical deflection to overcome the gravity of the main cable and provide better support for the main cable.

[0028] (4) The suspension bridge slewing system provided by the present invention includes a parallel cable saddle, which can ensure that the main cable remains constant during the time interval between entering and exiting the slewing system, and can prevent the main cable from being displaced too much during the jacking process, thus affecting the external structure of the bridge tower. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 A perspective view of a multi-directional adaptive cable saddle provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of a multi-directional adaptive cable saddle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the jack in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a front view of the jack in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the jack structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the rotary system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Saddle body; 2. Saddle seat; 3. Swing shaft; 4. Jack; 5. Main cable saddle; 6. Swing cable saddle; 7. Parallel cable saddle; 301. First swing shaft; 302. Second swing shaft; 401. First jack; 402. Second jack; 403. Third jack; 404. Sleeve; 405. Telescopic part; 406. Piston; 407. Spring; 408. First oil chamber; 409. Second oil chamber; 410. Oil pump. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection or a connection that allows communication between the two components; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components, an indirect connection, or an interaction between two components.

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0043] This invention addresses the problem of high frictional resistance during jacking operations using current cable-saddle systems by providing a multi-directional adaptable cable-saddle, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the multi-directional adaptable saddle includes a saddle body 1 and a saddle seat 2 that are movably connected. A swing shaft 3 is provided on the side of the saddle body 1 near the saddle seat 2. The surface of the swing shaft 3 that contacts the saddle seat 2 is curved, while the surface of the saddle seat 2 that contacts the swing shaft 3 is flat, allowing the swing shaft 3 to roll on the surface of the saddle seat 2 and causing the saddle body 1 to swing. Several jacks 4 are provided between the saddle seat 2 and the saddle body 1. The ends of the jacks 4 are rotatably connected to the saddle seat 2 and the saddle body 1, respectively. The angle between the axis of the jacks 4 and the fixed surface of their ends is an acute angle. No base plate is provided on the lower side of the saddle body 1.

[0044] This invention solves the problem of damage caused by the misalignment of the force direction with the axis of the jack 4 by setting an inclined jack 4 between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2, and rotatably connecting the ends of the jack 4 to the saddle seat 2 and the saddle body 1 respectively, so that the axial direction of the jack 4 is as consistent as possible with the direction of the resultant force it receives. This allows the jack 4 to withstand the pressure or tension applied by the saddle body 1 in the horizontal direction, as well as the weight of the saddle body 1. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for an additional base plate to support the saddle body 1, thus preventing the lower side of the saddle body 1 from being affected by friction and significantly reducing the resistance encountered when the cable saddle 6 is pushed.

[0045] During the jacking process, the force exerted by the main cable on the saddle 1 includes not only pressure but also the weight of the main cable itself. This results in the force exerted by the main cable on the saddle 1 not being in the horizontal direction. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the swing shaft 3 includes a first swing shaft 301 and a second swing shaft 302. The first swing shaft 301 coincides with the plane of symmetry of the saddle 1, and the first swing shaft 301 and the second swing shaft 302 intersect in a cross shape, allowing the saddle 1 to obtain a certain degree of freedom in the vertical plane. Under the pushing and pulling action of the jack 4, the saddle 1 can deflect in the vertical direction, thereby completely offsetting the force exerted by the main cable on the saddle 1 and improving the stability of the main cable.

[0046] In this invention, the number of jacks 4 is even, and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first swing shaft 301. At least two jacks 4 have parallel axes and are also parallel to the first swing shaft 301, so that the saddle body 1 can deflect in the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located.

[0047] More specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, there are a total of 6 jacks 4, with 3 pairs on both sides of the first swing shaft 301, named the first jack 401, the second jack 402, and the third jack 403 respectively. As shown in the figure, the connection point of the first jack 401 with the saddle body 1 is close to the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located, and the connection point with the saddle seat 2 is located at a distance on both sides of the first swing shaft 301; the second jack 402 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first swing shaft 301, and its connection point with the first jack 401 on the saddle seat 2 is close to the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located; the connection point of the third jack 403 with the saddle seat 2 is close to the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located, and the connection point with the saddle body 1 is close to the end of the second jack 402.

[0048] With the above configuration, the connection points of the first jack 401, the third jack 403 and the saddle body 1 form a triangle, and any two adjacent jacks 4 form adjacent sides of the triangle. The connection points of the second jack 402, the third jack 403 and the saddle seat 2 form a triangle. That is, the jacks 4 and the saddle body 1 or the saddle seat 2 form a "three-point" connection structure, thus possessing relatively high structural stability.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the jack 4 includes a sleeve 404 and a telescopic part 405. The telescopic part 405 can extend or retract from the sleeve 404. A piston 406 for pushing the telescopic part 405 is provided inside the sleeve 404. A spring 407 is provided between the piston 406 and the telescopic part 405.

[0050] A hydraulic cylinder is provided at one end of the sleeve 404 away from the telescopic part 405. One end of the piston 406 divides the hydraulic cylinder into a first oil chamber 408 and a second oil chamber 409 that are not connected to each other. The first oil chamber 408 and the second oil chamber 409 are connected by a pipe outside the hydraulic cylinder. An oil pump 410 is provided on the pipe. When the oil pump 410 works, the volume of hydraulic oil in the first oil chamber 408 and the second oil chamber 409 changes, which pushes the piston 406 to move relative to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0051] When adjusting the deflection angle of the saddle body 1 using jacks 4, the magnitude and direction of the force on each jack 4 will change. It is necessary to adjust the extension / retraction length of each jack 4 separately, and this adjustment must be performed synchronously. However, the extension / retraction of the jacks 4 relies on hydraulic oil to push the piston 406, which has a relatively slow response speed, making it difficult to achieve simultaneous extension / retraction of multiple jacks 4 to different degrees. This leads to uneven force on individual jacks 4 during the adjustment process, resulting in damage to the jacks 4. This invention addresses this problem by incorporating a spring 407. Before the piston 406 of the jack 4 begins to move, the spring 407 can extend / retract, allowing the extension / retraction part 405 of the jack 4 to move to a certain extent under external force. This provides the piston 406 with sufficient time for adjustment and balances the force between the piston 406 and the extension / retraction part 405.

[0052] The present invention also provides a suspension bridge slewing system, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes:

[0053] Main cable saddle 5 is set on the central axis of the anchorage, and its bottom is fixed by a grid pre-embedded in the anchorage;

[0054] The cable saddle 6 is selected from the above-mentioned cable saddle with multi-directional adaptability, and two are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the anchorage.

[0055] Parallel cable saddle 7 is located on the side of the saddle 6 away from the main cable saddle 5 and is symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the anchorage.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the saddle seats 2 of the two parallel cable saddles 7 is equal to or greater than the distance between the saddle seats 2 of the two rotating cable saddles 6. With this setting, when the saddle body 1 of the rotating cable saddle 6 rotates, the main cable can always maintain a safe distance from the external structure of the bridge tower, reducing the safety risks during the jacking construction.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle 7 protrudes outward in an arc shape. With this setting, when the cable saddle 6 deflects, no matter which direction it deflects, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle 7 can adapt to the deformation of the main cable, ensuring that the main cable will not come out of the parallel cable saddle 7 due to excessive deformation.

[0058] The method for constructing a suspension bridge system conversion using the aforementioned rotary system is as follows:

[0059] S1. Install the main cable saddle 5, the swivel cable saddle 6, and the parallel cable saddle 7 onto the anchorage, and keep the jack 4 of the swivel cable saddle 6 stationary.

[0060] S2. Lay the main cable;

[0061] S3, pushing the main cable saddle 5 and parallel cable saddle 7, and simultaneously adjusting the deflection angles of the first swing shaft 301 and the second swing shaft 302 through the jack 4, reducing the force difference of the main cables on both sides of the saddle body 1 of the slewing saddle 6; through the synchronous extension and retraction of the jacks 4 on both sides of the first swing shaft 301, the saddle body 1 can be deflected along the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located, so that the cable force on both sides of the saddle body 1 of the slewing saddle 6 is balanced or the deviation is reduced; through the pulling of the jack 4 on the upper side of the first swing shaft 301 and the pushing of the jack 4 on the lower side, the saddle body 1 can be deflected along the plane where the second swing shaft 302 is located, so that the force exerted by the main cable on the saddle body 1 of the slewing saddle 6 is completely coincided with the plane where the first swing shaft 301 is located, thereby making the saddle body 1 reach a state of force balance and preventing the main cable from coming off the saddle groove of the slewing saddle 6;

[0062] S4. After the jacking is completed, the first swing shaft 301, the second swing shaft 302, and the jack 4 of the cable saddle 6 are fixed by pouring concrete.

[0063] In summary:

[0064] This invention uses multiple inclined jacks 4 to hold the saddle body 1, and sets a swing shaft 3 between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2. The swing shaft 3 abuts against the saddle seat 2, thereby reasonably distributing the weight of the saddle body 1 to the jacks 4. This ensures a stable connection between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2 without the need for a base plate support, eliminates the frictional force on the lower side of the saddle body 1, and reduces the resistance during jacking. By setting a first swing shaft 301 and a second swing shaft 302 in a cross shape, the saddle body 1 can be deflected in the vertical direction to counteract the weight of the main cable and prevent the main cable from coming off the saddle groove 6 of the cable saddle.

[0065] The suspension bridge slewing system provided by this invention, by adopting the aforementioned cable saddle 6, can reduce the resistance of the jacking construction and improve the construction efficiency; by setting the parallel cable saddle 7, it can ensure that the time distance of the main cable in and out of the slewing system remains unchanged, which can prevent the main cable displacement from being too large during the jacking process and affecting the external structure of the bridge tower, thereby improving the construction efficiency and safety of the suspension bridge system conversion construction.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle, comprising a saddle body and a saddle seat, characterized in that, A swing shaft is provided on the side of the saddle body near the saddle seat. The surface of the swing shaft that contacts the saddle seat is curved, while the surface of the saddle seat that contacts the swing shaft is flat. Several jacks are provided between the saddle seat and the saddle body. The ends of the jacks are rotatably connected to the saddle seat and the saddle body, respectively. The angle between the axis of the jack and the fixed surface of its end is an acute angle. No base plate is provided on the lower side of the saddle body.

2. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing shaft includes a first swing shaft and a second swing shaft. The first swing shaft coincides with the plane of symmetry of the saddle body along the cable direction, and the first swing shaft and the second swing shaft are not parallel.

3. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first pendulum axis and the second pendulum axis intersect in a cross shape.

4. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of jacks is even, and any two adjacent jacks form the adjacent sides of a triangle.

5. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second pendulum axes intersect in a cross shape, and there are 6 jacks, which are symmetrically arranged along the first pendulum axis.

6. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The axes of at least two of the jacks are parallel and simultaneously parallel to the first pendulum axis.

7. A multi-directional adaptive cable saddle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The jack includes a sleeve and a telescopic part. The telescopic part can extend or retract from the sleeve. A piston for pushing the telescopic part is provided inside the sleeve. A spring is provided between the piston and the telescopic part.

8. A suspension bridge slewing system, characterized in that, include: Main cable saddle, which is set on the central axis of the anchorage; The cable saddles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the anchor's central axis; A parallel cable saddle, wherein the parallel cable saddle is located on the side of the saddle away from the main cable saddle; The cable saddle is selected from any of the cable saddles with multidirectional adaptability as described in claims 1 to 7.

9. A suspension bridge slewing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lines connecting the main cable entering and exiting the slewing system with the slewing saddle and the parallel cable saddle form a set of parallel lines.

10. A suspension bridge slewing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle protrudes outward in an arc shape.

Images