Self-adjusting scouring-preventing slope ecological restoration structure and application method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adjusting anti-scouring slope ecological restoration structure and an application method, which comprises self-expanding anchor rods arranged on a slope body, water storage push rods arranged in the self-expanding anchor rods, and planting box bottoms connected with the water storage push rod top portions penetrating through planting sleeve plates. When the slope body is restored, the application effectively simplifies the restoration process and construction steps, reduces the required manpower and material cost, and is applicable to slopes with different slopes and inconvenient water diversion. The construction only needs to sequentially install components according to steps to quickly and efficiently restore and green the slopes. For small and medium-sized recessed parts on the slope, the construction method avoids backfilling and excavation, directly uses the self-expanding anchor rods to be nailed into the recessed pits, and installs the planting sleeve plates on the upper parts of the self-expanding anchor rods to cover the recessed pit positions, so that the restoration can be quickly completed, the subsequent rainwater accumulation and scouring are avoided, and the slope body is effectively stabilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope restoration technology, and in particular to a self-adjusting anti-erosion slope ecological restoration structure and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Construction projects inevitably damage the local ecological environment, especially during road construction. Excavation significantly disturbs the soil on rocky slopes, leading to conditions such as loosening and surface subsidence. Excavation exposes the soil, destabilizes the original slope structure, and causes ecological damage. Prolonged exposure of rocky slopes poses serious environmental safety risks, including severe soil erosion, reduced slope stability, and slow ecological restoration.

[0003] The existing defects in depression filling structures are: 1. Prior art document CN219100077U discloses an ecological restoration structure for erosion-resistant steep slopes. The protected claim "includes mining slopes, on which chain link mesh is fixed by anchors, a soil matrix layer is laid on top of the mining slope, and a seed layer is laid on top of the soil matrix layer. The anchors include wooden anchors and steel anchors. The chain link mesh is fixed to the mining slope by multiple rows of anchors arranged side-by-side. This utility model selects different anchors for construction based on different slope characteristics. Especially for the characteristics of loose rock layers in original soil-rock slopes, fish-scale-shaped seepage pipes are added to the repair project of damaged areas. These fish-scale-shaped seepage pipes are spaced apart from the wooden and iron anchors, providing both load-bearing capacity and drainage function, enabling timely drainage of seepage water from the slope foundation and preventing rainwater accumulation that could damage the slope." However, this structure lacks an automatic irrigation function. During the early growth stage of plants, water replenishment is necessary, but the method of rainfall-based water replenishment is highly uncertain, and the slope lacks maintenance after repair. Therefore, an automatic irrigation structure is required.

[0004] 2. Prior art document CN113174971B discloses a structure and method for treating local depressions during ecological restoration of rock slopes. The protected claim includes a support frame fixed inside the depression, wherein the remaining space inside the depression, except for the support frame, is filled with expanding foam. After the expanding foam solidifies, its surface is cut into a transverse serrated outline, and a concrete canvas is laid on top. After the concrete canvas is watered and solidified, a vegetation substrate can be laid on top. The design used in this invention combines a wooden support frame with expanding foam. The structure is designed to form a lightweight support structure, while utilizing the material properties of the concrete canvas to connect it to the surrounding slope. This aims to reduce or even eliminate the negative impact of the depression on ecological restoration projects at a lower cost and with less weight. However, this structure and method neglects the need for watering during the laying of the concrete canvas and vegetation substrate. Working on steep slopes presents challenges due to the inconvenience of water diversion and the uneconomical nature of carrying water. Directly using spraying would result in water waste; therefore, a more efficient water resource utilization method is needed. 3. Prior art document CN214508603U discloses an intelligent irrigation system for roadside slope greening, the protected claim "including an irrigation system, a computer terminal, a soil moisture sensor, a power supply system, a water level and temperature sensor, a water storage tank, a network terminal, and a water supply system. This utility model, through network terminal detection and control, can meet the irrigation needs of slopes with large elevation differences, and adapt to roadside slope greening sprinkler irrigation in different geographical and climatic regions; it can effectively reduce irrigation costs, reduce water waste, ensure the growth of slope greening plants, and thus improve the living environment of residents." However, its automatic irrigation components are mainly composed of electronic components, which are costly, and are prone to damage under natural conditions, making later maintenance inconvenient.

[0005] The unevenness and depressions caused by extensive excavation make slopes more fragile, and the exposed slopes lack vegetation cover, which greatly restricts the restoration of the ecological environment. Traditional methods for repairing uneven slopes and depressions are complicated, require a lot of building materials and manpower, and have high time and cost. In some steep slopes or arid areas, water diversion and manual construction are inconvenient, making the implementation of traditional slope ecological restoration methods difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a self-adjusting anti-erosion slope ecological restoration structure and application method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a self-adjusting anti-erosion slope ecological restoration structure, including a self-expanding anchor rod installed on the slope, wherein a water-storing push rod is provided inside the self-expanding anchor rod, and the top of the water-storing push rod passes through the vegetation cover plate and is connected to the bottom of the vegetation box.

[0008] Preferably, the self-expanding anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt cylinder, an expansion strip is provided inside the anchor bolt cylinder, a rotatable anchoring knife is hinged to the bottom of the anchor bolt cylinder, and an anchor bolt head is provided at the bottom end of the anchor bolt cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the expansion strip is provided with water bags and expansion bags at intervals inside, one end of the expansion strip is provided with a hook and passes through the opening at the lower end of the anchor rod cylinder, the hook is engaged with the through hole of the vegetation sleeve plate, and a soil squeezing cone is provided near the opening of the anchor rod head.

[0010] Preferably, the components in the expansion bag are as follows by weight: 1-2 parts phosphogypsum, 1-2 parts PVC plastic granules, 5-6 parts cement, 1-2 parts sand, and 0.5 parts expansion agent.

[0011] Preferably, the water storage push rod includes a water storage cylinder, the upper part of which is a water storage area, the lower part is an expansion area, and a movable water-pushing piston is set in the middle area. The water storage area is filled with water, and the expansion area is filled with water-absorbing and expanding rubber. A push rod head is set at the bottom of the water storage cylinder. A switch cylinder is vertically arranged inside the water storage cylinder. A switch rod is arranged inside the switch cylinder. The surface of the switch rod is provided with spikes. A water supply bag is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the switch cylinder near the spikes. The bottom of the switch rod is connected to the bottom of the switch cylinder through a compression spring. A seepage hole is opened on the surface of the switch cylinder in the expansion area.

[0012] Preferably, the planting sleeve plate is hinged with overlapping plates on both sides, the upper surface of the planting sleeve plate is provided with a mating protrusion that matches the groove at the bottom of the planting box, the inside of the planting sleeve plate is provided with a through hole that matches the self-expanding anchor rod, and small anchor nails are provided at the bottom of both ends of the planting sleeve plate.

[0013] Preferably, the planting box includes a box body with an open top, and arc-shaped clamping grooves on both sides of the box body. An arc-shaped sliding plate is provided in the arc-shaped clamping groove and slides therewith. The lower side of the arc-shaped sliding plate is hinged to one end of the lever connector. The middle area of ​​the lever connector is hinged to the rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are located on the side of the box body. The other end of the lever connector has a long groove and is hinged to a limiting shaft. The bottom of the limiting shaft is connected to the bottom of the box body by a spring. The area of ​​the lever connector near the long groove is provided with water-absorbing material.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the box body is provided with multiple water storage boxes, which are fixed to the bottom of the box body by a limiting plate. Hollow anchors are inserted through the bottom of the box body, and the bottom of the hollow anchors is inserted into the top of the water storage push rod. The bottom of the box body and the surface of the limiting plate are provided with mounting holes for inserting hollow anchors and through holes for inserting switch rods.

[0015] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for applying the above-mentioned self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean up the small protrusions on the slope surface and fill the depressions with the cleaned-up loose soil to initially level the slope; Step 2: Place a vegetation cover at the toe of the slope and fix the small anchor nails at the lower end of the vegetation cover into the slope to increase its stability. Determine the point where the self-expanding anchor will be driven in based on the through hole of the vegetation cover. At the predetermined point, fix the expansion strip with hooks extending from the lower end of the self-expanding anchor into the through hole of the vegetation cover. Then drive the self-expanding anchor into the slope. During this process, the expansion strip is pulled out by the reverse pull provided by the hook and enters the slope along with the self-expanding anchor. As the expansion strip goes deeper into the slope, it is cut open by the blade of the rotatable anchoring knife. The components inside the expansion strip and water undergo an expansion reaction. Step 3: Push the water storage push rod into the bottom of the self-expanding anchor rod, push the remaining expansion strip out of the anchor rod cylinder and make the rotatable anchoring knife pop out, so that the expansion strip can fully react and form a mutual anchoring effect with the rotatable anchoring knife; Step 4: Install the vegetation cover from bottom to top. Use the overlapping plates on both sides to connect the adjacent vegetation cover to form a whole, which increases stability and assists in slope drainage. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the vegetation cover covers the entire slope. Step 5: Pass the switch rod through the through hole at the bottom of the box and the surface of the limiting plate, then align the bottom of the planting box with the pre-reserved mating protrusion on the surface of the planting sleeve plate to initially fix the planting box. Then install hollow anchors at the pre-reserved mounting holes at the bottom of the planting box. The hollow anchors connect the self-expanding anchor rods and the planting box, fixing the planting box, the planting sleeve plate, and the self-expanding anchor rods into a whole. Step Six: At this point, there is no water inside the vegetation layer of the box. The construction worker presses the switch rod by hand, and the switch rod moves downward, causing the spikes to puncture the water supply bag. Water flows into the expansion zone through the seepage hole, causing the water-absorbing and expanding rubber to absorb water and undergo an expansion reaction. This pushes the water-pushing piston upward, which in turn pushes the water in the water storage area to rise. The water in the water storage area enters the box through the hollow anchor and is stored and accumulated in the water storage box. Step 7: Place soil substrate bags in the vegetation layer area inside the box. The water supply inside the box serves as a condition for seed germination in the soil substrate bags. Step 8: Open the overlapping plates between the planting sleeves, fill the gaps between the planting sleeves with broken soil, and compact it to increase the stability of the device. Replace the overlapping plates to complete the construction.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes: Step Nine: During rainfall, the water-absorbing material area of ​​the lever connector near the long groove absorbs rainwater and increases in weight. During the weight rebalancing process, the lever connector rotates, causing one end of the lever connector to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate to slide upwards along the arc-shaped clamping groove. When the two arc-shaped sliding plates close together, they stop moving, thus sealing the top of the box and forming a barrier to prevent rainwater erosion and soil nutrient loss. Excess water inside the box can be stored in the water storage box or enter the water storage area through the hollow anchors for accumulation. When the rainfall stops, the water absorbed by the water-absorbing material of the lever connector near the long groove gradually evaporates. Under the change of its own weight and the action of the spring force, the lever connector rotates back to its original position. One end of the lever connector drives the arc-shaped sliding plate to slide downwards along the arc-shaped clamping groove, causing the top of the box to reopen. Through the evaporation of rainwater stored in the water storage box and the water storage area, water can be supplied to the soil matrix inside the box again.

[0017] Beneficial effects of this invention: 1. The self-expanding anchor of this invention is easy to construct and highly efficient. The expansion strip can penetrate deeper into the soil as the self-expanding anchor is driven into the soil, uniformly filling the slope depth along with the self-expanding anchor without the need for additional grouting steps. The expansion strip contains small water bags and expansion bags arranged alternately, with the total water volume slightly more than the water volume required for the expansion reaction. During the driving of the self-expanding anchor into the slope, the expansion strip is cut open by the blade of the rotatable anchoring knife, and the expansion material comes into contact with the water and begins to react, without the need for subsequent water supply. When driven to the predetermined depth, the rotatable anchoring knife is pushed out using a water-storage push rod. The rotatable anchoring knife anchors with the reacting expansion strip, which can effectively increase the stability and pull-out resistance of the self-expanding anchor.

[0018] 2. The water storage push rod of the present invention is divided into two layers, an outer layer including a water storage area, a water pushing piston, and an expansion area, and an inner layer including a push rod containing a switch rod, a water bag, a seepage cylinder, and a bottom spring. The water storage push rod is in a silent state before and during installation to avoid adverse effects during transportation and construction. When the construction personnel press the switch rod, they will puncture the water bag and activate the water storage push rod.

[0019] 3. The vegetation cover plate of the present invention is combined with the self-expanding anchor rod. After the expansion strip of the self-expanding anchor rod reacts, it can make the slope more compact and stable. The anchor rod cylinder can also provide anchoring for the soil. The vegetation cover plate placed on the slope surface and connected to each other can assist the water storage push rod to collect rainwater and drain excess rainwater, effectively reducing the erosion effect on the slope surface.

[0020] 4. During rainfall, the water-absorbing material area of ​​the lever connector near the long groove absorbs rainwater and increases in weight. During the weight rebalancing process, the lever connector rotates, causing one end of the lever connector to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate to slide upward along the arc-shaped clamping groove. When the two arc-shaped sliding plates close together, they stop moving, thus sealing the top of the box and forming a shield to prevent rainwater erosion and loss of soil nutrients. Excess water inside the box can be stored in the water storage box or enter the water storage area through the hollow anchor nails for accumulation. When the rainfall stops, the water absorbed by the water-absorbing material of the lever connector near the long groove gradually evaporates. Under the change of its own weight and the action of the spring force, the lever connector rotates back to its original position, and one end of the lever connector drives the arc-shaped sliding plate to slide downward along the arc-shaped clamping groove, causing the top of the box to reopen. Through the evaporation of rainwater stored in the water storage box and the water storage area, water can be supplied to the soil matrix inside the box again.

[0021] 5. This invention effectively simplifies the repair process and construction steps when repairing slopes, reducing the required manpower and material costs. For slopes with uneven gradients and inconvenient water diversion, construction only requires installing the components step by step for quick and efficient repair and greening. For small and medium-sized depressions on slopes, this construction method avoids backfilling and excavation. Self-expanding anchors are directly driven into the depressions and vegetation covers are installed on top to quickly complete the repair and prevent subsequent rainwater accumulation and erosion, effectively stabilizing the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-adjusting anti-scour slope ecological restoration structure applied to a slope. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the plant growth box when the top is open; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the plant growth box when the top is closed; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A top view of the distribution of the rotating shaft, springs, mounting holes, and through holes in the central plant growth box; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the plant growth plate; Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central water storage push rod; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the thin rod of the switch is installed inside the thin cylinder of the switch; Figure 9 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure before the self-expanding anchor is installed on the slope. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a self-adjusting anti-erosion slope ecological restoration structure includes a self-expanding anchor 2 installed on the slope 1. The self-expanding anchor 2 is provided with a water storage push rod 3. The top of the water storage push rod 3 passes through the vegetation cover plate 4 and is connected to the bottom of the vegetation box 5.

[0025] Preferably, the self-expanding anchor bolt 2 includes an anchor bolt cylinder 2.1, an expansion strip 2.2 is provided inside the anchor bolt cylinder 2.1, a rotatable anchoring knife 2.3 is hinged to the bottom of the anchor bolt cylinder 2.1, and an anchor bolt head 2.4 is provided at the bottom end of the anchor bolt cylinder 2.1.

[0026] Preferably, the expansion strip 2.2 is provided with water bags and expansion bags at intervals inside, and one end of the expansion strip 2.2 is provided with a hook 2.2.1, which passes through the opening 2.1.1 at the lower end of the anchor rod cylinder 2.1. The hook 2.2.1 is engaged with the through hole 4.1 of the vegetation sleeve plate 4, and the anchor rod head 2.4 is provided with a soil squeezing cone 2.4.1 near the opening 2.1.1.

[0027] Preferably, the components in the expansion bag are as follows by weight: 1-2 parts phosphogypsum, 1-2 parts PVC plastic granules, 5-6 parts cement, 1-2 parts sand, and 0.5 parts expansion agent.

[0028] Preferably, the water storage push rod 3 includes a water storage cylinder, the upper part of which is a water storage area 3.1, the lower part is an expansion area 3.3, and a movable water push piston 3.2 is provided in the middle area. The water storage area 3.1 is filled with water, and the expansion area 3.3 is filled with water-absorbing and expanding rubber. A push rod head 3.5 is provided at the bottom of the water storage cylinder. A switch cylinder 3.4 is vertically provided inside the water storage cylinder. A switch rod 3.4.1 is provided inside the switch cylinder 3.4. The surface of the switch rod 3.4.1 is provided with spikes 3.4.2. A water supply bag 3.4.3 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the switch cylinder 3.4 near the spikes 3.4.2. The bottom of the switch rod 3.4.1 is connected to the bottom of the switch cylinder 3.4 through a compression spring 3.4.4. A seepage hole 3.4.5 is opened on the surface of the switch cylinder 3.4 in the area of ​​the expansion area 3.3. In this embodiment, the compression spring 3.4.4 can provide support for the switch rod 3.4.1. Only when the switch rod 3.4.1 is pressed by hand will it move down, causing the spike 3.4.2 to puncture the water supply bag 3.4.3.

[0029] Preferably, the planting sleeve plate 4 is hinged with overlapping plates 4.4 on both sides, the upper surface of the planting sleeve plate 4 is provided with a mating protrusion 4.2 that matches the bottom groove of the planting box 5, the inside of the planting sleeve plate 4 is provided with a through hole 4.1 that matches the self-expanding anchor rod 2, and small anchor nails 4.3 are provided at the bottom of both ends of the planting sleeve plate 4.

[0030] Preferably, the planting box 5 includes a box body 5.3 with an open top. The box body 5.3 has arc-shaped clamping grooves 5.2 on both sides. An arc-shaped sliding plate 5.1 is provided in the arc-shaped clamping groove 5.2 and slides therewith. The lower side of the arc-shaped sliding plate 5.1 is hinged to one end of the lever connector 5.4. The middle area of ​​the lever connector 5.4 is hinged to the rotating shaft 5.5. The two ends of the rotating shaft 5.5 are located on the side of the box body 5.3. The other end of the lever connector 5.4 has a long groove 5.6 and is hinged to a limiting shaft 5.7. The bottom of the limiting shaft 5.7 is connected to the bottom of the box body 5.3 by a spring 5.8. The area of ​​the lever connector 5.4 near the long groove 5.6 is provided with water-absorbing material. In this embodiment, in order to ensure that when one end of the lever connector 5.4 rotates, it can drive the arc-shaped slide plate 5.1 to rotate along the arc-shaped clamping plate groove 5.2, the distance from one end of the lever connector 5.4 to the rotating shaft 5.5 is also the radius of the arc-shaped slide plate 5.1 and the arc-shaped clamping plate groove 5.2. At the same time, in order to ensure that the movement of the connection position between the lever connector 5.4 and the arc-shaped slide plate 5.1 is not blocked, an arc-shaped guide groove is also provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped clamping plate groove 5.2 and the box 5.3 to guide the movement of the connection position between the lever connector 5.4 and the arc-shaped slide plate 5.1.

[0031] Preferably, the bottom of the box body 5.3 is provided with a plurality of water storage boxes 5.9, the water storage boxes 5.9 are fixed to the bottom of the box body 5.3 by a limiting plate 5.10, a hollow anchor nail 5.11 is provided through the bottom of the box body 5.3, and the bottom of the hollow anchor nail 5.11 is inserted into the top of the water storage push rod 3. The bottom of the box body 5.3 and the surface of the limiting plate 5.10 are provided with mounting holes 5.12 for the hollow anchor nail 5.11 and through holes 5.13 for the switch rod 3.4.1.

[0032] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for applying the above-mentioned self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean up the small protrusions on the surface of slope 1 and fill the depressions with the cleaned-up loose soil to initially level the slope; Step 2: Place the vegetation cover plate 4 at the toe of slope 1 and fix the small anchor nail 4.3 at the lower end of the vegetation cover plate 4 into the slope 1 to increase its stability. Determine the point where the self-expanding anchor rod 2 will be driven in according to the through hole 4.1 of the vegetation cover plate 4. At the predetermined point, fix the expansion strip 2.2 with hook 2.2.1 extending from the lower end of the self-expanding anchor rod 2 into the through hole 4.1 of the vegetation cover plate 4. Then drive the self-expanding anchor rod 2 into the slope 1. During this process, the expansion strip 2.2 is pulled out by the reverse pull provided by the hook 2.2.1 and enters the slope 1 along with the self-expanding anchor rod 2. As the expansion strip 2.2 penetrates into the slope 1, it is cut open by the blade of the rotatable anchoring knife 2.3. The components inside the expansion strip 2.2 and water undergo an expansion reaction. Step 3: Push the water storage push rod 3 into the bottom of the self-expanding anchor rod 2, push the remaining expansion strip 2.2 out of the anchor rod cylinder 2.1 and make the rotatable anchoring knife 2.3 pop out, so that the expansion strip 2.2 reacts completely and forms a mutual anchoring effect with the rotatable anchoring knife 2.3; Step 4: Install the vegetation cover 4 in a bottom-up laying sequence. Use the overlapping plates 4.4 on both sides to connect the adjacent vegetation cover 4 to form a whole, increase stability and assist in slope drainage. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the vegetation cover 4 covers the entire slope. Step 5: Pass the switch rod 3.4.1 through the through hole 5.13 on the bottom of the box 5.3 and the surface of the limiting plate 5.10. Then, align the bottom of the planting box 5 with the pre-reserved mating protrusion 4.2 on the surface of the planting sleeve plate 4 to initially fix the planting box 5. Then, install the hollow anchor 5.11 at the pre-reserved mounting hole 5.12 at the bottom of the planting box 5. The hollow anchor 5.11 connects the self-expanding anchor rod 2 and the planting box 5, fixing the planting box 5, the planting sleeve plate 4, and the self-expanding anchor rod 2 into a whole. Step Six: At this point, there is no water inside the vegetation layer in box 5.3. The construction worker presses the switch rod 3.4.1 by hand. The switch rod 3.4.1 moves downward, causing the spike 3.4.2 to puncture the water supply bag 3.4.3. Water flows into the expansion zone 3.3 through the seepage hole 3.4.5, causing the water-absorbing and expanding rubber to absorb water and undergo an expansion reaction. This pushes the water-pushing piston 3.2 upward, which in turn pushes the water in the water storage zone 3.1 upward. The water in the water storage zone 3.1 enters the box 5.3 through the hollow anchor nail 5.11 and is stored and accumulated in the water storage box 5.9. Step 7: Place soil substrate bags in the vegetation layer area inside box 5.3. The water supply inside box 5.3 serves as a condition for seed germination in the soil substrate bags. Step 8: Open the overlapping plate 4.4 between the vegetation cover plates 4, fill the gap between the vegetation cover plates 4 with broken soil and compact it to increase the stability of the device, put the overlapping plate 4.4 back, and the construction is completed.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes: Step Nine: During rainfall, the water-absorbing material area of ​​the lever connector 5.4 near the long groove 5.6 absorbs rainwater and increases in weight. During the weight rebalancing process, the lever connector 5.4 rotates, causing one end of the lever connector 5.4 to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate 5.1 to slide upwards along the arc-shaped clamping plate groove 5.2. When the two arc-shaped sliding plates 5.1 close together, they stop moving, thus sealing the top of the box 5.3 (as shown). Figure 4 As shown), this forms a shield, preventing soil nutrient loss due to rainwater erosion. Excess water inside box 5.3 can be stored in water storage box 5.9 and enter the water storage area 3.1 through hollow anchor nails 5.11. When rainfall stops, the water absorbed by the absorbent material near the long groove 5.6 of lever connector 5.4 gradually evaporates. Under the change of its own weight and the elastic force of spring 5.8, lever connector 5.4 rotates back to its original position. One end of lever connector 5.4 drives the arc-shaped sliding plate 5.1 to slide down along the arc-shaped clamp groove 5.2, causing the top of box 5.3 to reopen (as shown). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the soil matrix in the box 5.3 can be watered again through the evaporation of rainwater stored in the water storage box 5.9 and the water storage area 3.1.

[0034] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure, comprising self-expanding anchors (2) installed on the slope (1), characterized in that: The self-expanding anchor (2) is provided with a water-storing push rod (3), the top of which passes through the planting sleeve plate (4) and is connected to the bottom of the planting box (5); the self-expanding anchor (2) includes an anchor cylinder (2.1), an expansion strip (2.2) is provided inside the anchor cylinder (2.1), a rotatable anchoring knife (2.3) is hinged to the bottom of the anchor cylinder (2.1), and an anchor head (2.4) is provided at the bottom end of the anchor cylinder (2.1); the water-storing push rod (3) includes a water-storing cylinder, the upper part of which is a water storage cylinder. The water storage area (3.1) has an expansion area (3.3) at the bottom and a movable water-pushing piston (3.2) in the middle. The water storage area (3.1) is filled with water, and the expansion area (3.3) is filled with water-absorbing and expanding rubber. A push rod head (3.5) is provided at the bottom of the water storage cylinder. A switch cylinder (3.4) is vertically arranged inside the water storage cylinder. A switch rod (3.4.1) is provided inside the switch cylinder (3.4). The surface of the switch rod (3.4.1) is provided with spikes (3.4.2). The inner wall of the switch cylinder (3.4) is close to the spikes. A water supply bag (3.4.3) is fixedly installed in the area of ​​(3.4.2). The bottom of the switch rod (3.4.1) is connected to the bottom of the switch cylinder (3.4) through a compression spring (3.4.4). A seepage hole (3.4.5) is opened on the surface of the switch cylinder (3.4) in the area of ​​the expansion zone (3.3). The planting box (5) includes a box body (5.3) with an open top. The box body (5.3) has arc-shaped clamping grooves (5.2) on both sides. An arc-shaped sliding plate (5.2) is provided in the arc-shaped clamping groove (5.2) and slides therein. 5.1) The lower side of the arc-shaped sliding plate (5.1) is hinged to one end of the lever connector (5.4). The middle area of ​​the lever connector (5.4) is hinged to the rotating shaft (5.5). The two ends of the rotating shaft (5.5) are located on the side of the box body (5.3). The other end of the lever connector (5.4) is provided with a long groove (5.6) and is hinged through a limiting shaft (5.7). The bottom of the limiting shaft (5.7) is connected to the bottom of the box body (5.3) through a spring (5.8). The area of ​​the lever connector (5.4) near the long groove (5.6) is provided with water-absorbing material.

2. The self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion strip (2.2) is provided with water bags and expansion bags at intervals inside. One end of the expansion strip (2.2) is provided with a hook (2.2.1) and passes through the opening (2.1.1) at the lower end of the anchor rod cylinder (2.1). The hook (2.2.1) is matched with the through hole (4.1) of the vegetation sleeve plate (4). The anchor rod head (2.4) is provided with a soil squeezing cone (2.4.1) near the opening (2.1.1).

3. The self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The components in the expansion bag, by weight, are as follows: 1-2 parts phosphogypsum, 1-2 parts PVC plastic granules, 5-6 parts cement, 1-2 parts sand, and 0.5 parts expansion agent.

4. The self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting sleeve plate (4) is hinged on both sides with overlapping plates (4.4), the upper surface of the planting sleeve plate (4) is provided with a mating protrusion (4.2) that matches the bottom groove of the planting box (5), the inside of the planting sleeve plate (4) is provided with a through hole (4.1) that matches the self-expanding anchor rod (2), and small anchor nails (4.3) are provided at the bottom of both ends of the planting sleeve plate (4).

5. The self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the box body (5.3) is provided with multiple water storage boxes (5.9). The water storage boxes (5.9) are fixed to the bottom of the box body (5.3) by a limiting plate (5.10). A hollow anchor nail (5.11) is provided at the bottom of the box body (5.3). The bottom of the hollow anchor nail (5.11) is inserted into the top of the water storage push rod (3). The bottom of the box body (5.3) and the surface of the limiting plate (5.10) are provided with mounting holes (5.12) for inserting the hollow anchor nail (5.11) and through holes (5.13) for inserting the switch rod (3.4.1).

6. An application method of the self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean up the small protrusions on the surface of the slope (1) and fill the depressions with the cleaned-up loose soil to initially level the slope; Step 2: Place a vegetation cover plate (4) at the foot of the slope (1) and fix the small anchor nail (4.3) at the lower end of the vegetation cover plate (4) in the slope (1) to increase its stability. According to the through hole (4.1) of the vegetation cover plate (4), confirm the point where the self-expanding anchor rod (2) is to be driven in. At the predetermined point, fix the expansion strip (2.2) with hook (2.2.1) extending from the lower end of the self-expanding anchor rod (2) to the through hole (4.1) of the vegetation cover plate (4). Then drive the self-expanding anchor rod (2) into the slope (1). During this process, the expansion strip (2.2) is pulled out by the reverse pull provided by the hook (2.2.1) and enters the slope (1) along with the self-expanding anchor rod (2). During the process of penetrating the slope (1), the expansion strip (2.2) is cut open by the blade of the rotatable anchoring knife (2.3). The components in the expansion strip (2.2) and water undergo an expansion reaction. Step 3: Push the water storage push rod (3) into the bottom of the self-expanding anchor rod (2), push the remaining expansion strip (2.2) out of the anchor rod cylinder (2.1) and make the rotatable anchoring knife (2.3) pop out, so that the expansion strip (2.2) reacts completely and forms a mutual anchoring effect with the rotatable anchoring knife (2.3); Step 4: Install the vegetation cover (4) in a bottom-up laying sequence. Use the overlapping plates (4.4) on both sides to connect the adjacent vegetation cover (4) to make the adjacent vegetation cover (4) a whole, increase stability and assist in slope drainage. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the vegetation cover (4) covers the slope. Step 5: Pass the switch rod (3.4.1) through the through hole (5.13) on the bottom of the box (5.3) and the surface of the limiting plate (5.10). Then, align the bottom of the planting box (5) with the pre-reserved mating protrusion (4.2) on the surface of the planting sleeve plate (4) to initially fix the planting box (5). Then, install the hollow anchor (5.11) at the pre-reserved mounting hole (5.12) at the bottom of the planting box (5). The hollow anchor (5.11) connects the self-expanding anchor rod (2) and the planting box (5) to fix the planting box (5), the planting sleeve plate (4), and the self-expanding anchor rod (2) into a whole. Step Six: At this time, there is no water inside the vegetation layer in the box (5.3). The construction worker presses the switch rod (3.4.1) by hand. The switch rod (3.4.1) moves downward, causing the spike (3.4.2) to pierce the water supply bag (3.4.3). Water flows into the expansion zone (3.3) through the seepage hole (3.4.5), causing the water-absorbing and expanding rubber to absorb water and undergo an expansion reaction. This pushes the water-pushing piston (3.2) upward. The water-pushing piston (3.2) pushes the water in the water storage zone (3.1) to rise. The water in the water storage zone (3.1) enters the box (5.3) through the hollow anchor (5.11) and is stored and accumulated in the water storage box (5.9). Step 7: Place soil substrate bags in the vegetation layer area inside the box (5.3) to replenish the water in the box (5.3) as a condition for seed germination in the soil substrate bags; Step 8: Open the overlapping plate (4.4) between the vegetation cover plates (4), fill the gap between the vegetation cover plates (4) with broken soil and compact it to increase the stability of the device, put the overlapping plate (4.4) back in, and complete the construction.

7. The application method of the self-adjusting erosion-resistant slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes: Step Nine: During rainfall, the area of ​​the water-absorbing material near the long groove (5.6) of the lever connector (5.4) absorbs rainwater and gains weight. During the weight rebalancing process, the lever connector (5.4) rotates, causing one end of the lever connector (5.4) to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate (5.1) to slide upward along the arc-shaped clamp groove (5.2). When the arc-shaped sliding plates (5.1) on both sides close, they stop moving, thus sealing the top of the box (5.3), forming a shield to prevent soil nutrient loss due to rainwater erosion. Excess water in the box (5.3) is stored in the water storage box (5.9) and through the hollow anchor nails (5.9). .11) It enters the water storage area (3.1) and accumulates; when the rainfall stops, the water absorbed by the water-absorbing material of the lever connector (5.4) near the long groove (5.6) gradually evaporates. Under the change of its own weight and the elastic force of the spring (5.8), the lever connector (5.4) rotates back to its original position. One end of the lever connector (5.4) drives the arc-shaped slide plate (5.1) to slide down along the arc-shaped clamp groove (5.2), so that the top of the box (5.3) reopens, and through the evaporation of the rainwater accumulated in the water storage box (5.9) and the water storage area (3.1), water is supplied to the soil matrix in the box (5.3) again.

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