Variable cross-section tunnel model supporting device and supporting method

Abstract

The application discloses a variable-section tunnel model supporting device and a supporting method, and solves the problems of great difficulty and low efficiency in tunnel model supporting in the prior art, and has the beneficial effect of effectively realizing variable-section tunnel model supporting, and the specific scheme is as follows: a variable-section tunnel model supporting device comprises a supporting sheet, one end of the supporting sheet is fixed in a shell, the shell is hollow, the other end of the supporting sheet is inserted into the shell after the supporting sheet is curled into multiple turns, and a pressing part is in abutment with the side of the free end of the supporting sheet through the shell; a workbench supports a multidimensional movement unit, the multidimensional movement unit is connected with a moving block, the moving block is connected with the fixed end of a linear reciprocating movement unit, the extension direction of the linear reciprocating movement unit is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the moving block, the extension end of the linear reciprocating movement unit is connected with a radial telescopic feeler, the radial telescopic feeler comprises multiple telescopic units, and one end of each telescopic unit is rotatably installed on the extension end of the linear reciprocating movement unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering tunnel model establishment technology, and in particular to a variable cross-section tunnel model support device and support method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In establishing a variable cross-section tunnel model, for tunnel models with a small cross-section in the initial excavation section and a large cross-section in the subsequent section, support must be provided for the large cross-section tunnel to ensure its stability and safe and effective use. Support is the most crucial step in normal construction. If cracking, subsidence, or displacement occurs in the initial support, it can lead to the collapse of the tunnel model, affecting subsequent simulation work. Therefore, inadequate support during tunnel model establishment will negatively impact the simulation.

[0004] The inventors discovered that because the tunnel model is small, and the large section is excavated after the small section is excavated, the support structure needs to enter the large section tunnel model through the small section tunnel model, which makes the support work more difficult and inconvenient to construct. Moreover, in the scheme of setting up a small section tunnel model behind the large section tunnel model, the small section tunnel model also needs to be supported. The existing technology mainly relies on manual support, which has the problem of low work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, which can support a large cross-section tunnel model through a small cross-section tunnel model.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A variable cross-section tunnel model support device, comprising: The support plate has one end fixed inside the housing, which is hollow. After the support plate is rolled up into multiple loops, the other end of the support plate is inserted into the housing. The clamping member passes through the housing and abuts against the side of the free end of the support plate. The workbench supports a multi-dimensional motion unit, which is connected to a moving block. The moving block is connected to the fixed end of a linear reciprocating motion unit. The extension and retraction direction of the linear reciprocating motion unit is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the moving block. The extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit is connected to a radial extension and retraction tentacles. The radial extension and retraction tentacles include multiple extension and retraction units. One end of the extension and retraction unit is rotatably mounted on the extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit, and the other end of the extension and retraction unit supports the retracted support plate. The control unit, linear reciprocating motion unit, and telescopic unit are each connected to the control unit separately.

[0007] As described above, the support device has a worktable that can drive a moving block to achieve multi-directional movement. The moving block is connected to a linear reciprocating motion unit. The radial telescopic tentacles can support the curled support plate. The linear reciprocating motion unit can drive the radial telescopic tentacles into the first tunnel model and then into the second tunnel model. After the support plate reaches the support position, the movement of each telescopic unit can drive the support plate to expand, thereby supporting the second tunnel model. This solves the problem of difficult support for variable cross-section tunnel models and ensures the support effect.

[0008] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, the telescopic unit is used to support the end of the support plate and a pressure sensor is installed. The pressure sensor is connected to the control unit. The pressure sensor can obtain the pressure value between the telescopic unit and the inner wall of the tunnel model and send it to the control unit. The control unit controls whether each telescopic unit stops extending based on the information sent by the pressure sensor.

[0009] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, an opening is provided on one side of the housing, and a clamping member is inserted into the opening of the housing. The clamping member is equivalent to a plug inserted into the opening on the side of the housing. During the extension process of the telescopic unit, the support plate can break free from the force of the clamping member and realize the expansion of the support plate.

[0010] In the variable cross-section tunnel model support device described above, to further ensure that the support plate does not open during the movement of the radially telescopic tentacles, the clamping element is a bolt, which is screwed into the opening on the side of the housing.

[0011] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, at least one of the telescopic units is provided with a rotational power source at one end for supporting the support plate. The rotational power source is connected to a screwdriver structure, which can loosen or tighten the clamping member. By aligning the screwdriver structure with the clamping member at the housing and rotating it, the clamping member can be loosened, thereby facilitating the expansion of the support plate. The rotational power source is connected to the control unit.

[0012] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, the radial telescopic tentacles include at least three telescopic units, with an angle set between adjacent telescopic units.

[0013] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, one end of the telescopic unit is fixed to a connector, the connector is detachably installed on one end of a rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the telescopic end of the linear reciprocating motion unit. Multiple telescopic units can be integrated into one unit through the connector, which facilitates disassembly or installation.

[0014] As described above, in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device, the telescopic unit is an electric push rod; The linear reciprocating motion unit is an electric telescopic rod.

[0015] As described above, a variable cross-section tunnel model support device includes a multi-dimensional motion unit comprising two columns perpendicular to the workbench, a crossbeam perpendicular to the columns, the crossbeam being movable along the columns, and the moving block being movable along the crossbeam. The movable block is arranged to surround the crossbeam.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for supporting a variable cross-section tunnel model, employing the aforementioned variable cross-section tunnel model support device, comprising the following: The fixed platform is placed on the entrance side of the first tunnel model, and the linear reciprocating motion unit is set towards the first tunnel model; The telescopic ends of each telescopic unit in the radial telescopic tentacles are supported by a support plate that is curled into multiple rings. The linear reciprocating motion unit extends, and the linear reciprocating motion unit drives the radial telescopic tentacles through the first tunnel model and into the second tunnel model; Each telescopic unit of the radial telescopic tentacles extends, and under the action of the telescopic units, the support plate that has curled into multiple rings detaches from the clamping member. The support plate that has curled into multiple rings gradually opens under the support of each telescopic unit until the support plate contacts the inner wall of the second tunnel model, thus completing the support of the second tunnel model.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) The support device provided by the present invention has a worktable that can drive a moving block to achieve multi-directional movement. The moving block is connected to a linear reciprocating motion unit. The radial telescopic tentacles can support the curled support plate. The linear reciprocating motion unit can drive the radial telescopic tentacles into the first tunnel model and into the second tunnel model. After the support plate reaches the support position, the action of each telescopic unit can drive the support plate to expand, thereby supporting the second tunnel model. This solves the problem of difficult support for variable cross-section tunnel models and ensures the support effect.

[0018] 2) The entire support device of the present invention is provided in which the radial telescopic tentacles are initially in a retracted state. The linear reciprocating motion unit can drive the radial telescopic tentacles through the first tunnel model without touching it, regardless of whether the first tunnel model is a tunnel model with a smaller or larger cross section. Then, the radial telescopic tentacles can smoothly pass through or enter the second tunnel model, regardless of whether it supports a tunnel model with a larger or smaller cross section. The radial telescopic tentacles can extend to drive the expansion of the support plates to achieve effective support for the tunnel model without manual intervention, thus fully ensuring work efficiency.

[0019] 3) The present invention uses a housing to fix one end of the support plate to the housing. The support plate is curled up and is pressed against the support plate by a clamping member passing through the housing. During the extension of the telescopic unit, the force acting on the support plate is greater than the force of the clamping member on the support plate, and the support plate gradually expands, thereby achieving support for the tunnel model.

[0020] 4) This invention takes into account that some larger cross-section second tunnel models are elliptical or that the support device is set with deviations. Pressure sensors are set at the ends of the telescopic units. The pressure sensors can obtain the pressure value between the telescopic unit and the inner wall of the tunnel model and send it to the control unit. This overcomes the problems that the distance between the support plate and the inner wall of the tunnel model is different at different points and that it is impossible to determine the degree of fit between the support plate and the inner wall of the tunnel model at different points. The control unit can control each telescopic unit to extend to different lengths. By observing the values ​​fed back by each pressure sensor, it can be determined whether each part of the support plate is completely fitted to the inner wall of the tunnel model.

[0021] 5) In this invention, bolts are used as clamping components to ensure the stability of the support plate during movement and to avoid contact with the first tunnel model. By setting screwdriver structural components in some telescopic units, the screwdriver can be loosened or tightened, which greatly facilitates the expansion of the support plate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the end of the crossbeam and the column in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the moving block and the crossbeam in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linear reciprocating motion mechanism and radial telescopic tentacles in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a support plate curled into multiple rings in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion support of the support plate in a variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0030] The components are: 1. First gear, 2. First rack, 3. Crossbeam, 4. Column, 5. Workbench, 6. Screwdriver structure, 7. Controller, 8. Linear reciprocating motion mechanism, 9. Telescopic unit, 10. Clamping component, 11. Support plate, 12. Housing, 13. Moving block, 14. Rotating shaft, 15. Second gear, 16. Second rack, 17. Connecting component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0032] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. As described in the background section, existing technologies suffer from difficulties or low efficiency in supporting the inner tunnel model of a variable cross-section tunnel model. To address these technical problems, this invention proposes a variable cross-section tunnel model support device.

[0033] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, a variable cross-section tunnel model support device includes: Support plate 11, one end of support plate 11 is fixed inside housing 12, housing 12 is hollow, after support plate 11 is rolled into multiple loops, the other end of support plate is inserted into housing 12, clamping member 10 passes through housing and abuts against the side of free end of support plate 11 to achieve abutment of the looped support plate; Workbench 5 supports a multi-dimensional motion unit. The multi-dimensional motion unit is connected to a moving block 13. The moving block 13 is connected to the fixed end of a linear reciprocating motion unit 8. The extension and retraction direction of the linear reciprocating motion unit 8 is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the moving block 13. The extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit 8 is connected to a radial extension and retraction tentacles. The radial extension and retraction tentacles include multiple extension and retraction units 9. One end of the extension and retraction unit 9 is rotatably installed on the extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit. The other end of the extension and retraction unit 9 supports the retracted support plate 11. The control unit, linear reciprocating motion unit, and telescopic unit are each connected to the control unit separately.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the multidimensional motion unit includes two columns 4, each 18-2.5m high. The columns 4 are perpendicular to the worktable 5, which can be rectangular and has a set height. The worktable 5 can be provided with threaded holes, through which anchor bolts are passed to fix the entire device to one side of the tunnel model. The two columns 4 support the crossbeam 3, and the top of the two columns is provided with connecting rods perpendicular to the columns 4. The crossbeam 3 is perpendicular to the columns 4 and can move along the columns 4. The moving block 13 can move along the crossbeam 3. The moving block 13 is arranged around the crossbeam 3 and is hollow, through which the crossbeam 3 passes.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the crossbeam 3 has openings at both ends, and the column 4 passes through the openings. The crossbeam 3 has a first shaft at the opening, and a first gear 1 is arranged circumferentially on the first shaft. The first shaft is connected to a first power source, and the first gear 1 meshes with a first rack 2 arranged in the height direction of the column 4. The first power source drives the first shaft and the first gear to move, and the crossbeam 3 and the moving block 13 move along the column 4 under the action of the first rack 2.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 As shown, a second gear is installed inside the moving block 13. The second gear is mounted on the second shaft, which is connected to the second power source. A second rack 16 is installed along the length of the crossbeam 3. The second gear 15 meshes with the second rack 16. When the second power source is activated, it drives the second gear to rotate through the second shaft. Under the action of the second rack, the moving block moves along the crossbeam.

[0037] It should be explained that both the first power source and the second power source are rotary motors, and each power source is connected to the control unit separately.

[0038] In some examples, an opening is provided on one side of the housing 12, and the clamping member 10 is inserted into the opening of the housing 12. The clamping member is equivalent to a plug inserted into the opening on the side of the housing. The clamping member can press down the support plate that will curl up, but it is not completely locked. During the extension of the telescopic unit, the support plate can break free from the force of the clamping member, so as to realize the expansion of the support plate 11.

[0039] In other examples, to further ensure that the support plate 11 does not open during the movement of the radial telescopic tentacles and to ensure the stability of the coiled support plate 11, the clamping element is a bolt. The bolt is screwed into the opening on the side of the housing 12. When the support plate 11 is placed at the end of the radial telescopic tentacles, the support plate is clamped by manually screwing the bolt into the opening on the side of the housing.

[0040] Accordingly, at least one end of the telescopic unit used to support the support plate is provided with a rotational power source, which is connected to the screwdriver structure 6, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 As shown, the screwdriver component 6 can loosen or tighten the clamping component 10. By aligning the screwdriver component 6 with the clamping component at the housing and rotating it, the clamping component 10 can be loosened, thereby facilitating the expansion of the support plate 11. After loosening the bolt with the screwdriver component 6, the bolt will not come out of the hole. It is easy to understand that the screwdriver component can also be used to screw the bolt into the opening of the housing to achieve stable setting of the clamping component. The screwdriver component 6 can change the degree of fixation of the volume of the support plate.

[0041] To ensure consistency in length when the telescopic units retract, the telescopic rod of the telescopic unit of the screwdriver structure 6 is made shorter than the telescopic rods of other telescopic units.

[0042] Of course, the rotary power source is connected to the control unit, and the rotary power source drives the rotation of the screwdriver component. Specifically, the rotary power source can be a rotary motor.

[0043] It is understood that the radial telescopic tentacles include at least three telescopic units 9, with a set angle between adjacent telescopic units 9. In this embodiment, six telescopic units 9 are provided to ensure reliable support for the tunnel model with a large cross-section.

[0044] In addition, one end of the telescopic unit 9 is fixed to the connector 17, which is detachably installed on one end of the rotating shaft 14. A threaded hole is provided on one side of the connector 17, so that the connector 17 is installed on the rotating shaft 14 through the threaded structure. The other end of the rotating shaft 14 is connected to the telescopic end of the linear reciprocating motion unit. The rotating shaft 14 is connected to the rotating shaft power source, which is fixed inside the telescopic end of the linear reciprocating motion unit. Multiple telescopic units 9 can be integrated into one unit through the connector 17, which is convenient for disassembly or installation.

[0045] Specifically, the power source for the rotating shaft is a rotary motor, and the power source for the rotating shaft is connected to the controller.

[0046] In this embodiment, the telescopic unit 9 is used to support the end of the support plate 11 and a pressure sensor is installed. The pressure sensor is connected to the control unit. The pressure sensor can obtain the pressure value between the telescopic unit and the inner wall of the tunnel model and send it to the control unit. The control unit controls whether each telescopic unit stops extending based on the information sent by the pressure sensor. The installation of the pressure sensor improves the accuracy of the support completion. The pressure sensor at the telescopic unit where the screwdriver structure 6 is located is set between the end of the telescopic unit and the rotation power source.

[0047] When the telescopic unit pushes the support plate to the inner wall of the second tunnel model, further thrust needs to be applied to increase the tightness between the support plate and the inner wall of the tunnel model. The force exerted by the inner wall of the tunnel model on the support plate is accurately fed back by the pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor feedback values ​​on the five telescopic units (except for the telescopic unit with the screwdriver structure) are almost the same (the difference is less than or equal to 1), the screwdriver structure can be rotated by rotating the power source. The screwdriver structure 6 engages with the clamping bolt to tighten the bolt, thereby pressing the overlapping part of the support plate. Then, the telescopic unit where the screwdriver structure is located is pushed so that the value fed back by the pressure sensor of the telescopic unit is the same as or close to the value of the pressure sensor at other telescopic units, so that the support plate 11 fits tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel model.

[0048] It is easy to understand that the rotating shaft 14 can drive the entire radial telescopic tentacle to rotate, driving the screwdriver structure 6 to the initial position. When the support plate housing is placed, the clamping bolt is placed in the position of the screwdriver structure. When the support plate is sent into the tunnel model with a larger cross section, the support plate and the housing have a set weight, which can also provide a reaction force. The screwdriver structure 6 loosens the bolt, which facilitates the extension of the telescopic unit in the next step.

[0049] In this embodiment, the telescopic unit is an electric push rod, which is fixed to the connector and has a telescopic rod. The linear reciprocating motion unit 8 is an electric telescopic rod. Specifically, the maximum telescopic distance of the electric telescopic rod is 1m. The electric telescopic rod includes a motor, which drives the third gear to rotate. The third gear meshes with the cylindrical shaft. A central shaft is set inside the cylindrical shaft. The cylindrical shaft and the central shaft are connected by a threaded structure. The third gear drives the hollow cylindrical shaft to rotate. The central shaft can extend along the threaded structure of the hollow cylindrical shaft. When the third gear rotates in the opposite direction, the central shaft moves in the opposite direction. The central shaft is connected to the rotating shaft 14.

[0050] In other embodiments, the specifications, quantity, and telescopic length of the electric telescopic rods can be configured, and the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rods can also be configured to form a support device that adapts to different tunnel diameter ranges and meets actual construction needs.

[0051] In addition, the control unit is specifically a controller, which is specifically a PLC controller or other type of controller. The controller 7 is supported by the workbench 5 and has operation buttons.

[0052] Understandably, reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the support plate 11 is a steel sheet. The length of the support plate is greater than the circumference of the inner wall of the second tunnel model. The steel sheet has high strength and good toughness. The steel sheet has a set stiffness and a set width. The width of the hollow part of the shell is greater than the width of the steel sheet. The shell is designed to facilitate the curling of the support plate 11 and to fix it with the clamping parts. It can also effectively prevent the support plate from deforming and ensure the support effect. One end of the support plate 11 is fixed to the bottom side of the shell 10 and protrudes from the hollow part of the bottom side of the shell, which makes it easy for the support plate to curl into multiple rings. If the cross section of the first tunnel model is smaller than the cross section of the second tunnel model, the free end of the support plate is inserted into the hollow part of the shell after the last expansion.

[0053] The support plate 11 is tough and can be curled and deformed. In order for the support plate 11 to enter the tunnel model, the support plate 11 must first be curled up until it reaches the diameter that can pass through the tunnel model with a smaller cross section. Then, the bolts are tightened to compress the overlapping part of the support plate until the support plate will not expand its diameter.

[0054] It should be explained that if the cross-section of the first tunnel model is larger than that of the second tunnel model, the support plate 11 does not need to be curled into multiple loops in the initial state, but can be curled into one loop or more.

[0055] The support device provided in this embodiment has a worktable that can drive a moving block to achieve multi-directional movement. The moving block is connected to a linear reciprocating motion unit. The radial telescopic tentacles can support the curled support plate. The linear reciprocating motion unit can drive the radial telescopic tentacles into the first tunnel model and then into the second tunnel model. After the support plate reaches the support position, the movement of each telescopic unit can drive the support plate to expand, thereby supporting the second tunnel model. This solves the problem of difficult support for variable cross-section tunnel models and ensures the support effect.

[0056] Compared to manually feeding steel sheets into the tunnel model for support, the variable cross-section tunnel model support device is simpler, easier to operate, more efficient, and the support position of the support sheets is more precise, with a more accurate fit to the inner wall of the tunnel model, resulting in a better support effect.

[0057] Example 2 This embodiment provides a variable cross-section tunnel model support method, which adopts a variable cross-section tunnel model support device as described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following: The fixed platform is placed on the entrance side of the first tunnel model, and the linear reciprocating motion unit is set towards the first tunnel model; The telescopic ends of each telescopic unit in the radial telescopic tentacles are supported by a support plate that is curled into multiple rings. The linear reciprocating motion unit extends, and the linear reciprocating motion unit drives the radial telescopic tentacles through the first tunnel model and into the second tunnel model; Each telescopic unit of the radial telescopic tentacles extends, and under the action of the telescopic units, the support plate that has curled into multiple rings detaches from the clamping member. The support plate that has curled into multiple rings gradually opens under the support of each telescopic unit until the support plate contacts the inner wall of the second tunnel model, thus completing the support of the second tunnel model.

[0058] Understandably, the second tunnel model is a tunnel model with a larger cross-section, while the first tunnel model is a tunnel model with a smaller cross-section. Of course, it is also possible that the cross-sectional dimensions of the first tunnel model are larger than those of the second tunnel model. The difference is that the support panels do not need to be curled up multiple times; they only need to be curled up into a little more than one circle.

[0059] It needs to be explained that, for the support of the larger cross-section tunnel model, the radial telescopic tentacles enter the second tunnel model from one of the tunnel model openings of the twin tunnels. Therefore, the distances of the six telescopic units from the inner wall of the second tunnel model are different. Thus, the pressure value information is obtained by the pressure sensor, and then the controller controls whether each telescopic unit continues to extend.

[0060] Specifically, when the telescopic unit pushes the support plate to the inner wall of the second tunnel model, further thrust needs to be applied to increase the tightness between the support plate and the inner wall of the tunnel model. The force exerted by the inner wall of the tunnel model on the support plate is accurately fed back by pressure sensors. When the pressure sensor feedback values ​​at the five telescopic units (except for the telescopic unit with the screwdriver structure) are almost the same (the difference is less than or equal to 1), the screwdriver structure can be rotated by rotating the power source. The screwdriver structure engages with the clamping bolt to tighten the bolt, thereby pressing the overlapping part of the support plate. Then, the telescopic unit where the screwdriver structure is located is pushed so that the pressure sensor feedback value of this telescopic unit is the same as or close to the pressure sensor values ​​at other telescopic units, so that the support plate fits tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel model.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section tunnel model support device, characterized in that, include: A support plate, one end of which is fixed inside a hollow housing. After the support plate is rolled up into multiple turns, the other end of the support plate is inserted into the housing. A clamping member passes through the housing and abuts against the side of the free end of the support plate. An opening is provided on one side of the housing, and the clamping member is inserted into the opening. The clamping member is a bolt, which is screwed into the opening on the side of the housing. A worktable supports a multi-dimensional motion unit, which is connected to a moving block. The moving block is connected to the fixed end of a linear reciprocating motion unit. The extension and retraction direction of the linear reciprocating motion unit is perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the moving block. The extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit is connected to a radial extension and retraction tentacles. The radial extension and retraction tentacles include multiple extension and retraction units. One end of each extension and retraction unit is rotatably mounted on the extension and retraction end of the linear reciprocating motion unit, and the other end of each extension and retraction unit supports the rolled-up support plate. The control unit, linear reciprocating motion unit, and telescopic unit are each connected to the control unit separately. At least one of the telescopic units is provided with a rotational power source at one end for supporting the support plate. The rotational power source is connected to a screwdriver structure, which can loosen or tighten the clamping member. The rotary power source is connected to the control unit; The multidimensional motion unit includes two columns, which are perpendicular to the worktable. The two columns support a crossbeam, which is perpendicular to the columns. The crossbeam can move along the columns, and the moving block can move along the crossbeam. The movable block is arranged around the crossbeam.

2. The variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic unit is used to support the pressure sensor at the end of the support plate, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control unit.

3. The variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial telescopic tentacle includes at least three telescopic units, with an angle set between adjacent telescopic units.

4. The variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the telescopic unit is fixed to the connector, the connector is detachably installed on one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the telescopic end of the linear reciprocating motion unit.

5. A variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic unit is an electric push rod; The linear reciprocating motion unit is an electric telescopic rod.

6. A method for supporting a variable cross-section tunnel model, characterized in that, The variable cross-section tunnel model support device according to any one of claims 1-5 includes the following components: The fixed platform is placed on the entrance side of the first tunnel model, and the linear reciprocating motion unit is set towards the first tunnel model; The telescopic ends of each telescopic unit in the radial telescopic tentacles are supported by a support plate that is curled into multiple rings. The linear reciprocating motion unit extends, and the linear reciprocating motion unit drives the radial telescopic tentacles through the first tunnel model and into the second tunnel model; Each telescopic unit of the radial telescopic tentacles extends, and under the action of the telescopic units, the support plate that has curled into multiple rings detaches from the clamping member. The support plate that has curled into multiple rings gradually opens under the support of each telescopic unit until the support plate contacts the inner wall of the second tunnel model, thus completing the support of the second tunnel model.

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