A method, system, device and medium for protecting a water turbine of a hydropower plant

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water turbine protection of hydropower station, and particularly relates to a method, system, device and medium for water turbine protection of hydropower station. In the state of generating electricity or shutdown of the unit, according to the conditions of detecting that the bearing bush temperature signal is out of limit, the stator core or winding temperature is out of limit, the vibration signal of the unit top cover or upper frame or lower frame is out of limit, the guide bearing swing signal is out of limit, the closing position of the water inlet valve or quick valve is out of limit, the rotating speed is out of limit, the oil pressure or oil level of the speed regulating system pressure oil tank is out of limit, the water level of the water wheel room is out of limit, the water level of the bottom floor of the power house is out of limit, the generator outlet breaker and the main transformer outlet breaker are in the closed position, and the guide vane, the water inlet valve and the quick valve are all closed, and the active power of the unit is out of limit, the program condition judgment is fully utilized, and the scientific and reasonable process is used to execute the backup protection shutdown of the water turbine of the hydropower unit, so that the potential hidden danger of the traditional water turbine relay backup protection is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower station turbine protection technology, and more specifically, to a hydropower station turbine protection method, system, equipment, and medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the automatic control systems of hydro-turbine generator units are all implemented using local control units composed of digital devices such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs). When the local control unit fails to function properly or under specific accident conditions, the turbine backup protection system controls the unit's emergency shutdown. Typically, the turbine backup protection system uses relay circuits. As the last crucial line of defense for the safe operation of a hydropower station, it reduces the occurrence of major equipment and facility failures and lowers the risk of powerhouse flooding. Therefore, the reliability of the turbine backup protection is paramount. However, traditional relay circuits have poor scalability, a high risk of false tripping or failure to trip, and poor signal traceability.

[0003] Therefore, a more reliable method for protecting hydropower turbines is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems pointed out in the background art, the present invention provides a method, system, equipment and medium for protecting hydropower turbines, which is fully functional and can play a backup protection role for hydropower turbines, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of power equipment.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solution: a method for protecting hydropower turbines in a hydropower station, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The prerequisite conditions for executing step 1 are as follows:

[0007] Condition 1: The temperature signal of any bearing bush in the unit reaches the alarm value;

[0008] Condition 2: The temperature signal of any stator core or winding of any unit reaches the alarm value;

[0009] Condition 3: Vibration signals from any one of the unit's top cover, upper frame, or lower frame that reach the alarm threshold are detected;

[0010] Condition 4: Any swing signal of the unit's guide bearing reaches the alarm value;

[0011] Condition 5: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's water inlet valve or fast valve is closed to the alarm position;

[0012] Condition 6: The unit speed is detected to have reached Level 1 overspeed;

[0013] Condition 7: The oil pressure or level in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger an alarm.

[0014] Condition 8: Detection of any shear pin on the unit shearing off;

[0015] Condition 9: The water level signal device on the top cover of the unit's water turbine chamber is detected to have reached the alarm value;

[0016] Condition 10: The water level signal device on any of the lowest floors of the factory building is detected to have reached the alarm value;

[0017] Step 1: Trigger an alarm when any one or more of conditions one through ten are met;

[0018] The prerequisites for performing step 2 are as follows:

[0019] Condition 11: When the unit is not shut down, the temperature signals of any two bearing bushes of the same bearing reach the shutdown value.

[0020] Condition 12: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's inlet water valve or fast valve is closed to the fault position;

[0021] Condition 13: When the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position, and the guide vanes, water inlet valve and fast valve are all closed, the active power of the unit is detected to be less than zero.

[0022] Step 2: When any one or more of conditions eleven to thirteen are met, the water turbine is automatically shut down.

[0023] The prerequisites for performing step 3 are as follows:

[0024] Condition 14: Condition 6 is met, and the speed governor fails to operate;

[0025] Condition 15: The oil pressure in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger a shutdown.

[0026] Condition 16: When the unit is not shut down, any two stator core or winding temperature signals of the unit are detected to reach the shutdown value;

[0027] Condition 17: When the unit is not shut down, any two top cover vibration signals are detected to reach the shutdown value;

[0028] Step 3: When any one or more of conditions fourteen to seventeen are met, the water turbine is delayed and shut down.

[0029] The prerequisites for performing step 4 are as follows:

[0030] Condition 18: The unit speed is detected to have reached electrical level two overspeed.

[0031] Condition 19: The unit speed is detected to have reached mechanical level 2 overspeed;

[0032] Condition 20: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a normal shutdown state;

[0033] Condition 21: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a shutdown state due to an electrical or water turbine failure;

[0034] Condition 22: When the unit is not shut down, it is detected that any two shear pins have broken and any one of the top cover vibration signals has reached the alarm value.

[0035] Condition 23: The system detects that any two water level signal devices on the bottom floor of the plant have reached the shutdown threshold.

[0036] Step 4: When any one or more of conditions 18 to 23 are met, the water turbine emergency shutdown is triggered.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 1, if condition eight is met and the unit is in power generation state, the active power regulation of the unit is discontinued, and the guide vane opening remains unchanged.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 3, if condition fourteen is met, the overspeed limiter is activated after a delay of 0.3s to 0.5s, triggering an emergency shutdown of the water turbine.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 3, for units without an overspeed limiter, if condition six is ​​met, an emergency shutdown of the water turbine is triggered.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 3, if condition 15 is met, an emergency shutdown of the water turbine is triggered after a delay of 0.5 seconds.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 3, if condition 17 is met, a delay of 2s to 6s is used to trigger an emergency shutdown of the water turbine.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, in step 4, if condition 19 is met, the mechanical hydraulic overspeed protection device or the mechanical overspeed switch is activated, the overspeed limiter is started, and the water turbine is triggered to shut down in an emergency.

[0043] The present invention also provides a hydropower station turbine protection system, comprising:

[0044] The first detection module is used to detect the temperature signals of the unit's bearing bushes, stator core or windings, vibration signals of the top cover, upper frame and lower frame, guide bearing swing signals, the closed position of the inlet valve and quick valve, speed, oil pressure and level of the speed control system's pressure oil tank, shear pin switch signals, and water level signals of the water turbine chamber.

[0045] The first triggering module is used to trigger an alarm when the signal acquired by the first detection module exceeds the limit.

[0046] The second detection module is used to detect the bearing temperature signal when the unit is not shut down, the closed position of the inlet valve and the fast valve when the unit is generating, and the active power of the unit when the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position and the guide vanes, inlet valve and fast valve are fully closed.

[0047] The second trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the second detection module exceeds the limit.

[0048] The third detection module is used to detect the governor failure signal, the oil pressure of the speed control system oil tank, the temperature signal of the stator core and windings under non-stop conditions, and the vibration signal of the top cover under non-stop conditions.

[0049] The third trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the third detection module exceeds the limit delay.

[0050] The fourth detection module is used to detect the electrical secondary overspeed signal, the mechanical secondary overspeed signal, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in a normal shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in an electrical or water turbine accident shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is not in a shutdown state, as well as the top cover vibration signal and the bottom water level signal of the plant.

[0051] The fourth trigger module is used to trigger an emergency shutdown of the water turbine when the signal detected by the fourth detection module exceeds the limit.

[0052] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, wherein the memory stores execution instructions;

[0053] and a processor that executes the execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described above.

[0054] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium storing executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method described above.

[0055] The technical solution of the hydropower station turbine protection method, system, equipment and medium of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: The method provided by the present invention has complete functions and can play the role of backup protection for hydropower turbines, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of power equipment; by making full use of program condition judgment and scientific and reasonable process to execute the backup protection shutdown of hydropower turbines, the potential hidden dangers of traditional hydropower turbine relay backup protection are eliminated, the risk of single-point false tripping is completely eliminated, and the shortcomings of traditional relay circuits such as poor scalability and poor signal traceability are solved. Moreover, it does not affect the reliability of protection action, and the safety, economy and practicality are greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating step 1 of the hydropower station turbine protection method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating step 2 of the hydropower station turbine protection method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating step 3 of the hydropower station turbine protection method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating step 4 of the hydropower station turbine protection method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] See Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating step 1 of the hydropower station turbine protection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The hydropower station turbine protection method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0063] The prerequisite conditions for executing step 1 are as follows:

[0064] Condition 1: The temperature signal of any bearing bush in the unit reaches the alarm value;

[0065] Condition 2: The temperature signal of any stator core or winding of any unit reaches the alarm value;

[0066] Condition 3: Vibration signals from any one of the unit's top cover, upper frame, or lower frame that reach the alarm threshold are detected;

[0067] Condition 4: Any swing signal of the unit's guide bearing reaches the alarm value;

[0068] Condition 5: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's water inlet valve or fast valve is closed to the alarm position;

[0069] Condition 6: The unit speed is detected to have reached Level 1 overspeed;

[0070] Condition 7: The oil pressure or level in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger an alarm.

[0071] Condition 8: Detection of any shear pin on the unit shearing off;

[0072] Condition 9: The water level signal device on the top cover of the unit's water turbine chamber is detected to have reached the alarm value;

[0073] Condition 10: The water level signal device on any of the lowest floors of the factory building is detected to have reached the alarm value;

[0074] Step 1: Trigger an alarm when any one or more of conditions one through ten are met;

[0075] Preferably, in step 1, if condition 8 is met and the unit is in power generation mode, the active power regulation of the unit is discontinued, and the guide vane opening remains unchanged.

[0076] See Figure 2 As shown, the prerequisites for performing step 2 are as follows:

[0077] Condition 11: When the unit is not shut down, the temperature signals of any two bearing bushes of the same bearing reach the shutdown value.

[0078] Condition 12: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's inlet water valve or fast valve is closed to the fault position;

[0079] Condition 13: When the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position, and the guide vanes, water inlet valve and fast valve are all closed, the active power of the unit is detected to be less than zero.

[0080] Step 2: When any one or more of conditions eleven to thirteen are met, the water turbine is automatically shut down.

[0081] See Figure 3 As shown, the prerequisites for performing step 3 are as follows:

[0082] Condition 14: Condition 6 is met, and the speed governor fails to operate;

[0083] Condition 15: The oil pressure in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger a shutdown.

[0084] Condition 16: When the unit is not shut down, any two stator core or winding temperature signals of the unit are detected to reach the shutdown value;

[0085] Condition 17: When the unit is not shut down, any two top cover vibration signals are detected to reach the shutdown value;

[0086] Step 3: When any one or more of conditions fourteen to seventeen are met, the water turbine is delayed and shut down.

[0087] Preferably, in step 3, if condition fourteen is met, the overspeed limiter is activated after a delay of 0.3s to 0.5s, triggering an emergency shutdown of the water turbine.

[0088] Preferably, in step 3, for units without an overspeed limiter, if condition six is ​​met, an emergency shutdown of the water turbine is triggered.

[0089] Preferably, in step 3, if condition 15 is met, the water turbine is triggered to shut down due to an emergency after a delay of 0.5 seconds.

[0090] Preferably, in step 3, if condition 17 is met, the water turbine is triggered to shut down due to an accident after a delay of 2 to 6 seconds.

[0091] See Figure 4 As shown, the prerequisites for performing step 4 are as follows:

[0092] Condition 18: The unit speed is detected to have reached electrical level two overspeed.

[0093] Condition 19: The unit speed is detected to have reached mechanical level 2 overspeed;

[0094] Condition 20: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a normal shutdown state;

[0095] Condition 21: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a shutdown state due to an electrical or water turbine failure;

[0096] Condition 22: When the unit is not shut down, it is detected that any two shear pins have broken and any one of the top cover vibration signals has reached the alarm value.

[0097] Condition 23: The system detects that any two water level signal devices on the bottom floor of the plant have reached the shutdown threshold.

[0098] Step 4: When any one or more of conditions 18 to 23 are met, the water turbine emergency shutdown is triggered.

[0099] Preferably, in step 4, if condition 19 is met, the mechanical hydraulic overspeed protection device or mechanical overspeed switch is activated, the overspeed limiter is started, and the water turbine is triggered to shut down in an emergency.

[0100] The technical solution of the hydropower station turbine protection method, system, equipment and medium of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: The method provided by the present invention has complete functions and can play the role of backup protection for hydropower turbines, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of power equipment; by making full use of program condition judgment and scientific and reasonable process to execute the backup protection shutdown of hydropower turbines, the potential hidden dangers of traditional hydropower turbine relay backup protection are eliminated, the risk of single-point false tripping is completely eliminated, and the shortcomings of traditional relay circuits such as poor scalability and poor signal traceability are solved. Moreover, it does not affect the reliability of protection action, and the safety, economy and practicality are greatly improved.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] This invention provides a hydropower station turbine protection system, comprising:

[0103] The first detection module is used to detect the temperature signals of the unit's bearing bushes, stator core or windings, vibration signals of the top cover, upper frame and lower frame, guide bearing swing signals, the closed position of the inlet valve and quick valve, speed, oil pressure and level of the speed control system's pressure oil tank, shear pin switch signals, and water level signals of the water turbine chamber.

[0104] The first triggering module is used to trigger an alarm when the signal acquired by the first detection module exceeds the limit.

[0105] The second detection module is used to detect the bearing temperature signal when the unit is not shut down, the closed position of the inlet valve and the fast valve when the unit is generating, and the active power of the unit when the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position and the guide vanes, inlet valve and fast valve are fully closed.

[0106] The second trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the second detection module exceeds the limit.

[0107] The third detection module is used to detect the governor failure signal, the oil pressure of the speed control system oil tank, the temperature signal of the stator core and windings under non-stop conditions, and the vibration signal of the top cover under non-stop conditions.

[0108] The third trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the third detection module exceeds the limit delay.

[0109] The fourth detection module is used to detect the electrical secondary overspeed signal, the mechanical secondary overspeed signal, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in a normal shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in an electrical or water turbine accident shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is not in a shutdown state, as well as the top cover vibration signal and the bottom water level signal of the plant.

[0110] The fourth trigger module is used to trigger an emergency shutdown of the water turbine when the signal detected by the fourth detection module exceeds the limit.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] This invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory storing execution instructions; and a processor executing the execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] This invention provides a readable storage medium storing executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0115] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for protecting hydropower turbines in a hydroelectric power station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The prerequisite conditions for executing step 1 are as follows: Condition 1: The temperature signal of any bearing bush in the unit reaches the alarm value; Condition 2: The temperature signal of any stator core or winding of any unit reaches the alarm value; Condition 3: Vibration signals from any one of the unit's top cover, upper frame, or lower frame that reach the alarm threshold are detected; Condition 4: Any swing signal of the unit's guide bearing is detected to reach the alarm value; Condition 5: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's water inlet valve or fast valve is closed to the alarm position; Condition 6: The unit speed is detected to have reached Level 1 overspeed; Condition 7: The oil pressure or level in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger an alarm. Condition 8: Detection of any shear pin on the unit shearing off; Condition 9: The water level signal device on the top cover of the unit's water turbine chamber is detected to have reached the alarm value; Condition 10: The water level signal device on any of the lowest floors of the factory building is detected to have reached the alarm value; Step 1: Trigger an alarm when any one or more of conditions one through ten are met; The prerequisites for performing step 2 are as follows: Condition 11: When the unit is not shut down, the temperature signals of any two bearing bushes of the same bearing reach the shutdown value. Condition 12: When the unit is generating electricity, it is detected that the unit's inlet water valve or fast valve is closed to the fault position; Condition 13: When the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position, and the guide vanes, water inlet valve and fast valve are all closed, the active power of the unit is detected to be less than zero. Step 2: When any one or more of conditions eleven to thirteen are met, the water turbine is triggered to shut down due to an accident. The prerequisites for performing step 3 are as follows: Condition 14: Condition 6 is met, and the speed governor fails to operate; Condition 15: The oil pressure in the unit's speed control system's oil tank is detected to be low enough to trigger a shutdown. Condition 16: When the unit is not shut down, any two stator core or winding temperature signals of the unit are detected to reach the shutdown value; Condition 17: When the unit is not shut down, any two top cover vibration signals are detected to reach the shutdown value; Step 3: When any one or more of conditions fourteen to seventeen are met, the water turbine is delayed and shut down. The prerequisites for performing step 4 are as follows: Condition 18: The unit speed is detected to have reached electrical level two overspeed. Condition 19: The unit speed is detected to have reached mechanical level 2 overspeed; Condition 20: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a normal shutdown state; Condition 21: Condition 8 is met, and the unit is in a shutdown state due to an electrical or water turbine failure; Condition 22: When the unit is not shut down, any two shear pins are detected to have broken, and the vibration signal of any one of the top covers reaches the alarm value. Condition 23: The system detects that any two water level signal devices on the bottom floor of the plant have reached the shutdown threshold. Step 4: When any one or more of conditions 18 to 23 are met, the water turbine emergency shutdown is triggered.

2. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, if condition 8 is met and the unit is in power generation mode, the active power regulation of the unit is discontinued, and the guide vane opening remains unchanged.

3. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, if condition 14 is met, the overspeed limiter is activated after a delay of 0.3s to 0.5s, triggering an emergency shutdown of the water turbine.

4. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, for units without overspeed limiters, if condition six is ​​met, an emergency shutdown of the water turbine is triggered.

5. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, if condition 15 is met, the water turbine is triggered to shut down due to an emergency after a delay of 0.5 seconds.

6. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, if condition 17 is met, the water turbine will be shut down after a delay of 2 to 6 seconds.

7. The hydropower station turbine protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, if condition 19 is met, the mechanical hydraulic overspeed protection device or mechanical overspeed switch will activate, start the overspeed limiter, and trigger the water turbine emergency shutdown.

8. A hydropower station turbine protection system, characterized in that, include: The first detection module is used to detect the temperature signals of the unit's bearing bushes, stator core or windings, vibration signals of the top cover, upper frame and lower frame, guide bearing swing signals, the closed position of the inlet valve and quick valve, speed, oil pressure and level of the speed control system's pressure oil tank, shear pin switch signals, and water level signals of the water turbine chamber. The first triggering module is used to trigger an alarm when the signal acquired by the first detection module exceeds the limit. The second detection module is used to detect the bearing temperature signal when the unit is not shut down, the closed position of the inlet valve and the fast valve when the unit is generating, and the active power of the unit when the generator output circuit breaker and the main transformer output circuit breaker are in the closed position and the guide vanes, inlet valve and fast valve are fully closed. The second trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the second detection module exceeds the limit. The third detection module is used to detect the governor failure signal, the oil pressure of the speed control system oil tank, the temperature signal of the stator core and windings under non-stop conditions, and the vibration signal of the top cover under non-stop conditions. The third trigger module is used to trigger a water turbine accident shutdown when the signal obtained by the third detection module exceeds the limit delay. The fourth detection module is used to detect the electrical secondary overspeed signal, the mechanical secondary overspeed signal, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in a normal shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is in an electrical or water turbine accident shutdown state, the shear pin switch quantity signal when the unit is not in a shutdown state, as well as the top cover vibration signal and the bottom water level signal of the plant. The fourth trigger module is used to trigger an emergency shutdown of the water turbine when the signal detected by the fourth detection module exceeds the limit.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory stores execution instructions; And a processor that executes the execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores execution instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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