Switchable transparent display film and method of making same, display panel

Abstract

This invention relates to a switchable transparent display film, its preparation method, and a display panel. The switchable transparent display film includes: a flexible substrate with at least one transparent adjustment area corresponding to a pixel unit; multiple spaced-apart first electrodes on each transparent adjustment area; first grooves filled with liquid crystal on the first electrodes; a passivation layer on the side of the first electrodes away from the flexible substrate; multiple spaced-apart second electrodes on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate; a switchable transparent area and multiple cutout areas for pixel chips to pass through are formed between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; second grooves filled with liquid crystal are formed on the second electrodes; magnetic particles are filled within the switchable transparent areas; and a protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate and located on the side of the second electrodes away from the flexible substrate. The switchable transparent display film of this invention can improve contrast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of semiconductor technology, and in particular to a switchable transparent display film, its preparation method, and a display panel. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of semiconductor technology, various display technologies have emerged. Currently, the main display technologies include Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Organic Electroluminescence Display (OLED), both of which can be used as transparent displays. However, neither of these technologies can display a completely black image; even if their transparent areas are completely closed, light will still pass through, resulting in lower contrast for transparent displays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a switchable transparent display film, a method for preparing the same, and a display panel, in order to solve the problem of low contrast in transparent displays.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a switchable transparent display film, comprising:

[0005] A flexible substrate, wherein at least one transparent adjustment area is provided on the flexible substrate for each pixel unit to correspond to one-to-one;

[0006] Each of the transparent adjustment areas is provided with a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first electrodes extend along a first direction; a first groove is formed on the first electrode, and the first groove is filled with liquid crystal.

[0007] A passivation layer is disposed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate and located on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate, and a plurality of vias are disposed on the passivation layer;

[0008] Multiple second electrodes arranged at intervals are disposed on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate. The multiple second electrodes extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, so that adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes enclose a switchable transparent area and multiple hollow areas for pixel chip penetration. A second groove is formed on the second electrode, and the second groove is filled with liquid crystal. The switchable transparent area is filled with magnetic particles. The passivation layer and the flexible substrate each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration corresponding to the hollow areas.

[0009] A protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate and located on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first groove extends along the first direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the second electrodes; the second groove extends along the second direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the first electrodes.

[0011] In one embodiment, each transparent adjustment area is provided with the protective layer.

[0012] In one embodiment, the protective layer has a second opening that corresponds one-to-one with the hollow area, and the protective layer covers the second electrode and the switchable transparent area.

[0013] In one embodiment, the magnetic particles fill both sides or one side of the passivation layer within the switchable transparency area.

[0014] In one embodiment, the passivation layer has a third opening corresponding to the switchable transparency area, and the magnetic particles are filled between the flexible substrate and the protective layer.

[0015] In one embodiment, the number of first electrodes is three, the number of second electrodes is three, the number of switchable transparent areas is one, and the number of cutout areas is three.

[0016] The aforementioned switchable transparent display film includes: a flexible substrate, on which at least one transparent adjustment area corresponding to a pixel unit is disposed; each transparent adjustment area is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart first electrodes extending along a first direction; a first groove is formed on the first electrode, and the first groove is filled with liquid crystal; a passivation layer is disposed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate and located on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate, and the passivation layer is provided with a plurality of vias; a plurality of spaced-apart second electrodes are disposed on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate, and the plurality of second electrodes extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, such that adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes enclose a switchable transparent area and a plurality of cutout areas for pixel chip penetration; a second groove is formed on the second electrode and filled with liquid crystal; the switchable transparent area is filled with magnetic particles, and the passivation layer and the flexible substrate are provided with first openings for pixel chip penetration corresponding to the cutout areas; and a protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate and located on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate. Because the liquid crystals filled in the first and second grooves will be arranged in an orderly manner under the action of the electric field, the switchable transparent area will be in an opaque state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area in the dark state. As a result, the brightness contrast between the switchable transparent area in the dark state and the hollow area is very obvious, thereby improving the contrast ratio.

[0017] Secondly, this application also provides a method for preparing a switchable transparent display film, comprising:

[0018] A flexible substrate is provided, wherein at least one transparent adjustment area is provided on the flexible substrate for each pixel unit to correspond to it.

[0019] Multiple first electrodes are formed on each of the transparent adjustment areas at intervals, the first electrodes extend along a first direction, and a first groove is formed on the first electrode;

[0020] The first groove is filled with liquid crystal;

[0021] A passivation layer is formed on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate; and multiple vias are formed on the passivation layer;

[0022] A plurality of second electrodes are formed at intervals on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate. The second electrodes extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction. A second groove is formed on the second electrode.

[0023] The second groove is filled with liquid crystal;

[0024] A switchable transparent area and multiple cutout areas for pixel chip penetration are formed between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; the passivation layer and the flexible substrate each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration in the corresponding cutout areas.

[0025] Magnetic particles are filled within the switchable transparent area;

[0026] A protective layer is formed on the flexible substrate and on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate.

[0027] In one embodiment,

[0028] Before providing the flexible substrate, the method further includes: providing a support substrate; forming an adhesion layer on the surface of the support substrate; and forming a flexible substrate on the surface of the adhesion layer.

[0029] Before forming a switchable transparent area and a plurality of cutout areas for pixel chip penetration between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes, the method further includes: removing the support substrate.

[0030] In one embodiment, the number of first electrodes is three, the number of second electrodes is three, the number of switchable transparent areas is one, and the number of cutout areas is three.

[0031] The method for preparing the switchable transparent display film includes: providing a flexible substrate, wherein at least one transparent adjustment area corresponding to a pixel unit is disposed on the flexible substrate; forming a plurality of spaced-apart first electrodes on each of the transparent adjustment areas, the first electrodes extending along a first direction and having a first groove formed on the first electrodes; filling the first groove with liquid crystal; forming a passivation layer on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate; and forming a plurality of vias on the passivation layer; forming a plurality of spaced-apart second electrodes on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate, the second electrodes extending along a second direction intersecting the first direction; having a second groove formed on the second electrode; filling the second groove with liquid crystal; forming a switchable transparent area and a plurality of hollow areas for pixel chip penetration between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; having a first opening for pixel chip penetration in both the passivation layer and the corresponding hollow areas of the flexible substrate; filling the switchable transparent area with magnetic particles; and forming a protective layer on the flexible substrate and on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate. Because the liquid crystals filled in the first and second grooves will be arranged in an orderly manner under the action of the electric field, the switchable transparent area will be in an opaque state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area in the dark state. As a result, the brightness contrast between the switchable transparent area in the dark state and the hollow area is very obvious, thereby improving the contrast ratio.

[0032] Thirdly, this application also provides a display panel, including:

[0033] Back panel;

[0034] The bonding layer is located on the surface of the backplate;

[0035] A pixel unit includes multiple pixel chips, and the multiple pixel chips are electrically connected to the backplane through a bonding layer;

[0036] The switchable transparent display film, as described in any of the above embodiments, is attached to the bonding layer, and each of the pixel chips is located within or through the cutout area; one of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected to the backplate, and the other electrode is grounded.

[0037] In one embodiment, the pixel chip is a MicroLED or a MiniLED.

[0038] In one embodiment, the backplate includes a backplate electrode, one of the first electrode and the second electrode being electrically connected to the backplate electrode, and the other electrode being grounded.

[0039] The aforementioned display panel includes: a backplate; a bonding layer located on the surface of the backplate; a pixel unit including multiple pixel chips, the multiple pixel chips being electrically connected to the backplate via the bonding layer; a switchable transparent display film as described in any of the above embodiments, attached to the bonding layer, with each pixel chip located within or passing through the cutout area; one of the first and second electrodes being electrically connected to the backplate, and the other electrode being grounded. Because the liquid crystals filled in the first and second grooves of the switchable transparent display film will arrange themselves in an orderly manner under the action of an electric field, the switchable transparent area will present an opaque, non-transparent state, thereby increasing the darkness of the dark state of the switchable transparent area. This results in a significant brightness contrast between the dark state of the switchable transparent area and the pixel colors presented by the pixel chips in the cutout area, thus improving the contrast ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a switchable transparent display film according to one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S102 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S103 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S104 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S105 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S106 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S107 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a top view of the structure obtained in step S108 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment.

[0048] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the process before step S101 in the preparation method of the switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure obtained in step S1103 of the method for preparing a switchable transparent display film provided in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a top view of the display panel provided in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram provided shows a magnified top view of the dashed frame area in the display panel.

[0052] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram provided shows a cross-sectional view of the display panel along the AB direction.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Switchable transparent display film; 10-Flexible substrate; 101-First electrode; 1011-First groove; 102-Second electrode; 1021-Second groove; 103-Switchable transparent area; 104-Knock-out area; 20-Liquid crystal; 30-Passivation layer; 301-Through hole; 40-Magnetic particles; 50-Support substrate; 501-Adhesion layer; 60-Back plate; 601-Back plate electrode; 602-Silver paste; 70-Binding layer; 701-Magnetic bonding area; 80-Pixel chip. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the application. However, this application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0059] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0060] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, parts, regions, layers, doping types, and / or portions, these elements, parts, regions, layers, doping types, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms.

[0061] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” will be oriented “above” the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0062] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that when the terms “comprise” and / or “comprising” are used in this specification, the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or part is established, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or groups is not excluded. Meanwhile, when used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0063] With the development of semiconductor technology, various display technologies have emerged. Currently, the main display technologies include Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Organic Electroluminescence Display (OLED), both of which can be used as transparent displays. However, neither of these technologies can display a completely black image, and even if their transparent areas are completely closed, light will still pass through, resulting in lower contrast for transparent displays.

[0064] Therefore, this application aims to provide a solution that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the details of which will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a method for preparing a switchable transparent display film, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S101: Provides a flexible substrate; the flexible substrate is provided with at least one transparent adjustment area corresponding to a pixel unit;

[0067] S102: Multiple first electrodes are formed on each transparent adjustment area at intervals, the first electrodes extend along a first direction, and a first groove is formed on the first electrode;

[0068] S103: Fill the first groove with liquid crystal;

[0069] S104: A passivation layer is formed on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate; and multiple vias are formed on the passivation layer;

[0070] S105: A plurality of second electrodes are formed on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate, the second electrodes extend along a second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; a second groove is formed on the second electrode;

[0071] S106: Fill the second groove with liquid crystal;

[0072] S107: A switchable transparent area and multiple hollow areas for pixel chip penetration are formed between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; the passivation layer and the flexible substrate each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration corresponding to the hollow areas.

[0073] S108: The switchable transparent area is filled with magnetic particles;

[0074] S109: A protective layer is formed on the flexible substrate and on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate.

[0075] In step S101, please refer to Figure 1 Step S101 and Figure 2 A flexible substrate 10 is provided; at least one transparent adjustment area is provided on the flexible substrate 10 for each pixel unit. The switchable transparent display film of the present invention may have only one transparent adjustment area, and then each pixel unit may be attached individually; or, the switchable transparent display film of the present invention may have multiple transparent adjustment areas (not shown), and then multiple corresponding pixel units may be attached individually or all pixel units may be attached at once.

[0076] The flexible substrate 10 can be made of polyimide. Of course, the flexible substrate 10 can also be made of other flexible materials. This embodiment does not limit the application of these materials.

[0077] In step S102, please refer to Figure 1 Step S102 and Figure 2 Multiple first electrodes 101 are formed on each transparent adjustment area at intervals. The first electrodes 101 extend along a first direction and a first groove 1011 is formed on the first electrode 101.

[0078] Optionally, the first electrode 101 can be an anode; of course, the first electrode 101 can also be a cathode, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0079] The first direction can be as follows: Figure 2 The vertical direction shown can be any other direction, but this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0080] Optionally, multiple spaced first electrodes 101 can be formed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate 10 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coating, and then a first groove 1011 can be etched on the top of the first electrodes 101 by dry etching and masking.

[0081] In step S103, please refer to Figure 1 Step S103 and Figure 3 Liquid crystal 20 is filled in the first groove 1011.

[0082] The liquid crystal 20 can be in a liquid state and can flow in the first groove 1011.

[0083] In step S104, please refer to Figure 1 Step S104 and Figure 4 A passivation layer 30 is formed on the side of the first electrode 101 away from the flexible substrate 10; and a plurality of vias 301 are formed on the passivation layer 30.

[0084] The passivation layer 30 can be made of silicon nitride phase compound (SiN). x The passivation layer 30 can be used to seal the upper surface of the first groove 1011 on each first electrode 101 to prevent the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 from flowing out.

[0085] Via 301 is used to conduct the electric field between the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102. Since the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 cannot be in direct contact, a passivation layer 30 needs to be formed. Since an electric field needs to be formed between the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102, multiple vias 301 need to be formed in the passivation layer 30.

[0086] Optionally, each via 301 may be located at the intersection of the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 to connect the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102.

[0087] In step S105, please refer to Figure 1 Step S105 and Figure 5 Multiple second electrodes 102 are formed on the side of the passivation layer 30 away from the flexible substrate 10, and the second electrodes 102 extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction; a second groove 1021 is formed on the second electrode 102.

[0088] The passivation layer 30 can also be used to provide support for the formation of multiple second electrodes 102; the second electrodes 102 have opposite polarities to the first electrode 101, that is, when the first electrode 101 is the anode, the second electrode 102 is the cathode; when the first electrode 101 is the cathode, the second electrode 102 is the anode.

[0089] Optionally, the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction; for example, the second direction can be as follows: Figure 5 The second direction is shown as the horizontal direction. Of course, the second direction can also be other directions, and this embodiment is not limited to them.

[0090] Optionally, multiple spaced second electrodes 102 can be formed on the upper surface of the passivation layer 30 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coating, and then a second groove 1021 can be etched on the top of the second electrodes 102 by dry etching and masking.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the three first electrodes 101 and the three second electrodes 102 are referenced Figure 5 After the arrangement shown is executed, the covered area becomes a transparent adjustment zone.

[0092] In step S106, please refer to Figure 1 Step S106 and Figure 6 Liquid crystal 20 is filled into the second groove 1021.

[0093] The liquid crystal 20 filled in the second groove 1021 and the liquid crystal 20 filled in the first groove 1011 can both be cholesteric liquid crystals; in some embodiments, the liquid crystal 20 can also be other types of liquid crystals, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0094] Since liquid crystal 20 is filled in the first groove 1011 of the first electrode 101 and the second groove 1021 of the second electrode 102, when an electric field is formed by energizing the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102, the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021 will start to rotate under the drive of the electric field. At the same time, the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021 are arranged in an orderly manner, so that the entire switchable transparent display film 1 presents a hazy state (i.e., opaque).

[0095] In addition, the liquid crystal 20 has a threshold voltage, and the liquid crystal 20 will only be driven when this threshold voltage is exceeded. Optionally, the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 can be made different from the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal 20 in the second groove 1021 by adjusting parameters such as the number and concentration of the liquid crystal 20.

[0096] In step S107, please refer to Figure 1 Step S107 and Figure 7 A switchable transparent area 103 and a plurality of hollow areas 104 for pixel chip penetration are formed between adjacent second electrodes 102 and adjacent first electrodes 101; the passivation layer 30 and the flexible substrate 10 each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration in the hollow areas 104.

[0097] As described above, when the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 are energized to form an electric field, the orderly arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 causes the switchable transparent area 103 to maintain a hazy appearance, while the cutout area 104, being cut out, does not exhibit a hazy appearance. Thus, by forming an electric field, the switchable transparent area 103 can be made dark, and at this time, the switchable transparent area 103 is in a non-transparent state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area 103. Meanwhile, the cutout area 104 can display pixel colors normally, thereby improving the contrast.

[0098] In step S108, please refer to Figure 1 Step S108 and Figure 8 Magnetic particles 40 are filled into the switchable transparent area 103.

[0099] The magnetic particles 40 can be cobalt metal, rare earth metals (lanthanides), etc., and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0100] By filling the switchable transparent area 103 with magnetic particles 40, and when it is necessary to switch the switchable transparent area 103 to a transparent state, magnetic particles 40 are set outside the switchable transparent area 103 to form a magnetic field with the magnetic particles 40 in the switchable transparent area 103. Under the action of the magnetic field, the electric field of the switchable transparent area 103 is disturbed, thereby disrupting the orderly arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021, so that the switchable transparent area 103 cannot maintain haze, and thus the switchable transparent area 103 is in a transparent state at this time.

[0101] Optionally, the surface of the magnetic particles 40 may also be coated with resin.

[0102] Optionally, the magnetic particles 40 can be spherical with a diameter of less than 2 micrometers. Of course, the magnetic particles 40 can also have other shapes, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0103] Optionally, the liquid crystal 20 filled in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021 can be injected by liquid crystal drop filling (ODF) process.

[0104] In addition, in the ODF process, an ODF machine can include multiple liquid crystal injection heads, such as 5 to 20. Optionally, the liquid crystal 20 can also contain magnetic particles 40. Each liquid crystal injection head can inject different liquid crystals 20, such as cholesteric liquid crystal and liquid crystal 20 with magnetic particles 40, respectively. Thus, while injecting cholesteric liquid crystal into the second groove 1021 using one liquid crystal injection head, another liquid crystal injection head can be used to inject liquid crystal 20 with magnetic particles 40 into the switchable transparent area 103.

[0105] In step S109, please refer to Figure 1 Step S109 and Figure 8 A protective layer is formed on the flexible substrate 10 and on the side of the second electrode 102 away from the flexible substrate 10.

[0106] The protective layer can be used to prevent liquid crystal 20 from flowing out of the second groove 1021.

[0107] To facilitate demonstration of the internal structure of the switchable transparent display film 1, Figure 8 The protective layer is not shown in the diagram. However, it should be understood that this protective layer does exist in the actual structure of the switchable transparent display film 1.

[0108] Optionally, the protective layer can be a transparent polymer film, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Of course, the protective layer can also be other transparent films, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0109] The method for preparing a switchable transparent display film according to this embodiment includes: providing a flexible substrate, on which at least one transparent adjustment region corresponding to a pixel unit is disposed; forming a plurality of spaced-apart first electrodes on each transparent adjustment region, the first electrodes extending along a first direction and having a first groove on each first electrode; filling the first groove with liquid crystal; forming a passivation layer on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate; and forming a plurality of vias on the passivation layer; forming a plurality of spaced-apart second electrodes on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate, the second electrodes extending along a second direction and intersecting with the first direction; having a second groove on each second electrode; filling the second groove with liquid crystal; forming a switchable transparent region and a plurality of hollow regions for pixel chip penetration between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; having a first opening for pixel chip penetration in both the passivation layer and the corresponding hollow regions of the flexible substrate; filling the switchable transparent region with magnetic particles; and forming a protective layer on the flexible substrate on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate. Because the liquid crystals filled in the first and second grooves will be arranged in an orderly manner under the action of the electric field, the switchable transparent area will be in an opaque state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area in the dark state. As a result, the brightness contrast between the switchable transparent area in the dark state and the hollow area is very obvious, thereby improving the contrast ratio.

[0110] In addition, since the switchable transparent area of ​​this application is also filled with magnetic particles, when it is necessary to keep the switchable transparent area transparent, it is only necessary to set magnetic particles outside the switchable transparent area to form a magnetic field with the magnetic particles in the switchable transparent area. Under the action of the magnetic field, the orderly arrangement of liquid crystal in the first groove and the second groove is disrupted, so that the switchable transparent area cannot maintain haze, thereby changing the switchable transparent area from a non-transparent state to a transparent state.

[0111] In one embodiment, there are three first electrodes 101, three second electrodes 102, one switchable transparent area 103, and three hollow areas 104.

[0112] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the number of first electrodes 101 is greater than three, and the number of second electrodes 102 is greater than three.

[0113] For example, the number of first electrodes 101 can be five, the number of second electrodes 102 can be five, the number of switchable transparent areas 103 can be four, and the number of hollow areas 104 can be twelve. In this case, the first electrodes 101, second electrodes 102, switchable transparent areas 103, and hollow areas 104 can be contained within a single switchable transparent film 1. Of course, the number of first electrodes 101, second electrodes 102, switchable transparent areas 103, and hollow areas 104 can be determined according to the specific application scenario, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0114] Please see Figure 9 In one embodiment, prior to step S101 described above, the following steps may also be included:

[0115] S1001: Provides a support substrate;

[0116] S1002: An adhesion layer is formed on the surface of the support substrate;

[0117] S1003: A flexible substrate is formed on the surface of the adhesive layer.

[0118] In step S1001, please refer to Figure 9 Step S1001 and Figure 10 Provides a support substrate 50.

[0119] Optionally, the support substrate 50 can be made of glass. Of course, the support substrate 50 can also be made of other materials, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0120] In step S1002, please refer to Figure 9 Step S1002 and Figure 10 An adhesion layer 501 is formed on the surface of the support substrate 50.

[0121] In step S1002, please refer to Figure 9 Step S1002 and Figure 10 A flexible substrate 10 is formed on the surface of the adhesion layer 501.

[0122] Since the flexible substrate 10 is made of a relatively soft material, the adhesive layer 501 can be used to adhere the flexible substrate 10 to the support substrate 50, which is made of a relatively hard material, thereby facilitating subsequent processing steps on the flexible substrate 10.

[0123] Based on the above embodiments, before step S107, the method may further include: removing the support substrate 50.

[0124] Please continue reading. Figure 8The present invention also provides a switchable transparent display film 1, comprising: a flexible substrate 10, wherein at least one transparent adjustment region corresponding to a pixel unit is disposed on the flexible substrate 10; a plurality of first electrodes 101 arranged at intervals are disposed on each transparent adjustment region, the plurality of first electrodes 101 extending along a first direction; a first groove 1011 is formed on the first electrode 101, and liquid crystal 20 is filled in the first groove 1011; a passivation layer 30 is disposed on the side of the first electrode 101 away from the flexible substrate 10, and a plurality of vias 301 are disposed on the passivation layer 30; and a plurality of second electrodes 102 arranged at intervals are disposed on the passivation layer 30 away from the flexible substrate 10. On one side, multiple second electrodes 102 extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, so that adjacent second electrodes 102 and adjacent first electrodes 101 enclose a switchable transparent area 103 and multiple hollow areas 104 for pixel chip penetration; a second groove 1021 is formed on the second electrode 102, and liquid crystal 20 is filled in the second groove 1021; magnetic particles 40 are filled in the switchable transparent area 103, and the passivation layer 30 and the flexible substrate 10 are respectively formed with first openings for pixel chip penetration in the hollow areas 104; a protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate 10 and located on the side of the second electrode 102 away from the flexible substrate 10.

[0125] The flexible substrate 10 can be made of polyimide. Of course, the flexible substrate 10 can also be made of other flexible materials. This embodiment does not limit the application of these materials.

[0126] Optionally, the first electrode 101 can be an anode; of course, the first electrode 101 can also be a cathode, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0127] The first direction can be as follows: Figure 8 The vertical direction shown can be any other direction, and this embodiment does not limit it; the liquid crystal 20 can be liquid and can flow in the first groove 1011.

[0128] The passivation layer 30 can be made of silicon nitride phase compound (SiN). x Of course, the passivation layer 30 can also be made of other materials, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0129] The second electrode 102 has the opposite polarity to the first electrode 101. That is, when the first electrode 101 is the anode, the second electrode 102 is the cathode; when the first electrode 101 is the cathode, the second electrode 102 is the anode.

[0130] Optionally, the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction; for example, the second direction can be as follows: Figure 5 The second direction is shown as the horizontal direction. Of course, the second direction can also be other directions, and this embodiment is not limited to them.

[0131] The liquid crystal 20 filled in the second groove 1021 and the liquid crystal 20 filled in the first groove 1011 can both be cholesteric liquid crystals.

[0132] When an electric field is formed by energizing the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102, the ordered arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 causes the switchable transparent area 103 to maintain a hazy appearance, while the cutout area 104, being cut out, does not exhibit haziness. Thus, by forming an electric field, the switchable transparent area 103 can be made dark, and in this state, it is opaque, thereby increasing its darkness. Meanwhile, the cutout area 104 can display pixel colors normally. The brightness contrast between the darkened switchable transparent area 103 and the cutout area 104 is very obvious, thus improving contrast.

[0133] In addition, the liquid crystal 20 has a threshold voltage, and the liquid crystal 20 will only be driven when this threshold voltage is exceeded. Optionally, the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 can be made different from the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal 20 in the second groove 1021 by adjusting parameters such as the number and concentration of the liquid crystal 20.

[0134] The magnetic particles 40 can be cobalt metal, rare earth metals (lanthanides), etc., and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0135] By filling the switchable transparent area 103 with magnetic particles 40, and when it is necessary to switch the switchable transparent area 103 to a transparent state, magnetic particles 40 are set outside the switchable transparent area 103 to form a magnetic field with the magnetic particles 40 in the switchable transparent area 103. Under the action of the magnetic field, the electric field of the switchable transparent area 103 is disturbed, thereby disrupting the orderly arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021, so that the switchable transparent area 103 cannot maintain haze, and thus the switchable transparent area 103 is in a transparent state at this time.

[0136] Optionally, the surface of the magnetic particles 40 may also be coated with resin.

[0137] Optionally, the magnetic particles 40 can be spherical with a diameter of less than 2 micrometers. Of course, the magnetic particles 40 can also have other shapes, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0138] The switchable transparent display film 1 of this embodiment includes: a flexible substrate 10, on which at least one transparent adjustment area is disposed for each pixel unit; a plurality of first electrodes 101 are disposed on each transparent adjustment area, the plurality of first electrodes 101 extending along a first direction; a first groove 1011 is formed on the first electrode 101, and the first groove 1011 is filled with liquid crystal 20; a passivation layer 30 is disposed on the side of the first electrode 101 away from the flexible substrate 10, and a plurality of vias 301 are disposed on the passivation layer 30; and a plurality of second electrodes 102 are disposed on the side of the passivation layer 30 away from the flexible substrate 10. Multiple second electrodes 102 extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, so that adjacent second electrodes 102 and adjacent first electrodes 101 enclose a switchable transparent area 103 and multiple hollow areas 104 for pixel chip penetration. A second groove 1021 is formed on the second electrode 102, and the second groove 1021 is filled with liquid crystal 20. Magnetic particles 40 are filled in the switchable transparent area 103. The passivation layer 30 and the flexible substrate 10 each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration corresponding to the hollow areas 104. A protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate 10 and located on the side of the second electrode 102 away from the flexible substrate 10. Because the liquid crystal 20 filled in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021 will be arranged in an orderly manner under the action of an electric field, the switchable transparent area 103 will present an opaque state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area 103 in the dark state. This results in a significant brightness contrast between the dark switchable transparent area 103 and the hollow areas 104, thus improving the contrast ratio.

[0139] In one embodiment, the first groove 1011 extends along a first direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the second electrodes 102; the second groove 1021 extends along a second direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the first electrodes 101.

[0140] In one embodiment, each transparent adjustment area is provided with a protective layer.

[0141] In one embodiment, the protective layer is provided with a second opening (not shown) that corresponds one-to-one with the hollow area 104, and the protective layer covers the second electrode 102 and the switchable transparent area 103.

[0142] Optionally, the protective layer can be a transparent polymer film, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Of course, the protective layer can also be other transparent films, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0143] In one embodiment, magnetic particles 40 fill both sides or one side of the passivation layer 30 within the switchable transparency area 103.

[0144] In one embodiment, the passivation layer 30 has a third opening (not shown) corresponding to the switchable transparency area 103, and magnetic particles 40 are filled between the flexible substrate 10 and the protective layer.

[0145] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, there are three first electrodes 101, three second electrodes 102, one switchable transparent area 103, and three hollow areas 104.

[0146] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the number of first electrodes 101 is greater than three, and the number of second electrodes 102 is greater than three.

[0147] For example, the number of first electrodes 101 can be five, the number of second electrodes 102 can be five, the number of switchable transparent areas 103 can be four, and the number of hollow areas 104 can be twelve. In this case, the first electrodes 101, second electrodes 102, switchable transparent areas 103, and hollow areas 104 can be contained within a single switchable transparent film 1. Of course, the number of first electrodes 101, second electrodes 102, switchable transparent areas 103, and hollow areas 104 can be determined according to the specific application scenario, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0148] Please see Figures 11 to 13 This application also provides a display panel, including: a back plate 60; a bonding layer 70 located on the surface of the back plate 60; a pixel unit including a plurality of pixel chips 80, the plurality of pixel chips 80 being electrically connected to the back plate 60 through the bonding layer 70; a switchable transparent display film 1 as in any of the above embodiments, attached to the bonding layer 70, and each pixel chip 80 being located within or passing through the cutout area 104; one of the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 being electrically connected to the back plate 60, and the other electrode being grounded.

[0149] In one embodiment, the backplate 60 includes a backplate electrode 601, one of the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 is electrically connected to the backplate electrode 601, and the other electrode is grounded.

[0150] in, Figure 12 for Figure 11 An enlarged structural diagram of the area within the dashed box. Figure 13 for Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the structure along the AB direction.

[0151] like Figure 13As shown. The bonding layer 70 may include a magnetic bonding region 701, which contains magnetic particles 40. The magnetic bonding region 701 is correspondingly disposed with the switchable transparent region 103 of the switchable transparent display film 1. The magnetic particles 40 in the magnetic bonding region 701 can form a magnetic field with the magnetic particles 40 in the switchable transparent region 103, thereby interfering with the orderly arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 in the switchable transparent region 103, thereby causing the switchable transparent region 103 to be converted to a transparent state.

[0152] The pixel chip 80 may include a red light pixel chip, a blue light pixel chip, and a green light pixel chip, with one red light pixel chip, one blue light pixel chip, and one green light pixel chip included in one pixel unit. For example, as... Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 As shown, Figure 12 The pixel chip 80 in the middle can be a green light pixel chip, while... Figure 13 In the image, the pixel chip located above the green pixel chip can be a red pixel chip, and... Figure 13 The other pixel chip 80 located above the switchable transparency area 103 can be a blue light pixel chip.

[0153] Similarly, when an electric field is formed by energizing the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 of the switchable transparent display film 1, the orderly arrangement of the liquid crystal 20 causes the switchable transparent area 103 to maintain a hazy appearance, while the cutout area 104, being cut out, does not exhibit haziness. Thus, by forming an electric field, the switchable transparent area 103 can be made to appear dark. At this time, the switchable transparent area 103 is in a non-transparent state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area 103. Since the pixel chip 80 within the cutout area 104 can normally display pixel colors, the brightness contrast between the pixel colors displayed by the pixel chip 80 and the dark state displayed by the switchable transparent area 103 is very obvious, thereby improving the contrast ratio.

[0154] Optional, such as Figure 13 As shown, the first electrode 101 and the back plate 60 can be electrically connected via silver paste 602. Furthermore, the silver paste 602 can be prepared using an ag dotting process.

[0155] The display panel of this embodiment includes: a back plate 60; a bonding layer 70 located on the surface of the back plate 60; a pixel unit including a plurality of pixel chips 80, the plurality of pixel chips 80 being electrically connected to the back plate 60 through the bonding layer 70; a switchable transparent display film 1 as described in any of the above embodiments, attached to the bonding layer 70, with each pixel chip 80 located within or passing through the cutout area 104; one of the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 being electrically connected to the back plate 60, and the other electrode being grounded. Because the liquid crystal 20 filled in the first groove 1011 and the second groove 1021 of the switchable transparent display film 1 will be arranged in an orderly manner under the action of an electric field, the switchable transparent area 103 will present an opaque, non-transparent state, thereby increasing the darkness of the switchable transparent area 103 in its dark state. This results in a significant brightness contrast between the dark switchable transparent area 103 and the pixel colors presented by the pixel chips 80 in the cutout area 104, thus improving the contrast ratio.

[0156] In one embodiment, the pixel chip 80 is a MicroLED, MiniLED, or LED chip of other sizes; this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0157] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A switchable transparent display film, characterized in that, include: A flexible substrate, wherein at least one transparent adjustment area is provided on the flexible substrate for each pixel unit to correspond to one-to-one; Each of the transparent adjustment areas is provided with a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first electrodes extend along a first direction; a first groove is formed on the first electrode, and the first groove is filled with liquid crystal. A passivation layer is disposed on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate, and a plurality of vias are disposed on the passivation layer; Multiple second electrodes arranged at intervals are disposed on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate. The multiple second electrodes extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction, so that adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes enclose a switchable transparent area and multiple hollow areas for pixel chip penetration. A second groove is formed on the second electrode, and the second groove is filled with liquid crystal. The switchable transparent area is filled with magnetic particles. The passivation layer and the flexible substrate each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration corresponding to the hollow areas. A protective layer is disposed on the flexible substrate and located on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate.

2. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first groove extends along the first direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the second electrodes; the second groove extends along the second direction and spans the region overlapping with each of the first electrodes.

3. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each transparent adjustment zone is equipped with the aforementioned protective layer.

4. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The protective layer has a second opening that corresponds one-to-one with the hollow area, and the protective layer covers the second electrode and the switchable transparent area.

5. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 1, 2, or 4, characterized in that, The magnetic particles fill both sides or one side of the passivation layer within the switchable transparency area.

6. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 1, 2, or 4, characterized in that, The passivation layer has a third opening corresponding to the switchable transparency area, and the magnetic particles fill the space between the flexible substrate and the protective layer.

7. The switchable transparent display film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of first electrodes is three, the number of second electrodes is three, the number of switchable transparent areas is one, and the number of hollow areas is three.

8. A method for preparing a switchable transparent display film, characterized in that, The method for fabricating a switchable transparent display film as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 includes: A flexible substrate is provided, wherein at least one transparent adjustment area is provided on the flexible substrate for each pixel unit to correspond to it. Multiple first electrodes are formed on each of the transparent adjustment areas at intervals, the first electrodes extend along a first direction, and a first groove is formed on the first electrode; The first groove is filled with liquid crystal; A passivation layer is formed on the side of the first electrode away from the flexible substrate; and multiple vias are formed on the passivation layer; A plurality of second electrodes are formed at intervals on the side of the passivation layer away from the flexible substrate. The second electrodes extend along a second direction, which intersects with the first direction. A second groove is formed on the second electrode. The second groove is filled with liquid crystal; A switchable transparent area and multiple cutout areas for pixel chip penetration are formed between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes; the passivation layer and the flexible substrate each have a first opening for pixel chip penetration in the corresponding cutout areas. Magnetic particles are filled within the switchable transparent area; A protective layer is formed on the flexible substrate and on the side of the second electrode away from the flexible substrate.

9. The method for preparing the switchable transparent display film as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Before providing the flexible substrate, the method further includes: providing a support substrate; forming an adhesion layer on the surface of the support substrate; and forming a flexible substrate on the surface of the adhesion layer. Before forming a switchable transparent area and a plurality of cutout areas for pixel chip penetration between adjacent second electrodes and adjacent first electrodes, the method further includes: removing the support substrate.

10. The method for preparing the switchable transparent display film as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The number of first electrodes is three, the number of second electrodes is three, the number of switchable transparent areas is one, and the number of hollow areas is three.

11. A display panel, characterized in that, include: Back panel; The bonding layer is located on the surface of the backplate; A pixel unit includes multiple pixel chips, and the multiple pixel chips are electrically connected to the backplane through a bonding layer; The switchable transparent display film as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is attached to the bonding layer, and each of the pixel chips is located within or through the cutout area; one of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected to the backplate, and the other electrode is grounded.

12. The display panel as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, The pixel chip is either MicroLED or MiniLED.

13. The display panel as described in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The backplate includes a backplate electrode, one of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected to the backplate electrode, and the other electrode is grounded.

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