A police training dummy

Abstract

The application discloses a police training dummy in the technical field of training equipment, which comprises a moving base, a humanoid frame and a bulletproof plate, a fixing assembly is internally installed with a telescopic cylinder on the moving base, the output end of the telescopic cylinder is installed with a synchronous support, both ends of the synchronous support are fixedly connected with fixing sucking discs, the moving base is internally installed with a fixing pipe, the bottom of the fixing pipe is installed with a telescopic motor, the output end of the telescopic motor is fixedly installed with a piston disc, the piston disc is in sliding fit in the fixing pipe, an auxiliary air passage is arranged between the synchronous support and the fixing sucking disc, the space above the fixing pipe is communicated with the auxiliary air passage through a hose, a plurality of pressure sensors are installed on the outer surface of the trunk, a support column is fixedly connected in the head, a plurality of pressure supporting rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support column, arc-shaped pieces are fixedly connected to the end portions of the pressure supporting rods, and the bulletproof plate is detachably installed on the trunk. The application can know the training results in real time, realizes a plurality of training modes and is beneficial to improving the training effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of training equipment technology, specifically a police training dummy. Background Technology

[0002] In current police combat training, in order to improve training effectiveness, certain auxiliary equipment is used to simulate real combat as much as possible. The training items are also different, including various training such as combat, control, and shooting. The existing training dummies have limited functions and cannot intuitively reflect the training process. There is generally no timely feedback during the training process, which is not conducive to the trainees' timely adjustment and correction. It is also difficult to achieve multi-scenario training, which affects the training effect and cannot closely reflect the actual police training.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention designs a police training dummy to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a police training dummy to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the limited functionality of existing training dummies, the lack of timely feedback during training, the difficulty in achieving multi-scenario training, and the impact on training effectiveness.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A police training dummy includes a movable base, a humanoid frame, and a bulletproof plate. The movable base and the humanoid frame are fixedly connected by a support column. The movable base contains a movable component and a fixed component. The fixed component includes a telescopic cylinder installed inside the movable base. A synchronization bracket is installed at the output end of the telescopic cylinder. Fixed suction cups are fixedly connected to both ends of the synchronization bracket. A fixed tube is installed inside the movable base. A telescopic motor is installed at the bottom of the fixed tube. A piston disc is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic motor. The piston disc is located inside the fixed tube and the two are in sliding cooperation. An auxiliary airway is provided between the synchronization bracket and the fixed suction cups. The space above the fixed tube is connected to the auxiliary airway through a flexible tube. The humanoid frame has a head, movable arms, and a torso. Multiple pressure sensors are installed on the exterior of the torso. A support column is fixedly connected inside the head. Multiple pressure struts are fixedly connected to the exterior of the support column. Arc-shaped pieces are fixedly connected to the ends of the pressure struts. The arc-shaped pieces form the head. The bulletproof plate is detachably installed on the torso.

[0007] Furthermore, the moving component includes a moving bracket fixedly installed inside the moving base. Multiple servo motors are mounted on the top of the moving bracket. Wheel frames are mounted on the output ends of the servo motors. A drive motor is mounted on one side of the wheel frame. A moving wheel is mounted on the output end of the drive motor. The moving base has a moving hole, through which the wheel frame extends.

[0008] Furthermore, a central plate is fixedly installed inside the mobile base, and a circuit board is installed on the top of the central plate. The circuit board is electrically connected to the servo motor and the drive motor to control the moving wheels. The circuit board also includes a voice control module, which is used to drive the moving wheels through the circuit board.

[0009] Furthermore, the torso shoulder is provided with a mounting hole, in which a shoulder motor is installed. A connecting plate is installed at the output end of the shoulder motor. The upper arm is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting plate. An end motor is installed inside the connecting plate. The end motor drives the upper arm to rotate. The lower arm is rotatably connected to the end of the upper arm. An elbow motor is installed inside the end of the upper arm. The elbow motor drives the lower arm to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, both the connecting plate and the upper arm end are provided with mounting shafts, and both the upper arm and the lower arm end are fixedly connected with outer bushings. The outer bushings of the upper arm and the lower arm are respectively sleeved on the mounting shafts of the connecting plate and the upper arm. Both the connecting plate and the upper arm end are provided with mounting cavities. The end motor and the elbow motor are respectively installed in the mounting cavities of the connecting plate and the upper arm. Both the end motor and the elbow motor mesh with their respective outer bushings through gears at their output ends.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure sensors on the torso surface include a heart sensor and an abdominal sensor. The torso has an internal cavity, and a control board, a battery, and a speaker are installed inside the torso. The control board is used to receive and process sensor signals and broadcast them through the speaker. The battery is used to power the mobile base and the humanoid frame.

[0012] Furthermore, both the front and rear surfaces of the torso have mating holes. A positioning post and a connecting post are fixedly installed on the rear side of the bulletproof plate. The connecting post is a hollow post with a connecting bent rod rotatably connected to its end. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the connecting post. A long slide rail is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod. The bottom end of the connecting bent rod is bent inward and has a side sliding shaft installed. The side sliding shaft is located inside the long slide rail, and the two slide together. A fixing ring is provided inside the connecting post. An insertion window is provided at the top of the fixing ring. A fixing plate is rotatably connected to the outer end of the sliding rod. A rotating plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate, and a fixing strip is fixedly connected to its side. The fixing strip cooperates with the insertion window.

[0013] Furthermore, the human-shaped frame is made of fiber sheet, and a wearable cushioning layer can be wrapped around the outside of the human-shaped frame. The pressure support rod is a glass fiber rod with a pressure sensor installed at its end.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] When using this device, the mobile base is fixed to the ground by a fixed suction cup, so that it will not move during the corresponding training. The fixed suction cup itself can initially fix the mobile base after the air is expelled. In conjunction with the downward movement of the piston plate, the negative pressure environment between the fixed suction cup and the ground is more reliable and the fixation is more stable.

[0016] When the base needs to be moved, the piston disc moves upward via the telescopic motor, pushing the air in the fixing tube through the hose and auxiliary air passage between the fixing suction cup and the ground. The fixing suction cup can then be easily lifted off the ground, thus avoiding the problem of the fixing suction cup being difficult to remove, making this fixing method more flexible and convenient.

[0017] When conducting training on moving targets, bulletproof plates are first worn on the mannequin, and then the movable base can be moved continuously to facilitate shooting training. When combat training is required, the arms can be continuously swung and struck in conjunction with the movable base to achieve mobile or fixed combat training. If a designated part of the mannequin is hit during training, the impact point and force can be detected by pressure sensors, allowing trainees to monitor training results in real time. This enables multiple training modes, closely resembles actual police training, and helps improve training effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from an upward angle;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side-view half-section structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front-view half-section structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural diagram of part A of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of part B of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a top-view half-section structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the connecting column structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a half-section enlarged structural diagram of the connecting column of the present invention.

[0028] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0029] 1. Mobile base; 2. Humanoid frame; 3. Bulletproof plate; 4. Support column; 5. Telescopic cylinder; 6. Synchronization bracket; 7. Fixed suction cup; 8. Fixed tube; 9. Telescopic motor; 10. Piston disc; 11. Auxiliary air passage; 12. Hose; 13. Pressure strut; 14. Arc-shaped plate; 15. Mobile bracket; 16. Servo motor; 17. Wheel frame; 18. Drive motor; 19. Mobile wheel; 20. Moving hole; 21. Middle plate; 22. Circuit board; 23. Shoulder motor; 24. Connecting plate; 25. Boom; 26. End motor; 27. Forearm; 28. Elbow motor; 29. ​​Outer bushing; 30. Gear; 31. Heart sensor; 32. Abdominal sensor; 33. Control board; 34. Battery; 35. Speaker; 36. Mating hole; 37. Positioning post; 38. Connecting post; 39. Connecting bent rod; 40. Slide rod; 41. Long slide rail; 42. Side slide shaft; 43. Fixing ring; 44. Insertion window; 45. Fixing plate; 46. Rotary plate; 47. Fixing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0032] A police training dummy includes a movable base 1, a mannequin frame 2, and a bulletproof plate 3. The movable base 1 and the mannequin frame 2 are fixedly connected by a support column 4. The movable base 1 contains a moving component and a fixing component. The fixing component includes a telescopic cylinder 5 installed inside the movable base 1. A synchronization bracket 6 is installed at the output end of the telescopic cylinder 5. Both ends of the synchronization bracket 6 are fixedly connected to fixing suction cups 7. A fixing tube 8 is installed inside the movable base 1. A telescopic motor 9 is installed at the bottom of the fixing tube 8. A piston disc 10 is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic motor 9. The plug 10 is located inside the fixed tube 8 and the two slide together. An auxiliary airway 11 is provided between the synchronous bracket 6 and the fixed suction cup 7. The space above the fixed tube 8 and the auxiliary airway 11 are connected by a hose 12. The humanoid frame 2 has a head, movable arms and torso. Multiple pressure sensors are installed on the outside of the torso. A support column 4 is fixedly connected inside the head. Multiple pressure rods 13 are fixedly connected to the outside of the support column 4. An arc-shaped piece 14 is fixedly connected to the end of each pressure rod 13. The arc-shaped piece 14 constitutes the head. The bulletproof plate 3 is detachably installed on the torso.

[0033] When in use, the device moves by means of a moving component. When it needs to be stationary, the telescopic cylinder 5 moves the synchronous support 6 downward, which in turn moves the fixed suction cup 7 at the bottom downward until it contacts the ground. When the fixed suction cup 7 is in contact with the ground, the telescopic motor 9 is activated, which moves the piston plate 10 downward inside the fixed tube 8. This draws the air between the fixed suction cup 7 and the ground into the fixed tube 8. At this time, there is a negative pressure between the fixed suction cup 7 and the ground, which fixes the moving base 1 to the ground. This prevents the base from moving during training. The fixed suction cup 7 itself can initially fix the moving base 1 after the air is emptied. The downward movement of the piston plate 10 makes the negative pressure environment between the fixed suction cup 7 and the ground more reliable and the fixation more stable.

[0034] When the base 1 needs to be moved, the piston disc 10 is moved upward by the telescopic motor 9, and the air in the fixing tube 8 is pushed into the space between the fixing suction cup 7 and the ground through the hose 12 and the auxiliary air channel 11. The negative pressure environment between the two no longer exists. At this time, the fixing suction cup 7 can be easily pulled off the ground, thereby avoiding the problem of the fixing suction cup 7 being difficult to remove, making this fixing method more flexible and convenient.

[0035] When conducting training on moving targets, the bulletproof plate 3 is first worn on the mannequin 2, and then the movable base 1 can be moved continuously to complete the shooting training. When it is necessary to conduct combat training, the arms can be continuously swung and, in conjunction with the movable base 1, mobile combat training or fixed combat training can be achieved. If a designated part of the mannequin 2 is hit during training, the impact point and impact force can be detected by the pressure sensor, so that the trainees can know the training results in real time, which is conducive to improving the training effect.

[0036] The moving component includes a moving bracket 15 fixedly installed inside the moving base 1. Multiple servo motors 16 are installed on the top of the moving bracket 15. A wheel frame 17 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 16. A drive motor 18 is installed on one side of the wheel frame 17. A moving wheel 19 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 18. The moving base 1 has a moving hole 20, through which the wheel frame 17 extends.

[0037] When moving, the direction of the wheel frame 17 is controlled by the servo motor 16, thereby controlling the steering of the moving wheel 19. The moving wheel 19 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 18, thereby realizing the movement and steering of the moving base 1.

[0038] The mobile base 1 has a central plate 21 fixedly installed inside, and a circuit board 22 is installed on the top of the central plate 21. The circuit board 22 is electrically connected to the servo motor 16 and the drive motor 18 to control the moving wheel 19. The circuit board 22 also includes a voice control module, which is used to drive the moving wheel 19 through the circuit board 22.

[0039] The circuit board 22 can pre-store various movement modes of the mobile base 1, and the voice control module can control the movement direction and speed of the mobile base 1 in real time, so that it can move forward, backward, left and right according to the instructions, making the whole device more flexible and meeting various training needs.

[0040] The torso has a mounting hole at the shoulder, in which a shoulder motor 23 is installed. A connecting plate 24 is installed at the output end of the shoulder motor 23. A large arm 25 is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting plate 24. An end motor 26 is installed inside the connecting plate 24. The end motor 26 drives the large arm 25 to rotate. A forearm 27 is rotatably connected to the end of the large arm 25. An elbow motor 28 is installed inside the end of the large arm 25. The elbow motor 28 drives the forearm 27 to rotate.

[0041] The connecting plate 24 and the upper arm 25 are both equipped with mounting shafts. The upper arm 25 and the lower arm 27 are both fixedly connected with outer bushings 29. The outer bushings 29 of the upper arm 25 and the lower arm 27 are respectively sleeved on the mounting shafts of the connecting plate 24 and the upper arm 25. The connecting plate 24 and the upper arm 25 are both provided with mounting cavities. The end motor 26 and the elbow motor 28 are respectively installed in the mounting cavities of the connecting plate 24 and the upper arm 25. The end motor 26 and the elbow motor 28 are both meshed with their respective outer bushings 29 through the gears 30 at the output end.

[0042] The swinging of the arms is achieved by three motors: the shoulder motor 23 raises the upper arm 25, the end motor 26 abducts the upper arm 25, and the elbow motor 18 rotates the forearm 27, thereby simulating human limb movements and assisting in completing the required training. The abduction of the upper arm 25 and the rotation of the forearm 27 are based on the same principle. Taking the rotation of the forearm 27 as an example, the elbow motor 28 drives the gear 30 at its end to rotate, which in turn drives the outer bushing 29 that meshes with it to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the forearm 27.

[0043] The pressure sensors on the torso surface include a heart sensor 31 and an abdominal sensor 32. The torso has a cavity inside, and a control board 33, a battery 34, and a speaker 35 are installed inside the torso. The control board 33 is used to receive and process sensor signals and broadcast them through the speaker 35, while simultaneously controlling the operation of the shoulder motor 23, the end motor 26, and the elbow motor 28. The battery 34 is used to power the mobile base 1 and the humanoid frame 2.

[0044] Among them, the human-shaped frame 2 is made of fiber sheet, and a wearable cushioning layer can be wrapped around the human-shaped frame 2. The pressure support rod 13 is a glass fiber rod with a pressure sensor installed at the end.

[0045] The control board 33 receives signals from the pressure sensor on the head, the heart sensor 31, and the abdomen sensor 32. When pressure is applied, it broadcasts the location and force of the pressure through a speaker, providing real-time feedback to the trainee so they can know whether the training is adequate and whether the strikes are accurate and powerful. Notably, the head is composed of multiple curved plates 14. When the head is struck, the struck curved plate 14 acts on the pressure support rod 13, causing it to experience pressure. The pressure sensor transmits the location and force of the strike. Due to the head's unique design, the combination of curved plates 14 allows for precise targeting to a specific direction or location, thus adapting to training needs.

[0046] The torso has mating holes 36 on both the front and rear surfaces. A positioning post 37 and a connecting post 38 are fixedly installed on the rear side of the bulletproof plate 3. The connecting post 38 is a hollow post with a connecting bent rod 39 rotatably connected to its end. A sliding rod 40 is slidably connected inside the connecting post 38. A long slide rail 41 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 40. The bottom end of the connecting bent rod 39 is bent inward and a side sliding shaft 42 is installed. The side sliding shaft 42 is located inside the long slide rail 41 and the two slide together. A fixing ring 43 is opened inside the connecting post 38. An insertion window 44 is opened at the top of the fixing ring 43. A fixing plate 45 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the sliding rod 40. A rotating plate 46 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate 45 and a fixing strip 47 is fixedly connected to its side. The fixing strip 47 cooperates with the insertion window 44.

[0047] During shooting training, the positioning pin 37 at the bottom of the ballistic plate 3 is inserted into the mating hole 36 at the bottom of the torso, and then the connecting pin 38 is inserted into the mating hole 36 at the top of the torso. After insertion, the sliding rod 40 is pressed inward to move the long sliding rail 41 inward, causing the bottom of the connecting bent rod 39 to rotate inward, thereby causing the end of the connecting bent rod 39 to rotate outward and open, locking into the inner side of the mating hole 36. Then, the rotating plate 46 is rotated to drive the fixing plate 45 to rotate, so that the fixing strip 47 is aligned with the insertion window 44 and enters the fixing ring 43. Then, the rotating plate 46 is rotated to make the fixing strip 47 and the insertion window 44 misaligned, thereby fixing the relative position of the sliding rod 40, preventing it from moving forward or backward, thus fixing the ballistic plate 3 to the torso. The same applies to the rear ballistic plate 3. During disassembly, simply rotate the rotating plate 46 to rotate the fixing plate 47 and exit through the insertion window 44 to pull out the slide bar 40, thereby restoring the connecting bent bar 39 to its original state and allowing the connecting column 38 to be pulled out from the mating hole 36, thus removing the bulletproof plate 3. The installation and disassembly are both flexible and convenient, and the fixing is stable, which can quickly adapt to various training needs.

[0048] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A police training dummy, characterized in that: The device includes a mobile base (1), a humanoid frame (2), and a bulletproof plate (3). The mobile base (1) and the humanoid frame (2) are fixedly connected by a support column (4). The mobile base (1) is equipped with a moving component and a fixing component. The fixing component includes a telescopic cylinder (5) installed inside the mobile base (1). A synchronous bracket (6) is installed at the output end of the telescopic cylinder (5). Both ends of the synchronous bracket (6) are fixedly connected to a fixed suction cup (7). A fixing tube (8) is installed inside the mobile base (1). A telescopic motor (9) is installed at the bottom of the fixing tube (8). A piston disc (10) is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic motor (9). The disc (10) is located inside the fixed tube (8) and the two slide together. An auxiliary airway (11) is provided between the synchronous bracket (6) and the fixed suction cup (7). The space above the fixed tube (8) and the auxiliary airway (11) are connected by a hose (12). The humanoid frame (2) has a head, movable arms and torso. Multiple pressure sensors are installed on the outside of the torso. A support column (4) is fixedly connected inside the head. Multiple pressure rods (13) are fixedly connected on the outside of the support column (4). An arc-shaped piece (14) is fixedly connected to the end of each pressure rod (13). The arc-shaped piece (14) constitutes the head. The bulletproof plate (3) is detachably installed on the torso. The front and rear surfaces of the torso both have mating holes (36). The bulletproof plate (3) is fixedly installed with a positioning post (37) and a connecting post (38) on the rear side. The connecting post (38) is a hollow post with a connecting bent rod (39) rotatably connected to its end. A sliding rod (40) is slidably connected inside the connecting post (38). A long slide rail (41) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod (40). The bottom end of the connecting bent rod (39) is bent inward and a side sliding shaft (42) is installed. The side sliding shaft (42) is located inside the long slide rail (41), and the two slide together. A fixing ring (43) is opened inside the connecting post (38). An insertion window (44) is opened at the top of the fixing ring (43). A fixing plate (45) is rotatably connected to the outer end of the sliding rod (40). A rotating plate (46) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate (45), and a fixing strip (47) is fixedly connected to the side. The fixing strip (47) cooperates with the insertion window (44).

2. The police training dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component includes a moving bracket (15) fixedly installed inside the moving base (1). Multiple servo motors (16) are installed on the top of the moving bracket (15). A wheel frame (17) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (16). A drive motor (18) is installed on one side of the wheel frame (17). A moving wheel (19) is installed at the output end of the drive motor (18). The moving base (1) has a moving hole (20), and the wheel frame (17) extends out through the moving hole (20).

3. The police training dummy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable base (1) has a central plate (21) fixedly installed inside. A circuit board (22) is installed on the top of the central plate (21). The circuit board (22) is electrically connected to the servo motor (16) and the drive motor (18) to control the moving wheel (19). The circuit board (22) also includes a voice control module, which is used to drive the moving wheel (19) through the circuit board (22).

4. The police training dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torso has a mounting hole on its shoulder, and a shoulder motor (23) is installed in the mounting hole. A connecting plate (24) is installed at the output end of the shoulder motor (23). A large arm (25) is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting plate (24). An end motor (26) is installed inside the connecting plate (24). The end motor (26) drives the large arm (25) to rotate. A forearm (27) is rotatably connected to the end of the large arm (25). An elbow motor (28) is installed inside the end of the large arm (25). The elbow motor (28) drives the forearm (27) to rotate.

5. A police training dummy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting plate (24) and the upper arm (25) are both provided with mounting shafts. The upper arm (25) and the lower arm (27) are both fixedly connected with outer bushings (29). The outer bushings (29) of the upper arm (25) and the lower arm (27) are respectively sleeved on the mounting shafts of the connecting plate (24) and the upper arm (25). The connecting plate (24) and the upper arm (25) are both provided with mounting cavities. The end motor (26) and the elbow motor (28) are respectively installed in the mounting cavities of the connecting plate (24) and the upper arm (25). The end motor (26) and the elbow motor (28) are both meshed with their respective outer bushings (29) through the gears (30) at the output end.

6. The police training dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor on the surface of the torso includes a heart sensor (31) and an abdominal sensor (32). The torso has a cavity inside, and a control board (33), a battery (34) and a speaker (35) are installed inside the torso. The control board (33) is used to receive and process sensor signals and broadcast them through the speaker (35). The battery (34) is used to power the mobile base (1) and the humanoid frame (2).

7. A police training dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human-shaped frame (2) is made of fiber sheet, and the human-shaped frame (2) can be wrapped with a wearable buffer layer. The pressure support rod (13) is a glass fiber rod with a pressure sensor installed at its end.

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