A double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production

Abstract

This invention discloses a double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production, comprising a reaction tank, a driving gas supply assembly, and two disposal isolation assemblies. The driving gas supply assembly includes a column, a rotating seat, and two gas supply pipes. The disposal isolation assemblies include a hollow outer frame, horizontal hollow beams, vertical hollow beams, a semi-permeable membrane, and an isolation device. The horizontal and vertical hollow beams are arranged in a crisscross pattern within a quadrilateral frame formed by the hollow outer frame to enclose multiple smaller quadrilateral isolation zones within the hollow outer frame. The semi-permeable membrane is embedded in the isolation zone. The isolation device's rotating shaft is mounted outside the vertical hollow beam. A steam supply pipe and an air supply pipe are arranged in a mesh-like pattern within the mesh-like inner cavity formed by the hollow outer frame, horizontal hollow beams, and vertical hollow beams. The steam supply pipe is equipped with at least one steam outlet valve in each isolation zone. An exhaust device is arranged laterally on the side of the semi-permeable membrane facing the isolation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of potassium nitrate production technology, and in particular to a metathesis reaction system for potassium nitrate production. Background Technology

[0002] Potassium nitrate is an important inorganic chemical product and fertilizer, used in the manufacture of gunpowder, the production of potassium penicillin, rifampin, and other pharmaceuticals. It can also be used as a glass clarifying agent and catalyst.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for producing potassium nitrate in China are the metathesis method and the ion exchange method. The ion exchange method involves reacting ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride through an ion exchange reaction to produce potassium nitrate. Although this method improves product quality, it consumes a lot of energy, has complex equipment structures, and incurs high investment costs.

[0004] The metathesis process typically uses ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride as raw materials to produce potassium nitrate, with ammonium chloride as a byproduct. This method requires centrifugation and filtration of the generated ammonium chloride and potassium nitrate crystals, and intermediate materials also need to be processed separately in an ammoniation reactor and a metathesis reactor. The process is cumbersome, the equipment structure is complex, and the production efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention provides a metathesis reaction system for potassium nitrate production.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production includes a reaction tank, a driving gas supply assembly, and two disposal isolation assemblies. The driving gas supply assembly includes a column, a rotating seat, and two gas supply pipes. The rotating seat is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the column and has two independent rotating rings. The two gas supply pipes are respectively installed on the outer peripheral walls of the two rotating rings and connected to the disposal isolation assemblies.

[0008] The isolation assembly includes a hollow outer frame, horizontal hollow beams, vertical hollow beams, a semi-permeable membrane, and an isolation device. The horizontal and vertical hollow beams are arranged in a crisscross pattern within the quadrilateral frame formed by the hollow outer frame to enclose multiple smaller quadrilateral isolation zones within the hollow outer frame. The semi-permeable membrane is embedded in the isolation zone, and the isolation device's rotating shaft is installed outside the vertical hollow beam.

[0009] The hollow outer frame, horizontal hollow beams and vertical hollow beams form a mesh-like inner cavity with a steam supply pipe and an air supply pipe. The steam supply pipe is equipped with at least one steam outlet valve in each isolation zone. An exhaust device is arranged laterally on the side of the semi-permeable membrane facing the isolation device.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating ring can be driven independently to rotate axially, the hollow outer frame is connected to the air supply pipe, and a steam supply pipe and an air supply pipe are respectively connected to the air supply pipe, and the external supporting supply device supplies high-temperature steam and compressed air to the steam supply pipe and the air supply pipe respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust device includes an exhaust rod and a hose that pass through the sidewalls of the longitudinal hollow beam at both ends and are connected to the air supply pipe. The two ends of the exhaust rod are connected to the air supply pipe through the hose, and an exhaust one-way valve is provided on the side of the exhaust rod facing the semi-permeable membrane.

[0012] Preferably, a driven plate is provided inside the exhaust rod, the driven plate is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust rod and extends into the air supply pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal portion of the air supply pipe is equipped with a rotating rod capable of axial rotation, an eccentric block is provided at the corresponding position of the rotating rod and the driven plate, and a fan blade is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating rod.

[0014] Preferably, a toothed disc is installed at the upper end of the rotating rod, the toothed disc is connected to the rotating rod spring, the toothed disc meshes with the teeth of the adjusting magnetic block set at the upper end, and a spring return chamber is installed at the upper end of the adjusting magnetic block.

[0015] Preferably, the isolation device includes an isolation plate, a rotating shaft, and a conveyor belt. The rotating shaft is located on the side of the isolation plate near the longitudinal hollow beam. The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are inserted into the treatment chamber located outside the transverse hollow beam. After the isolation plate rotates toward the isolation area, it can completely cover the isolation area, thereby blocking the flow of liquid on both sides of the semipermeable membrane.

[0016] Preferably, the portion of the upper end of the rotating shaft inside the treatment chamber engages with the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt has magnetic poles on the side facing the adjusting magnetic block.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention uses a semi-permeable membrane filtration method to replace the existing centrifugal filtration process. When filtering product crystals, only two treatment isolation components need to be clamped in opposite directions to achieve solid-liquid separation, making the filtration more efficient.

[0019] 2. During filtration, the present invention continuously introduces high-speed compressed air into the treatment isolation component, causing the exhaust device to continuously impact the semi-permeable membrane and blow airflow onto the surface of the semi-permeable membrane. This prevents product crystals from adhering to the surface of the semi-permeable membrane when the treatment isolation components are clamped together, allowing the liquid to pass through the semi-permeable membrane efficiently for rapid solid-liquid separation. No product crystals remain on the surface of the semi-permeable membrane during discharge, resulting in a higher discharge yield.

[0020] 3. The opening and closing of the isolation device of the present invention is controlled by whether the air supply pipe is open, without the need for additional electronic control devices. The device has a simple structure and the linkage control is efficient and accurate, further reducing the system setup and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an independent disassembly diagram of the isolation area of ​​the disposal isolation component described in this invention from one viewing angle;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an independent disassembly diagram of the isolation area of ​​the disposal isolation component described in this invention from another viewing perspective;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a further disassembled view of the isolation area of ​​the disposal isolation component described in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a further disassembly diagram of the isolation area of ​​the disposal isolation component described in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Reaction vessel; 2. Drive gas supply assembly; 21. Column; 22. Rotary seat; 23. Gas supply pipe; 24. Rotating ring; 3. Disposal isolation assembly; 301. Isolation zone; 302. Disposal chamber; 31. Hollow outer frame; 32. Horizontal hollow beam; 33. Longitudinal hollow beam; 34. Semi-permeable membrane; 35. Isolation device; 351. Isolation plate; 352. Rotating shaft; 353. Belt moving component; 36. Steam supply pipe; 37. Air supply pipe; 371. Rotating rod; 372. Eccentric block; 373. Fan blade; 374. Gear plate; 375. Adjusting magnetic block; 376. Rebound chamber; 38. Steam outlet valve; 39. Exhaust device; 391. Exhaust rod; 392. Hose; 393. Driven plate; 4. Discharge device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-5 A double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production includes a reaction tank 1, a driving gas supply component 2, and a disposal isolation component 3. The driving gas supply component 2 is fixedly installed at the center of the axis of the reaction tank 1 and is used to drive the disposal isolation component 3 to rotate and move within the reaction tank 1.

[0030] The drive gas supply assembly 2 includes a column 21, a rotating seat 22, and two gas supply pipes 23. The column 21 is fixedly installed at the center of the axis of the reaction tank 1. The rotating seat 22 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the column 21. The rotating seat 22 has two independent rotating rings 24. The rotating rings 24 can be driven independently to rotate axially. The two gas supply pipes 23 are respectively installed on the outer peripheral walls of the two rotating rings 24, so as to rotate axially together with the rotating rings 24.

[0031] Two disposal isolation components 3 are provided. Each disposal isolation component 3 includes a hollow outer frame 31, a horizontal hollow beam 32, a vertical hollow beam 33, a semi-permeable membrane 34, and an isolation device 35. The sides of the hollow outer frame 31 are in close contact with the inner peripheral wall of the reaction tank 1 and the outer peripheral wall of the column 21, respectively, and the bottom surface of the hollow outer frame 31 is in close contact with the bottom of the reaction tank 1. The hollow outer frame 31 is connected to the gas supply pipe 23, so that it can be driven by the driving gas supply component 2 to fit and rotate inside the reaction tank 1.

[0032] The horizontal hollow beams 32 and the vertical hollow beams 33 are arranged in a crisscross pattern within the quadrilateral frame enclosed by the hollow outer frame 31, so as to enclose a plurality of smaller quadrilateral isolation zones 301 within the hollow outer frame 31. Each isolation zone 301 is inlaid with a semi-permeable membrane 34, which only allows fluid to pass through and blocks solid substances.

[0033] The isolation device 35 is installed outside the longitudinal hollow beam 33. The isolation device 35 includes an isolation plate 351, a rotating shaft 352, and a moving part 353. The rotating shaft 352 is located on the side of the isolation plate 351 near the longitudinal hollow beam 33. The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 352 are inserted into the treatment chamber 302 located outside the transverse hollow beam 32. After the isolation plate 351 rotates toward the isolation area 301, it can completely cover the isolation area 301, thereby blocking the flow of liquid on both sides of the semipermeable membrane 34.

[0034] Steam supply pipes 36 and air supply pipes 37 are installed inside the hollow outer frame 31, the horizontal hollow beams 32 and the vertical hollow beams 33. The steam supply pipes 36 and air supply pipes 37 are arranged in a mesh pattern within the mesh cavity formed by the hollow outer frame 31, the horizontal hollow beams 32 and the vertical hollow beams 33 to ensure that the steam supply pipes 36 and air supply pipes 37 pass through each isolation zone 301. The steam supply pipes 36 and air supply pipes 37 are respectively connected to the air supply pipes 23. The external supporting supply devices supply high-temperature steam and compressed air to the steam supply pipes 36 and air supply pipes 37 respectively.

[0035] The steam supply pipe 36 is equipped with at least one steam outlet valve 38 in each isolation zone 301. The steam outlet valve 38 is a one-way valve and will only open when a predetermined gas pressure is reached. During the ammoniation reaction, after the ammonium nitrate solution and calcium chloride are mixed in the reaction tank 1, the external supporting supply device first introduces steam into the steam supply pipe 36. The steam is discharged from each steam outlet valve 38 to heat the ammoniation reaction solution. At the same time, the driving gas supply component 2 drives the treatment isolation component 3 to rotate back and forth in the reaction tank 1 to stir the solution. The ammonium chloride crystals generated by the ammoniation reaction will be distributed on both sides of the treatment isolation component 3.

[0036] At least one openable and closable discharge device 4 is provided at the bottom of the reaction tank 1. After the ammonium chloride crystals are formed, the gas supply component 2 drives the two treatment isolation components 3 to move towards each other at the location of the discharge device 4 so as to gather the ammonium chloride crystals on the same side of the treatment isolation components 3. Then, the external supporting supply device supplies compressed air to the air supply pipe 37.

[0037] An exhaust device 39 is laterally arranged on the side of the semipermeable membrane 34 facing the isolation device 35. The exhaust device 39 includes an exhaust rod 391 with both ends penetrating through the sidewall of the longitudinal hollow beam 33 and communicating with the air supply pipe 37. The air entering the air supply pipe 37 will flow to the exhaust rod 391. An exhaust one-way valve is opened on the side of the exhaust rod 391 facing the semipermeable membrane 34. The air in the exhaust rod 391 will be sprayed out of the exhaust one-way valve to the semipermeable membrane 34, thereby washing away the ammonium chloride crystals attached to the surface of the semipermeable membrane 34, preventing the ammonium chloride crystals from blocking the semipermeable membrane 34 and hindering the normal flow of liquid on both sides of the semipermeable membrane 34, and at the same time making the discharge of ammonium chloride crystals more thorough.

[0038] Both ends of the exhaust rod 391 are connected to the air supply pipe 37 through the hose 392, so that the exhaust rod 391 has a certain range of motion outside the semi-permeable membrane 34. The exhaust rod 391 is provided with a driven piece 393 inside, which is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust rod 391 and extends into the air supply pipe 37. The longitudinal portion of the air supply pipe 37 is equipped with a rotating rod 371 capable of axial rotation. An eccentric block 372 is provided at the corresponding position of the rotating rod 371 and the driven plate 393. The eccentric block 372 is driven by the rotating rod 371 to rotate in a circle, thereby periodically pushing the driven plate 393 to swing laterally. A spring is installed between the driven plate 393 and the inner wall of the air supply pipe 37 to reset the driven plate 393 after it is pushed off course by the eccentric block 372. Under the rotational push of the eccentric block 372, the driven plate 393 drives the exhaust rod 391 to move continuously closer to and away from the semi-permeable membrane 34, thereby continuously striking the semi-permeable membrane 34 and causing it to vibrate, further shaking off the ammonium chloride crystals attached to the surface.

[0039] The outer circumferential surface of the rotating rod 371 is provided with fan blades 373. The high-speed air flowing into the exhaust rod 391 inside the air supply pipe 37 can drive the rotating rod 371, which is equipped with fan blades 373, to rotate axially. A toothed disc 374 is installed at the upper end of the rotating rod 371. The toothed disc 374 is spring-connected to the rotating rod 371, so that it can move vertically up and down while rotating axially in sync with the rotating rod 371. The toothed disc 374 meshes with the upper-mounted adjusting magnetic block 375. A spring-loaded chamber 376 is installed on the upper end of the adjusting magnetic block 375. The coil spring in the spring-loaded chamber 376 can drive the adjusting magnetic block 375 to rotate axially. When the rotating rod 371 rotates, the toothed disc 374 can drive the adjusting magnetic block 375 to rotate axially. As the rotation angle of the adjusting magnetic block 375 increases, the spring-loaded force provided by the spring-loaded chamber 376 also gradually increases. The spring-loaded force provided by the spring-loaded chamber 376 is balanced with the rotational thrust provided by the teeth after the adjusting magnetic block 375 has rotated half a revolution. At this time, the adjusting magnetic block 375 no longer rotates with the toothed disc 374. After the toothed disc 374 stops rotating, the spring-loaded chamber 376 can restore the adjusting magnetic block 375 to its initial position.

[0040] The upper end of the rotating shaft 352, within the treatment chamber 302, engages with the conveyor belt 353. The conveyor belt 353 can move horizontally towards and away from the adjusting magnet 375 within the treatment chamber 302, thereby driving the rotating shaft 352 to rotate. The conveyor belt 353 has a magnetic pole on the side facing the adjusting magnet 375. After the adjusting magnet 375 rotates half a revolution, the magnetic pole facing the conveyor belt 353 will change, thereby horizontally attracting or pushing away the conveyor belt 353.

[0041] It is understood that when the treatment isolation component 3 is accumulating ammonium chloride crystals, it supplies compressed air to the air supply pipe 37. While driving the exhaust rod 391 to strike the semi-permeable membrane 34, it also drives the rotating shaft 352 to rotate, thereby driving the isolation plate 351 to rotate and block the isolation area 301. At this time, the side of the treatment isolation components 3 that are close to each other is the ammonium chloride crystal accumulation area. By adjusting the treatment isolation component 3 to align the ammonium chloride crystal accumulation area with the discharge device 4 and opening the discharge device 4, the ammonium chloride crystals can be discharged. Similarly, the ammonium chloride crystals on the other side of the treatment isolation component 3 can also be discharged in the same way.

[0042] After all the ammonium chloride crystals are discharged, the isolation zone 301 of the treatment isolation component 3 is kept closed. The reaction tank 1 is divided into two areas containing calcium nitrate mother liquor by the treatment isolation component 3. Water, potassium chloride and methanol co-solvent are added to one area to carry out a metathesis reaction. Then the treatment isolation component 3 clamps downward to the other area to raise the liquid level of the calcium nitrate mother liquor and overflow the top of the hollow outer frame 31. The treatment isolation component 3 clamps and tightens in stages to squeeze the calcium nitrate mother liquor into the metathesis reaction zone on the other side, thereby realizing the batch addition of calcium nitrate mother liquor.

[0043] The potassium nitrate crystals generated by the metathesis reaction are separated and discharged using the same method as for separating ammonium chloride crystals. The remaining mother liquor undergoes further processing and is recycled.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] The control method of this invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, since this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail here.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metathesis reaction system for potassium nitrate production, comprising a reaction tank (1), a driving gas supply assembly (2), and two disposal isolation assemblies (3), characterized in that: The drive air supply assembly (2) includes a column (21), a rotating seat (22) and two air supply pipes (23). The rotating seat (22) is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the column (21). The rotating seat (22) has two independent rotating rings (24). The two air supply pipes (23) are respectively installed on the outer peripheral wall of the two rotating rings (24) and connected to the disposal isolation assembly (3). The isolation component (3) includes a hollow outer frame (31), a horizontal hollow beam (32), a vertical hollow beam (33), a semi-permeable membrane (34), and an isolation device (35). The horizontal hollow beam (32) and the vertical hollow beam (33) are arranged in a crisscross pattern within the quadrilateral frame enclosed by the hollow outer frame (31) to enclose multiple smaller quadrilateral isolation areas (301) within the hollow outer frame (31). The semi-permeable membrane (34) is embedded in the isolation area (301), and the isolation device (35) is installed outside the vertical hollow beam (33). The steam supply pipe (36) and the air supply pipe (37) are arranged in an interlaced pattern along the mesh channel formed by the hollow outer frame (31), the horizontal hollow beam (32) and the vertical hollow beam (33), respectively. The steam supply pipe (36) is provided with at least one steam outlet valve (38) in each isolation zone (301). The semi-permeable membrane (34) is provided with an exhaust device (39) on the side facing the isolation device (35). The exhaust rod (391) is provided with a driven piece (393), which is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust rod (391) and extends into the air supply pipe (37); The longitudinal portion of the air supply pipe (37) is equipped with a rotating rod (371) capable of axial rotation. An eccentric block (372) is provided at the corresponding position of the rotating rod (371) and the driven plate (393). A fan blade (373) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rod (371). The upper end of the rotating rod (371) is equipped with a toothed disc (374), which is spring-connected to the rotating rod (371). The toothed disc (374) meshes with the teeth of the adjusting magnetic block (375) set at the upper end. The upper end of the adjusting magnetic block (375) is equipped with a spring return chamber (376). The isolation device (35) includes an isolation plate (351), a rotating shaft (352), and a conveyor (353). The rotating shaft (352) is located on the side of the isolation plate (351) near the longitudinal hollow beam (33). The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft (352) are inserted into the treatment chamber (302) located outside the transverse hollow beam (32). After the isolation plate (351) rotates toward the isolation area (301), it can completely cover the isolation area (301), thereby blocking the flow of liquid on both sides of the semipermeable membrane (34).

2. The double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating ring (24) can be driven independently to rotate axially. The hollow outer frame (31) is connected to the air supply pipe (23). The steam supply pipe (36) and the air supply pipe (37) are respectively connected to the air supply pipe (23). The external supporting supply device supplies high-temperature steam and compressed air to the steam supply pipe (36) and the air supply pipe (37) respectively.

3. The double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust device (39) includes an exhaust rod (391) and a hose (392) that pass through the side wall of the longitudinal hollow beam (33) and are connected to the air supply pipe (37) at both ends. The two ends of the exhaust rod (391) are connected to the air supply pipe (37) through the hose (392). An exhaust one-way valve is provided on the side of the exhaust rod (391) facing the semi-permeable membrane (34).

4. The double decomposition reaction system for potassium nitrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the upper end of the rotating shaft (352) inside the treatment chamber (302) engages with the conveyor belt (353), which has magnetic poles on the side facing the adjusting magnet (375).

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