A fuel coal sorting device and screening control method

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel coal sorting device, relates to the technical field of bulk powder sorting, and comprises a dispersion material guiding tower, a cyclone separator, a discharging valve, a first fan assembly, a second fan assembly and a third fan assembly. The dispersion material guiding tower is provided with a hollow material passing chamber. The shunt discharge outlets are arranged at the bottom of the dispersion material guiding tower. A plurality of shunt discharge outlets are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the dispersion material guiding tower. The first fan assembly is used for air supply into the hollow material passing chamber. The cyclone separator is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the shunt discharge outlets. The second fan assembly is used for negative pressure suction. The third fan assembly further strengthens the fine particle screening effect. The fuel coal sorting device can convert a large processing capacity thick material layer air screen into a plurality of thin material layer air screens, and can realize three functions of pre-screening, main screening and strengthened screening. There is no transfer operation in the middle, the material cannot be compacted again, the screening efficiency is high, and the fuel coal utilization efficiency of sintering is improved and the energy consumption is reduced, which is of great significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bulk powder sorting technology, and in particular, to a fuel coal sorting device and screening control method. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel coal is one of the main raw materials in the sintering process of iron and steel, and it is also a major source of carbon emissions in the iron and steel metallurgical industry. Both excessively coarse and excessively fine fuel particles will have a significant impact on fuel utilization efficiency and the performance parameters of sinter. Therefore, in the sintering process, it is generally required to control the fuel particle size within the range of 0.5-3 mm.

[0003] However, the existing one- or two-stage fuel crushing process lacks a fine particle sorting device, making it difficult to accurately control the lower limit of fuel. As a result, the proportion of particles smaller than 0.5mm in the solid fuel sent to the sintering batching chamber after four-roll crushing can reach more than 30%, resulting in high energy consumption in sintering production.

[0004] Therefore, developing a fuel coal sorting device and a fuel coal screening control method to improve the screening efficiency of fuel coal is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of sintering fuel coal and reducing energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The fuel coal sorting device provided by the present invention solves the technical problem of poor screening efficiency of existing fuel screening devices when screening sintered solid fuels containing water.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A fuel coal sorting device includes a dispersing tower, a cyclone separator, a discharge valve, a first fan assembly, and a second fan assembly. The cyclone separator is located at the bottom output side of the dispersing tower, and the discharge valve is located at the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator. The dispersing tower has a hollow material passage chamber. A material inlet and a diversion outlet communicating with the hollow material passage chamber are arranged on the dispersing tower. The material inlet is located at the top of the dispersing tower, and the diversion outlet is located at the bottom of the dispersing tower. Multiple diversion outlets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dispersing tower. The first fan assembly is used to blow air into the hollow material passage chamber to disperse the material flowing from the material inlet through the diversion outlet. The cyclone separator and the diversion outlet are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the discharge valve and the cyclone separator are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The separator is used to receive the material discharged from the corresponding diversion outlet and perform cyclone separation. The second fan assembly is used to draw light materials from the top of the cyclone separator out of the cyclone separator by negative pressure suction. The discharge valve is used to control the discharge of heavy materials from the bottom of the cyclone separator. The separator also includes a third fan assembly, which includes an inner air supply ring, an outer air supply ring, and a tangential air supply pipe. The tangential air supply pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the cyclone separator. The tangential air supply pipe includes a first air supply pipe located in the inner air supply ring and the corresponding cyclone separator, and a second air supply pipe located in the outer air supply ring and the corresponding cyclone separator. The first air supply pipe is connected to the cyclone separator tangentially, and the second air supply pipe is connected to the cyclone separator tangentially.

[0008] Furthermore, the dispersion guide tower includes a tower body and a hollow guide cone arranged coaxially. The tower body has a hollow material passage chamber. A material inlet is provided on the central axis of the top of the tower body, and a diversion outlet is provided at the bottom of the tower body. The diversion outlet is set off from the central axis of the tower body. Multiple diversion outlets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the tower body. The hollow guide cone is located in the tower body and is located between the material inlet and the diversion outlet. The hollow guide cone has an air induced chamber. The guide side wall of the hollow guide cone is arranged downward from the middle to the outside. An air blowing port communicating with the air induced chamber is arranged on the guide side wall of the hollow guide cone.

[0009] Furthermore, the tower body includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve arranged coaxially. The inner sleeve and the hollow guide cone are both located inside the outer sleeve. A radial gap is left between the inner wall surfaces of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to form a material guiding and discharging space. Multiple partition plates are spaced circumferentially within the material guiding and discharging space to divide the material guiding and discharging space into multiple diversion outlets. The hollow guide cone is located at the top of the inner sleeve. A radial gap is left between the hollow guide cone and the inner wall surface of the outer sleeve to form an air-separated material guiding space. The first fan assembly is used to send air from the bottom central axis position of the hollow guide cone into the air induced draft chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer sleeve includes a straight cylindrical section and a tapered cylindrical section spliced ​​along the axial direction. The tapered cylindrical section is located below the straight cylindrical section and is gradually tapered from top to bottom. The inner sleeve is a frustum-shaped cylinder that is gradually tapered from top to bottom and is located on the top surface of the tapered cylindrical section. The vortex separator is located at the bottom of the tapered cylindrical section and the inner sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the tapered section is smaller than that of the inner sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the first fan assembly includes a blower and a duct. The duct is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve and is located at the bottom of the inner sleeve. The blower is used to deliver air into the duct.

[0013] Furthermore, the second fan assembly includes an exhaust branch pipe, an exhaust main pipe, and a negative pressure exhaust mechanism. The exhaust branch pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the swirl separator. The exhaust branch pipe is coaxially arranged with the corresponding swirl separator and extends from the top of the swirl separator into the swirl separator. The suction end of the exhaust branch pipe is connected to the swirl separator, and the exhaust end of the exhaust branch pipe is connected to the first end of the exhaust main pipe. The negative pressure exhaust mechanism is connected to the second end of the exhaust main pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the cyclone separator includes a cyclone separator cylinder and a tangential material guiding structure. The tangential material guiding structure is located inside the cyclone separator cylinder and at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder to guide the material to move tangentially and separate at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the fuel coal sorting device also includes a material distribution pipe, a material distribution adjustment plate, and a lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism. The material distribution pipe extends into the tower body through the material inlet and is arranged towards the hollow guide cone. The material distribution adjustment plate is movably mounted on the material distribution pipe along the axial direction. A discharge gap is formed between the material distribution pipe and the hollow guide cone. The first end of the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism is mounted on the tower body, and the second end of the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism is connected to the material distribution adjustment plate. The lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism is used to drive the material distribution adjustment plate to move and position along the axial direction, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge gap.

[0016] Furthermore, the fuel coal sorting device also includes a discharge chute and a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is located below the dispersion guide tower. The discharge chute and the discharge valve are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The input end of the discharge chute is connected to the discharge valve, and the second end of the discharge chute is set downward toward the conveyor belt.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for controlling the screening of fuel coal, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The system acquires the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe of each vortex separator's separation chamber in real time; obtains the average pressure value; if the current pressure of each exhaust branch pipe is consistent with the average pressure value, it operates normally; if the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe is less than the average pressure value, it adjusts the secondary air volume of the separation chamber corresponding to that exhaust branch pipe until the current pressure of that separation chamber is consistent with the average pressure value; it determines whether the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply pipe corresponding to that separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air volume; if the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply pipe corresponding to that separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air volume, it operates normally; if the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply pipe corresponding to that separation chamber is not between the minimum and maximum secondary air volume, it adjusts the height of the corresponding fabric adjustment plate of the separation chamber and thus adjusts the opening of the corresponding fabric inlet until the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe is consistent with the average pressure value, and the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply pipe corresponding to that separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air volume.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The fuel coal sorting device and fuel coal screening control method of the present invention include a dispersion guide tower, a cyclone separator, a discharge valve, a first blower assembly, a second blower assembly, and a third blower assembly. Multiple diversion outlets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dispersion guide tower. Each cyclone separator is correspondingly arranged with one of the diversion outlets, and each discharge valve is correspondingly arranged with one of the cyclone separators. The third blower assembly is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator and above the discharge valve. When screening water-containing sintered solid fuel, material is fed into the dispersion guide tower through the material inlet. The first blower assembly blows air into the hollow material passage chamber to disperse the material before it enters the diversion outlets. After dispersion, the material enters each diversion outlet and, relying on inertial forces such as wind force and gravity, enters the corresponding cyclone separator. The cyclone separator separates the material into bottom heavy material and top light material. After the discharge valve is opened, the bottom heavy material is discharged outside the cyclone separator. The second blower assembly then... The lightweight material at the top of the component is discharged to the outside of the cyclone separator; multiple cyclone separators are directly integrated and arranged below the dispersion guide tower. After dispersion, the material enters each diversion outlet and enters the corresponding cyclone separator by inertial forces such as wind and gravity, transforming the large-capacity thick material layer air screen into multiple thin material layer air screens without re-compacting the pre-screened material. Furthermore, the first fan component is used to supply air into the hollow material passage chamber, the second fan component is used to perform negative pressure suction from the top of the cyclone separator, and the third fan component further enhances the fine particle screening effect, transforming the large-capacity thick material layer air screen into multiple thin material layer air screens. The process involves three stages: pre-screening by the first fan component, main screening by the second fan component, and enhanced screening by the third fan component. There is no transfer operation in between, and the material is not re-compacted. The solution of this invention has high screening efficiency and is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of sintered fuel coal and reducing energy consumption.

[0021] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0023] In the attached image:

[0024] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a fuel coal sorting device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel coal sorting device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the fabric guide tube, the fabric adjusting plate, and the fabric guide tube;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 100. Fuel coal sorting device; 10. Dispersion feed tower; 101. Hollow material passage chamber; 102. Material inlet; 103. Diverting outlet; 104. Discharge gap; 11. Tower body; 111. Outer sleeve; 112. Inner sleeve; 12. Hollow guide cone; 121. Exhaust fan chamber; 13. Material distribution guide pipe; 14. Lifting and adjusting positioning mechanism; 15. Material distribution adjusting plate; 20. Cyclone separator; 21. Cyclone separator 22. Cylinder; 30. Tangential material guiding structure; 40. Discharge valve; 41. First fan assembly; 50. Air supply pipe; 51. Second fan assembly; 52. Exhaust branch pipe; 53. Exhaust main pipe; 60. Negative pressure exhaust mechanism; 61. Third fan assembly; 62. Inner air supply ring; 63. Outer air supply ring; 64. Tangential air supply pipe; 65. First air supply pipe; 66. Second air supply pipe; 70. Discharge chute; 80. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0034] The inventors discovered through research that existing one- or two-stage fuel crushing processes lack fine particle sorting devices, making it difficult to accurately control the lower limit of fuel size. This results in the proportion of particles smaller than 0.5mm in the solid fuel sent to the sintering batching chamber after four-roll crushing reaching over 30%. Furthermore, due to the requirements of the sintering production process and fuel performance, existing sorting devices on the market are unable to meet the requirements for sorting sintering fuel with a particle size of ±0.5mm. The main reasons are that, on the one hand, sintering solid fuel has a high moisture content, generally 7-10%, and in special cases reaching 13% or even 15%; on the other hand, it has small particle size differences, with a full particle size distribution within the 0-5mm range; and on the other hand, it has a large output, with a solid fuel consumption of approximately 25t / h for a 360 square meter sintering machine. These characteristics make existing screening devices prone to clogging the screen holes during operation, resulting in a screening efficiency of less than 50%.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention provides a fuel coal sorting device 100, including a dispersion and feeding tower 10, a cyclone separator 20, a discharge valve 30, a first blower assembly 40, a second blower assembly 50, and a third blower assembly 60. The cyclone separator 20 is located at the bottom output side of the dispersion and feeding tower 10, and the discharge valve 30 is located at the bottom outlet position of the cyclone separator 20. The dispersion and feeding tower 10 has a hollow material passage chamber 101, and the dispersion and feeding tower 10 is arranged with the hollow material passage chamber. The material inlet 102 and the diversion outlet 103 are connected in series. The material inlet 102 is located at the top of the dispersion and guiding tower 10, and the diversion outlet 103 is located at the bottom of the dispersion and guiding tower 10. Multiple diversion outlets 103 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dispersion and guiding tower 10. The first fan assembly 40 is used to blow air into the hollow material passage chamber 101 to disperse the material flowing from the material inlet 102 through the diversion outlet 103. The cyclone separator 20 and the diversion outlet 103 are connected in series. The feed valves 30 and cyclone separators 20 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The cyclone separators 20 are used to receive the material discharged from the corresponding diversion outlet 103 and perform cyclone separation. The second blower assembly 50 is used to draw light materials out of the cyclone separator 20 through negative pressure suction from the top of the cyclone separator 20. The feed valves 30 control the discharge of heavy materials from the bottom of the cyclone separator 20. The third blower assembly 60 includes an inner air supply ring 61, an outer air supply ring 62, and... The tangential air supply duct 63 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the swirl separator 20. The tangential air supply duct 63 includes a first air supply duct 41 located in the inner air supply ring 61 and the corresponding swirl separator 20, and a second air supply duct 41 located in the outer air supply ring 62 and the corresponding swirl separator 20. The first air supply duct 41 is connected to the swirl separator 20 along the tangential direction, and the second air supply duct 41 is connected to the swirl separator 20 along the tangential direction.

[0036] The fuel coal sorting device 100 provided by the present invention includes a dispersion and feeding tower 10, a cyclone separator 20, a discharge valve 30, a first blower assembly 40, a second blower assembly 50, and a third blower assembly 60. Multiple diversion outlets 103 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dispersion and feeding tower 10. Each cyclone separator 20 is correspondingly arranged with one diversion outlet 103, and each discharge valve 30 is correspondingly arranged with one cyclone separator 20. The third blower assembly 60 is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator 20 and is arranged... Above the feed valve 30, during the screening of water-containing sintered solid fuel, material is fed into the dispersion guide tower 10 through the material inlet 102. Air is blown into the hollow material passage chamber 101 by the first blower assembly 40 to disperse the material before it enters the diversion outlet 103. After dispersion, the material enters each diversion outlet 103 and, relying on inertial forces such as wind and gravity, enters the corresponding cyclone separator 20. The cyclone separator 20 screens the material into bottom heavy material and top light material. After the feed valve 30 is opened, the bottom... Heavy materials are discharged outside the cyclone separator 20, while light materials at the top are discharged outside the cyclone separator 20 under the influence of the second blower assembly 50. Multiple cyclone separators 20 are directly integrated below the dispersion guide tower 10. After dispersion, the material enters each diversion outlet 103 and, relying on inertial forces such as wind and gravity, enters the corresponding cyclone separator 20, transforming the large-capacity thick-layer air screen into multiple thin-layer air screens without re-compacting the pre-screened material. Furthermore, the first blower assembly is used to direct the material into the hollow... Air is supplied to the material passage chamber. The second fan assembly is used to draw negative pressure from the top of the cyclone separator. The third fan assembly further enhances the fine particle screening effect, transforming the large-capacity thick-layer air screen into multiple thin-layer air screens. The process involves three stages: pre-screening by the first fan assembly, main screening by the second fan assembly, and enhanced screening by the third fan assembly. There is no transfer operation in between, and the material will not be compacted again. The solution of this invention has high screening efficiency and is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of sintered fuel coal and reducing energy consumption.

[0037] Understandably, in this invention, the number of diversion outlets 103 can be two, three, four, five, or six, or other numbers; to further improve screening efficiency, multiple diversion outlets 103 are evenly arranged circumferentially. Understandably, the cyclone separator 20 is directly arranged below the dispersion guide tower 10, and the connection between the cyclone separator 20 and the dispersion guide tower 10 has a transition section that allows the body of the cyclone separator 20 to transition to a circular shape.

[0038] Furthermore, to facilitate sufficient dispersion of the material flowing into the diversion outlet 103, the dispersion guide tower 10 includes a tower body 11 and a hollow guide cone 12 arranged coaxially. The tower body 11 has a hollow material passage chamber 101. A material inlet 102 is provided on the central axis of the top of the tower body 11, and a diversion outlet 103 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 11. The diversion outlet 103 is offset from the central axis of the tower body 11, and multiple diversion outlets 103 are arranged along the tower body 11. The circumferential arrangement of the body 11 is as follows: the hollow guide cone 12 is located inside the tower body 11 and between the material inlet 102 and the diversion outlet 103. The hollow guide cone 12 has an air induced chamber 121. The guide side wall of the hollow guide cone 12 is arranged downward from the middle to the outside. The guide side wall of the hollow guide cone 12 is provided with an air blowing port that communicates with the air induced chamber 121. The first fan assembly 40 is used to send air into the air induced chamber 121.

[0039] Understandably, the hollow guide cone 12 can be a hollow cone or a hollow frustum cone; the guide side wall of the hollow guide cone 12 has a guide groove corresponding to the diversion outlet 103.

[0040] Furthermore, the tower body 11 includes an outer sleeve 111 and an inner sleeve 112 arranged coaxially. The inner sleeve 112 and the hollow guide cone 12 are both located inside the outer sleeve 111. A radial gap is left between the inner wall of the inner sleeve 112 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 111 to form a material guiding and discharging space. Multiple partition plates are arranged circumferentially in the material guiding and discharging space to divide the material guiding and discharging space into multiple diversion outlets 103. The hollow guide cone 12 is located at the top of the inner sleeve 112. A radial gap is left between the hollow guide cone 12 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 111 to form an air-separated material guiding space. The first fan assembly 40 is used to send air from the bottom of the hollow guide cone 12 into the air induced draft chamber 121.

[0041] Understandably, the inner sleeve 112 is located inside the outer sleeve 111 and its bottom surface is flush with the outer sleeve 111, which facilitates the installation of the vortex separator 20.

[0042] Furthermore, the outer sleeve 111 includes a straight cylindrical section and a tapered conical section joined axially. The tapered conical section is located below the straight cylindrical section and gradually tapers from top to bottom. The inner sleeve 112 is a frustum-shaped cylinder that gradually tapers from top to bottom and is located on the top surface of the tapered conical section. The cyclone separator 20 is located between the tapered conical section and the inner sleeve 112. Understandably, by setting the tapered conical section and the inner sleeve 112 as a frustum-shaped cylinder that gradually tapers from top to bottom, and by using a combination of air blowing method, tapered conical section, and tapering structure at the bottom of the frustum-shaped cylinder, large particles in the material blown out by the hollow guide cone 12 (guide sidewall) will collide with the tapered conical section to further crush the large particles. Simultaneously, it will not obstruct the material at the diversion outlet 103, nor will it reduce the flow rate of the material discharged to the cyclone separator 20.

[0043] Furthermore, in order to increase the material flow rate entering the cyclone separator 20, the inclination angle of the tapered section is smaller than that of the inner sleeve 112 to improve screening efficiency. Understandably, the diameter of the diversion outlet 103 gradually narrows along the material flow direction.

[0044] Optionally, the guide sidewall of the hollow guide cone 12 is a louver structure or a perforated plate structure.

[0045] Furthermore, the first fan assembly 40 includes a blower and a blower pipe 41. The blower pipe 41 is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve 112 and is located at the bottom of the inner sleeve 112. The blower is used to deliver air into the blower pipe 41.

[0046] Understandably, the suction side of the second fan assembly 50 extends into the swirl separator 20 from the top central axis position, and the discharge side of the second fan assembly 50 extends out of the swirl separator 20. The second fan assembly 50 is used for negative pressure suction from the top of the swirl separator 20. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second fan assembly 50 includes an exhaust branch pipe 51, an exhaust main pipe 52, and a negative pressure suction mechanism 53. The exhaust branch pipe 51 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the swirl separator 20, and is coaxially arranged with the corresponding swirl separator 20 and extends into the swirl separator 20 from the top. The suction end of the exhaust branch pipe 51 is connected to the swirl separator 20, and the exhaust end of the exhaust branch pipe 51 is connected to the exhaust main pipe 52. The negative pressure suction mechanism 53 is used to ventilate the exhaust main pipe 52.

[0047] More preferably, the negative pressure exhaust mechanism 53 includes a settling chamber downstream of the exhaust manifold 52, a dust collector downstream of the settling chamber, and an exhaust fan for exhausting air.

[0048] Furthermore, the cyclone separator 20 includes a cyclone separator 21 and a tangential guide structure 22. The tangential guide structure is located inside the cyclone separator 21 and at the top of the cyclone separator 21 to guide the material to move tangentially within the cyclone separator. In this invention, the tangential guide structure 22 is a spiral cyclone separator. The spiral cyclone separator is located at the head of the cyclone separator 21 and its outer wall is sealed to the cyclone separator 21. The inner wall of the spiral cyclone separator is sealed to the exhaust branch pipe 51. The cyclone separator 21, the spiral cyclone separator, and the exhaust branch pipe 51 tightly enclose each other to form a cyclone guiding chamber.

[0049] Understandably, in this invention, the third fan assembly 60 and the tangential air supply mechanism, located near the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 21, are used to tangentially supply air into the cyclone separator 21. This increases the tangential secondary airflow within the cyclone separator 21, forming a vortex that rotates in the same direction as the spiral cyclone. The combination of these two elements improves the vortex strength and separation effect, further ensuring the optimal effect of the secondary airflow. In this invention, a set of third fan assemblies 60 is used to provide vortex blowing to all cyclone separators 20, and a set of second fan assemblies 50 is used to provide top adsorption and discharge to all cyclone separators 20. Pressure gauges and regulating valves are installed on the exhaust branch pipe 51, the first air supply pipe 41, and the second air supply pipe 41, allowing independent adjustment of the operating conditions of each cyclone separator 20 to suit its own capacity for screening. The structural design is reasonable, resulting in high efficiency in screening materials within the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

[0050] Ideally, the first air supply duct 41 and the second air supply duct 41 are arranged in parallel.

[0051] Furthermore, the fuel coal sorting device 100 also includes a material distribution guide pipe 13, a material distribution adjustment plate 15, and a lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14. The material distribution pipe extends through the material inlet 102 into the tower body 11 and is arranged towards the hollow guide cone 12. The material distribution adjustment plate 15 is movably mounted on the material distribution guide pipe 13 along the axial direction. A discharge gap 104 is formed between the material distribution guide pipe 13 and the hollow guide cone 12. The first end of the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14 is mounted on the tower body 11, and the second end of the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14 is connected to the material distribution adjustment plate 15. The lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14 is used to drive the material distribution adjustment plate 15 to move and position along the axial direction, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge gap 104. Understandably, each material adjusting plate 15 forms a corresponding material feeding port between its surface and the surface of the hollow guide cone 12. In this invention, to facilitate the adjustment of the feed rate of each diversion outlet 103, the number of material adjusting plates 15 is the same as the number of cyclone separators 20. The material adjusting plates 15, cyclone separators 20, and lifting adjustment and positioning mechanisms 14 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The material guide tube 13 is a regular polygon, and the number of sidewalls of the material guide tube 13 is the same as the number of cyclone separators 20. The height of the corresponding material adjusting plate 15 is adjusted by the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14 to ultimately adjust the amount of material entering the corresponding cyclone separator 20. Optionally, the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14 adopts a hoisting mechanism or a hydraulic telescopic positioning mechanism.

[0052] Furthermore, the dispersing and guiding tower 10 also includes a discharge chute 70 and a conveyor belt 80. The conveyor belt 80 is located below the dispersing and guiding tower 10. The discharge chute 70 and the discharge valve 30 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The input end of the discharge chute 70 is connected to the discharge valve 30, and the second end of the discharge chute 70 is set downward toward the feeding bag.

[0053] Furthermore, the first fan assembly 40 also includes a control valve for controlling the air volume; the second fan assembly 50 also includes a control valve for controlling the air volume of the exhaust branch pipe 51; and the third fan assembly 60 also includes control valves for controlling the air volume of the first air supply pipe 41 and control valves for controlling the air volume of the second air supply pipe 41. In this invention, to ensure sealing during material discharge, the discharge valve 30 is a star-shaped rotary valve.

[0054] Furthermore, to prevent uneven airflow in each separation chamber from reducing the separation effect, pressure gauges and regulating valves are installed on the exhaust branch pipe 51, the first air supply pipe 41, and the second air supply pipe 41 of each cyclone separator 20 to monitor the pipeline pressure in real time.

[0055] The fuel coal sorting device 100 provided by the present invention is equipped with multiple parallel cyclone separators 20, and the dispersion guide tower 10 is uniformly provided with the same number of diversion outlets 103. The opening of the discharge gap 104 is controlled by the height of the material distribution guide pipe 13, and the height adjustment of the material distribution guide pipe 13 is controlled by the lifting adjustment and positioning mechanism 14, which can be adjusted in real time according to the air separation effect. The hollow guide cone 12 is placed upright, and the side wall of the air inlet section is a louver structure or a perforated plate structure, which includes a wear-resistant protective cover plate and an air inlet louver.

[0056] During the material screening process, fuel coal is filled to a certain height in the feed pipe 13, flows out through the discharge gap 104, and after being sorted, enters the separation chamber of the corresponding cyclone separator 20. Air flows through the induced draft chamber 121 and passes through the louvers to fluidize the fuel coal, turning it into a gas-solid mixture, which then directly enters the spiral cyclone separator, thereby obtaining tangential and vertical velocities. This transforms the disordered motion of the fuel coal into spiral motion, causing it to spiral downwards along the wall of the separation chamber. During the spiral downward process, the gas-solid mixture generates centrifugal force. The larger the particle size, the greater the centrifugal force. When the centrifugal force of the particles is greater than the airflow resistance, the particles move towards the inner wall of the separation chamber. On the one hand, the particles collide with the wall surface, separating the particles of different sizes that are stuck together, improving the accuracy of the detection data. On the other hand, once the particles come into contact with the wall surface, they lose inertia and slide down the wall surface under the influence of gravity and the rotating fluid. Finally, they are discharged through the star-shaped rotary valve and fall from the discharge chute 70 into the conveyor belt 80, which sends them to the fuel coal mine bin. In this invention, to further improve the sorting effect of small particles, a tangential secondary airflow is added to the lower conical end of the separation chamber, forming a vortex with the same direction as the spiral cyclone. The combination of these two elements improves the vortex intensity and separation effect. Furthermore, to ensure the optimal effect of the secondary airflow, flow meters and regulating valves are installed in the first air supply pipe 41 and the second air supply pipe 42 respectively, and the flow meter values ​​are monitored in real time to ensure equal outlet flow rates. The separation effect can be further improved by adjusting the magnitude of the tangential secondary airflow, with a minimum secondary airflow rate of qmin and a maximum secondary airflow rate of qmax. The secondary airflow is provided by the inner air supply ring 61 and the outer air supply ring 62. Finally, the airflow, under the action of the fan, enters the exhaust main pipe 52 through the exhaust branch pipe 51. Fine particles settle in the settling chamber and are discharged from the bottom, thus achieving the sorting of fuel coal.

[0057] This invention also provides a fuel coal sorting device 100 and a fuel coal screening control method, including the steps of: real-time acquisition of the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe 51 of the separation chamber of each cyclone separator 20; acquisition of the average pressure value; if the current pressure of each exhaust branch pipe 51 is consistent with the average pressure value, then normal operation is performed; if the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe 51 is less than the average pressure value, the secondary air volume of the separation chamber corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe 51 is adjusted until the current pressure of the separation chamber is consistent with the average pressure value; and determining whether the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply pipe 63 corresponding to the separation chamber is at its maximum. If the secondary air volume of the tangential air supply duct 63 corresponding to the separation chamber is between the minimum secondary air volume and the maximum air supply volume, it will work normally. If the secondary air volume of the tangential air supply duct 63 corresponding to the separation chamber is not between the minimum secondary air volume and the maximum air supply volume, the height of the fabric adjustment plate 15 corresponding to the separation chamber will be adjusted, and the opening of the corresponding fabric outlet will be adjusted, until the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe 51 is consistent with the average pressure value, and the secondary air volume of the tangential air supply duct 63 corresponding to the separation chamber is between the minimum secondary air volume and the maximum air supply volume.

[0058] Specifically, the first step is to obtain the corresponding pressures Q1, Q2, ..., Qi of the exhaust branch pipes of the separation chambers of each cyclone separator in real time;

[0059] Step 2: Determine if the pressures Q1, Q2, ..., Qi in each separation chamber are equal. If Q1 = Q2 = ... = Qi, then the equipment is operating normally. If there are separation chambers with different pressures, calculate the average pressure of each separation chamber. (mean pressure value), of which Indicates the number of separation chambers;

[0060] Step 3: Determine the relationship between the current pressure value Qi in the separation chamber and the average pressure. If the current pressure in the separation chamber is consistent with the average pressure, the pressure of the corresponding tangential air supply pipe in the separation chamber will not be adjusted.

[0061] Step 4: If (If the pressure value Qi in the separation chamber is greater than the average pressure), then adjust the secondary air regulating valve on the tangential air supply duct of separation chamber i to reduce the secondary air volume until the current pressure of the separation chamber is consistent with the average pressure. At this time, determine the relationship between the secondary air flow rate qi in the corresponding tangential air supply duct and the minimum secondary air volume qmin. If q i >q min If q i >q min If the opening of the material inlet corresponding to separation chamber i is increased, the material layer thickness Δ will be increased, and the air volume entering separation chamber i from the main air supply device will be reduced. At this point, return to step three for cyclic adjustment until... And q i >qmin ...

[0062] Step 5: If (If the pressure value Qi in the separation chamber is less than the average pressure), then adjust the secondary air regulating valve on the tangential air supply pipe of separation chamber i to increase the secondary air volume until... At this point, determine the relationship between the secondary air flow rate qi of the corresponding tangential air supply duct and the maximum secondary air volume qmax. If q i <q max Then the airflow adjustment operation of separation chamber i is completed. If q i >q max If the opening of the material inlet corresponding to separation chamber i is reduced, the material layer thickness Δ will be reduced, thereby increasing the air volume entering separation chamber i from the main air supply device (first fan assembly). Then, the process returns to step three for cyclic adjustment until... And q i <q max .

[0063] Furthermore, based on uniform screening, a high-efficiency and high-quality screening control method is proposed, with the following specific steps:

[0064] Step 1: Detect and obtain the mass percentage of particles larger than 0.5mm in the settling chamber and the mass percentage of particles smaller than 0.5mm on the conveyor belt.

[0065] Step 2: When the mass percentage of particles larger than 0.5mm in the settling chamber exceeds the critical value required by the process, increase the flow rate q of the secondary air in the tangential air supply duct simultaneously to improve the separation effect until the requirements are met; at this point, if q < q max If q > q, then the operation is complete. max If the opening of the corresponding material outlet in each separation chamber is reduced, the material layer thickness Δ will be reduced, thereby increasing the air volume of the main air supply device entering the separation chamber. Then, return to the first step of the cycle adjustment until the mass ratio of particles larger than 0.5mm in the settling chamber 15 meets the process requirements.

[0066] Step 3: When the mass percentage of particles smaller than 0.5mm on the conveyor belt exceeds the critical value required by the process, increase the flow rate q of the secondary air in the tangential air supply duct simultaneously to improve the separation effect until the requirements are met; at this point, if q < q max If q > q, then the operation is complete. max If the opening of the corresponding material outlet in each separation chamber is reduced, the material layer thickness Δ will be reduced, thereby increasing the air volume of the main air supply device entering the separation chamber. Then, return to the first step of the cycle adjustment until the mass ratio of particles smaller than 0.5mm on the conveyor belt meets the process requirements.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel coal sorting device, characterized in that, The system includes a dispersion feed tower, a cyclone separator, a discharge valve, a first fan assembly, a second fan assembly, and a third fan assembly. The cyclone separator is located at the bottom output side of the dispersion feed tower, and the discharge valve is located at the bottom outlet position of the cyclone separator. The dispersion and feeding tower has a hollow material passage chamber. A material inlet and a diversion outlet communicating with the hollow material passage chamber are arranged on the dispersion and feeding tower. The material inlet is located at the top of the dispersion and feeding tower, and the diversion outlet is located at the bottom of the dispersion and feeding tower. Multiple diversion outlets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dispersion and feeding tower. The first fan assembly is used to blow air into the hollow material passage chamber to disperse the material flowing from the material inlet through the diversion outlet. The cyclone separators are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the diversion outlets, and the discharge valves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the cyclone separators. The cyclone separators are used to receive the material discharged from the corresponding diversion outlets and perform cyclone separation. The second fan assembly is used to draw light materials from the top of the cyclone separator using negative pressure suction, and the discharge valve is used to control the discharge of heavy materials from the bottom of the cyclone separator. The third fan assembly includes an inner air supply ring, an outer air supply ring, and a tangential air supply duct. The tangential air supply duct is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the swirl separator. The tangential air supply duct includes a first air supply duct located in the inner air supply ring and the corresponding swirl separator, and a second air supply duct located in the outer air supply ring and the corresponding swirl separator. The first air supply duct is connected to the swirl separator tangentially, and the second air supply duct is connected to the swirl separator tangentially. The second fan assembly includes an exhaust branch pipe, an exhaust main pipe, and a negative pressure exhaust mechanism. The exhaust branch pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the swirl separator. The exhaust branch pipe is coaxially arranged with the corresponding swirl separator and extends from the top of the swirl separator into the swirl separator. The intake end of the exhaust branch pipe is connected to the swirl separator, and the exhaust end of the exhaust branch pipe is connected to the first end of the exhaust main pipe. The negative pressure exhaust mechanism is connected to the second end of the exhaust main pipe.

2. The fuel coal sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersion feed tower includes a tower body and a hollow feed cone arranged coaxially. The tower body has a hollow material passage chamber. The material inlet is located on the central axis of the top of the tower body, and the diversion outlet is located at the bottom of the tower body. The diversion outlet is offset from the central axis of the tower body, and multiple diversion outlets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the tower body. The hollow guide cone is disposed inside the tower body and located between the material inlet and the diversion outlet. The hollow guide cone has an air induced chamber. The guide side wall of the hollow guide cone is arranged downwardly from the middle to the outside. An air blowing port communicating with the air induced chamber is arranged on the guide side wall of the hollow guide cone.

3. The fuel coal sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tower body includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve arranged coaxially, with both the inner sleeve and the hollow guide cone located inside the outer sleeve. A radial gap is left between the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form a material guiding and discharging space. Multiple partition plates are spaced circumferentially within the material guiding and discharging space to divide the space into multiple diversion outlets. The hollow guide cone is located at the top of the inner sleeve, and a radial gap is left between the hollow guide cone and the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form an air-classifying and guiding space. The first fan assembly is used to deliver air from the bottom central axis position of the hollow guide cone into the air intake chamber.

4. The fuel coal sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer sleeve includes a straight cylindrical section and a tapered cylindrical section joined together along the axial direction. The tapered cylindrical section is located below the straight cylindrical section and gradually tapers from top to bottom. The inner sleeve is a frustum-shaped cylinder that gradually tapers from top to bottom, and the inner sleeve is located on the top surface of the tapered section. The vortex separator is located at the bottom of the tapered conical section and the inner sleeve.

5. The fuel coal sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fan assembly includes a blower and a duct. The duct is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve and located at the bottom of the inner sleeve. The blower is used to deliver air into the duct.

6. The fuel coal sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cyclone separator includes a cyclone separator cylinder and a tangential guide structure. The tangential guide structure is located inside the cyclone separator cylinder and at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder to guide the material to move tangentially and separate at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder.

7. The fuel coal sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The fuel coal sorting device further includes a material distribution pipe, a material distribution adjusting plate, and a lifting and adjusting positioning mechanism. The material distribution pipe extends through the material inlet into the tower body and is arranged towards the hollow guide cone. The material distribution adjusting plate is axially movably mounted on the material distribution pipe. A discharge gap is formed between the material distribution pipe and the hollow guide cone. The first end of the lifting and adjusting positioning mechanism is located on the tower body, and the second end of the lifting and adjusting positioning mechanism is connected to the material adjusting plate. The lifting and adjusting positioning mechanism is used to drive the material adjusting plate to move axially and position it, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge gap.

8. The fuel coal sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The fuel coal sorting device also includes a discharge chute and a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt being located below the dispersion guide tower. The discharge chute and the discharge valve are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The input end of the discharge chute is connected to the discharge valve, and the second end of the discharge chute is set downward toward the conveyor belt.

9. A fuel coal sorting device and a fuel coal screening control method, applied to the fuel coal sorting device as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Real-time acquisition of the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe of the separation chamber of each cyclone separator; Obtain the average pressure value; If the current pressure of each exhaust branch pipe is consistent with the average pressure value, it is working normally; if the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe is less than the average pressure value, the secondary air volume of the separation chamber corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe is adjusted until the current pressure of the separation chamber is consistent with the average pressure value. Determine whether the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply duct corresponding to the separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air supply volume. If the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply duct corresponding to the separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air supply volume, it is working normally. If the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply duct corresponding to the separation chamber is not between the minimum and maximum secondary air supply volume, adjust the height of the fabric adjustment plate corresponding to the separation chamber and adjust the opening of the corresponding fabric outlet until the pressure corresponding to the exhaust branch pipe is consistent with the average pressure value, and the secondary air supply volume of the tangential air supply duct corresponding to the separation chamber is between the minimum and maximum secondary air supply volume.

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