An electric spindle capable of detecting the running state of inner and outer rings of a bearing in real time

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent control of electric spindles, and particularly relates to an electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the running state of the inner and outer rings of bearings, comprising a bearing outer ring wireless temperature measurement system, a wireless vibration measurement system, a bearing inner ring wireless temperature measurement system, a wireless signal transceiving device and a wireless signal processing system, which can remotely acquire and real-time analyze internal data of the electric spindle and study the influence of internal temperature rise of the electric spindle on running accuracy. The shaft core adopts a three-section detachable structure, the front end shaft and the rear end shaft are both provided with cavities for mounting and accommodating the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system; the wireless signal transceiving device is fixedly connected with the shell through a wireless support, which can be adjusted according to the size of the shell of the electric spindle; the contact type vibration sensor is arranged in a groove on the inner side of the shell through a spring and is provided with an eccentric bolt, and rotating the eccentric bolt can adjust the position of the contact type vibration sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology for electric spindles, and in particular to an electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing. Background Technology

[0002] An electric spindle is a technology that integrates the machine tool spindle and spindle motor in the field of CNC machine tools. Currently, electric spindles are mainly used in intelligent machining equipment such as CNC machine tools. It is the core of CNC machine tool equipment, and the operating accuracy of the electric spindle directly affects the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool. Traditional electric spindles are human-physical systems; the control of their drive, lubrication, and cooling systems is all accomplished through human operation. Human perception determines the system's operating status and controls factors such as power supply frequency, cooling water temperature, and lubricating oil flow. Intelligent electric spindles, on the other hand, add an information system, improving the spindle's autonomous cognitive and learning capabilities. The information system's perception capability mainly utilizes sensor signals. Since electric spindles are primarily used in high-speed applications, obtaining real-time operating status information is crucial. This is because the internal heat of the electric spindle changes constantly during operation. These heat changes cause thermal deformation of bearings and shafts, which severely affects the operating accuracy and service life of the electric spindle. Therefore, monitoring the heat and vibration values ​​of the bearings inside the electric spindle is of great significance.

[0003] Current technologies for remote intelligent monitoring of the internal temperature, vibration, and displacement of electric spindles still have many shortcomings. Currently, electric spindle temperature monitoring mainly uses infrared thermography systems and temperature sensors to measure the temperature of the spindle housing. This type of temperature monitoring is affected by factors such as the spindle cooling system, the thermal conductivity of components, and the external environment, and cannot accurately reflect the internal temperature rise of the electric spindle and the dynamic thermodynamic changes of the bearings. Furthermore, remote monitoring of the internal state of the electric spindle is also quite difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, enabling remote real-time monitoring of the internal temperature, vibration, and displacement of the electric spindle, thus avoiding the limitations of only being able to perform data monitoring on-site and not being able to monitor and collect data in real time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing includes an electric spindle body, the electric spindle body including a housing and a spindle core disposed inside the housing, the front end of the spindle core being connected to the housing via a front bearing, and the rear end of the spindle core being connected to the housing via a rear bearing.

[0007] This device also includes a wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing, a wireless vibration measurement system, a wireless temperature measurement system for the inner ring of the bearing, a wireless signal transceiver, and a wireless signal processing system;

[0008] The wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing is installed on the housing and is used to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the front bearing.

[0009] The wireless temperature measurement system for the bearing inner ring is installed inside the shaft core and is used to measure the temperature of the inner ring of the front bearing.

[0010] The wireless vibration measurement system is installed inside the housing and is used to measure the vibration of the front bearing.

[0011] The wireless signal processing system described above can analyze the vibration signal of the bearing and detect the operating status of the bearing inside the electric spindle; it can also analyze the influence of temperature rise on the electric spindle error based on the temperature rise changes of the electric spindle under different working conditions.

[0012] The wireless signal transceiver is located outside the housing and is used to receive signals from the outer ring wireless temperature measurement system, the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system, and the wireless vibration measurement system, and to interconnect with the wireless signal processing system via cloud information.

[0013] The shaft core adopts a three-section detachable structure, including an intermediate shaft, a front shaft, and a rear shaft, which are connected by threads. The front shaft has a cavity at the end connected to the intermediate shaft, and the rear shaft has a cavity at the end connected to the intermediate shaft. The cavity is used to install and accommodate the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system.

[0014] The aforementioned bearing inner ring wireless temperature measurement system includes an inner ring temperature sensor and a chip-type wireless module. Two inner ring temperature sensors are installed in each cavity. The inner ring temperature sensors extend from the side wall of the cavity and are fixed by a support clamp. Each inner ring temperature sensor is connected to a chip-type wireless module, and the chip-type wireless module transmits wireless signals to a wireless signal transceiver.

[0015] The wireless signal transceiver is fixedly connected to the outer casing via a wireless bracket, which includes bracket component one, bracket component two, bracket component three, and bracket component four. Bracket component one and bracket component two are both 1 / 4 circular ring structures. One end of bracket component one is hinged to one end of bracket component two to form a semi-circular structure. A long bolt is hinged to the other end of bracket component one, and a long bolt is hinged to the other end of bracket component two. One end of bracket component three is provided with a sliding groove, and one end of bracket component four is provided with a pin. Bracket component three and bracket component four are connected through the sliding groove and the pin. The inner contours of bracket component three and bracket component four form a semi-circular structure. The pin can rotate and slide within the sliding groove to adjust the angle and position between bracket component three and bracket component four. The long bolt passes through the other end of bracket component four, and the long bolt passes through the other end of bracket component three. The inner contours of bracket component one, bracket component two, bracket component three, and bracket component four form a circular structure.

[0016] The aforementioned wireless temperature measurement system for the bearing outer ring includes three outer ring temperature sensors. The outer shell is provided with three temperature measuring holes, which correspond to the upper, middle, and lower positions of the front bearing. The outer ring temperature sensors are fixed inside the temperature measuring holes to measure the temperature of the front bearing. The outer ring temperature sensors are connected to the wireless signal transceiver via sensor lines.

[0017] The temperature measuring hole is equipped with a double U-shaped sealing ring, and the outer ring temperature sensor passes through the double U-shaped sealing ring and is fixed inside the temperature measuring hole.

[0018] The wireless vibration measurement system includes a contact vibration sensor, which is located inside the housing and corresponds to the position of the front bearing, for measuring the vibration of the front bearing. A groove is provided inside the housing to accommodate the contact vibration sensor, which is placed within the groove. The contact vibration sensor is connected to the side wall of the groove via a spring. An eccentric bolt is installed between the contact vibration sensor and the side wall of the groove. The eccentric bolt has an eccentric structure, and rotating the eccentric bolt adjusts the position of the contact vibration sensor. The contact vibration sensor is connected to a wireless signal transceiver via a sensor wire.

[0019] The electric spindle body is equipped with a linear bearing at the rear end to ensure the straightness of the spindle movement. The rear end of the housing is sealed by an end cover. The motor stator is installed inside the housing, and the motor rotor is installed inside the spindle.

[0020] The wireless signal processing system includes a bearing vibration analysis system and a temperature rise analysis system. The bearing vibration analysis system can analyze the vibration signal of the bearing and detect the operating status of the bearing inside the electric spindle. The temperature rise analysis system can analyze the influence of temperature rise on the electric spindle error based on the temperature rise changes of the electric spindle under different working conditions.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] (1) This invention uses an outer ring wireless temperature measurement system to monitor the outer ring temperature of the electric spindle bearing in real time, an inner ring wireless temperature measurement system to monitor the inner ring temperature of the bearing in real time, and a wireless vibration measurement system to monitor the bearing vibration in real time, thereby realizing the remote acquisition and real-time analysis of internal data of the electric spindle and realizing the study of the influence of internal temperature rise of the spindle on the spindle running accuracy.

[0023] (2) The shaft core adopts a three-section detachable structure, and the three shafts are connected by threads; both the front and rear shafts are provided with cavities, which are used to install and accommodate the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system to realize real-time monitoring of the bearing inner ring temperature.

[0024] (3) The wireless signal transceiver is fixedly connected to the housing via a wireless bracket, which can be adjusted according to the size of the electric spindle housing.

[0025] (4) The contact vibration sensor is set in the groove inside the housing by a spring and is provided with an eccentric bolt. The position of the contact vibration sensor can be adjusted by rotating the eccentric bolt. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the electric spindle body of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electric spindle body of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the shaft core structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the wireless bracket 19 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the double U-shaped sealing ring 29 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the vibration sensor mounting structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1-Electric spindle body; 2-Housing; 3-Spindle core; 4-Front end bearing; 5-Rear end bearing; 6-Linear bearing; 7-End cover; 8-Motor stator; 9-Motor rotor; 10-Intermediate shaft; 11-Front end shaft; 12-Rear end shaft; 13-Cavity; 14-Wireless signal transceiver; 15-Wireless signal processing system; 16-Inner ring temperature sensor; 17-Chip-based wireless module; 18-Support clamp; 19-Wireless bracket. ; 20-Bracket component one 20; 21-Bracket component two 21; 22-Bracket component three 22; 23-Bracket component four 23; 24-Long bolt 24; 25-Slide groove 25; 26-Pin 26; 27-Outer ring temperature sensor 27; 28-Temperature measuring hole 28; 29-Double U-shaped sealing ring 29; 30-Contact vibration sensor 30; 31-Groove 31; 32-Spring 32; 33-Eccentric bolt 33; 34-Sensor wire 34. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] See Figure 1 , 2 The present invention provides an electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, comprising an electric spindle body 1, a wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing, a wireless vibration measurement system, a wireless temperature measurement system for the inner ring of the bearing, a wireless signal transceiver 14, and a wireless signal processing system 15.

[0037] See Figure 3 The electric spindle body 1 includes a housing 2 and a spindle core 3 disposed inside the housing 2. The front end of the spindle core 3 is connected to the housing 2 via a front bearing 4, and the rear end of the spindle core 3 is connected to the housing 2 via a rear bearing 5. The front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 5 are used to support the movement of the spindle core 3. A linear bearing 6 is also disposed inside the rear end of the electric spindle body to ensure the straightness of the movement of the spindle core 3. The rear end of the housing 2 is sealed by an end cover 7. A motor stator 8 is disposed inside the housing 2, and a motor rotor 9 is disposed inside the spindle core 3. During operation, under the action of the motor stator 8 and the motor rotor 9, the spindle core 3 rotates inside the housing 2 and outputs torque outward.

[0038] See Figure 4 In order to measure the temperature of the inner ring of the electric spindle body 1, the spindle core 3 adopts a three-section detachable structure, including an intermediate shaft 10, a front shaft 11, and a rear shaft 12. The three shafts are connected by threads. The front shaft 11 and the rear shaft 12 are both provided with cavities 13 at the end connected to the intermediate shaft 10. The cavities 13 are used to install and accommodate the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system. The three-section detachable structure facilitates the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system.

[0039] The aforementioned bearing inner ring wireless temperature measurement system includes an inner ring temperature sensor 16 and a chip-type wireless module 17, used to acquire and transmit inner ring temperature signals. Two inner ring temperature sensors 16 are installed in each cavity 13. The inner ring temperature sensors 16 extend from the side wall of the cavity 13 and are fixed by a support clamp 18. Each inner ring temperature sensor 16 is connected to a chip-type wireless module 17. The chip-type wireless module 17 transmits wireless signals to a wireless signal transceiver 14, which is fixedly installed outside the outer casing 1. The wireless signal transceiver 14 is interconnected with a wireless signal processing system 15 via cloud information.

[0040] See Figure 5 In this embodiment, the wireless signal transceiver 14 is fixedly connected to the outer casing 2 via a wireless bracket 19. The wireless bracket 19 includes bracket component 10, bracket component 21, bracket component 32, and bracket component 43. Bracket component 10 and bracket component 21 are both 1 / 4 ring structures. One end of bracket component 10 is hinged to one end of bracket component 21 to form a semi-circular structure. A long bolt 24a is hinged to the other end of bracket component 10, and a long bolt 24b is hinged to the other end of bracket component 21. A sliding groove 25 is provided at one end of bracket component 32, and a pin 26 is provided at one end of bracket component 43. Bracket component 32 and bracket component 43 are connected to the outer casing 2. Component 4 23 is connected by a slide groove 25 and a pin 26. The inner contours of bracket component 3 22 and bracket component 4 23 form a semi-circular structure. The pin 26 can rotate and slide within the slide groove 25 to adjust the angle and position between bracket component 3 22 and bracket component 4 23. Long bolt 24a passes through the other end of bracket component 4 23, and long bolt (24b) passes through the other end of bracket component 3 22. The inner contours of bracket component 1 20, bracket component 21, bracket component 3 22 and bracket component 4 23 form a circular structure, and the inner diameter can be adjusted and tightened through the connection structure between them to suit different sizes of housing 2.

[0041] See Figure 2 , 3The aforementioned wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing includes three outer ring temperature sensors 27. Due to the different load contact forces during bearing operation, the temperatures at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the front bearing 4 are different. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the temperatures at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the front bearing 4 separately. The outer casing 2 is provided with three temperature measuring holes 28, which correspond to the upper, middle, and lower positions of the front bearing 4. A double U-shaped sealing ring 29 is provided inside the temperature measuring hole 28. The outer ring temperature sensor 27 passes through the double U-shaped sealing ring 29 and is fixed inside the temperature measuring hole 28 to measure the temperature of the front bearing 4. The double U-shaped sealing ring 29 can ensure the sealing of the temperature measuring hole 28. The outer ring temperature sensor 27 is connected to the wireless signal transceiver 14 through a sensor line 34.

[0042] The wireless vibration measurement system includes a contact vibration sensor 30, which is disposed inside the housing 2 and corresponds to the position of the front bearing 4, for measuring the vibration of the front bearing 4. In this embodiment, to allow for position adjustment of the contact vibration sensor 30, the contact vibration sensor 30 and the housing 2 are... Figure 7 The connection structure shown has a groove 31 inside the outer casing 2 to accommodate a contact vibration sensor 30. The contact vibration sensor 30 is disposed in the groove 31 and connected to the side wall of the groove 31 by a spring 32. An eccentric bolt 33 is provided between the contact vibration sensor 30 and the side wall of the groove 31. The eccentric bolt 33 has an eccentric structure, and rotating the eccentric bolt 33 can adjust the position of the contact vibration sensor 30. The contact vibration sensor 30 is connected to a wireless signal transceiver 14 through a sensor line 34. The wireless signal transceiver 14 is interconnected with a wireless signal processing system 15 through cloud information.

[0043] The aforementioned wireless signal processing system is existing technology, comprising a bearing vibration analysis system and a temperature rise analysis system. The bearing vibration analysis system can analyze the vibration signals of the bearing and detect the operating status of the bearing within the electric spindle. The temperature rise analysis system can analyze the impact of temperature rise on the electric spindle error based on temperature rise changes under different operating conditions.

Claims

1. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, comprising an electric spindle body (1), wherein the electric spindle body (1) comprises a housing (2) and a spindle core (3) disposed inside the housing (2), the front end of the spindle core (3) being connected to the housing (2) via a front bearing (4), and the rear end of the spindle core (3) being connected to the housing (2) via a rear bearing (5), characterized in that: It also includes a wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing, a wireless vibration measurement system, a wireless temperature measurement system for the inner ring of the bearing, a wireless signal transceiver (14), and a wireless signal processing system (15). The wireless temperature measurement system for the outer ring of the bearing is installed on the outer shell (2) and is used to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the front bearing (4); The bearing inner ring wireless temperature measurement system is installed inside the shaft core (3) and is used to measure the inner ring temperature of the front bearing (4); The wireless vibration measurement system is installed inside the outer shell (2) and is used to measure the vibration of the front bearing (4); The wireless signal processing system (15) described above can analyze the vibration signal of the bearing and detect the operating status of the bearing inside the electric spindle; it can analyze the influence of temperature rise on the electric spindle error based on the temperature rise change of the electric spindle under different working conditions. The wireless signal transceiver (14) is located outside the housing (2) and is used to receive signals from the outer ring wireless temperature measurement system, the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system, and the wireless vibration measurement system, and is interconnected with the wireless signal processing system (15) through cloud information. The shaft core (3) adopts a three-section detachable structure, including an intermediate shaft (10), a front shaft (11), and a rear shaft (12). The three shafts are connected by threads. The front shaft (11) has a cavity (13) at the end connected to the intermediate shaft (10), and the rear shaft (12) has a cavity (13) at the end connected to the intermediate shaft (10). The cavity (13) is used to install and accommodate the inner ring wireless temperature measurement system.

2. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The aforementioned bearing inner ring wireless temperature measurement system includes an inner ring temperature sensor (16) and a chip-type wireless module (17). Two inner ring temperature sensors (16) are provided in each cavity (13). The inner ring temperature sensors (16) protrude from the side wall of the cavity (13) and are fixed by a support clamp (18). The inner ring temperature sensors (16) are all connected to the chip-type wireless module (17). The chip-type wireless module (17) transmits wireless signals to the wireless signal transceiver device (14).

3. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The wireless signal transceiver (14) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (2) via a wireless bracket (19). The wireless bracket (19) includes bracket component one (20), bracket component two (21), bracket component three (22), and bracket component four (23). Bracket component one (20) and bracket component two (21) are both 1 / 4 ring structures. One end of bracket component one (20) is hinged to one end of bracket component two (21) to form a semi-circular structure. The other end of bracket component one (20) is hinged with a long bolt (24a), and the other end of bracket component two (21) is hinged with a long bolt (24b). One end of bracket component three (22) is provided with a sliding groove (25), and one end of bracket component four (23) is provided with a sliding groove (25). A pin (26) is provided. The third bracket component (22) and the fourth bracket component (23) are connected by a slide groove (25) and a pin (26). The inner contours of the third bracket component (22) and the fourth bracket component (23) form a semi-circular structure. The pin (26) can rotate and slide in the slide groove (25) to realize the adjustment of the angle and position between the third bracket component (22) and the fourth bracket component (23). A long bolt (24a) passes through the other end of the fourth bracket component (23), and a long bolt (24b) passes through the other end of the third bracket component (22). The inner contours of the first bracket component (20), the second bracket component (21), the third bracket component (22) and the fourth bracket component (23) form a circular structure.

4. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The aforementioned bearing outer ring wireless temperature measurement system includes three outer ring temperature sensors (27), and the outer shell (2) is provided with three temperature measuring holes (28). The three temperature measuring holes (28) correspond to the upper, middle and lower positions of the front bearing (4). The outer ring temperature sensors (27) are fixed in the temperature measuring holes (28) to measure the temperature of the front bearing (4). The outer ring temperature sensors (27) are connected to the wireless signal transceiver device (14) through sensor lines (34).

5. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A double U-shaped sealing ring (29) is provided inside the temperature measuring hole (28), and the outer ring temperature sensor (27) passes through the double U-shaped sealing ring (29) and is fixed inside the temperature measuring hole (28).

6. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless vibration measurement system includes a contact vibration sensor (30), which is located inside the housing (2) and corresponds to the position of the front bearing (4) for measuring the vibration of the front bearing (4). A groove (31) is provided inside the housing (2) to accommodate the contact vibration sensor (30). The contact vibration sensor (30) is located in the groove (31). The contact vibration sensor (30) is connected to the side wall of the groove (31) by a spring (32). An eccentric bolt (33) is provided between the contact vibration sensor (30) and the side wall of the groove (31). The eccentric bolt (33) adopts an eccentric structure. Rotating the eccentric bolt (33) can adjust the position of the contact vibration sensor (30). The contact vibration sensor (30) is connected to the wireless signal transceiver (14) through a sensor line (34).

7. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear bearing (6) is also provided inside the rear end of the electric spindle body to ensure the straightness of the movement of the spindle core (3). The rear end of the outer shell (2) is sealed by the end cover (7). The motor stator (8) is provided inside the outer shell (2), and the motor rotor (9) is provided inside the spindle core (3).

8. An electric spindle capable of real-time detection of the operating status of the inner and outer rings of a bearing, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless signal processing system (15) includes a bearing vibration analysis system and a temperature rise analysis system. The bearing vibration analysis system can analyze the vibration signal of the bearing and detect the operating status of the bearing in the electric spindle. The temperature rise analysis system can analyze the influence of temperature rise on the electric spindle error based on the temperature rise change of the electric spindle under different working conditions.

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