A loading arm structure for a dump truck and a self-loading and unloading truck

Abstract

This invention discloses a loading arm structure for a dump truck, including a subframe, a telescopic boom mechanism, a telescopic boom, a bucket, a first link, and a second link. The end of the telescopic boom is hinged to the front crossbeam of the subframe. Both ends of the first link are hinged to the telescopic boom and the telescopic boom mechanism, respectively. The first link is hinged to the front end of the second link, and the end of the second link is hinged to the subframe. The subframe, telescopic boom, first link, and second link form a four-bar linkage. The front end of the telescopic boom mechanism is hinged to the first link, and the end of the telescopic boom mechanism is hinged to the middle of the subframe. When the telescopic boom mechanism extends or retracts, it drives the telescopic boom to rotate. The bucket is hinged to the front end of the telescopic boom and is driven to tilt by the bucket extension mechanism. This invention also discloses a self-loading truck with a loading arm structure for dump trucks. This invention enables self-loading of the dump truck, with a large telescopic boom rotation angle, allowing it to scoop up materials in front of the vehicle and fill them into the truck bed behind the cab, resulting in high vehicle efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a loading arm and a self-loading truck, and particularly to a loading arm structure for a self-loading truck and a self-loading truck. Background Technology

[0002] Dump trucks can lift their cargo box and quickly unload materials using their own power system. They have a large loading capacity and high transportation efficiency, and are widely used in industries such as construction and mining. Ordinary dump trucks do not have loading capabilities and need to work in conjunction with loading vehicles, which affects operational efficiency and increases transportation costs.

[0003] One of the difficulties in self-loading dump trucks lies in the challenging placement of the loading bucket. If the bucket is placed at the rear of the vehicle, the seat or cab needs to be rotated during loading, which is very inconvenient. If the bucket is placed in front of the cab, the loading arm needs to rotate at a large angle, and the bucket also needs to cover the entire cargo box, which is difficult to achieve with a standard loading arm. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a loading arm structure for a dump truck, and a self-loading and unloading truck having the structure, solving the problems of requiring a large-angle rotation of nearly 180° for the self-loading bucket at the front of the vehicle and ensuring that the bucket covers the entire truck bed.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A loading arm structure for a dump truck includes a subframe, a boom telescopic mechanism, a telescopic arm, a bucket, a first link, and a second link. The end of the telescopic arm is hinged to the front of the subframe. The two ends of the first link are respectively hinged to the telescopic arm and the boom telescopic mechanism. The middle of the first link is hinged to the front end of the second link. The end of the second link is hinged to the subframe. The subframe, the telescopic arm, the first link, and the second link constitute a four-bar linkage. The front end of the boom telescopic mechanism is hinged to the first link. The end of the boom telescopic mechanism is hinged to the middle of the subframe. When the boom telescopic mechanism extends or retracts, it drives the telescopic arm to rotate. The bucket is hinged to the front end of the telescopic arm and is driven to flip by the bucket telescopic mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the front end of the first link is hinged to the telescopic arm, the hinge point of the first link and the telescopic arm is located in front of the end of the telescopic arm, the end of the first link is hinged to the front end of the lifting arm telescopic mechanism, the front end of the second link is hinged to the middle of the first link, and the hinge point of the end of the second link and the subframe is located behind the hinge point of the telescopic arm and the subframe.

[0007] Furthermore, the boom telescopic mechanism, the telescopic arm, the first link, and the second link are all arranged in pairs. The telescopic arm is located on both sides in front of the subframe, and the boom telescopic mechanism is located on both sides of the subframe.

[0008] Furthermore, the front end of the telescopic arm is fixedly connected by a crossbeam, and the front ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively hinged to both sides of the bucket.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic arm has a downward-curving corner arm structure at its front end, and the bucket is hinged to the bottom end of the corner arm.

[0010] Furthermore, both the boom extension mechanism and the bucket extension mechanism are hydraulic cylinders.

[0011] Another technical solution of the present invention is: a self-loading and unloading vehicle, including a self-loading truck body and the above-mentioned loading arm structure for the self-loading vehicle.

[0012] Furthermore, the device includes a cab, with the telescopic boom located on both sides of the cab, and the boom telescopic mechanism located on both sides of the dump truck body. The boom telescopic mechanism drives the telescopic boom to rotate, causing the bucket to rise from the front of the cab and tilt backward over the cab.

[0013] Furthermore, the hinge point between the telescopic arm and the subframe is located behind the cab.

[0014] The advantages of the technical solution provided by this invention are as follows:

[0015] This invention employs a four-bar linkage luffing mechanism consisting of a subframe, a telescopic boom, a first link, and a second link. This allows the telescopic boom to rotate over a wide range, enabling it to scoop up materials in front of the vehicle and load them into the cargo box behind the cab. This results in high vehicle efficiency, a relatively simple structure, and reliable operation. The telescopic boom's extension and retraction allow the bucket to cover the entire cargo box, facilitating rapid loading. During driving and unloading operations, the loading bucket is positioned on top of the cab, without affecting the lifting and unloading of the cargo box. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading arm structure for a dump truck according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the self-loading and unloading vehicle's driving status.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a self-loading and unloading truck loading and unloading materials.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the front of the loading compartment of a self-loading truck.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the loading process at the rear of the self-loading truck's cargo compartment.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the rear of the loading compartment of a self-loading truck. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading this description, any modifications of this description in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0023] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the self-loading truck involved in this embodiment includes a cab 1 and a self-loading truck body 2 located behind the cab 1. The bottom of the rear end of the self-loading truck body 2 is hinged to the subframe 3. The front end of the self-loading truck body 2 can be raised by a lifting device at the bottom of the self-loading truck body 2, thereby dumping materials backward. In the past, loading materials into self-loading trucks required the cooperation of engineering vehicles such as forklifts, resulting in low operating efficiency. This embodiment adds a loading arm structure for self-loading trucks to the original self-loading truck structure.

[0024] The loading boom structure of the dump truck is connected to the subframe 3. It mainly includes a boom telescopic mechanism 4, a telescopic boom 5, a bucket 6, a first link 7, and a second link 8. The boom telescopic mechanism 4, the telescopic boom 5, and the second link 8 are hinged to the subframe 3, forming a four-bar linkage. The boom telescopic mechanism 4, the telescopic boom 5, the first link 7, and the second link 8 are all arranged in pairs and located on both sides of the subframe 3, that is, on both sides of the cab 1 and the dump truck body 2. This ensures that when these mechanisms operate, they will not interfere with the original structure of the vehicle.

[0025] The aforementioned four-bar linkage is constructed as follows: the front end of the telescopic boom 5 is hinged to the bucket 6, and the end of the telescopic boom 5 is hinged to the front end of the subframe 3. In a preferred embodiment, the hinge point between the telescopic boom 5 and the subframe 3 is located between the cab 1 and the dump truck body 2. The front end of the telescopic boom 5 can rotate from the front of the cab 1 to the rear to the top of the dump truck body 2.

[0026] The end of the second link 8 is also hinged to the front crossbeam of the subframe 3. The hinge point between the second link 8 and the subframe 3 is located behind the hinge point between the telescopic arm 5 and the subframe 3. Here, "behind" means that the hinge point between the second link 8 and the subframe 3 is closer to the rear of the vehicle than the hinge point between the telescopic arm 5 and the subframe 3.

[0027] The front end of the first link 7 is hinged to the telescopic boom 5. The hinge point between the first link 7 and the telescopic boom 5 is located in front of the hinge point between the telescopic boom 5 and the subframe 3. Here, "in front" means that the hinge point between the first link 7 and the telescopic boom 5 is closer to the front end of the telescopic boom 5 than the hinge point between the telescopic boom 5 and the subframe 3. The middle part of the first link 7 is hinged to the front end of the second link 8. The end of the first link 7 is also hinged to the front end of the boom telescopic mechanism 4. The end of the boom telescopic mechanism 4 is hinged to the support beams 11 on the left and right sides of the middle of the subframe 3, so that the boom telescopic mechanism 4 can be located outside the dump truck body 2.

[0028] The above structure forms a variable amplitude mechanism. When the boom telescopic mechanism 4 extends or retracts, it can drive the telescopic boom 5 to rotate back and forth through the first link 7, so as to rotate from the position below the cab 1 to the position above the dump truck body 2. The telescopic boom 5 can rotate at an angle of nearly 180° without creating a dead point.

[0029] To increase the loading coverage of the bucket 6 over the dump truck body 2, the telescopic boom 5 is configured with multiple telescopic sections. In this embodiment, it has three sections, including a first telescopic section 501, a second telescopic section 502, and a third telescopic section 503. The third telescopic section 503 is hinged to the front crossbeam of the subframe 3. A drive cylinder 12 is installed on the telescopic boom 5 to drive its extension and retraction. A downward-curving corner arm 504 is provided at the front end of the first telescopic section 501. A crossbeam 10 is welded between the corner arms 504 on the left and right sides of the telescopic boom 5, connecting the left and right telescopic boom 5 into a single unit for synchronous operation. The two sides of the bucket 6 are respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the two corner arms 504. Each telescopic boom 5 is also equipped with a bucket telescopic mechanism 9 on its first telescopic section 501. The tail end of the bucket telescopic mechanism 9 is hinged to the first telescopic section 501, and the front end of the bucket telescopic mechanism 9 is hinged to the back side plate of the bucket 6. When the bucket telescopic mechanism 9 extends or retracts, the bucket 6 can rotate on the corner arm 504 at the front end of the first telescopic section 501, thereby adjusting the angle of the bucket 6. This facilitates the loading and unloading of materials with the bucket 6 close to the ground and ensures that the bucket 6 remains level and does not spill materials during the process of the telescopic boom 5 rotating backward to fill the truck bed 2. In a preferred embodiment, the boom telescopic mechanism 4 and the bucket telescopic mechanism 9 are hydraulic telescopic cylinders. The self-loading truck can drive the telescopic boom 5, the boom telescopic mechanism 4, the bucket telescopic mechanism 9, and the lifting mechanism of the self-unloading truck bed 2 through the hydraulic system to complete the self-loading and unloading of materials.

[0030] The loading and unloading process of this dump truck is as follows: During driving, the telescopic boom 5 is kept at its shortest length. The boom extension mechanism 4 controls the telescopic boom 5 to be at approximately a 75° angle to the horizontal direction, so as not to affect the driver's entry and exit from the cab 1, nor to affect the rearward tilting of the dump truck bed 2 for unloading. The bucket extension mechanism 9 places the opening of the bucket 6 horizontally, minimizing the overall height of the vehicle.

[0031] When shoveling is required, the telescopic boom 5 retracts to its shortest position during the shoveling process. The boom extension mechanism 4 extends, rotating the telescopic boom 5 to the front of the cab 1 and lowering it to its lowest position. The bucket extension mechanism 9 controls the bottom of the bucket 6 to be nearly horizontal and in contact with the ground. Figure 3 As shown, the driver drives the vehicle forward to complete the shoveling action.

[0032] When loading cargo into the front of the dump truck body 2, the telescopic boom 5 retracts to its shortest position. The boom extension mechanism 4 retracts, causing the boom 5 to rotate backward and lift the bucket 6. During the lifting of the bucket 6, the coordinated actions of the boom extension mechanism 4 and the bucket extension mechanism 9 keep the opening of the bucket 6 horizontal to prevent material spillage. After the bucket 6 reaches above the front position of the dump truck body 2, the bucket extension mechanism 9 retracts, driving the bucket 6 to tilt backward, thereby dumping the material into the front of the dump truck body 2. Figure 4 As shown.

[0033] When loading cargo at the rear of the dump truck body 2, the process is the same as when loading cargo at the front of the dump truck body 2: first, the bucket 6 is raised above the front position of the dump truck body 2; then, the telescopic boom 5 extends, and simultaneously the boom extension mechanism 4 retracts further, so that the bucket 6 reaches above the rear position of the dump truck body 2. During this process, the coordinated actions of the boom extension mechanism 4 and the bucket extension mechanism 9 keep the bucket 6 horizontal. Figure 5 As shown. After the bucket 6 reaches above the rear of the dump truck 2, the bucket extension mechanism 9 drives the bucket 6 to tilt backward, thereby dumping the material into the rear of the dump truck 2, as shown. Figure 6 As shown.

Claims

1. A loading arm structure for a dump truck, characterized in that, The device includes a subframe, a boom telescopic mechanism, a telescopic boom, a bucket, a first link, and a second link. The end of the telescopic boom is hinged to the front crossbeam of the subframe. Both ends of the first link are hinged to the telescopic boom and the boom telescopic mechanism, respectively. The front end of the first link is hinged to the telescopic boom, and the hinge point between the first link and the telescopic boom is located in front of the end of the telescopic boom. The end of the first link is hinged to the front end of the boom telescopic mechanism. The first link is hinged to the front end of the second link, and the end of the second link is connected to the subframe. The second link is hinged to the middle of the first link, and the hinge point between the end of the second link and the subframe is located behind the hinge point between the telescopic boom and the subframe. The subframe, the telescopic boom, the first link, and the second link constitute a four-bar linkage. The front end of the boom telescopic mechanism is hinged to the first link, and the end of the boom telescopic mechanism is hinged to the middle of the subframe. When the boom telescopic mechanism extends or retracts, it drives the telescopic boom to rotate. The bucket is hinged to the front end of the telescopic boom and is driven to flip by the bucket telescopic mechanism.

2. The loading arm structure for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic boom mechanism, telescopic boom, first link, and second link are all arranged in pairs. The telescopic boom is located on both sides in front of the subframe, and the telescopic boom mechanism is located on both sides of the subframe.

3. The loading arm structure for a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the telescopic arm is fixedly connected by a crossbeam, and the front ends of the two telescopic arms are respectively hinged to both sides of the bucket.

4. The loading arm structure for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic boom has a downward-curving corner arm structure at its front end, and the bucket is hinged to the bottom end of the corner arm.

5. The loading arm structure for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the boom extension mechanism and the bucket extension mechanism are hydraulic cylinders.

6. A self-loading and unloading vehicle, comprising a self-unloading compartment, characterized in that, Includes the loading arm structure for dump trucks as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The self-loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes a cab, the telescopic boom is located on both sides of the cab, the boom telescopic mechanism is located on both sides of the dump truck body, the boom telescopic mechanism drives the telescopic boom to rotate so that the bucket rises from the front of the cab and flips backward over the cab.

8. The self-loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hinge point between the telescopic boom and the subframe is located behind the cab.

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