Mixed fermentation fertilizer and application thereof on yam

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mixed fermentation fertilizer and its application on yam, raw material includes by weight portion: 100-200 portions of banana stem residue, 50-100 portions of cassava, 25-50 portions of fig branch, 10-15 portions of endophyte fungus powder, 50-80 portions of rice bran and 20-30 portions of sheep manure, the application is the application of mixed fermentation fertilizer in promoting yam growth.The application makes full use of the natural composition endophyte of yam itself, and is mixed with banana stem residue, cassava, fig branch, rice bran and sheep manure, the operation process of this fermentation process is simple, not only realizes waste resource, promotes the benign cycle of natural resources, but also can inhibit plant root system absorption heavy metal, can also improve soil organic matter and the quality and yield of yam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fermentation engineering technology, and in particular to a mixed fermentation fertilizer and its application in yam. Background Technology

[0002] Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) is the dried rhizome of the Dioscorea opposita plant, belonging to the Dioscoreaceae family. Yam requires relatively fertile soil, especially in terms of organic matter and soil nutrients. Due to its high nutrient requirements, yam is often the first crop planted after fallow periods. Considering fertility loss and the pressure on land use from non-agricultural development, soil productivity in tropical regions is limited. Agricultural enzymes in mixed fermented fertilizers are enzyme products containing specific bioactive components, made primarily from plants with or without additives, through microbial fermentation. These products are used in planting, animal husbandry, and soil improvement. Currently, they are applied in agricultural production as base fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, drip irrigation fertilizer, biological pesticides, and decomposing bacteria agents. The microorganisms in these products promote crop growth through a series of complex reactions that facilitate the decomposition of soil nutrients and inhibit soil pathogens.

[0003] Plant endophytes are microorganisms that survive part or all of their life cycle within the tissues or intercellular spaces of healthy plants without causing obvious pathological symptoms in the host. Plants serve as hosts for these endophytes, providing them with nutrients. The endophytes, in turn, produce secondary metabolites with certain biological activities, forming a symbiotic relationship with the plant. This results in the promotion of plant growth and the stabilization of the ecological environment. Using plant endophytes as fertilizer not only avoids the environmental pollution caused by chemical pesticides but also avoids killing non-target microorganisms and disrupting the microecological balance of the rhizosphere soil, playing a crucial role in promoting plant growth and development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a mixed fermentation fertilizer and its application in yam to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which, by weight, include: 100-200 parts banana stalk residue, 50-100 parts cassava, 25-50 parts banyan tree branches, 7-16 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 50-80 parts rice bran, and 20-30 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder, and the weight ratio is 3-6:1-4:1-4:2-7.

[0007] Preferably, the endophytic bacterial powder is composed of a mixture of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder in a weight ratio of 3-5:1-3:1-3:2-5.

[0008] Preferably, a mixed fermented fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder, in a weight ratio of 4:2:2:3.

[0009] Preferably, the effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0010] Preferably, the *Fusarium chlamydosporum* strain is *Fusarium chlamydosporum* ZC201301, which was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on August 15, 2014, with accession number CGMCC No. 9562.

[0011] Preferably, Streptomyces lydii DOR3-2 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on June 24, 2012, with accession number CCTCC No: M2012237.

[0012] Preferably, Streptomyces JXGZ01 was deposited at the Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection on July 13, 2021, with accession number GDMCC No: 61804.

[0013] Preferably, the Lactococcus gasseri is Lactococcus gasseri SY-1, which was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on July 28, 2014, with accession number CGMCC No. 9485.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 100-200 parts banana stalk residue, 50-100 parts cassava, 25-50 parts banyan tree branches, 10-15 parts endophytic fungal powder, 50-80 parts rice bran, and 20-30 parts sheep manure.

[0016] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into composting materials and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25-30:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m2.

[0017] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 35-50%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 80-100 days at a temperature of 40-70℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0018] Preferably, the application of a mixed fermented fertilizer in promoting yam growth, improving yam quality, increasing soil organic matter, and absorbing heavy metals.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) This invention makes full use of the natural endophytic bacteria present in yam itself, and mixes them with banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure to prepare a mixed fermented fertilizer that meets the requirements of the standard "Plant Enzymes" (QB / T 5323-2018).

[0021] (2) Fermentation using endophytic bacteria is a simple process that not only realizes the resource utilization of banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure waste, promoting the benign cycle of natural resources, but also the metabolic products of endophytic bacteria can effectively fix heavy metals in the soil through biological interaction, inhibit the absorption of heavy metals by plant roots, and improve the quality and yield of soil organic matter and yam, especially sugar content. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include by weight: 100 parts banana stalk residue, 50 parts cassava, 25 parts banyan tree branches, 7 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 50 parts rice bran, and 20 parts sheep manure.

[0025] The endophytic bacterial powder is composed of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidii DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder in a weight ratio of 3:1:1:2.

[0026] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0027] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0028] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 100 parts banana stalk residue, 50 parts cassava, 25 parts banyan tree branches, 10 parts endophytic fungal powder, 50 parts rice bran, and 20 parts sheep manure.

[0029] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0030] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 35%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 80 days at a temperature of 40℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include by weight: 200 parts banana stalk residue, 100 parts cassava, 50 parts banyan tree branches, 16 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 80 parts rice bran, and 30 parts sheep manure.

[0033] The endophytic bacterial powder is composed of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidii DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder in a weight ratio of 6:4:4:7.

[0034] A mixed fermented fertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 cfu / mL, effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01

[0035] ≥7.0×10 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0036] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 200 parts banana stalk residue, 100 parts cassava, 50 parts banyan tree branches, 15 parts endophytic fungal powder, 80 parts rice bran, and 30 parts sheep manure.

[0038] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0039] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 100 days at a temperature of 70℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A mixed fermented fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chlamydosporum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder, in a weight ratio of 4:2:2:3.

[0042] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0043] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0045] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0046] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 90 days at a temperature of 60℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the proportion of endophytic bacteria powder is changed, while the other components and steps remain the same.

[0049] A mixed fermented fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chlamydosporum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder, in a weight ratio of 6:2:4:3.

[0050] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0051] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0053] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0054] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 90 days at a temperature of 60℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the proportion of endophytic bacteria powder is changed, while the other components and steps remain the same.

[0057] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chlamydosporum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder, in a weight ratio of 4:4:2:7.

[0058] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0059] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0060] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0061] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0062] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 60℃ for 90 days. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that Fusarium chrysogenum powder and Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder are not added to the endophytic bacterial powder, while the other components and steps remain unchanged.

[0065] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of a mixture of Streptomyces JXGZ01 bacteria powder and Lactococcus gasseri bacteria powder in a weight ratio of 5:6.

[0066] The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0067] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0068] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0069] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0070] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 90 days at a temperature of 60℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that Streptomyces JXGZ0 powder and Lactococcus gasseri powder are not added to the endophytic bacteria powder, while the other components and steps remain unchanged.

[0073] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chrysogenum powder and Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder in a weight ratio of 7:4.

[0074] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 6 cfu / mL.

[0075] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0077] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into composting materials and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height to be ≤1m, and the area to be occupied to be ≤25m2.

[0078] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 90 days at a temperature of 60℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that no Streptomyces lydii DOR3-2 powder and Lactococcus gasseri powder were added to the endophytic bacteria powder, while the other components and steps remained unchanged.

[0081] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of Fusarium chlamydosporum powder and Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and the weight ratio is 7:4.

[0082] The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 is ≥7.0 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 cfu / mL.

[0083] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0084] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0085] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0086] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 90 days at a temperature of 60℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that Fusarium chrysogenum powder and Streptomyces JXGZ0 powder are not added to the endophytic bacterial powder, while the other components and steps remain unchanged.

[0089] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic bacteria powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure; wherein the endophytic bacteria powder is composed of a mixture of Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder and Lactococcus gasseri powder in a weight ratio of 5:6.

[0090] The effective viable count of *Streptomyces lydii* DOR3-2 in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri (CFU / mL) is ≥1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / mL.

[0091] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0092] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0093] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0094] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 60℃ for 90 days. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the endophytic bacteria powder is changed to Shimamoto enzyme powder, while the other ingredients and steps remain the same.

[0097] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts Shimamoto enzyme powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0098] Shimamoto Enzyme Powder is produced by Kunming Bangte Biotechnology Co., Ltd. It is a powder with an effective live bacteria count ≥ 0.50 billion / g.

[0099] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0100] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 11 parts endophytic fungal powder, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0101] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ;

[0102] (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add Shimamoto enzyme powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 60℃ for 90 days. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0103] Comparative Example 6

[0104] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that no endophytic bacteria powder is added, while the other components and steps remain unchanged.

[0105] A mixed fermented fertilizer, the raw materials of which include by weight: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0106] The preparation method of this mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0107] (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 150 parts banana stalk residue, 75 parts cassava, 35 parts banyan tree branches, 60 parts rice bran, and 25 parts sheep manure.

[0108] (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 28:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 After adjusting the moisture content to 40%, aerobic fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 60℃ for 90 days. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

[0109] Experimental Example 1

[0110] 1.1 Test Methods

[0111] The mixed fermented fertilizers from Examples 1 to 3 were tested. The test indicators were determined according to the physicochemical indicators of plant enzymes for planting in the "Plant Enzymes" (QB / T 5323-2018), including general physicochemical indicators and characteristic physicochemical indicators.

[0112] 1.2 Test Results

[0113] As shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0114] Table 1 General Physicochemical Indicators of Plant Enzymes Used in Crop Production

[0115]

[0116] Table 2. Characteristic Physicochemical Indicators of Plant Enzymes Used in Crop Production

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the mixed fermented fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 meet the standards of "Plant Enzymes" (QB / T5323-2018).

[0120] Experimental Example 2: Heavy Metal Adsorption

[0121] 2.1 Test Methods

[0122] Soil contaminated with heavy metals was collected and placed in 5L flowerpots for passivation remediation using a mixed fermented fertilizer. The fertilizers prepared in Examples 3, 4, 5, 4, and 5 were evenly applied to the soil, with the fertilizer-to-soil ratio controlled at approximately 1:4 by weight. Samples were taken every 15 days, and the contents of available zinc, available copper, and available cadmium in the original soil and the soil after fertilizer remediation were extracted using the TCLP method, and the percentage reduction in content was calculated.

[0123] 2.2 Test Results

[0124] As shown in Table 3:

[0125] Table 3. Heavy metal adsorption results

[0126]

[0127] Table 3 shows that the mixed fermented fertilizer prepared in Example 3 can effectively reduce the heavy metal content in the soil, thereby inhibiting the absorption of heavy metals by plant roots and ensuring the quality of crops grown in the soil. Furthermore, a comparison of the data from Example 3 with Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 5-6 reveals that the type and ratio of endophytic bacteria affect the final adsorption effect. Even with increased proportions of *Fusarium chrysogenum* powder, *Streptomyces lydyides* DOR3-2 powder, *Streptomyces lydyides* JXGZ01 powder, and *Lactococcus gasseri* powder in Examples 4 and 5, the technical effect was not better than that of Example 3, indicating that the proportion of endophytic bacteria powder added in Example 3 was optimal. Although the types of microorganisms added in Comparative Example 5 were changed, the technical effect was still not better than that of Example 3, indicating that the types of endophytic bacteria added in Example 3 were preferred. Comparative Example 6 shows that endophytic bacteria play a crucial role in the remediation of heavy metals in the soil, thus affecting the quality of crops grown in the soil.

[0128] Experiment Example 3: Effects of Fertilizer on Yam Yield and Quality

[0129] 3.1 Test Methods

[0130] The tested yam variety was Yunhuai No. 1. The yams were planted in shallow trenches, each containing a directional trench. The trenches were 120cm long, 38cm wide, and 32cm high. The planting area was located in Hainan, a tropical maritime monsoon climate region with lateritic red soil. Each treatment had four trenches, with two yam plants per trench, and three replicates were used. This meant each treatment had 12 trenches and a total of 24 yam plants. Ten experimental groups were set up, divided into experimental groups (Examples 3-7, Comparative Examples 1-4) and a control group (120 trenches and 240 yam plants treated with commercially available organic fertilizer (main active ingredients: pig manure, cow manure, platycodon root, oilseed cake, straw ash, plant foliage, etc.)). Fertilization method: 50-60 kg / mu of basal fertilizer plus topdressing.

[0131] Determination of yam yield: After harvesting the yams, remove the soil attached to the yams, measure the fresh weight of the tubers in the underground part of each yam plant and record the tuber weight.

[0132] Determination of quality indicators of yam: After harvesting yam, take the middle part of the yam tuber, dry and crush it, and the yam powder is to be tested.

[0133] Starch content was determined by acid hydrolysis and anthrone colorimetric method; crude polysaccharide content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method; soluble sugar content was determined by anthrone colorimetric method; reducing sugar content was determined by DNS colorimetric method; soluble protein content was determined by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 colorimetric method; ascorbic acid content was determined by 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol titration colorimetric method; and flavonoids and total phenols were determined by hydrochloric acid-methanol extraction and colorimetric method.

[0134] 3.2 Test Results

[0135] The experimental results are shown in Table 4:

[0136] Table 4. Effects of fertilizer on yam yield and quality

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Table 4 shows that, overall, the fertilizer prepared in Example 3 improves the yield and quality of yam. Comparing Example 3 with Examples 4 and 5, it is evident that increasing the endophytic bacteria ratio increases the yam tuber weight, but the quality is slightly inferior to that of Example 3. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, it is clear that when not all endophytic bacteria strains are added according to the formula of this application, the metabolic products of the endophytic bacteria cannot hydrolyze small molecule compounds, preventing the yam from rapidly absorbing nutrients, resulting in poor yam yield and quality. Compared with Comparative Examples 5 and 6, it is evident that… It is known that the yield and quality of the yam were worse than those in Example 3, indicating that the choice of endophytic bacteria has a significant impact on the yam. The selection of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder was more effective than that of Shimamoto enzyme powder. The technique without adding endophytic bacteria powder had the worst effect. Compared with commercially available organic fertilizer, it can be clearly seen that the tuber weight was slightly higher than that in Example 3, but the quality was lower than that in Example 3. The yam after fertilization in Example 3 had better quality, especially in terms of sugar content.

[0140] Experiment 4: Soil Improvement

[0141] 4.1 Test Methods

[0142] Before applying fertilizer, 20 sampling points were taken in each area, with a sample weight of 2 kg at each sampling point. After sample reduction, the samples were sent for testing to obtain soil improvement data before fertilizer application. The yams grown using the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 and 2 according to the planting method in Example 3, and after the yam harvest at the end of Example 3, soil samples were taken using the same sampling method to obtain soil improvement data after fertilizer application. The organic matter detection method was the potassium dichromate titration method (external heating method). The soil porosity calculation formula was: Soil porosity (%) = (1 - bulk density / specific gravity) × 100.

[0143] 4.2 Test Results

[0144] The experimental results are shown in Table 5:

[0145] Table 5 Results of Soil Improvement

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] As shown in Table 5, the mixed fermented fertilizer prepared according to this application scheme is beneficial to the improvement of soil organic matter. The average increase in the application areas of Examples 1-3 was 63.18%. It also improved the available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and total porosity in the application areas, especially the effect on total porosity was the most significant. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, Example 3 shows that the fermentation product of the interaction of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder and Lactococcus gasseri powder is beneficial to the formation of soil nutrients. Compared with Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 5-6, Example 3 shows that the types and proportions of endophytic bacteria added to the fertilizer affect the soil structure. They decompose the inorganic salts in the soil into the required proteins and amino acids through the action of enzymes produced by their own metabolic reactions, thus promoting crop growth.

[0149] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a mixed fermented fertilizer in promoting yam growth, improving yam quality, increasing soil organic matter, and passivating heavy metals, characterized in that, The raw materials, by weight, include: 100-200 parts banana stalk residue, 50-100 parts cassava, 25-50 parts banyan tree branches, 7-16 parts endophytic fungal powder, 50-80 parts rice bran, and 20-30 parts sheep manure; the endophytic fungal powder is composed of a mixture of Fusarium chrysogenum powder, Streptomyces lidiflora DOR3-2 powder, Streptomyces JXGZ01 powder, and Lactococcus gasseri powder in a weight ratio of 4:2:2:

3.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective viable count of *Fusarium chrysogenum* in the endophytic bacterial powder is ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, and an effective viable count of Streptomyces lydiedi DOR3-2 ≥ 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / mL, effective viable count of Streptomyces JXGZ01 ≥ 7.0 × 10⁻⁶ 8 CFU / mL, effective viable count of Lactococcus gasseri ≥1.0×10⁻⁶ 8 cfu / mL.

3. The application according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the mixed fermented fertilizer includes the following steps: (1) Prepare materials: Prepare materials according to the following weight proportions: 100-200 parts banana stalk residue, 50-100 parts cassava, 25-50 parts banyan tree branches, 10-15 parts endophytic fungal powder, 50-80 parts rice bran, and 20-30 parts sheep manure. (2) Composting: Mix banana stalk residue, cassava, banyan tree branches, rice bran and sheep manure into compost material and build a pile. Control the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25~30:1, the pile height ≤1m, and the area occupied ≤25m². 2 ; (3) Adding bacteria for fermentation: Add endophytic bacteria powder to the compost material in step (2), stir evenly, adjust the moisture content to 35~50%, and carry out aerobic fermentation for 80~100 days at a temperature of 40~70℃. After the fermentation is completed, the mixed fermented fertilizer is obtained.

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