A downhole multi-mode corer and method suitable for complex substrata

Abstract

The application discloses a downhole multi-mode corer and method suitable for complex bottom layers, which comprises a main drill rod, a coring mechanism arranged in the main drill rod and a coring driving mechanism; the main drill rod is a hollow drill rod, and a drill bit is fixed to the lower end of the main drill rod; the coring mechanism comprises a coring drill rod arranged in the main drill rod, the coring drill rod is a hollow drill rod, and the coring drill rod is coaxially arranged with the main drill rod; a coring drill rod support ring is slidably arranged in the main drill rod, a coring drill rod support column is fixedly arranged in the coring drill rod support ring, and the coring drill rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the coring drill rod support column; in the application, a composite driving mode of static pressure driving, rotary driving, impact driving and high-frequency vibration is adopted to drive the coring drill rod to sample marine geological samples, and various marine geological conditions under complex environments can be sampled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine geological exploration technology, specifically to a downhole multi-mode coring instrument and method suitable for complex bottom layers. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of marine geological exploration, borehole sampling is one of the most widely used exploration methods. International research on marine drilling and sampling technology began in the 1970s. Through practical application in marine drilling programs such as DSDP, ODP, and IODP, various types of drilling and sampling tools have been developed and successfully applied in deep-sea drilling and sampling work around the world.

[0003] Currently, the main advanced pressure-holding sampling drilling tools abroad include: HybridPCS developed by Japan, HRC and FPC from Fugro, and PCS from ODP. In China, research on marine drilling sampling technology began in the late 1980s, but the development of marine drilling sampling technology in China has been relatively slow.

[0004] To meet the needs of marine engineering development, a set of geological sampling and in-situ testing equipment based on marine drilling is needed. Downhole sampling faces diverse geological conditions, thus requiring the development of a sampling drive tool with multiple drive technologies. This sampling tool needs to possess composite drive technologies such as hydrostatic pressure, rotation, vibration, and impact sampling, combined with a core sampler positioning structure design, to control the pressure, amplitude, frequency, and other action parameters generated by the sampling tool, achieving good sampling capabilities in various formations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a downhole multi-mode coring device and method suitable for complex geological formations, which can be used for sampling in complex marine geological formations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A downhole multi-mode coring device and method suitable for complex bottom layers, including a main drill pipe, a coring mechanism and a coring drive mechanism disposed in the main drill pipe; The main drill pipe is a hollow drill pipe, and a drill bit is fixed at the lower end of the main drill pipe; The coring mechanism includes a coring drill rod installed inside the main drill rod. The coring drill rod is a hollow drill rod and is arranged coaxially with the main drill rod. The main drill pipe is equipped with a sliding fit core drill pipe support ring, and a core drill pipe support column is fixedly installed inside the core drill pipe support ring. The core drill pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the core drill pipe support column. The coring drive mechanism includes a hydrostatic drive mechanism installed inside the main drill pipe. The hydrostatic drive mechanism includes a hydrostatic drive support ring. The lower end of the hydrostatic drive support ring has multiple downward-facing hydrostatic drive receiving holes. An upward-facing hydrostatic drive cylinder is slidably fitted inside the hydrostatic drive receiving holes. A hydrostatic drive telescopic rod is provided inside the hydrostatic drive receiving hole. The hydrostatic drive telescopic rod is a hydraulic drive rod. The axis of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod is parallel to the axis of the hydrostatic drive support ring. The outer end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the hydrostatic drive receiving hole, and the inner end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the hydrostatic drive cylinder. The lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the core drill rod support ring.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the core drill rod is connected to the lower end of the core drill rod support through a rotary drive mechanism. The rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive support ring fixed to the lower end of the core drill rod support. The lower end of the rotary drive support ring has an annular and downward-facing rotary receiving groove. A core drill rod drive ring is rotatably fitted inside the rotary receiving groove. The upper end of the core drill rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the core drill rod drive ring. The rotating receiving ring groove contains a servo motor for driving the core drill rod drive ring to rotate.

[0008] Explanation: A rotary drive mechanism is used for auxiliary sampling. The servo motor drives the core drill rod drive ring to rotate, and the core drill rod drive ring rotates around the axis of the main drill rod. The core drill rod drive ring drives the core drill rod to rotate together. During the process of inserting the core drill rod into the geological layer to be sampled, the core drill rod also rotates around the axis of the main drill rod, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod.

[0009] Preferably, the core driving mechanism further includes an impact driving mechanism connected between the hydrostatic driving mechanism and the core drill rod support ring. The impact driving mechanism includes an impact driving ring with multiple impact driving receiving holes extending parallel to its axis. An impact driving support plate is fixedly installed in the impact driving receiving hole. An impact driving rod is fixedly installed between the lower side of the impact driving support plate and the bottom of the impact driving receiving hole. The impact driving rod and the impact driving receiving hole are coaxially arranged. An impact driving hammer is slidably installed in the impact driving receiving hole. The impact driving hammer has a ring structure and surrounds the outside of the impact driving rod. An impact drive fitting ring is fixedly provided at the bottom of the impact drive receiving hole; The impact-driven hammer is driven by a linear motor structure to move along the axis of the impact-driven receiving hole. The stator of the linear motor structure is located on the outside of the impact-driven rod, and the mover of the linear motor structure is located on the inside of the impact-driven hammer. The lower end of the impact drive ring is fixedly connected to the core drill rod support ring, and the upper end of the impact drive ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder.

[0010] Explanation: The impact of the impact-driven hammer generates a downward impact force along the axis of the main drill pipe. The impact-driven ring drives the core drill pipe to continuously impact and penetrate into the geological layer to be sampled through the core drill pipe support ring and the core drill pipe support column, thus drilling the geological sample into the core drill pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the core extraction drive mechanism further includes a vibration drive mechanism connected between the hydrostatic drive mechanism and the impact drive mechanism. The vibration drive mechanism includes a vibration drive ring, which has an annular hollow vibration drive receiving ring groove. An annular vibration drive support plate is provided in the vibration drive receiving ring groove. The upper side of the vibration drive support plate is connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving ring groove through multiple upper connecting telescopic rods, and the lower side of the vibration drive support plate is connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving ring groove through multiple lower connecting telescopic rods. Multiple vibration modules are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower sides of the vibration drive support plate. Both the upper and lower connecting telescopic rods are telescopic cylinders. The outer end of the upper connecting telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving annular groove, and the inner end of the upper connecting telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the vibration drive support plate. The outer end of the lower connecting telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving annular groove, and the inner end of the lower connecting telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the vibration drive support plate. The axes of the upper and lower connecting telescopic rods are both arranged parallel to the axis of the vibration drive ring. The lower end of the vibration drive ring is fixedly connected to the impact drive ring, and the upper end of the vibration drive ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder.

[0012] Explanation: The high-frequency vibration generated by the vibration module causes the vibration drive ring to vibrate and impact along the axis of the main drill pipe. The vibration drive ring drives the core drill pipe to impact and penetrate deep into the geological layer to be sampled through the core drill pipe support ring and the core drill pipe support column, thus drilling the geological sample into the core drill pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the impact drive ring is connected to the core drill rod support ring through a drive connection mechanism. The drive connection mechanism includes a drive connection ring. The lower end of the drive connection ring has multiple downward-facing drive connection receiving holes. A drive connection column is fixedly installed in the drive connection receiving hole. The top of the drive connection column has an upward-facing rotating column mating hole. A drive rotating column is rotatably mated in the rotating column mating hole. The drive connecting column has a connecting column receiving hole extending radially on its side. The connecting column receiving hole is connected to the rotating column mating hole. A locking connecting column is slidably fitted inside the connecting column receiving hole. The outer side of the drive rotating column has multiple locking connecting column mating grooves extending circumferentially. The depth of the locking connecting column mating grooves along the circumferential direction of the locking connecting column is a gradient structure. The lower side of the connecting post receiving hole has a reset receiving groove, which extends radially along the driving connecting post. A reset driving block is fixedly provided on the lower side of the locking connecting post. The reset driving block is placed inside the reset receiving groove. A locking reset spring is provided between the side of the reset driving block away from the axis of the driving connecting post and the end of the reset receiving groove away from the axis of the driving connecting post. The upper end of the core drill rod support ring has multiple upward-facing drive connection mating holes, and the inner wall of the drive connection mating holes has multiple locking connection pin mating holes, which extend radially along the drive connection mating holes. The drive connecting post is inserted into the drive connecting mating hole, and the locking connecting post is engaged in the locking connecting post mating hole.

[0014] Note: The coring drill rod and the auxiliary sampling drill rod share a common drive mechanism. The drive connection mechanism facilitates the change of connection mode to determine whether to use the coring drill rod or the auxiliary sampling drill rod for sampling.

[0015] Preferably, the main drill pipe is provided with an auxiliary sampling mechanism, which includes an auxiliary sampling drill pipe. The core drill pipe support has an auxiliary sampling mating hole that runs through its axis. An auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder is fixedly provided at the top of the core drill pipe support. The auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder is arranged coaxially with the core drill pipe support. A sampling drill pipe support column is slidably fitted inside the auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder. The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod is connected to the lower end of the sampling drill rod support column through a rotary sampling mechanism. The lower end of the sampling drill rod support column has an annular rotary sampling receiving groove with its opening facing downward. The rotary sampling mechanism includes an auxiliary sampling drive ring that is rotatably connected in the rotary sampling receiving groove. The rotary sampling receiving groove has a servo motor for driving the auxiliary sampling drive ring to rotate. The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the auxiliary sampling drive ring. A sampling drill rod drive column is fixedly installed at the top of the sampling drill rod support column; The sampling drill rod drive column is equipped with a power transfer mechanism. Multiple power transfer receiving slots are arranged along its axial direction on the outer side of the sampling drill rod drive column. The power transfer receiving slots extend along the axis parallel to the sampling drill rod drive column. The power transfer mechanism includes a power transfer support plate connected in the power transfer receiving slot. The lower end of the power transfer support plate is connected to the bottom of the power transfer receiving slot through a fixed hinge. The power transfer receiving groove has a transfer support plate drive hole on one side near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column. The transfer support plate drive hole is equipped with a tilting drive rod, which is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the tilting drive rod is connected to the end of the transfer support plate drive hole near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column through a fixed hinge. The inner end of the tilting drive rod is connected to the power transfer support plate through a fixed hinge. The power adapter support plate has a power adapter connection hole, and the inner wall of the power adapter connection hole has multiple power adapter locking holes, which extend radially along the power adapter connection hole. A support plate and auxiliary support ring are fixedly installed on the outside of the sampling drill rod drive column, and the support plate and auxiliary support ring are located below the power transfer receiving groove.

[0016] Note: The auxiliary sampling mechanism enables flexible sampling for various rock strata structures.

[0017] Preferably, the auxiliary sampling drill rod is provided with a spiral sampling mechanism, which includes a spiral drill rod disposed inside the auxiliary sampling drill rod, a spiral drill rod drive housing fixedly disposed at the top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod, and a spiral drill rod mating hole through the top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod along its axis. The rotating shaft of the spiral drill rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the spiral drill rod mating hole. The upper end of the auger drill rod mating hole is connected to the inside of the auger drill rod drive housing. The upper end of the auger drill rod shaft extends into the inside of the auger drill rod drive housing. The auger drill rod drive housing contains a servo motor for driving the rotation of the auger drill rod.

[0018] Explanation: In the spiral sampling mechanism, the spiral drill rod is driven to rotate by a servo motor. During the process of the auxiliary sampling drill rod penetrating into the geological layer to be sampled, the sample is assisted to be drilled into the auxiliary sampling drill rod by the rotational conveying action of the spiral drill rod.

[0019] Preferably, the upper end of the hydrostatic drive support ring is provided with a migration crawling mechanism. The migration crawling mechanism includes a lower migration support ring and an upper migration support ring arranged coaxially. The top of the lower migration support ring has multiple upward-facing migration fixing holes, and the lower end of the upper migration support ring has multiple downward-facing migration sliding holes. An upward-facing migration sliding support cylinder is fixed in the migration fixing hole, and the multiple migration sliding support cylinders are slidably connected in each migration sliding hole one-to-one. The sliding hole is equipped with a sliding drive telescopic rod, which is a hydraulic drive rod. The outer end of the sliding drive telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding hole, and the inner end of the sliding drive telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding support cylinder. The outer side of the lower migration support ring has multiple first migration support holes. The first migration support holes extend radially along the lower migration support ring. A first migration support post is slidably fitted inside the first migration support hole. A first migration drive rod is provided inside the first migration support hole. The first migration drive rod is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the first migration drive rod is fixedly connected to the end of the first migration support hole near the axis of the lower migration support ring. The inner end of the first migration drive rod is fixedly connected to the first migration support post. The outer side of the upper migration support ring has multiple second migration support holes. The second migration support holes extend radially along the upper migration support ring. A second migration support column is slidably fitted inside the second migration support hole. A second migration drive rod is provided inside the second migration support hole. The second migration drive rod is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the second migration drive rod is fixedly connected to the end of the second migration support hole near the axis of the upper migration support ring. The inner end of the second migration drive rod is fixedly connected to the second migration support column.

[0020] Explanation: The migration crawling mechanism is used to drive the entire hydrostatic drive mechanism, impact drive mechanism, and vibration drive mechanism to move along the axis of the main drill pipe; The coring drill rod and the auxiliary sampling drill rod share a common drive mechanism. The position of the entire drive structure can be changed by using a migration crawling mechanism, which facilitates switching between driving the coring drill rod or the auxiliary sampling drill rod.

[0021] Preferably, the lower end of the main drill pipe is provided with a drill pipe sealing mechanism. The drill pipe sealing mechanism includes a sealing mechanism support ring fixed inside the main drill pipe. The sealing mechanism support ring is coaxially arranged with the main drill pipe. The inner side of the sealing mechanism support ring has an annular sealing mechanism receiving ring groove. A sealing drive ring is slidably provided in the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove. The sealing drive ring is coaxially arranged with the sealing mechanism support ring. A sealing drive fixing ring is fixedly installed at the top of the receiving ring groove of the sealing mechanism. The sealing drive fixing ring is a hollow structure with the opening facing downward. A sealing drive sliding ring is slidably installed inside the sealing drive fixing ring. The sealing drive sliding ring is a hollow structure with the opening facing upward. A sealing drive rod is installed inside the sealing drive fixing ring. The sealing drive rod is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the sealing drive rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing drive fixing ring, and the inner end of the sealing drive rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing drive sliding ring. The top of the sealed drive ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sealed drive sliding ring, and the lower end of the sealed drive ring is connected to multiple sealed baffles via a fixed hinge. The lower edge of the annular groove in the sealed mechanism has an inverted conical surface structure. The outer side of the core drill rod support ring has a support ring locking mechanism. The outer side of the core drill rod support ring has multiple locking mechanism receiving holes. The locking mechanism receiving holes extend radially along the core drill rod support ring. The support ring locking mechanism includes a locking top pressure column that is slidably fitted in the locking mechanism receiving hole. A locking drive rod is provided in the locking mechanism receiving hole. The locking drive rod is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the locking drive rod is fixedly connected to one end of the locking mechanism receiving hole near the axis of the core drill rod support ring. The inner end of the locking drive rod is fixedly connected to the locking top pressure column.

[0022] Note: Multiple sealing baffles in the drill pipe sealing mechanism form an inverted cone-shaped shell that isolates the main drill pipe from the inside, preventing debris from entering the main drill pipe during drilling.

[0023] Preferably, the method of using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers, as described above, includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe to drill, and use the drill bit to drive the main drill pipe to drill into the seabed rock formation until the lower end of the main drill pipe reaches the sampling position, at which point the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe. During the drilling process, in the initial state, multiple sealing baffles in the drill pipe sealing mechanism form an inverted cone-shaped shell that isolates the inside of the main drill pipe. When the lower end of the main drill pipe reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealed drive rod retracts, causing the sealed drive sliding ring to move upward. The sealed drive sliding ring causes the sealed drive ring to move upward, and the sealed drive ring causes each sealed baffle to move upward, so that each sealed baffle retracts back into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove. At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring are connected. S2. Use a hydrostatic drive mechanism to drive the coring drill rod for sampling; In the initial state, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod extends out, driving the first migration support column to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod extends out, driving the second migration support column to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe, thereby making the entire lower migration support ring, the upper migration support ring and the hydrostatic drive support ring relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe. The drive connecting column of the drive connection mechanism is inserted into the drive connection mating hole. The drive rotating column is driven by the servo motor to rotate. The drive rotating column drives the locking connecting column to move along the connecting column receiving hole, so that the locking connecting column is locked in the locking connecting column mating hole, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the vibration drive ring and the core drill rod support ring. The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod extends, causing the hydrostatic drive cylinder to move downward. The hydrostatic drive cylinder causes the core drill rod support ring, along with the core drill rod support column and the core drill rod, to move downward along the axis of the main drill rod. The core drill pipe extends from the lower end of the main drill pipe and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill pipe. Furthermore, the servo motor drives the core drill rod drive ring to rotate, and the core drill rod drive rotates around the axis of the main drill rod. The core drill rod drive ring drives the core drill rod to rotate together. During the process of inserting the core drill rod into the geological layer to be sampled, the core drill rod also rotates around the axis of the main drill rod, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod. S3. Use the impact drive mechanism to drive the coring drill rod for sampling; The impact drive hammer, driven by a linear motor structure, reciprocates along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole, causing the impact drive hammer to continuously impact the impact drive mating ring. This results in the entire impact drive ring generating an impact force downward along the axis of the main drill rod. The impact drive ring, through the core drill rod support ring and the core drill rod support column, drives the core drill rod to continuously impact and penetrate deep into the geological layer to be sampled, thus drilling the geological sample into the core drill rod. S4. Use a vibration drive mechanism to drive the coring drill rod for sampling; The vibration module generates high-frequency vibrations of 2kHz to 25kHz. The vibration direction of the vibration module is parallel to the axis of the main drill pipe. The vibration is transmitted to the vibration drive ring through the vibration drive support plate, the upper connecting telescopic rod and the lower connecting telescopic rod, so that the vibration drive ring generates vibration impact along the axis of the main drill pipe. The vibration drive ring drives the coring drill rod to impact and penetrate deep into the geological layer to be sampled through the coring drill rod support ring and the coring drill rod support column, and drills the geological sample into the inside of the coring drill rod; Furthermore, by adjusting the top pressure between the upper and lower connecting telescopic rods and the vibration drive support plate, the connection stiffness between the vibration drive support plate and the vibration drive ring is adjusted, thereby changing the transmission effect of high-frequency vibration to cope with rock strata sampling in various geological environments. S5. When it is necessary to use an auxiliary sampling drill pipe for sampling; First, the inner rod of the locking drive rod extends and drives the locking top pressure column to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe, so that the core drill pipe support ring, the core drill pipe support column and the core drill pipe are relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe; The servo motor drives the rotating column to rotate, so that the deepest part of the locking connecting column mating groove is aligned with the extension direction of the connecting column receiving hole. Under the drive of the return spring, the locking connecting column retracts into the locking connecting column mating groove, so that the driving connecting column can be pulled out from the driving connecting mating hole. The migration and crawling mechanism is used to drive the entire hydrostatic drive mechanism, impact drive mechanism, and vibration drive mechanism to move along the axis of the main drill pipe. The inner rod of the first migration drive rod extends out, driving the first migration support column to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe, so that the lower migration support ring is relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe. The inner rod of the migration drive telescopic rod extends out, causing the upper migration support ring to move upward relative to the lower migration support ring. Then the inner rod of the second migration drive rod extends out, driving the second migration support column to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe, thereby making the upper migration support ring relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe. Then the inner rod of the first migration drive rod retracts, causing the first migration support column to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe. Finally, the inner rod of the migration drive telescopic rod retracts, causing the lower migration support ring to move upward relative to the upper migration support ring. The lower migration support ring causes the entire hydrostatic drive mechanism, impact drive mechanism, and vibration drive mechanism to move upward along the axis of the main drill pipe. Repeat this operation until the lower end of the vibration drive ring is higher than the position of the power transfer mechanism; S6. The tilting drive rod drives the power transfer support plate to deflect, so that the power transfer support plate is in a horizontal state. At this time, the lower side of the power transfer support plate presses against the upper end of the auxiliary support ring of the support plate. The migration crawling mechanism drives the entire static pressure drive mechanism, impact drive mechanism, and vibration drive mechanism to move down along the axis of the main drill pipe, so that the drive connecting column is inserted into the power transfer connection hole. The servo motor drives the drive rotating column to rotate, and the drive rotating column drives the locking connecting column to move along the connecting column receiving hole, so that the locking connecting column is locked in the power transfer locking hole. S7. Then the hydrostatic drive mechanism can be used to drive the auxiliary sampling drill rod for sampling. The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod extends and moves the hydrostatic drive cylinder downward. The hydrostatic drive cylinder moves the sampling drill rod drive column together with the sampling drill rod support column and the auxiliary sampling drill rod downward along the axis of the main drill rod. The auxiliary sampling drill pipe extends from the lower end of the main drill pipe and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, and the geological sample is drilled into the auxiliary sampling drill pipe. S8. An impact drive mechanism can also be used to drive the auxiliary sampling drill rod for sampling. The impact drive hammer, driven by a linear motor structure, reciprocates along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole, causing the impact drive hammer to continuously impact the impact drive mating ring. This results in the entire impact drive ring generating an impact force downward along the axis of the main drill pipe. The impact drive ring, through the sampling drill pipe drive column and the sampling drill pipe support column, drives the auxiliary sampling drill pipe to continuously impact and penetrate into the geological layer to be sampled, thus drilling the geological sample into the interior of the auxiliary sampling drill pipe. S9. A vibration drive mechanism can also be used to drive the auxiliary sampling drill rod for sampling. The vibration module generates high-frequency vibrations of 2kHz to 25kHz. The vibration direction of the vibration module is parallel to the axis of the main drill pipe. The vibration is transmitted to the vibration drive ring through the vibration drive support plate, the upper connecting telescopic rod and the lower connecting telescopic rod, so that the vibration drive ring generates vibration impact along the axis of the main drill pipe. The vibration drive ring drives the auxiliary sampling drill rod to penetrate deep into the geological layer to be sampled through the sampling drill rod drive column and the sampling drill rod support column, and drills the geological sample into the auxiliary sampling drill rod. Meanwhile, the auger drill rod is driven by a servo motor to rotate. As the auxiliary sampling drill rod penetrates into the geological layer to be sampled, the rotating conveying action of the auger drill rod is used to help drill the sample into the auxiliary sampling drill rod. The top of the sampling drill pipe drive column is suspended by a steel wire rope to prevent the entire auxiliary sampling mechanism from slipping along the axis of the main drill pipe under the action of gravity.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The coring device in this invention adopts a composite driving mode of hydrostatic drive, rotary drive, impact drive and high frequency vibration to drive the coring drill rod to perform sampling work on marine geological samples. It can cope with various marine geological conditions in complex environments to perform sampling work and improve the adaptability of the coring device to various complex strata. 2. The coring drill rod and the auxiliary sampling drill rod of the present invention share a set of drive mechanisms. The migration and crawling mechanism drives the entire hydrostatic drive mechanism, impact drive mechanism and vibration drive mechanism to move along the axis of the main drill rod. The drive connection mechanism facilitates the replacement of the connection mode, so as to determine whether to use the coring drill rod or the auxiliary sampling drill rod for sampling work according to the actual marine geological environment. 3. In the vibration drive mechanism of the present invention, the connection stiffness between the vibration drive support plate and the vibration drive ring can be adjusted by adjusting the top pressure between the upper connecting telescopic rod and the lower connecting telescopic rod and the vibration drive support plate, thereby changing the transmission effect of high-frequency vibration to cope with rock strata sampling in various geological environments. 4. In this invention, the multiple sealing baffles of the drill pipe sealing mechanism form an inverted conical shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe, preventing foreign objects from entering the main drill pipe during drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe sealing mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Partial view A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring locking mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the core drilling rod in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrostatic drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the impact drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary sampling mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating sampling mechanism in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the power transfer mechanism in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the migration crawling mechanism in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the drive connection mechanism in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving connecting column in this invention; Figure 15 yes Figure 14 Top view.

[0026] In the diagram, 11-main drill rod, 12-drill bit, 13-drill rod sealing mechanism, 131-sealing mechanism support ring, 132-sealing mechanism receiving ring groove, 133-sealing drive ring, 134-sealing drive fixing ring, 135-sealing drive sliding ring, 136-sealing drive rod, 137-sealing baffle, 14-support ring locking mechanism, 141-locking mechanism receiving hole, 142-locking top pressure column, 143-locking drive rod, 20-coring mechanism, 21-coring drill rod, 211-coring drill rod support ring, 212-coring drill rod support column, 213-drill rod support column through hole, 30-coring drive mechanism, 31-hydrostatic drive mechanism, 311-hydrostatic drive support ring, 312-hydrostatic drive receiving hole, 313-hydrostatic drive cylinder 314-Static pressure driven telescopic rod, 32-Impact drive mechanism, 321-Impact drive ring, 322-Impact drive receiving hole, 323-Impact drive support plate, 324-Impact drive rod, 325-Impact drive counterweight, 326-Impact drive mating ring, 33-Vibration drive mechanism, 330-Vibration module, 331-Vibration drive ring, 332-Vibration drive receiving ring groove, 333-Vibration drive support plate, 334-Upper connecting telescopic rod, 335-Lower connecting telescopic rod, 40-Auxiliary sampling mechanism, 41-Auxiliary sampling drill rod, 410-Auxiliary sampling mating hole, 411-Auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder, 412-Sampling drill rod support column, 42-Rotational sampling mechanism, 421-Rotational sampling receiving ring groove, 422 - Auxiliary sampling drive ring, 43- Sampling drill rod drive column, 44- Power transfer mechanism, 441- Power transfer receiving groove, 442- Power transfer support plate, 443- Transfer support plate drive hole, 444- Tilting drive rod, 445- Power transfer connection hole, 446- Power transfer locking hole, 447- Support plate auxiliary support ring, 49- Spiral sampling mechanism, 491- Spiral drill rod, 492- Spiral drill rod drive housing, 493- Spiral drill rod mating hole, 50- Migration crawling mechanism, 51- Lower migration support ring, 511- Migration fixing hole, 512- Migration sliding support cylinder, 52- Upper migration support ring, 521- Migration sliding hole, 53- Migration drive telescopic rod, 541- First migration support hole, 542- First 543 - First migration drive rod; 551 - Second migration support hole; 552 - Second migration support column; 553 - Second migration drive rod; 91 - Rotary drive mechanism; 911 - Rotary drive support ring; 912 - Rotary receiving ring groove; 913 - Core drill rod drive ring; 92 - Drive connection mechanism; 921 - Drive connection ring; 922 - Drive connection receiving hole; 923 - Drive connection column; 924 - Rotary column mating hole; 925 - Driven rotating column; 926 - Connecting column receiving hole; 927 - Locking connecting column; 928 - Locking connecting column mating groove; 929 - Drive connection mating hole; 920 - Locking connecting column mating hole; 931 - Reset receiving groove; 932 - Reset drive block; 933 - Reset spring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1-15 The present invention will be described in detail. For ease of description, the orientations mentioned below are defined as follows: The directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back mentioned below are consistent with the directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back in the projection relationship of the respective main view or structural schematic diagram.

[0028] Example 1: A downhole multi-mode coring device and method suitable for complex geological formations, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main drill pipe 11, a core sampling mechanism 20 disposed within the main drill pipe 11, and a core sampling drive mechanism 30; The main drill rod 11 is a hollow drill rod, and the drill bit 12 is fixed at the lower end of the main drill rod 11; The core sampling mechanism 20 includes a core sampling drill rod 21 disposed inside the main drill rod 11. The core sampling drill rod 21 is a hollow drill rod and is coaxially arranged with the main drill rod 11. like Figure 5 As shown, a core drill rod support ring 211 is slidably fitted inside the main drill rod 11, and a core drill rod support column 212 is fixedly installed inside the core drill rod support ring 211. The core drill rod 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the core drill rod support column 212. like Figure 6 As shown, the core driving mechanism 30 includes a hydrostatic driving mechanism 31 disposed in the main drill rod 11. The hydrostatic driving mechanism 31 includes a hydrostatic driving support ring 311. The lower end of the hydrostatic driving support ring 311 has a plurality of downward-facing hydrostatic driving receiving holes 312. A hydrostatic driving cylinder 313 with an upward-facing opening is slidably fitted inside the hydrostatic driving receiving holes 312. A hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 is provided inside the hydrostatic drive receiving hole 312. The hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 is a hydraulic drive rod. The axis of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 is parallel to the axis of the hydrostatic drive support ring 311. The outer rod end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 is fixedly connected to the top inside the hydrostatic drive receiving hole 312, and the inner rod end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 is fixedly connected to the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313. The lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the core drill rod support ring 211.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper end of the core drill rod 21 is connected to the lower end of the core drill rod support 212 via a rotary drive mechanism 91. The rotary drive mechanism 91 includes a rotary drive support ring 911 fixed to the lower end of the core drill rod support 212. The lower end of the rotary drive support ring 911 has an annular and downward-facing rotary receiving groove 912. A core drill rod drive ring 913 is rotatably fitted inside the rotary receiving groove 912. The upper end of the core drill rod 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the core drill rod drive ring 913. The rotating receiving annular groove 912 contains a servo motor for driving the core drill rod drive ring 913 to rotate.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, the core driving mechanism 30 also includes an impact driving mechanism 32 connected between the hydrostatic driving mechanism 31 and the core drill rod support ring 211. The impact driving mechanism 32 includes an impact driving ring 321. The impact driving ring 321 has a plurality of impact driving receiving holes 322 extending in a direction parallel to its axis. An impact driving support plate 323 is fixedly installed in the impact driving receiving hole 322. An impact driving rod 324 is fixedly installed between the lower side of the impact driving support plate 323 and the bottom of the impact driving receiving hole 322. The impact driving rod 324 and the impact driving receiving hole 322 are coaxially arranged. An impact driving hammer 325 is slidably fitted in the impact driving receiving hole 322. The impact driving hammer 325 has a ring structure and surrounds the outside of the impact driving rod 324. An impact drive fitting ring 326 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the impact drive receiving hole 322; The impact drive hammer 325 is driven by a linear motor structure to move along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole 322. The stator of the linear motor structure is located on the outside of the impact drive rod 324, and the mover of the linear motor structure is located on the inside of the impact drive hammer 325. The lower end of the impact drive ring 321 is fixedly connected to the core drill rod support ring 211, and the upper end of the impact drive ring 321 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313.

[0031] like Figure 8 As shown, the core extraction drive mechanism 30 also includes a vibration drive mechanism 33 connected between the hydrostatic drive mechanism 31 and the impact drive mechanism 32. The vibration drive mechanism 33 includes a vibration drive ring 331. The vibration drive ring 331 has an annular hollow vibration drive receiving ring groove 332. An annular vibration drive support plate 333 is provided in the vibration drive receiving ring groove 332. The upper side of the vibration drive support plate 333 is connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving ring groove 332 through multiple upper connecting telescopic rods 334. The lower side of the vibration drive support plate 333 is connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving ring groove 332 through multiple lower connecting telescopic rods 335. Multiple vibration modules 330 are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower sides of the vibration drive support plate 333. Both the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 and the lower connecting telescopic rod 335 are telescopic cylinders. The outer rod end of the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving annular groove 332, and the inner rod end of the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the vibration drive support plate 333. The outer end of the lower connecting telescopic rod 335 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving annular groove 332, and the inner end of the lower connecting telescopic rod 335 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the vibration drive support plate 333. The axes of the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 and the lower connecting telescopic rod 335 are both arranged parallel to the axis of the vibration drive ring 331. The lower end of the vibration drive ring 331 is fixedly connected to the impact drive ring 321, and the upper end of the vibration drive ring 331 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313.

[0032] like Figure 13 As shown, the lower end of the impact drive ring 321 is connected to the core drill rod support ring 211 through the drive connection mechanism 92. The drive connection mechanism 92 includes a drive connection ring 921. The lower end of the drive connection ring 921 has a plurality of downward-facing drive connection receiving holes 922. A drive connection post 923 is fixedly installed in the drive connection receiving hole 922. The top of the drive connection post 923 has an upward-facing rotating post mating hole 924. A drive rotating post 925 is rotatably mated in the rotating post mating hole 924. The drive connecting post 923 has a connecting post receiving hole 926 extending radially on its side. The connecting post receiving hole 926 is connected to the rotating post mating hole 924. A locking connecting post 927 is slidably fitted inside the connecting post receiving hole 926. The outer side of the drive rotating post 925 has a plurality of locking connecting post mating grooves 928 extending circumferentially on its side. The depth of the locking connecting post mating grooves 928 along the circumferential direction of the locking connecting post 927 is a gradually changing structure. like Figure 14 As shown, the lower side of the connecting post receiving hole 926 has a reset receiving groove 931. The reset receiving groove 931 extends radially along the driving connecting post 923. A reset driving block 932 is fixedly provided on the lower side of the locking connecting post 927. The reset driving block 932 is placed inside the reset receiving groove 931. A locking reset spring 933 is provided between the side of the reset driving block 932 away from the axis of the driving connecting post 923 and the end of the reset receiving groove 931 away from the axis of the driving connecting post 923. The upper end of the core drill rod support ring 211 has multiple upward-facing drive connection mating holes 929, and the inner side wall of the drive connection mating holes 929 has multiple locking connection pin mating holes 920, which extend radially along the drive connection mating holes 929. The drive connecting post 923 is inserted into the drive connecting mating hole 929, and the locking connecting post 927 is engaged in the locking connecting post mating hole 920.

[0033] like Figure 9As shown, the main drill rod 11 is provided with an auxiliary sampling mechanism 40. The auxiliary sampling mechanism 40 includes an auxiliary sampling drill rod 41. The core drill rod support 212 has an auxiliary sampling mating hole 410 that runs through its axis. An auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder 411 is fixedly provided at the top of the core drill rod support 212. The auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder 411 and the core drill rod support 212 are arranged coaxially. A sampling drill rod support column 412 is slidably fitted inside the auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder 411. The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 is connected to the lower end of the sampling drill rod support column 412 via a rotary sampling mechanism 42. The lower end of the sampling drill rod support column 412 has an annular rotary sampling receiving groove 421 with its opening facing downward. The rotary sampling mechanism 42 includes an auxiliary sampling drive ring 422 that is rotatably connected in the rotary sampling receiving groove 421. The rotary sampling receiving groove 421 has a servo motor for driving the auxiliary sampling drive ring 422 to rotate. The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the auxiliary sampling drive ring 422. A sampling drill rod drive column 43 is fixedly provided at the top of the sampling drill rod support column 412; like Figure 11 As shown, a power transfer mechanism 44 is provided on the sampling drill rod drive column 43. Multiple power transfer receiving slots 441 are arranged along the axial direction on the outer side of the sampling drill rod drive column 43. The power transfer receiving slots 441 extend along the axis parallel to the sampling drill rod drive column 43. The power transfer mechanism 44 includes a power transfer support plate 442 connected in the power transfer receiving slot 441. The lower end of the power transfer support plate 442 is connected to the bottom of the power transfer receiving slot 441 through a fixed hinge. The power transfer receiving groove 441 has a transfer support plate drive hole 443 on one side near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column 43. The transfer support plate drive hole 443 is provided with a tilting drive rod 444. The tilting drive rod 444 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the tilting drive rod 444 is connected to the end of the transfer support plate drive hole 443 near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column 43 through a fixed hinge. The inner rod end of the tilting drive rod 444 is connected to the power transfer support plate 442 through a fixed hinge. The power adapter support plate 442 has a power adapter connection hole 445, and the inner wall of the power adapter connection hole 445 has a plurality of power adapter locking holes 446, which extend radially along the power adapter connection hole 445. A support plate and auxiliary support ring 447 are fixedly provided on the outside of the sampling drill rod drive column 43. The support plate and auxiliary support ring 447 are located below the power transfer receiving groove 441.

[0034] like Figure 10As shown, the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 is provided with a spiral sampling mechanism 49. The spiral sampling mechanism 49 includes a spiral drill rod 491 disposed in the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41. A spiral drill rod drive housing 492 is fixedly disposed on the top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41. The top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 has a spiral drill rod mating hole 493 that passes through its axis. The rotating shaft of the spiral drill rod 491 is rotatably connected to the spiral drill rod mating hole 493. The upper end of the auger drill rod mating hole 493 is connected to the inside of the auger drill rod drive housing 492. The upper end of the rotating shaft of the auger drill rod 491 extends into the inside of the auger drill rod drive housing 492. The auger drill rod drive housing 492 has a servo motor for driving the rotation of the auger drill rod 491.

[0035] like Figure 12 As shown, the upper end of the hydrostatic drive support ring 311 is provided with a migration crawling mechanism 50. The migration crawling mechanism 50 includes a lower migration support ring 51 and an upper migration support ring 52 arranged coaxially. The top of the lower migration support ring 51 has a plurality of upward-facing migration fixing holes 511, and the lower end of the upper migration support ring 52 has a plurality of downward-facing migration sliding holes 521. An upward-facing migration sliding support cylinder 512 is fixedly installed in the migration fixing hole 511. The plurality of migration sliding support cylinders 512 are slidably connected in each migration sliding hole 521 in a one-to-one manner. The migration sliding hole 521 is provided with a migration drive telescopic rod 53, which is a hydraulic drive rod. The outer rod end of the migration drive telescopic rod 53 is fixedly connected to the top of the migration sliding hole 521, and the inner rod end of the migration drive telescopic rod 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the migration sliding support cylinder 512. The outer side of the lower migration support ring 51 has a plurality of first migration support holes 541. The first migration support holes 541 extend radially along the lower migration support ring 51. A first migration support post 542 is slidably fitted inside the first migration support hole 541. A first migration drive rod 543 is provided inside the first migration support hole 541. The first migration drive rod 543 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the first migration drive rod 543 is fixedly connected to one end of the first migration support hole 541 near the axis of the lower migration support ring 51. The inner end of the first migration drive rod 543 is fixedly connected to the first migration support post 542. The outer side of the upper migration support ring 52 has a plurality of second migration support holes 551. The second migration support holes 551 extend radially along the upper migration support ring 52. A second migration support column 552 is slidably fitted inside the second migration support hole 551. A second migration drive rod 553 is provided inside the second migration support hole 551. The second migration drive rod 553 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer end of the second migration drive rod 553 is fixedly connected to one end of the second migration support hole 551 near the axis of the upper migration support ring 52. The inner end of the second migration drive rod 553 is fixedly connected to the second migration support column 552.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, a drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 is provided inside the lower end of the main drill pipe 11. The drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 includes a sealing mechanism support ring 131 fixed inside the main drill pipe 11. The sealing mechanism support ring 131 is coaxially arranged with the main drill pipe 11. The inner side of the sealing mechanism support ring 131 has an annular sealing mechanism receiving groove 132. A sealing drive ring 133 is slidably fitted inside the sealing mechanism receiving groove 132. The sealing drive ring 133 is coaxially arranged with the sealing mechanism support ring 131. like Figure 3 As shown, a sealing drive fixing ring 134 is fixedly provided at the top of the sealing mechanism receiving annular groove 132. The sealing drive fixing ring 134 is a hollow structure with the opening facing downward. A sealing drive sliding ring 135 is slidably provided inside the sealing drive fixing ring 134. The sealing drive sliding ring 135 is a hollow structure with the opening facing upward. A sealing drive rod 136 is provided inside the sealing drive fixing ring 134. The sealing drive rod 136 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the sealing drive rod 136 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing drive fixing ring 134. The inner rod end of the sealing drive rod 136 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing drive sliding ring 135. The top of the sealed drive ring 133 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sealed drive sliding ring 135, and the lower end of the sealed drive ring 133 is connected to multiple sealed baffles 137 through a fixed hinge. The lower edge of the sealing mechanism containing the annular groove 132 has an inverted conical surface structure. like Figure 4 As shown, the outer side of the core drill rod support ring 211 has a support ring locking mechanism 14. The outer side of the core drill rod support ring 211 has multiple locking mechanism receiving holes 141. The locking mechanism receiving holes 141 extend radially along the core drill rod support ring 211. The support ring locking mechanism 14 includes a locking top pressure column 142 that slides in the locking mechanism receiving hole 141. A locking drive rod 143 is provided in the locking mechanism receiving hole 141. The locking drive rod 143 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the locking drive rod 143 is fixedly connected to one end of the locking mechanism receiving hole 141 near the axis of the core drill rod support ring 211. The inner rod end of the locking drive rod 143 is fixedly connected to the locking top pressure column 142.

[0037] Example 2: A method for using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers, as described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe 11 to drill, and use drill bit 12 to drive the main drill pipe 11 to drill into the seabed rock formation until the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, and then the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe 11. During the drilling process, in the initial state, the multiple sealing baffles 137 in the drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 form an inverted conical shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe 11. When the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealing drive rod 136 retracts, causing the sealing drive sliding ring 135 to move upward. The sealing drive sliding ring 135 causes the sealing drive ring 133 to move upward, and the sealing drive ring 133 causes each sealing baffle 137 to move upward, so that each sealing baffle 137 retracts into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove 132. At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring 131 are connected. S2. Use the hydrostatic drive mechanism 31 to drive the core drill rod 21 to take samples; In the initial state, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 extends out, driving the first migration support column 542 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 extends out, driving the second migration support column 552 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby making the entire lower migration support ring 51, the upper migration support ring 52 and the hydrostatic drive support ring 311 relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe 11; The drive connecting post 923 of the drive connecting mechanism 92 is inserted into the drive connecting mating hole 929. The drive rotating post 925 is driven to rotate by the servo motor. The drive rotating post 925 drives the locking connecting post 927 to move along the connecting post receiving hole 926, so that the locking connecting post 927 is engaged in the locking connecting post mating hole 920, so as to achieve a fixed connection between the vibration drive ring 331 and the core drill rod support ring 211. The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 extends out, causing the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 to move downward. The hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 causes the core drill rod support ring 211, together with the core drill rod support column 212 and the core drill rod 21, to move downward along the axis of the main drill rod 11. The core drill rod 21 extends from the lower end of the main drill rod 11 and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, so that the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod 21.

[0038] Example 3: A method for using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers, as described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe 11 to drill, and use drill bit 12 to drive the main drill pipe 11 to drill into the seabed rock formation until the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, and then the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe 11. During the drilling process, in the initial state, the multiple sealing baffles 137 in the drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 form an inverted conical shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe 11. When the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealing drive rod 136 retracts, causing the sealing drive sliding ring 135 to move upward. The sealing drive sliding ring 135 causes the sealing drive ring 133 to move upward, and the sealing drive ring 133 causes each sealing baffle 137 to move upward, so that each sealing baffle 137 retracts into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove 132. At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring 131 are connected. S2. Use the hydrostatic drive mechanism 31 to drive the core drill rod 21 to take samples; In the initial state, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 extends out, driving the first migration support column 542 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 extends out, driving the second migration support column 552 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby making the entire lower migration support ring 51, the upper migration support ring 52 and the hydrostatic drive support ring 311 relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe 11; The drive connecting post 923 of the drive connecting mechanism 92 is inserted into the drive connecting mating hole 929. The drive rotating post 925 is driven to rotate by the servo motor. The drive rotating post 925 drives the locking connecting post 927 to move along the connecting post receiving hole 926, so that the locking connecting post 927 is engaged in the locking connecting post mating hole 920, so as to achieve a fixed connection between the vibration drive ring 331 and the core drill rod support ring 211. The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 extends out, causing the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 to move downward. The hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 causes the core drill rod support ring 211, together with the core drill rod support column 212 and the core drill rod 21, to move downward along the axis of the main drill rod 11. The core drill rod 21 extends from the lower end of the main drill rod 11 and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod 21. The servo motor drives the core drill rod drive ring 913 to rotate. The core drill rod drive ring 913 rotates around the axis of the main drill rod 11. The core drill rod drive ring 913 drives the core drill rod 21 to rotate together. During the process of inserting the core drill rod 21 into the geological layer to be sampled, the core drill rod 21 also rotates around the axis of the main drill rod 11, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod 21.

[0039] Example 4: A method for using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers, as described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe 11 to drill, and use drill bit 12 to drive the main drill pipe 11 to drill into the seabed rock formation until the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, and then the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe 11. During the drilling process, in the initial state, the multiple sealing baffles 137 in the drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 form an inverted conical shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe 11. When the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealing drive rod 136 retracts, causing the sealing drive sliding ring 135 to move upward. The sealing drive sliding ring 135 causes the sealing drive ring 133 to move upward, and the sealing drive ring 133 causes each sealing baffle 137 to move upward, so that each sealing baffle 137 retracts into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove 132. At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring 131 are connected. S2. Use the impact drive mechanism 32 to drive the core drill rod 21 to take samples; The impact drive hammer 325, driven by a linear motor structure, reciprocates along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole 322, causing the impact drive hammer 325 to continuously impact the impact drive mating ring 326. This causes the entire impact drive ring 321 to generate an impact force downward along the axis of the main drill rod 11. The impact drive ring 321, through the core drill rod support ring 211 and the core drill rod support column 212, drives the core drill rod 21 to continuously impact and penetrate into the geological layer to be sampled, thus drilling the geological sample into the core drill rod 21. During this process, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 retracts, causing the first migration support column 542 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 retracts, causing the second migration support column 552 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby causing the entire lower migration support ring 51 and upper migration support ring 52 to disengage from the main drill pipe 11 and become relatively fixed.

[0040] Example 5: A method for using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers, as described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe 11 to drill, and use drill bit 12 to drive the main drill pipe 11 to drill into the seabed rock formation until the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, and then the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe 11. During the drilling process, in the initial state, the multiple sealing baffles 137 in the drill pipe sealing mechanism 13 form an inverted conical shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe 11. When the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealing drive rod 136 retracts, causing the sealing drive sliding ring 135 to move upward. The sealing drive sliding ring 135 causes the sealing drive ring 133 to move upward, and the sealing drive ring 133 causes each sealing baffle 137 to move upward, so that each sealing baffle 137 retracts into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove 132. At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring 131 are connected. S2. Use the vibration drive mechanism 33 to drive the core drill rod 21 to take samples; The vibration module 330 generates a high-frequency vibration of 25kHz. The vibration direction of the vibration module 330 is parallel to the axis of the main drill pipe 11. The vibration module 330 is existing technology. The vibration is transmitted to the vibration drive ring 331 through the vibration drive support plate 333, the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 and the lower connecting telescopic rod 335, so that the vibration drive ring 331 generates vibration impact along the axis of the main drill pipe 11. The vibration drive ring 331 drives the coring drill rod 21 to impact and penetrate into the geological layer to be sampled through the coring drill rod support ring 211 and the coring drill rod support column 212, and drills the geological sample into the inside of the coring drill rod 21. Furthermore, by adjusting the top pressure between the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 and the lower connecting telescopic rod 335 and the vibration drive support plate 333, the connection stiffness between the vibration drive support plate 333 and the vibration drive ring 331 is adjusted, thereby changing the transmission effect of high-frequency vibration to cope with rock strata sampling in various geological environments. During this process, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 retracts, causing the first migration support column 542 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 retracts, causing the second migration support column 552 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby causing the entire lower migration support ring 51 and upper migration support ring 52 to disengage from the main drill pipe 11 and become relatively fixed.

[0041] Example 6: The difference from Example 5 is that a high-frequency vibration of 2kHz is generated by the vibration module 330.

[0042] Example 7: The difference from Example 5 is that a high-frequency vibration of 15 kHz is generated by the vibration module 330.

[0043] Example 8: The difference from Example 2 is that when the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 is required for sampling; S1. First, the inner rod of the locking drive rod 143 extends and drives the locking top pressure column 142 to press against the inner side wall of the main drill rod 11, so that the core drill rod support ring 211, the core drill rod support column 212 and the core drill rod 21 are relatively fixed inside the main drill rod 11. The servo motor drives the rotating column 925 to rotate, so that the deepest part of the locking connecting column mating groove 928 is aligned with the extension direction of the connecting column receiving hole 926. Under the drive of the return spring 933, the locking connecting column 927 retracts into the locking connecting column mating groove 928, so that the driving connecting column 923 can be pulled out from the driving connecting mating hole 929. The migration crawling mechanism 50 drives the entire static pressure drive mechanism 31, impact drive mechanism 32, and vibration drive mechanism 33 to move along the axis of the main drill pipe 11. The inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 extends out, driving the first migration support column 542 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, so that the lower migration support ring 51 is relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe 11. The inner rod of the migration drive telescopic rod 53 extends out, causing the upper migration support ring 52 to move upward relative to the lower migration support ring 51. Then the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 extends out, driving the second migration support column 552 to press against the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby making the upper migration support ring 52 relatively fixed inside the main drill pipe 11. Then the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 retracts, causing the first migration support column 542 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11. Finally, the inner rod of the migration drive telescopic rod 53 retracts, causing the lower migration support ring 51 to move upward relative to the upper migration support ring 52. The lower migration support ring 51 causes the entire hydrostatic drive mechanism 31, impact drive mechanism 32 and vibration drive mechanism 33 to move upward along the axis of the main drill pipe 11. Repeat this operation until the lower end of the vibration drive ring 331 is higher than the position of the power transfer mechanism 44; S2. The tilting drive rod 444 drives the power transfer support plate 442 to deflect, so that the power transfer support plate 442 is in a horizontal state. At this time, the lower side of the power transfer support plate 442 presses against the upper end of the auxiliary support ring 447 of the support plate. The migration crawling mechanism 50 drives the entire static pressure drive mechanism 31, impact drive mechanism 32 and vibration drive mechanism 33 to move down along the axis of the main drill rod 11, so that the drive connecting column 923 is inserted into the power transfer connection hole 445. The servo motor drives the drive rotating column 925 to rotate, and the drive rotating column 925 drives the locking connecting column 927 to move along the connecting column receiving hole 926, so that the locking connecting column 927 is locked in the power transfer locking hole 446. S3. Then the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 can be driven by the hydrostatic drive mechanism 31 to take samples. The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod 314 extends out, causing the hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 to move downward. The hydrostatic drive cylinder 313 causes the sampling drill rod drive column 43, together with the sampling drill rod support column 412 and the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41, to move downward along the axis of the main drill rod 11. The auxiliary sampling drill pipe 41 extends from the lower end of the main drill pipe 11 and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, so that the geological sample is drilled into the auxiliary sampling drill pipe 41.

[0044] Example 9: The difference from Example 8 is that in step S3, the impact drive mechanism 32 is used to drive the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 to perform sampling; The impact drive hammer 325, driven by a linear motor structure, reciprocates along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole 322, causing the impact drive hammer 325 to continuously impact the impact drive mating ring 326. This causes the entire impact drive ring 321 to generate an impact force downward along the axis of the main drill rod 11. The impact drive ring 321 drives the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 to continuously impact and penetrate into the geological layer to be sampled through the sampling drill rod drive column 43 and the sampling drill rod support column 412, thus drilling the geological sample into the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41. During this process, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 retracts, causing the first migration support column 542 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 retracts, causing the second migration support column 552 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby causing the entire lower migration support ring 51 and upper migration support ring 52 to disengage from the main drill pipe 11 and become relatively fixed.

[0045] Example 10: The difference from Example 8 is that in step S3, the vibration drive mechanism 33 is used to drive the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 to perform sampling; The vibration module 330 generates a high-frequency vibration of 25kHz. The vibration direction of the vibration module 330 is parallel to the axis of the main drill pipe 11. The vibration module 330 is existing technology. The vibration is transmitted to the vibration drive ring 331 through the vibration drive support plate 333, the upper connecting telescopic rod 334 and the lower connecting telescopic rod 335, so that the vibration drive ring 331 generates vibration impact along the axis of the main drill pipe 11. The vibration drive ring 331 drives the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 to penetrate deep into the geological layer to be sampled through the sampling drill rod drive column 43 and the sampling drill rod support column 412, and drills the geological sample into the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41. During this process, the inner rod of the first migration drive rod 543 retracts, causing the first migration support column 542 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, and the inner rod of the second migration drive rod 553 retracts, causing the second migration support column 552 to disengage from the inner wall of the main drill pipe 11, thereby causing the entire lower migration support ring 51 and upper migration support ring 52 to disengage from the main drill pipe 11 and become relatively fixed.

[0046] Example 11: The difference from Embodiment 10 is that a high-frequency vibration of 2kHz is generated by the vibration module 330.

[0047] Example 12: The difference from Embodiment 10 is that a high-frequency vibration of 15 kHz is generated by the vibration module 330.

[0048] Example 13: The difference from Example 8 is that the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 extends from the lower end of the main drill rod 11 and is inserted into the geological layer to be sampled. At the same time, the auger drill rod 491 is driven to rotate by the servo motor. During the process of the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 penetrating into the geological layer to be sampled, the sample is assisted in being drilled into the auxiliary sampling drill rod 41 by the rotational conveying action of the auger drill rod 491.

Claims

1. A downhole multi-mode coring tool suitable for complex geological formations, characterized in that, It includes a main drill pipe (11), a core sampling mechanism (20) disposed within the main drill pipe (11), and a core sampling drive mechanism (30). The main drill rod (11) is a hollow drill rod, and a drill bit (12) is fixed at the lower end of the main drill rod (11). The core sampling mechanism (20) includes a core sampling drill rod (21) disposed inside the main drill rod (11). The core sampling drill rod (21) is a hollow drill rod, and the core sampling drill rod (21) is coaxially arranged with the main drill rod (11). The main drill rod (11) is provided with a core drill rod support ring (211) that slides inside. The core drill rod support ring (211) is provided with a core drill rod support column (212) that is fixed inside. The core drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the core drill rod support column (212). The core-taking drive mechanism (30) includes a hydrostatic drive mechanism (31) disposed in the main drill rod (11). The hydrostatic drive mechanism (31) includes a hydrostatic drive support ring (311). The lower end of the hydrostatic drive support ring (311) has a plurality of downward-facing hydrostatic drive receiving holes (312). The hydrostatic drive receiving holes (312) are slidably fitted with upward-facing hydrostatic drive cylinders (313). The hydrostatic drive receiving hole (312) is provided with a hydrostatic drive telescopic rod (314), which is a hydraulic drive rod. The axis of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod (314) is parallel to the axis of the hydrostatic drive support ring (311). The outer rod end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod (314) is fixedly connected to the top of the hydrostatic drive receiving hole (312), and the inner rod end of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod (314) is fixedly connected to the hydrostatic drive cylinder (313). The lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder (313) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the core drill rod support ring (211); The lower end of the main drill rod (11) is provided with a drill rod sealing mechanism (13). The drill rod sealing mechanism (13) includes a sealing mechanism support ring (131) fixed in the main drill rod (11). The sealing mechanism support ring (131) is coaxially arranged with the main drill rod (11). The inner side of the sealing mechanism support ring (131) has an annular sealing mechanism receiving groove (132). A sealing drive ring (133) is slidably fitted in the sealing mechanism receiving groove (132). The sealing drive ring (133) is coaxially arranged with the sealing mechanism support ring (131). A sealing drive fixing ring (134) is fixedly provided at the top of the receiving annular groove (132) of the sealing mechanism. The sealing drive fixing ring (134) is a hollow structure with the opening facing downward. A sealing drive sliding ring (135) is slidably provided inside the sealing drive fixing ring (134). The sealing drive sliding ring (135) is a hollow structure with the opening facing upward. A sealing drive rod (136) is provided inside the sealing drive fixing ring (134). The sealing drive rod (136) is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the sealing drive rod (136) is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing drive fixing ring (134), and the inner rod end of the sealing drive rod (136) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing drive sliding ring (135). The top of the sealed drive ring (133) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sealed drive sliding ring (135), and the lower end of the sealed drive ring (133) is provided with multiple sealed baffles (137) through a fixed hinge. The lower edge of the sealing mechanism receiving annular groove (132) has an inverted conical surface structure.

2. The downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex bottom layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the coring drill rod (21) is connected to the lower end of the coring drill rod support (212) through a rotary drive mechanism (91). The rotary drive mechanism (91) includes a rotary drive support ring (911) fixed to the lower end of the coring drill rod support (212). The lower end of the rotary drive support ring (911) has an annular and downward-facing rotary receiving groove (912). A coring drill rod drive ring (913) is rotatably fitted inside the rotary receiving groove (912). The upper end of the coring drill rod (21) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the coring drill rod drive ring (913). The rotating receiving annular groove (912) contains a servo motor for driving the core drill rod drive ring (913) to rotate.

3. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core-taking drive mechanism (30) further includes an impact drive mechanism (32) connected between the hydrostatic drive mechanism (31) and the core drill rod support ring (211). The impact drive mechanism (32) includes an impact drive ring (321). The impact drive ring (321) has a plurality of impact drive receiving holes (322) extending in a direction parallel to its axis. An impact drive support plate (323) is fixedly provided in the impact drive receiving hole (322). An impact drive rod (324) is fixedly provided between the lower side of the impact drive support plate (323) and the bottom of the impact drive receiving hole (322). The impact drive rod (324) is coaxially arranged with the impact drive receiving hole (322). An impact drive hammer (325) is slidably fitted in the impact drive receiving hole (322). The impact drive hammer (325) has a ring structure and surrounds the outside of the impact drive rod (324). An impact drive fitting ring (326) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the impact drive receiving hole (322); The impact drive hammer (325) is driven by a linear motor structure to move along the axis of the impact drive receiving hole (322). The stator of the linear motor structure is located outside the impact drive rod (324), and the mover of the linear motor structure is located inside the impact drive hammer (325). The lower end of the impact drive ring (321) is fixedly connected to the core drill rod support ring (211), and the upper end of the impact drive ring (321) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder (313).

4. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core extraction drive mechanism (30) further includes a vibration drive mechanism (33) connected between the hydrostatic drive mechanism (31) and the impact drive mechanism (32). The vibration drive mechanism (33) includes a vibration drive ring (331). The vibration drive ring (331) has an annular hollow vibration drive receiving ring groove (332). An annular vibration drive support plate (333) is provided in the vibration drive receiving ring groove (332). The upper side of the vibration drive support plate (333) is connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving ring groove (332) through multiple upper connecting telescopic rods (334). The lower side of the vibration drive support plate (333) is connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving ring groove (332) through multiple lower connecting telescopic rods (335). Multiple vibration modules (330) are fixedly provided on both the upper and lower sides of the vibration drive support plate (333). Both the upper connecting telescopic rod (334) and the lower connecting telescopic rod (335) are telescopic cylinders. The outer rod end of the upper connecting telescopic rod (334) is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration drive receiving ring groove (332), and the inner rod end of the upper connecting telescopic rod (334) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the vibration drive support plate (333). The outer end of the lower connecting telescopic rod (335) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration drive receiving annular groove (332), and the inner end of the lower connecting telescopic rod (335) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the vibration drive support plate (333). The axes of the upper connecting telescopic rod (334) and the lower connecting telescopic rod (335) are both arranged parallel to the axis of the vibration drive ring (331). The lower end of the vibration drive ring (331) is fixedly connected to the impact drive ring (321), and the upper end of the vibration drive ring (331) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hydrostatic drive cylinder (313).

5. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the impact drive ring (321) is connected to the core drill rod support ring (211) through the drive connection mechanism (92). The drive connection mechanism (92) includes a drive connection ring (921). The lower end of the drive connection ring (921) has a plurality of downward-facing drive connection receiving holes (922). A drive connection post (923) is fixedly provided in the drive connection receiving hole (922). The top of the drive connection post (923) has an upward-facing rotating post fitting hole (924). A drive rotating post (925) is rotatably fitted in the rotating post fitting hole (924). The drive connecting post (923) has a connecting post receiving hole (926) extending radially on its side. The connecting post receiving hole (926) is connected to the rotating post mating hole (924). A locking connecting post (927) is slidably fitted inside the connecting post receiving hole (926). The outer side of the drive rotating post (925) has a plurality of locking connecting post mating grooves (928) extending circumferentially on its side. The depth of the locking connecting post mating grooves (928) along the circumferential direction of the locking connecting post (927) is a gradually changing structure. The lower side of the connecting post receiving hole (926) has a reset receiving groove (931), which extends radially along the driving connecting post (923). A reset driving block (932) is fixedly provided on the lower side of the locking connecting post (927). The reset driving block (932) is placed inside the reset receiving groove (931). A locking reset spring (933) is provided between the side of the reset driving block (932) away from the axis of the driving connecting post (923) and the end of the reset receiving groove (931) away from the axis of the driving connecting post (923). The upper end of the core drill rod support ring (211) has a plurality of upward-facing drive connection mating holes (929), and the inner sidewall of the drive connection mating hole (929) has a plurality of locking connection pin mating holes (920), and the locking connection pin mating holes (920) extend radially along the drive connection mating hole (929). The drive connecting post (923) is inserted into the drive connecting mating hole (929), and the locking connecting post (927) is engaged in the locking connecting post mating hole (920).

6. A downhole multi-mode coring tool suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drill rod (11) is provided with an auxiliary sampling mechanism (40), which includes an auxiliary sampling drill rod (41). The core drill rod support (212) has an auxiliary sampling mating hole (410) that runs through its axis. An auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder (411) is fixedly provided at the top of the core drill rod support (212). The auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder (411) is coaxially arranged with the core drill rod support (212). A sampling drill rod support column (412) is slidably fitted inside the auxiliary sampling sliding cylinder (411). The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod (41) is connected to the lower end of the sampling drill rod support column (412) through a rotary sampling mechanism (42). The lower end of the sampling drill rod support column (412) has an annular rotary sampling receiving groove (421) with its opening facing downward. The rotary sampling mechanism (42) includes an auxiliary sampling drive ring (422) that is rotatably connected in the rotary sampling receiving groove (421). The rotary sampling receiving groove (421) has a servo motor for driving the auxiliary sampling drive ring (422) to rotate. The upper end of the auxiliary sampling drill rod (41) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the auxiliary sampling drive ring (422). The top of the sampling drill rod support column (412) is fixedly provided with a sampling drill rod drive column (43). The sampling drill rod drive column (43) is provided with a power transfer mechanism (44). The outer side of the sampling drill rod drive column (43) is provided with a plurality of power transfer receiving grooves (441) arranged along its axial direction. The power transfer receiving grooves (441) extend along an axis parallel to the sampling drill rod drive column (43). The power transfer mechanism (44) includes a power transfer support plate (442) connected in the power transfer receiving groove (441). The lower end of the power transfer support plate (442) is connected to the bottom of the power transfer receiving groove (441) through a fixed hinge. The power transfer receiving groove (441) has a transfer support plate drive hole (443) on one side near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column (43). The transfer support plate drive hole (443) is provided with a tilting drive rod (444). The tilting drive rod (444) is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the tilting drive rod (444) is connected to one end of the transfer support plate drive hole (443) near the axis of the sampling drill rod drive column (43) by a fixed hinge. The inner rod end of the tilting drive rod (444) is connected to the power transfer support plate (442) by a fixed hinge. The power adapter support plate (442) has a power adapter connection hole (445), and the inner sidewall of the power adapter connection hole (445) has a plurality of power adapter locking holes (446), and the power adapter locking holes (446) extend radially along the power adapter connection hole (445). The sampling drill rod drive column (43) is fixedly provided with a support plate auxiliary support ring (447) on the outside, and the support plate auxiliary support ring (447) is located below the power transfer receiving groove (441).

7. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary sampling drill rod (41) is provided with a spiral sampling mechanism (49). The spiral sampling mechanism (49) includes a spiral drill rod (491) disposed in the auxiliary sampling drill rod (41). A spiral drill rod drive housing (492) is fixedly provided on the top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod (41). The top of the auxiliary sampling drill rod (41) has a spiral drill rod mating hole (493) that runs through its axis. The rotating shaft of the spiral drill rod (491) is rotatably connected to the spiral drill rod mating hole (493). The upper end of the auger drill rod mating hole (493) is connected to the interior of the auger drill rod drive housing (492). The upper end of the shaft of the auger drill rod (491) extends into the interior of the auger drill rod drive housing (492). The interior of the auger drill rod drive housing (492) has a servo motor for driving the auger drill rod (491) to rotate.

8. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the hydrostatic drive support ring (311) is provided with a migration crawling mechanism (50). The migration crawling mechanism (50) includes a lower migration support ring (51) and an upper migration support ring (52) arranged coaxially. The lower migration support ring (51) has a plurality of upward-facing migration fixing holes (511) at its top. The lower end of the upper migration support ring (52) has a plurality of downward-facing migration sliding holes (521) at its lower end. An upward-facing migration sliding support cylinder (512) is fixedly installed in the migration fixing hole (511). The plurality of migration sliding support cylinders (512) are slidably connected one-to-one in each of the migration sliding holes (521). The migration sliding hole (521) is provided with a migration drive telescopic rod (53), which is a hydraulic drive rod. The outer rod end of the migration drive telescopic rod (53) is fixedly connected to the top of the migration sliding hole (521), and the inner rod end of the migration drive telescopic rod (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the migration sliding support cylinder (512). The lower end migration support ring (51) has a plurality of first migration support holes (541) on its outer side. The first migration support holes (541) extend radially along the lower end migration support ring (51). A first migration support column (542) is slidably fitted inside the first migration support hole (541). A first migration drive rod (543) is provided inside the first migration support hole (541). The first migration drive rod (543) is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the first migration drive rod (543) is fixedly connected to one end of the first migration support hole (541) near the axis of the lower end migration support ring (51). The inner rod end of the first migration drive rod (543) is fixedly connected to the first migration support column (542). The outer side of the upper migration support ring (52) has a plurality of second migration support holes (551). The second migration support holes (551) extend radially along the upper migration support ring (52). A second migration support column (552) is slidably fitted inside the second migration support hole (551). A second migration drive rod (553) is provided inside the second migration support hole (551). The second migration drive rod (553) is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the second migration drive rod (553) is fixedly connected to one end of the second migration support hole (551) near the axis of the upper migration support ring (52). The inner rod end of the second migration drive rod (553) is fixedly connected to the second migration support column (552).

9. A downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the core drill rod support ring (211) has a support ring locking mechanism (14). The outer side of the core drill rod support ring (211) has multiple locking mechanism receiving holes (141). The locking mechanism receiving holes (141) extend radially along the core drill rod support ring (211). The support ring locking mechanism (14) includes a locking top pressure column (142) that slides in the locking mechanism receiving hole (141). The locking mechanism receiving hole (141) is provided with a locking drive rod (143). The locking drive rod (143) is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the locking drive rod (143) is fixedly connected to one end of the locking mechanism receiving hole (141) near the axis of the core drill rod support ring (211). The inner rod end of the locking drive rod (143) is fixedly connected to the locking top pressure column (142).

10. A method of using a downhole multi-mode coring device suitable for complex geological formations as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use drilling equipment to drive the entire main drill pipe (11) to drill, and use drill bit (12) to drive the main drill pipe (11) to drill into the seabed rock strata until the lower end of the main drill pipe (11) reaches the sampling position, and then the drilling equipment stops driving the main drill pipe (11). During the drilling process, in the initial state, the multiple sealing baffles (137) in the drill pipe sealing mechanism (13) form an inverted cone-shaped shell that blocks the inside of the main drill pipe (11). When the lower end of the main drill pipe (11) reaches the sampling position, the inner rod of the sealing drive rod (136) retracts, causing the sealing drive sliding ring (135) to move upward. The sealing drive sliding ring (135) causes the sealing drive ring (133) to move upward, and the sealing drive ring (133) causes each sealing baffle (137) to move upward, so that each sealing baffle (137) retracts back into the sealing mechanism receiving ring groove (132). At this time, the upper and lower ends of the sealing mechanism support ring (131) are connected. S2. Use the hydrostatic drive mechanism (31) to drive the core drill rod (21) to take samples; The inner rod of the hydrostatic drive telescopic rod (314) extends out, causing the hydrostatic drive cylinder (313) to move down. The hydrostatic drive cylinder (313) causes the core drill rod support ring (211), together with the core drill rod support column (212) and the core drill rod (21), to move down along the axis of the main drill rod (11). The core drill rod (21) is extended from the lower end of the main drill rod (11) and inserted into the geological layer to be sampled, and the geological sample is drilled into the core drill rod (21).

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