Worm and gear oil composition and method of making same

Abstract

The application provides a worm gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The worm gear oil composition of the application comprises: (a) an organic sulfur phosphorus compound; (b) a sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent; (c) a metal deactivator and / or a rust inhibitor; (d) an anti-emulsifying agent; (e) an anti-foaming agent; (f) a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the organic sulfur phosphorus compound is shown in formula (I): wherein the definitions of the groups are shown in the specification. The worm gear oil composition of the application has excellent oxidation stability, extreme pressure anti-wear property, friction reduction property, anti-emulsification property, anti-corrosion and rust prevention property and the like, can be formulated into different viscosity grades such as N100, N150, N220, N320 and N460, and is applied to the lubrication of various worm gear boxes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oils, and particularly to a worm gear oil composition and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In 1948, the American Petroleum Institute (API) included worm gear oil in its classification of transmission lubricants. Research on worm gear oil in my country began in 1977, and currently, worm gear oil is divided into two main categories: general-purpose (L-CKE) and extreme-pressure (L-CKE / P). The quality indicators for general-purpose worm gear oil refer to MIL-L-15019E, while the quality indicators for extreme-pressure worm gear oil refer to MIL-L-18486B(OS).

[0003] Worm gear drives are a type of gear drive, widely used due to their small size, high transmission ratio, smooth operation, low noise, and high worm output torque. Worm gear pairs often use bronze or brass worm wheels paired with steel worms. Worm lubrication has a crucial impact on worm gear drives, reducing friction and wear, and improving the efficiency and service life of the worm gear pair. Therefore, worm gear oils should possess good anti-friction properties, extreme pressure anti-wear properties, corrosion and rust prevention properties, thermal oxidation stability, and demulsification properties. Because worm gear drives involve significant sliding between tooth surfaces and a relatively longer tooth contact time than gear drives, friction and wear are prominent, requiring oils with high comprehensive performance. ZL200410071108.6 discloses a worm gear oil composition that uses commercially available phenolic and amine antioxidants, and can be formulated into worm gear oils of different viscosity grades such as N100, N150, N220, N320, and N460.

[0004] There is still room for improvement in the existing worm gear oils in terms of friction reduction performance, extreme pressure anti-wear performance, and oxidation resistance, in order to adapt to the development trend of worm gear oils with excellent comprehensive performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a worm gear oil composition and its preparation method.

[0006] The worm gear oil composition of the present invention comprises: (a) an organosulfur-phosphorus compound; (b) a sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent; (c) a metal deactivator and / or rust inhibitor; (d) an antiemulsifier; (e) an antifoaming agent; and (f) a lubricating base oil; wherein the organosulfur-phosphorus compound has the structure shown in formula (I):

[0007]

[0008] In formula (I), there are a L groups and b sulfur-containing phosphorus groups, where a is an integer between 1 and 8, and b is an integer between 1 and 10. The a L groups may be the same as or different from each other, and each is independently selected from the groups shown in formula (II).

[0009]

[0010] In formula (II), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from integers between 0 and 4; and the R groups are selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 5; R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight-chain or branched alkylene group; the R2s in the n repeating units may be the same or different from each other, and each is independently selected from single bonds and C bonds. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups; R3 is selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl; the A groups in the n repeating units may be the same or different from each other, and each is independently selected from the groups shown in formula (III) and formula (IV).

[0011]

[0012] The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl; * in formulas (III) and (IV) represents a bonding end bonded to formula (II);

[0013] In formulas (III) and (IV), △ represents the bonding end bonded to b sulfur-containing phosphorus groups; each of the X groups in the b sulfur-containing phosphorus groups may be the same as or different from each other, and each is independently selected from the bonding end bonded to a L group, H, OH, R', OR', SR'; each of the R0 groups in the b sulfur-containing phosphorus groups may be the same as or different from each other, and each is independently selected from H, OH, R', OR', SR'; wherein R' is selected from C 1-20 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, C 6-10 aryl, with one or more C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl-substituted C 6-10 aryl, C 1-20 The R' is a heterohydrocarbon group containing an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, wherein the R' is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogens and hydroxyl groups;

[0014] In each thiophosphorus group, there is one or two X's selected from the binding ends that are bonded to the L group; the various groups in the organothiophosphorus compound conform to the bonding rules.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, in formula (I), a is an integer between 1 and 4, and b is an integer between 1 and 6; in formula (II), HO is located at the meta position on the chain containing R1 on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para or ortho position on the chain containing R1 on the benzene ring, and the R groups are selected from C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups (preferably tert-butyl), n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C1. 1-4 A straight-chain or branched alkylene group, wherein the R2 in each of the n repeating units is independently selected from single bonds and C bonds. 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, R3 selected from H and C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C. 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups; wherein R' is selected from C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl, phenyl, and compounded by one or more C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl-substituted phenyl, C 1-10 It contains heterohydrocarbon groups containing oxygen or sulfur atoms.

[0016] According to the present invention, when both X groups in each thiophosphoric group are selected from the binding ends that are bonded to the L group, the two X groups can be bonded to the same L group or to two different L groups respectively.

[0017] According to the present invention, the two bonding ends (i.e. the two *) in formula (III) or formula (IV) that are bonded to formula (II) can be bonded to the group in formula (II) in any manner, for example, they can be bonded to formula (II) in one direction or in the opposite direction.

[0018] In the context of this invention, the heteroalkyl group refers to a group whose carbon chain structure is interrupted by one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2, or 1) heterogroups selected from -Sx- and -O-, wherein x is an integer between 1 and 5 (preferably an integer between 1 and 4, more preferably 1, 2, or 3); the hydrocarbon group can be a straight-chain or branched alkyl, a straight-chain or branched cycloalkyl, a straight-chain or branched aryl, or a mixed hydrocarbon group containing two or more of the groups selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl. From the perspective of structural stability, preferably, when multiple heterogroups are present, no two of the heterogroups are directly bonded together.

[0019] According to the present invention, examples of the organosulfur-phosphorus compounds include one or more of the following structural compounds:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] According to the present invention, the method for preparing the organosulfur-phosphorus compound includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) React the compound shown in formula (α) with the peroxide;

[0025]

[0026] In formula (α), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from integers between 0 and 4; and the R groups are selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 5; R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight-chain or branched alkylene group; the R2s in the n repeating units may be the same or different from each other, and each is independently selected from single bonds and C bonds. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups; R3 is selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl; the A" in the n repeating units may be the same as or different from each other, and each is independently selected from... The R4 groups therein are each independently selected from H and C. 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups;

[0027] (2) React the reaction product of step (1) with the compound shown in formula (β) and collect the product;

[0028]

[0029] In formula (β), each X' group may be the same as or different from each other, and each is independently selected from H, OH, R', OR', SR'; R0 is selected from H, OH, R', OR', SR'; and R' is selected from C. 1-20 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, C 6-10 aryl, with one or more C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl-substituted C 6-10 aryl, C 1-20 The R' is a heterohydrocarbon group containing an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, wherein the R' is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogens and hydroxyl groups; in formula (β), at least one X' group is selected from OH.

[0030] According to the present invention, preferably, HO is located at the meta position on the chain containing R1 on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para or ortho position on the chain containing R1 on the benzene ring, and the R groups are selected from C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups (more preferably tert-butyl), n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C1. 1-4A straight-chain or branched alkylene group, wherein the R2 in each of the n repeating units is independently selected from single bonds and C bonds. 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, R3 selected from H and C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C. 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups; wherein R' is selected from C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl, phenyl, and compounded by one or more C 1-10 Straight-chain or branched alkyl-substituted phenyl, C 1-10 It contains heterohydrocarbon groups containing oxygen or sulfur atoms.

[0031] According to the present invention, in step (1), the compound represented by formula (α) can be selected from cashew phenol and alkylated cashew phenol. The alkylated cashew phenol can be obtained by reacting cashew phenol with an alkylating agent, for example, by reacting cashew phenol with tert-butyl chloride to obtain tert-butylated cashew phenol.

[0032] According to the present invention, in step (1), the peroxide is preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, formic acid, peracetic acid, persulfonic acid, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetic acid, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide, more preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, formic acid, peracetic acid and persulfonic acid.

[0033] According to the present invention, in step (2), the compound represented by formula (β) can be selected from alkoxythiophosphoric acid, aryloxythiophosphoric acid, alkylthiophosphoric acid, arylthiophosphoric acid, alkoxythiophosphonic acid, alkylthiophosphonic acid, hydroxy-substituted alkylthiophosphoric acid, etc. For example, phenylthiophosphonic acid, ethylthiophosphonic acid, phenoxythiophosphoric acid, ethylthiophosphoric acid, hydroxymethylthiophosphonic acid, phenylthiomethoxythiophosphoric acid, thiophosphoric acid, or one or more of these can be selected.

[0034] According to the present invention, the equivalence ratio between the compound represented by formula (α) and the peroxide and the compound represented by formula (β) is preferably 1:0.5 to 10:0.5 to 10, more preferably 1:2 to 5:2 to 5.

[0035] According to the present invention, the reaction temperature of step (1) is preferably 0 to 100°C, more preferably 20 to 80°C; the reaction temperature of step (2) is preferably 50 to 150°C, more preferably 70 to 120°C.

[0036] According to the present invention, a catalyst may be added in step (1), preferably an acidic catalyst, more preferably a Lewis acid catalyst, such as one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum trichloride, benzenesulfonic acid and titanate, and the amount of catalyst added is preferably 0.01% to 3% of the compound shown in formula (α). After the reaction in step (1) is completed, the catalyst may be removed by alkaline washing or water washing.

[0037] According to the present invention, a catalyst may be added in step (2), preferably an acidic catalyst, more preferably a Lewis acid catalyst, such as one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum trichloride, benzenesulfonic acid and titanate, and the amount of catalyst added is preferably 0.5% to 10% of the compound shown in formula (α). After the reaction in step (2) is completed, the catalyst may be removed by alkaline washing or water washing.

[0038] According to the present invention, the reaction steps (1) and (2) can be carried out in the presence of a diluent and / or a solvent, or without the use of a diluent and / or a solvent.

[0039] According to the present invention, the diluent may be selected from one or more of API Group I, II, III, IV and V base oils. Common products or grades include 150SN, 200SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 150BS, HVI-100, HVI-150, HVI-200, HVI-350, HVI-400, HVI-500, HVI-150BS, PAO4, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, etc.

[0040] According to the present invention, the solvent may be water, C 6-20 Aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and cumene), C 6-10 Alkanes (such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, and petroleum ether), solvent gasoline, etc. These solvents may be used individually, or in combination of two or more. The solvents may be removed after the reaction is complete, using methods known to those skilled in the art, such as under normal or reduced pressure.

[0041] According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the diluent and / or solvent may be added at any stage of the reaction step in the amounts conventional in the art, without particular limitation.

[0042] According to the present invention, the reaction can be carried out under the protection of an inert gas atmosphere. Examples of inert gases include nitrogen and argon, and there is no particular limitation.

[0043] According to the present invention, the aforementioned preparation method can produce a single organosulfur phosphorus compound, a mixture of multiple organosulfur phosphorus compounds, or a mixture of one or more organosulfur phosphorus compounds with the aforementioned diluent (if used) as the reaction product. These reaction products are all contemplated by the present invention, and their different forms do not affect the achievement of the effects of the present invention. Therefore, in the context of this specification, these reaction products are collectively referred to as organosulfur phosphorus compounds without distinction. In view of this, according to the present invention, there is no absolute necessity for further purification of the reaction product or for further separation of an organosulfur phosphorus compound with a specific structure from the reaction product. Of course, such purification or separation is preferred for further enhancing the intended effects of the present invention, but is not necessary for the present invention. Nevertheless, methods for purification or separation, such as column chromatography or preparative chromatography, can be cited as examples.

[0044] According to the present invention, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide and alkyl polysulfides, more preferably sulfurized isobutylene, for example, domestically produced T321 and Lubrizol's Anglamol-33 can be selected.

[0045] According to the present invention, the metal deactivator and / or rust inhibitor is preferably selected from one or more of benzotriazole-type metal deactivators, thiadiazole-type metal deactivators, heterocyclic sulfur nitrogen-type metal deactivators, sulfonate-type rust inhibitors, carboxylic acid-type rust inhibitors, carboxylic acid ester-type rust inhibitors, and heterocyclic rust inhibitors, and more preferably selected from one or more of benzotriazole-type metal deactivators, thiadiazole-type metal deactivators, and sulfonate-type rust inhibitors. For example, one or more of benzotriazole, benzotriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, thiadiazole, thiadiazole polysulfide, petroleum calcium sulfonate, petroleum magnesium sulfonate, synthetic calcium sulfonate, and synthetic magnesium sulfonate can be selected, and the commercial brands include T706, T551, T561, T102, T103, T105, T106, etc.

[0046] According to the present invention, the demulsifier is preferably selected from polyol ether type demulsifiers, such as condensates of amines and ethylene oxide, commonly known by brand name T1001.

[0047] According to the present invention, the antifoaming agent is preferably selected from methyl silicone oil and / or acrylate ether copolymers, and common commercial brands include T901, T903, T911, T912, etc.

[0048] According to the present invention, the lubricating base oil is preferably selected from mineral lubricating base oils and / or synthetic lubricating base oils. The mineral lubricating base oil is preferably a paraffinic lubricating oil and / or an intermediate-based lubricating oil, such as one or more of 100SN, 150SN, 200SN, 250SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 90BS, 120BS, 150BS, 150ZN, 600ZN, and 140ZNZ. The synthetic lubricating base oil may be one or more of synthetic esters, synthetic hydrocarbons, and polyalkylene glycols, more preferably synthetic esters and / or polyalphaolefins (PAO). The kinematic viscosity of the lubricating base oil can be freely adjusted according to usage requirements without particular limitation. Viscosity index improvers and / or pour point depressants well known to those skilled in the art can be added to the lubricating base oil to formulate lubricating base oils of different viscosity grades. Typically, the kinematic viscosity of the synthetic lubricating oil at 100°C is 3–100 mmHg. 2 / s, preferably 3-50mm 2 / s, or kinematic viscosity at 40℃ is 10~2000mm 2 / s, preferably 10~800mm 2 / s. Generally, lubricating base oils of various viscosities are selected to formulate lubricating base oils of different viscosity grades. These viscosity grades include N100, N150, N220, N320, N460, etc.

[0049] According to the present invention, the content of the organosulfur-phosphorus compound in the worm gear oil composition, by mass fraction, is preferably 0.03% to 2.5%, more preferably 0.1% to 1.5%; the content of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is preferably 0.05% to 5.5%, more preferably 0.5% to 2.5%; the content of the metal deactivator and / or rust inhibitor is preferably 0.003% to 1.0%, more preferably 0.005% to 0.3%; the content of the demulsifier is preferably 0.005% to 1.0%, more preferably 0.01% to 0.3%; the content of the antifoaming agent is preferably 0.0001% to 0.02%, more preferably 0.001% to 0.01%; and the lubricating base oil constitutes the main component of the worm gear oil composition.

[0050] According to the present invention, the method for preparing the worm gear oil composition includes the step of mixing the components in the aforementioned worm gear oil composition. The mixing temperature is preferably 40–90°C, and the mixing time is preferably 1–2 hours.

[0051] The worm gear oil composition of the present invention has excellent oxidation stability, extreme pressure anti-wear properties, friction reduction properties, demulsibility, corrosion and rust prevention properties, etc., and can be formulated into different viscosity grades such as N100, N150, N220, N320, and N460 and applied to the lubrication of various worm gear boxes. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 The infrared spectrum of the product of Example 2 is shown below.

[0053] Figure 2 The image shows the carbon NMR spectrum of the product from Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0054] In this specification, the term "single bond" is sometimes used in the definition of a group. A "single bond" means that the group does not exist. For example, suppose the structural formula is -CH2-A-CH3, where group A is defined as selected from single bonds and methyl groups. Therefore, if A is a single bond, it means that group A does not exist, and the structural formula is correspondingly simplified to -CH2-CH3.

[0055] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0056] The main raw materials used are as follows:

[0057] Cashew phenol, Shanghai Wujing Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., industrial products

[0058] Zinc chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0059] Concentrated sulfuric acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade.

[0060] Hydrogen peroxide (30%), Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade.

[0061] Formic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0062] Phenylethiophosphonic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure

[0063] Ethiophosphonic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure

[0064] Ethiophosphoric acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure

[0065] tert-butyl chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0066] Toluene, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0067] Tricresol phosphate (TCP), Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure.

[0068] Trimethylolpropane ester, Sinopec Lubricating Oil Company Chongqing Branch, industrial product

[0069] 150SN base oil, Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Branch, industrial products

[0070] Polyalphaolefin pour point depressant, T803, Wuxi Southern Petroleum Additives Co., Ltd., industrial product

[0071] Polymethyl methacrylate, T602, Wuxi Southern Petroleum Additives Co., Ltd., Industrial Product

[0072] Isobutylene sulfide, T321, Liaoning Tianhe Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Industrial Product

[0073] Benztriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, T551, Beijing Xingpu Fine Chemical Technology Development Co., Ltd., industrial grade Benztriazole, T706, Nanjing Jinling Chemical Synthesis Reagent Factory, industrial grade

[0074] Amine and ethylene oxide condensate, T1001, Danyang Tianyu Petroleum Additives Factory, industrial product

[0075] Polymethyl silicone oil, T901, Danyang Tianyu Petroleum Additives Factory, industrial product

[0076] Polyalphaolefin oil (PAO), Shanghai Nake Lubrication Technology Co., Ltd., Industrial Products

[0077] Diisooctyl sebacate, Shanghai Nake Lubrication Technology Co., Ltd., Industrial Products

[0078] Lubricating base oil F-1 comprises 25% diisooctyl sebacate, 75% polyalphaolefin oil (PAO20), and an additional 1.6% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate viscosity index improver T602.

[0079] Lubricating base oil F-2 comprises 17% diisooctyl sebacate, 83% polyalphaolefin oil (PAO40), and an additional 0.4% (by weight of the sum of the two) of polyalphaolefin pour point depressant T803.

[0080] Lubricating base oil F-3 comprises 32% HVI 100SN mineral oil and 68% HVI 120BS mineral oil, plus 1.0% T803 and 0.9% T602 by weight of the total mineral oil mixture.

[0081] Lubricating base oil F-4 comprises 21% polyalphaolefin oil (PAO40) and 79% HVI 100SN, plus 0.8% T803 and 0.5% T602 by weight of the above mineral oil mixture.

[0082] Comparative anti-wear agent, thiophosphate complex amine salt, grade T307, Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricating Oil Co., Ltd.; Comparative anti-wear agent, triphenyl thiophosphate, grade T309, Shenyang Weihua Chemical Oil Co., Ltd.; Comparative antioxidant, T512, Xingpu Company, Petrochemical Research Institute.

[0083] Compared with friction modifiers, benzotriazole octadecylamine salt, grade T406, Zibo Huihua Chemical Co., Ltd. Example 1: Preparation of tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenol

[0084] Take 100g of cashew nut shell powder, 8g of formic acid, 0.3g of sulfuric acid, and 200g of hydrogen peroxide, and add them to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, and temperature control. Turn on the stirrer and heat. Maintain the reaction temperature at 70℃ and react for 3 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool down to obtain a brownish-red transparent liquid. Filter the reaction product and wash it with 5% KOH solution, then wash it with distilled water until neutral. Distill the organic phase under reduced pressure at 100Pa and 150℃ for 1 hour to remove water and unreacted raw materials, obtaining an orange-red transparent liquid epoxidized cashew nut shell powder.

[0085] 35g of epoxidized cashew nut shell phenol was dissolved in 100ml of acetone. After dissolution, the solution was transferred to a 250ml three-necked reaction flask, and 0.9g of zinc chloride catalyst was added. The mixture was stirred and heated. The reaction temperature was maintained at 60℃. 9.5g of tert-butyl chloride was slowly added dropwise to the reaction flask. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered to obtain a brownish-red transparent liquid. The reaction product was filtered and washed with 5% KOH solution, then washed with distilled water until neutral. The product was then distilled under reduced pressure at 1000Pa and 120℃ for 1 hour to remove the solvent, water, and unreacted raw materials, yielding a brownish-red viscous liquid, tert-butylated epoxidized cashew nut shell phenol.

[0086] An example reaction formula for the above reaction is shown below.

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Example 2

[0090] 2g of the tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenol prepared in Example 1, 0.02g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 100g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a reflux condenser. The mixture was stirred, heated, and refluxed at 85°C for 1 hour. Then, 2g of phenylthiophosphonic acid was added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued under reflux for 5 hours, and then the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water until neutral, and finally the solvent was evaporated to obtain the organosulfur-phosphorus compound W-01 of the present invention.

[0091] Since the reactants are a mixture of tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenols such as monoepoxy, diepoxy, and triepoxy, the reaction products are a mixture of numerous organosulfur and phosphorus compounds. Therefore, the following are some representative examples of the main reaction formulas for the reaction of tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenols with monoepoxy.

[0092]

[0093] The product prepared in Example 2 was subjected to infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The infrared spectrum is shown in the figure. Figure 1 The analysis results are shown in Table 1, and the NMR spectra are shown in Table 1. Figure 2 The analysis results are shown in Table 2.

[0094] Table 1 Infrared analysis results of the products

[0095]

[0096] Table 1 shows that the product contains characteristic peaks such as C-OH stretching vibration peak, P=S stretching vibration peak, benzene ring skeleton stretching vibration peak, POC stretching vibration peak, and PC stretching vibration peak, which indicates that the synthesized product is the target compound.

[0097] Table 2. Results of NMR spectroscopy analysis of the products

[0098]

[0099] The C element assignments for the OH groups on the benzene ring in Table 2 indicate the presence of phenolic structures in the products; the C element assignments for PC indicate the presence of phenyl phosphide structures; the C element assignments for OC indicate the presence of ester groups on the alkyl chains; and the C element assignments for tert-butyl quaternary structures indicate the presence of tert-butyl structures. The C element assignments can indicate that the synthesized products are the target compounds.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] 2g of the tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenol prepared in Example 1, 0.01g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 100g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a reflux condenser. The mixture was stirred, heated, and refluxed at 95°C for 1 hour. Then, 3.2g of ethyl thiophosphonic acid was added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was refluxed for another 3 hours, and then the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water until neutral, and finally the solvent was evaporated to obtain the organosulfur-phosphorus compound W-02.

[0102] Example 4

[0103] 2g of the tert-butylated epoxy cashew phenol prepared in Example 1, 0.05g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 100g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a reflux condenser. The mixture was stirred, heated, and refluxed at 110°C for 1 hour. Then, 2.5g of ethylthiophosphoric acid was added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued under reflux for 6 hours, at which point the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water until neutral, and finally the solvent was evaporated to obtain the organosulfur-phosphorus compound W-03.

[0104] Examples 5-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the worm gear oil composition

[0105] The formulations of the worm gear oil compositions in Examples 5-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 3. Each component was added to a mixing container in proportion, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 50°C for 2 hours to prepare the worm gear oil compositions in Examples 5-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4, respectively.

[0106] These worm gear oil compositions were subjected to tests for kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, copper strip corrosion, flash point (open cup), pour point, water content, mechanical impurities, liquid phase corrosion, demulsibility, oxidation resistance, friction reduction, and extreme pressure anti-wear properties. The test methods are shown in Table 4, and the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0107] Table 3

[0108]

[0109] Table 4 Main Test Methods

[0110]

[0111] Table 5

[0112]

Claims

1. A worm gear oil composition, comprising: (a) organosulfur-phosphorus compounds; (b) sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agents; (c) metal deactivators and / or rust inhibitors; (d) demulsifiers; (e) antifoaming agents; (f) lubricating base oils; wherein the organosulfur-phosphorus compounds are one or more of the following structural compounds: 。 2. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the organosulfur-phosphorus compound includes the following steps: (1) To react (α) compound with peroxide; The (α) compound is tert-butylated cashew phenol; (2) React the reaction product of step (1) with compound (β) and collect the product; The (β) compound is selected from one or more of phenylthiophosphonic acid, ethylthiophosphonic acid, and ethylthiophosphoric acid.

3. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the peroxide is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, peroxyformic acid, peracetic acid, peroxysulfonic acid, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetic acid, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide.

4. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the peroxide is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, peroxyformic acid, peracetic acid and peroxysulfonic acid.

5. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The equivalence ratio between (α) compounds and peroxides and (β) compounds is 1:0.5~10:0.5~10.

6. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reaction temperature in step (1) is 0~100℃; the reaction temperature in step (2) is 50~150℃.

7. The worm gear oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent is selected from one or more of sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide, and alkyl polysulfides; the metal deactivator and / or rust inhibitor is selected from one or more of benzotriazole-type metal deactivators, thiadiazole-type metal deactivators, heterocyclic sulfur-nitrogen-type metal deactivators, sulfonate-type rust inhibitors, carboxylic acid-type rust inhibitors, carboxylic acid ester-type rust inhibitors, and heterocyclic rust inhibitors; the demulsifier is selected from polyol ether-type demulsifiers; the antifoaming agent is selected from methyl silicone oil and / or acrylate ether copolymers; and the lubricating base oil is selected from mineral lubricating base oil and / or synthetic lubricating base oil.

8. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 7, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the content of the organosulfur-phosphorus compound in the worm gear oil composition is 0.03% to 2.5%; the content of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 0.05% to 5.5%; the content of the metal deactivator and / or rust inhibitor is 0.003% to 1.0%; the content of the demulsifier is 0.005% to 1.0%; the content of the antifoaming agent is 0.0001% to 0.02%; and the lubricating base oil constitutes the main component of the worm gear oil composition.

9. A method for preparing the worm gear oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the step of mixing the components therein.

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