An 8b lubricating oil base oil and a method for producing the same

Abstract

The application provides an 8B lubricating oil base oil and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking coal-to-olefin as raw material, and performing polymerization reaction in the presence of a BF3 catalyst system to obtain the 8B lubricating oil base oil. The 8B lubricating oil base oil is prepared by the method. The coal-to-olefin is selected as the raw material, so that the raw material source of the 8B lubricating oil base oil is widened. Meanwhile, the specific BF3 catalyst system has good selectivity to oligomerization, so that the yield of the 8B lubricating oil base oil is greatly improved. In addition, the prepared 8B lubricating oil base oil has good quality, and has the advantages of low condensation point and the like. The 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared by the preparation method is more suitable for harsh working environments such as aircraft engines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an 8B lubricating oil base oil and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of aviation lubricating oil base oil preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Aviation lubricants refer to liquid lubricants used in aircraft engines, instruments, and equipment. To meet the demanding working environment of the aviation industry, aviation lubricants typically possess excellent lubricity, good fluidity, a high flash point, and a wide operating temperature range. 8B lubricating oil base oil, as a primary lubricating oil base oil for aircraft engines and also used in military applications, has increasingly stringent requirements for its physicochemical properties. With the continuous development and expansion of the aviation industry, the application of 8B lubricating oil base oil is becoming more widespread, and the demand is gradually increasing.

[0003] 8B lubricating oil base oil is usually synthesized from soft wax cracked olefins, but the yield of 8B base oil synthesized from this raw material is low. Chen Xinde et al. (Semi-refined wax cracked olefins for the synthesis of 8B and No. 20 aviation lubricating oils [J]. Refining Technology and Engineering: 2007, 37(2), 18-21) published a synthesis method for 8B aviation lubricating oil, using wax cracked olefins as raw material and AlCl3 as catalyst, the yield of 8B base oil was only 13.6%, and the pour point was -61℃. Zhang Yuguang (Optimization of process conditions for 8B aviation jet lubricating oil [J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Petroleum and Chemical Technology: 2009, 29(4), 47-49) published a production process for synthesizing 8B aviation jet lubricating oil from wax cracked olefins, using AlCl3 catalyst, the yield of the obtained base oil was only 19.5%, and the pour point was -64℃. It can be seen that the yield of 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared from wax cracked olefins is low. Meanwhile, with the gradual optimization of olefin synthesis processes, wax cracking olefins are gradually being phased out, and the supply will become increasingly scarce. At the same time, with the development of ethylene oligomerization processes, the production capacity of α-olefins from ethylene oligomerization is increasing year by year. Li Hongping (Analysis of the Synthesis Process of Aviation Jet Engine Lubricating Oil (8B) Base Oil [J]. Lubricating Oil: 2016, 31(6), 57-64) used 1-octene and 1-decene as raw materials and AlCl3 as a catalyst to synthesize 8B lubricating oil base oil. The yield of the obtained product was about 35%, and the pour point was -66℃. The yield of this synthesis method is also relatively low.

[0004] It is evident that the preparation of 8B lubricating oil base oil currently mainly uses AlCl3 catalyst. Although using synthetic α-olefins to replace wax-cracked olefins can effectively improve product yield, the improved yield is still very low, resulting in low synthesis efficiency and affecting the economics of production.

[0005] Therefore, developing a novel method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil has become one of the urgent problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an 8B lubricating oil base oil and its preparation method. The preparation method of the 8B lubricating oil base oil provided by the present invention can improve the yield, and the prepared 8B lubricating oil base oil has better quality.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, the method comprising the following steps: using coal-to-olefins as raw material, carrying out a polymerization reaction in the presence of a BF3 catalyst system to obtain the 8B lubricating oil base oil.

[0008] In the preparation method of this invention, the coal-to-olefins refers to olefins prepared from coal as the initial raw material, specifically olefins separated from Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, a liquid hydrocarbon oil produced from coal-to-syngas through the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Preferably, the raw material coal-to-olefins is a mixture of several C5-C12 olefins obtained by separating coal-to-olefins (which can be industrial-grade coal-to-olefins). More preferably, the raw material coal-to-olefins is a mixture of several C6-C10 olefins obtained by separating coal-to-olefins. The separation method generally involves fractionation, which can be performed using atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation. The mixture of several C5-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation is generally a fraction with a temperature <220°C. The mixture of several C6-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation is generally a fraction with a temperature of 50-180°C.

[0009] In the above preparation method, preferably, the BF3 catalyst system includes BF3 and a co-catalyst, wherein the co-catalyst includes an alcohol derivative.

[0010] In the above preparation method, preferably, the molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst in the BF3 catalyst system is 0.1 to 3.0, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0, and even more preferably 0.8 to 1.5.

[0011] In the above preparation method, preferably, in the BF3 catalyst system, the general structural formula of the alcohol derivative is X-(CH2). n -OH, where n is an integer from 1 to 10, and X is selected from nitro (-NO2), halogen, cyano (-CN), sulfonic acid (-SO3H), aldehyde (-CHO), acyl (-COR, where R is alkyl), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino (-NH2).

[0012] In the above preparation method, in the general structural formula of the alcohol derivative, the acyl group is -COR, where R is an alkyl group, preferably methyl.

[0013] In the above preparation method, preferably, in the BF3 catalyst system, the alcohol derivative includes 2-nitroethanol, 3-nitropropanol, 2-chloroethanol, 3-chloro-1-propanol, 4-chloro-1-butanol, 5-chloro-1-pentanol, 6-chloro-1-hexanol, 7-chloro-1-heptanol, 8-chloro-1-octanol, 9-chloro-1-nonanol, 10-chloro-1-decanol, 2-fluoroethanol, 3-fluoro-1-propanol, 4-fluoro-1- Butanol, 5-fluoro-1-pentanol, 6-fluoro-1-hexanol, 7-fluoro-1-heptanol, 8-fluoro-1-octanol, 9-fluoro-1-nonanol, 10-fluoro-1-decanol, 2-bromoethanol, 3-bromo-1-propanol, 4-bromo-1-butanol, 5-bromo-1-pentanol, 6-bromo-1-hexanol, 7-bromo-1-heptanol, 8-bromo-1-octanol, 9-bromo-1-nonanol, 10-bromo-1-decanol, 2-iodoethanol, 3-iodo-1-propanol Alcohols, 4-iodo-1-butanol, 5-iodo-1-pentanol, 6-iodo-1-hexanol, 7-iodo-1-heptanol, 8-iodo-1-octanol, 9-iodo-1-nonanol, 10-iodo-1-decanol, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, 4-hydroxybutyrone, 2-hydroxyethylsulfonic acid, 3-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyacetaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde, 5-hydroxypentanol, 6-hydroxyhexanol, 8-hydroxyoctanol, 6-hydroxy-2- One or a combination of several of the following: hexanone, 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone, glycolic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, 3-amino-1-propanol, 4-amino-1-butanol, 5-amino-1-pentanol, 6-amino-1-hexanol, 7-amino-1-heptanol, 8-amino-1-octanol, and 10-amino-1-decanol.

[0014] In the above preparation method, preferably, in the BF3 catalyst system, the X in the general formula of the alcohol derivative is selected from halogens and carboxyl groups. More preferably, the halogens include fluorine (-F), chlorine (-Cl), bromine (-Br), and iodine (-I).

[0015] In the above preparation method, more preferably, in the BF3 catalyst system, the alcohol derivative includes one or a combination of several of the following: 4-fluoro-1-butanol, 3-chloro-1-propanol, 3-iodo-1-propanol, 4-bromo-1-butanol, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid.

[0016] In the above preparation method, the BF3 catalyst system and the co-catalyst can be stored separately before the polymerization reaction, and then mixed and synergistically catalyzed during the polymerization reaction; alternatively, the BF3 catalyst system can be prepared by mixing and reacting in advance, and then added to the BF3 catalyst system during the polymerization reaction to catalyze the polymerization reaction.

[0017] In the above preparation method, preferably, the BF3 catalyst system can be prepared by the following steps: mixing and reacting BF3 and a co-catalyst to obtain the BF3 catalyst system (the BF3 catalyst system is a complex of BF3 and the co-catalyst). More preferably, the reaction temperature is -30°C to 50°C, particularly preferably -10°C to 30°C. More preferably, the reaction time is 0.5h to 4.0h, particularly preferably 0.5h to 3.0h.

[0018] More specifically, the BF3 catalyst system can be prepared by the following steps: First, a catalyst preparation reactor is purged with nitrogen (preferably for 5-10 minutes). After nitrogen purging, the co-catalyst is added, and stirring is started simultaneously. The temperature is controlled at -30°C to 50°C (preferably -10°C to 30°C). BF3 is added, and the reaction is carried out for 0.5-4.0 hours (preferably 0.5-3.0 hours) to obtain the BF3 catalyst system. The catalyst preparation reactor can be a sealed container, purged with nitrogen to remove water and oxygen. More preferably, the water content of the co-catalyst is below 100 ppm. The co-catalyst can be purified using conventional methods in the art, including but not limited to distillation and adsorbent removal methods, to control the water content of the co-catalyst within the aforementioned low range.

[0019] In the above preparation method, preferably, the amount of the BF3 catalyst system is 0.1 to 2.0% based on the total mass of the raw coal to olefins as 100%.

[0020] In the above preparation method, preferably, the polymerization reaction temperature is 20-100℃, more preferably 20-70℃.

[0021] In the above preparation method, preferably, the pressure of the polymerization reaction is 0.1 to 0.5 MPa, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 MPa.

[0022] In the above preparation method, preferably, the polymerization reaction time is 0.5 to 3 hours, more preferably 1 to 2.5 hours.

[0023] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the preparation method of the 8B lubricating oil base oil includes the following steps:

[0024] The coal-to-olefins feedstock is added to a batch polymerization reactor, and the BF3 catalyst system is added to the batch polymerization reactor. The reaction temperature is controlled at 20-100℃ (preferably 20-70℃), the reaction pressure is 0.1-0.5MPa (preferably 0.2-0.4MPa), and the reaction time is 0.5-3h (preferably 1-2.5h). After the reaction is completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil is obtained.

[0025] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the above preparation method further includes the following step: after the reaction is completed, separating the BF3 catalyst system. More preferably, separation is performed by sedimentation, which may include gravity sedimentation or enhanced sedimentation; particularly preferably, the enhanced sedimentation may be agglomeration or centrifugation. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the BF3 catalyst system, at least a portion of BF3 exists in the form of a boron trifluoride complex formed by complexation with the co-catalyst, and some BF3 may also exist in gaseous form. The catalyst separated by the sedimentation method is mainly a catalyst system separated from the material system in the form of a complex.

[0026] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the above preparation method further includes the following step: after the reaction is completed, the residual BF3 gas in the product is removed and recycled. More preferably, the removal method can be flash evaporation, stripping, or thermal cracking, etc.

[0027] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the above preparation method further includes the following step: after the reaction is completed, the product is fractionated to remove unreacted raw materials, etc., to obtain the 8B lubricating oil base oil. More preferably, the fractionation can be carried out by atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0028] The second aspect of the present invention provides an 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared by the above-mentioned method.

[0029] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pour point of the 8B lubricating oil base oil is below -60°C, more preferably below -65°C.

[0030] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the flash point (closed cup) of the 8B lubricating oil base oil is 152℃~165℃, more preferably 160℃~164℃.

[0031] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the 8B lubricating oil base oil at 50°C is 8.3 mm. 2 / s~9.5mm 2 / s, more preferably 8.8mm 2 / s~9.2mm2 / s.

[0032] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the 8B lubricating oil base oil at 20°C is 23 mm. 2 / s~30mm 2 / s, more preferably 26mm 2 / s~28mm 2 / s.

[0033] The pour point is obtained according to standard GB / T 510, the flash point (closed cup) is obtained according to standard GB / T 261, and the kinematic viscosity is obtained according to standard GB / T 265.

[0034] This invention provides an 8B lubricating oil base oil and its preparation method. The preparation method uses coal-to-olefins as raw material, broadening the raw material sources for 8B lubricating oil base oil. Simultaneously, the specific BF3 catalyst system of this invention exhibits good selectivity for oligomerization, thus significantly improving the yield of the 8B lubricating oil base oil. Furthermore, the prepared 8B lubricating oil base oil has good quality, especially with advantages such as a low pour point. The 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared by the method of this invention is more suitable for harsh operating environments such as those of aero engines. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention.

[0036] The raw material sources and product evaluation and analysis methods of the following embodiments are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0037] Table 1 Source of Raw Materials

[0038] Coal-to-olefins Industrial grade Lu'an, Shanxi

[0039] Table 2 Evaluation and Analysis Methods

[0040] Evaluation and analysis methods GB / T 265 GB / T 510 GB / T 261

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0043] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.1% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 20°C, the reactor pressure was 0.1 MPa, and the residence time was 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0044] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C5-C8 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0045] The BF3 catalyst system is composed of BF3 and the co-catalyst 3-hydroxypropionitrile, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 3.0.

[0046] The BF3 catalyst system can be prepared by the following steps: First, the catalyst preparation reactor is purged with nitrogen for 5-10 minutes. After purging with nitrogen, the co-catalyst is added while stirring is started. The temperature is controlled between -10°C and 30°C. BF3 is then added, and the reaction is carried out for 0.5-3.0 hours to obtain the BF3 catalyst system. The catalyst preparation reactor can be a sealed container, purged with nitrogen to remove water and oxygen. The water content of the co-catalyst is below 100 ppm. The co-catalyst can be purified using conventional methods in the art, including but not limited to distillation and adsorbent removal methods, to control the water content of the co-catalyst within the aforementioned low range.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0049] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.2% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 40°C, the reactor pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the residence time was 2.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0050] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C6-C8 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0051] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and a co-catalyst, 3-chloro-1-propanol, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 1.5. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0054] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.3% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 60°C, the reactor pressure was 0.3 MPa, and the residence time was 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0055] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C6-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0056] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and a co-catalyst, 4-bromo-1-butanol, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 1.0. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0059] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.5% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 80°C, the reactor pressure was 0.4 MPa, and the residence time was 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0060] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C8-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0061] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and the co-catalyst 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 0.5. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0064] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 1.0% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 100℃, the reactor pressure was 0.5MPa, and the residence time was 0.5h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0065] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C8-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0066] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and the co-catalyst 3-nitropropanol, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 0.2. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0069] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 2.0% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 30°C, the reactor pressure was 0.5 MPa, and the residence time was 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0070] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C5-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0071] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and the cocatalyst 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, with a molar ratio of BF3 to cocatalyst of 0.1. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Example 7

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0074] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 1.5% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 50°C, the reactor pressure was 0.4 MPa, and the residence time was 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0075] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C6-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0076] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and the co-catalyst 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 0.3. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Example 8

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0079] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.8% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 70°C, the reactor pressure was 0.3 MPa, and the residence time was 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0080] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C6-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0081] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and a cocatalyst, 6-hydroxy-2-hexanone, with a molar ratio of BF3 to cocatalyst of 0.4. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0082] Example 9

[0083] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0084] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.4% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 90°C, the reactor pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the residence time was 2.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0085] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C8-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0086] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and the co-catalyst 5-hydroxypentanal, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 0.6. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0087] Example 10

[0088] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0089] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 0.1% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 100℃, the reactor pressure was 0.1MPa, and the residence time was 3h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0090] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C10-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation of industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0091] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and a co-catalyst, 7-amino-1-heptanol, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 2.0. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] A comparative example provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0094] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and AlCl3 catalyst was introduced simultaneously. The amount of AlCl3 catalyst introduced was 1.0% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 110°C and the residence time was 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0095] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C8-C10 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0098] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 1.0% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 60°C, the reactor pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the residence time was 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0099] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C5-C8 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0100] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and propanol as a co-catalyst, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 1.5. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 3

[0102] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 8B lubricating oil base oil, which includes the following steps:

[0103] The raw material coal-to-olefins was fed into a batch polymerization reactor, and a BF3 catalyst system was introduced simultaneously. The amount of BF3 catalyst system introduced was 1.0% of the total mass of the raw material coal-to-olefins. The reaction temperature was controlled at 80°C, the reactor pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the residence time was 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the 8B lubricating oil base oil was obtained.

[0104] The aforementioned raw material, coal-to-olefins, is a mixture of C8-C12 olefins obtained by fractionation from industrial-grade coal-to-olefins. Fractionation can be performed using methods such as atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation.

[0105] The BF3 catalyst system consists of BF3 and butanol as a co-catalyst, with a molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst of 1.5. The preparation steps of the BF3 catalyst system are the same as in Example 1.

[0106] The reaction conditions and yields of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 3. The performance parameters of the product 8B lubricating oil base oil from each embodiment and comparative example were tested according to the evaluation and analysis methods in Table 2, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0107] Table 3. Reaction conditions and yields for each example and comparative example.

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Table 4 Performance parameters of the products of each embodiment and comparative example

[0111] Example 1 <![CDATA[9.33mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[28.42mm 2 / s]]> 158℃ -64℃ Example 2 <![CDATA[9.01mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[27.15mm 2 / s]]> 162℃ -66℃ Example 3 <![CDATA[8.93mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[27.10mm 2 / s]]> 162℃ -67℃ Example 4 <![CDATA[8.70mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[26.14mm 2 / s]]> 165℃ -70℃ Example 5 <![CDATA[8.48mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[25.40mm 2 / s]]> 164℃ -70℃ Example 6 <![CDATA[9.19mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[27.99mm 2 / s]]> 160℃ -65℃ Example 7 <![CDATA[8.98mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[27.22mm 2 / s]]> 163℃ -67℃ Example 8 <![CDATA[8.84mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[26.83mm 2 / s]]> 163℃ -67℃ Example 9 <![CDATA[8.59mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[25.90mm 2 / s]]> 163℃ -69℃ Example 10 <![CDATA[8.47mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[25.44mm 2 / s]]> 165℃ -71℃ Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[8.31mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[23.35mm 2 / s]]> 157℃ -62℃ Comparative Example 2 <![CDATA[8.43mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[23.40mm 2 / s]]> 155℃ -59℃ Comparative Example 3 <![CDATA[9.42mm 2 / s]]> <![CDATA[29.65mm 2 / s]]> 163℃ -63℃

[0112] As can be seen from Tables 3 and 4 above, the preparation method of this invention uses coal-to-olefins as raw material, broadening the raw material sources for 8B lubricating oil base oil. Simultaneously, the specific BF3 catalyst system of this invention exhibits good selectivity for oligomerization, thus significantly improving the yield of 8B lubricating oil base oil. Furthermore, the prepared 8B lubricating oil base oil has good quality, especially with advantages such as a low pour point. The 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared by the method of this invention is more suitable for harsh operating environments such as those of aero engines.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an 8B lubricating oil base oil, comprising the following steps: Using coal-to-olefins as raw material, a polymerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a BF3 catalyst system to obtain the 8B lubricating oil base oil. The raw material coal-to-olefins is a mixture of several C5-C12 olefins obtained by separating coal-to-olefins; The BF3 catalyst system includes BF3 and a co-catalyst, wherein the co-catalyst includes an alcohol derivative; The general structural formula of the alcohol derivative is X-(CH2). n -OH, where n is an integer from 1 to 10, and X is selected from nitro, halogen, cyano, sulfonic acid, aldehyde, acyl, carboxyl, and amino.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The raw material coal-to-olefins is a mixture of several C6-C10 olefins obtained by separating coal-to-olefins.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst in the BF3 catalyst system is 0.1~3.

0.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein, The molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst in the BF3 catalyst system is 0.5~2.

0.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein, The molar ratio of BF3 to co-catalyst in the BF3 catalyst system is 0.8 to 1.

5.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, In the BF3 catalyst system, the alcohol derivatives include 2-nitroethanol, 3-nitropropanol, 2-chloroethanol, 3-chloro-1-propanol, 4-chloro-1-butanol, 5-chloro-1-pentanol, 6-chloro-1-hexanol, 7-chloro-1-heptanol, 8-chloro-1-octanol, 9-chloro-1-nonanol, 10-chloro-1-decanol, 2-fluoroethanol, 3-fluoro-1-propanol, 4-fluoro-1-butanol, 5-fluoro- 1-Pentanol, 6-Fluoro-1-hexanol, 7-Fluoro-1-heptanol, 8-Fluoro-1-octanol, 9-Fluoro-1-nonanol, 10-Fluoro-1-decanol, 2-Bromoethanol, 3-Bromo-1-propanol, 4-Bromo-1-butanol, 5-Bromo-1-pentanol, 6-Bromo-1-hexanol, 7-Bromo-1-heptanol, 8-Bromo-1-octanol, 9-Bromo-1-nonanol, 10-Bromo-1-decanol, 2-Iodoethanol, 3-Iodo-1-propanol 4-Iodo-1-butanol, 5-Iodo-1-pentanol, 6-Iodo-1-hexanol, 7-Iodo-1-heptanol, 8-Iodo-1-octanol, 9-Iodo-1-nonanol, 10-Iodo-1-decanol, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, 4-hydroxybutyrile, 2-hydroxyethylsulfonic acid, 3-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyacetaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde, 5-hydroxypentanol, 6-hydroxyhexanol, 8-hydroxyoctanol, 6- One or a combination of several of the following: hydroxy-2-hexanone, glycolic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, 3-amino-1-propanol, 4-amino-1-butanol, 5-amino-1-pentanol, 6-amino-1-hexanol, 7-amino-1-heptanol, 8-amino-1-octanol, and 10-amino-1-decanol.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, In the BF3 catalyst system, X in the general formula of the alcohol derivative is selected from halogens and carboxyl groups.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein, In the BF3 catalyst system, the alcohol derivative includes one or a combination of several of the following: 4-fluoro-1-butanol, 3-chloro-1-propanol, 3-iodo-1-propanol, 4-bromo-1-butanol, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the total mass of raw coal used to produce olefins as 100%, the amount of the BF3 catalyst system is 0.1~2.0%.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 20~100℃.

11. The preparation method according to claim 10, wherein, The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 20~70℃.

12. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The polymerization reaction is carried out at a pressure of 0.1~0.5 MPa.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, wherein, The polymerization reaction is carried out at a pressure of 0.2~0.4 MPa.

14. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The polymerization reaction takes 0.5 to 3 hours.

15. The preparation method according to claim 14, wherein, The polymerization reaction takes 1 to 2.5 hours.

16. An 8B lubricating oil base oil prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-15.

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