A swing axle type cable conversion saddle and a slewing system thereof facilitating conversion of a suspension bridge system

Abstract

This invention provides a swing-axis type cable-sway saddle and its rotation system for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems, relating to the field of suspension bridge technology. The swing-axis type cable-sway saddle includes a saddle body and a saddle seat. The saddle seat has a rotation groove. A swing axis is located on the side of the saddle body facing the saddle seat. The swing axis is embedded in the rotation groove and coaxial with the groove. Jacks are located on both sides of the swing axis for pushing the saddle body. The suspension bridge rotation system includes a main cable saddle, a cable-sway saddle, and a parallel cable saddle. This invention, by setting a swing axis and jacks between the saddle body and the saddle seat, allows the cable-sway saddle to deflect around the swing axis during the pushing process, reducing the cable force deviation on both sides of the cable-sway saddle and preventing the main cable from detaching from the saddle. By setting a pulley below the saddle body, allowing it to share the load with a PTFE plate, the friction between the saddle body and the PTFE plate is significantly reduced, greatly reducing the pushing difficulty. This solves the problems of excessive friction, difficult pushing, and easy main cable detachment in existing cable-sway saddles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of suspension bridge technology, specifically relating to a swing-shaft type cable saddle and its rotation system that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems. Background Technology

[0002] As a cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridges, with their strong span capacity, rational stress distribution, and ability to fully utilize strength, have become the preferred bridge type for extra-long span bridges worldwide. A slewing cable refers to a main cable arrangement where the main cable starts from an anchorage on one bank, circles around an anchorage on the opposite bank, and returns to be anchored back to the starting anchorage. The main cable strands pass continuously at the slewing anchorage, utilizing a slewing system to achieve strand rotational anchoring. Unlike traditional discontinuous anchoring methods, slewing cables can fully utilize the self-balancing characteristics of the main cable and optimize the anchorage structure and anchorage configuration.

[0003] The cable saddle, a large steel component that assists in the rotation of the main cable saddle, can balance the forces on the anchorage. During the conversion of a suspension bridge system, the unbalanced forces on the main cables on both sides of the bridge tower are significant. To ensure the structural safety of the bridge tower under unbalanced thrust, it is often necessary to install pre-deflection of the main cable saddle and the cable saddle, and to employ multiple jacking operations using the "small steps, fast pace" principle during the system conversion process. As the system conversion progresses, a new and efficient rotation system urgently needs to be researched.

[0004] Traditional cable saddles rely on PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) plates to achieve low friction during construction, allowing for jacking. However, even with anti-slip materials, significant resistance remains during jacking, posing considerable challenges to subsequent jacking operations. Furthermore, imbalances in cable force within and on either side of the saddle during jacking can easily cause the main cable to detach. Therefore, using cable saddles with low-friction materials has significant drawbacks and limitations in application.

[0005] In existing technologies, for example, CN114086470A discloses a cable saddle system for horizontal rotation of the main cable of a suspension bridge. This system employs a triangular structure consisting of a main cable saddle and two rotating cable saddles. The main cable saddle acts as a fixed point, while the rotating cable saddles act as sliding structures, capable of sliding tangentially, eliminating the need for step-by-step jacking during construction. However, this solution still uses polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plates as the friction pair. Although the coefficient of friction is relatively low, the large weight of the rotating cable saddles still generates significant frictional resistance, making jacking still quite difficult.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a swing-shaft type cable saddle and its rotation system that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems, so as to solve the problems of excessive friction, difficulty in pushing, and easy detachment of the main cable in existing cable saddles.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A swing shaft type cable-switching saddle that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems includes a saddle body and a saddle seat. The saddle seat is provided with a rotation groove. A swing shaft is provided on the side of the saddle body facing the saddle seat. The swing shaft is embedded in the rotation groove and is coaxial with the rotation groove. Jacks are provided on both sides of the swing shaft. The jacks are used to push the saddle body.

[0010] Preferably, the saddle body has a base plate on its lower side, and the saddle body can slide relative to the base plate.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a spring sleeve, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the saddle body and the saddle seat, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the saddle is provided with a groove for mounting a jack, and the jack can slide within the groove.

[0013] Preferably, a threaded steel bar is provided between the saddle body and the saddle seat, and the threaded steel bar is used to fix the saddle body.

[0014] Preferably, a pulley is provided between the saddle body and the base plate, and the gap between the saddle body and the base plate is filled with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate, and a track for the pulley to move is provided on the PTFE plate.

[0015] Preferably, the jacks are connected by a limiting tube, which is used to limit the spacing between the jacks.

[0016] This invention also proposes a suspension bridge rotation system that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems, comprising:

[0017] Main cable saddle, which is set on the central axis of the anchorage;

[0018] The cable saddles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the anchor's central axis;

[0019] A parallel cable saddle, wherein the parallel cable saddle is located on the side of the saddle away from the main cable saddle;

[0020] The cable saddle is selected from any of the above-mentioned swing-axis cable saddles.

[0021] Preferably, the lines connecting the main cable entering and exiting the slewing system with the slewing saddle and the parallel saddle form a set of parallel lines.

[0022] Preferably, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle protrudes outward in an arc shape.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The swing shaft type cable saddle provided by the present invention sets a swing shaft and a jack between the saddle body and the saddle seat. By utilizing the stroke difference of the jack, the swing shaft can be deflected instead of pushed during the jacking process. During the system conversion construction, there is no need to push the saddle seat of the cable saddle, which reduces the construction difficulty. In addition, during the rotation of the swing shaft, the cable force on both sides of the cable saddle can be balanced by swinging the swing shaft back and forth with a small amplitude. Furthermore, since the cable saddle is symmetrically set on both sides of the anchorage centerline, the cable force on both sides of the main cable saddle can also tend to be balanced, thereby preventing the main cable from coming off the cable saddle and the main cable saddle.

[0025] (2) In addition to using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plates to reduce friction between the base plate and the saddle, pulleys are also installed so that they share the load with the PTFE plates, reducing the pressure of the saddle on the PTFE plates. This greatly reduces the friction between the saddle and the PTFE plates. Under the combined action of the pulleys and the PTFE plates, the saddle rotates in a combination of sliding and rolling. When jacking, it can be jacked with a much smaller jacking force than traditional cable saddles, thus greatly reducing the difficulty of construction.

[0026] (3) The suspension bridge slewing system provided by the present invention includes a parallel cable saddle, which can ensure that the main cable remains constant during the time interval between entering and exiting the slewing system, and can prevent the main cable from displacing too much during the jacking process and affecting the external structure of the bridge tower; the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle protrudes outward and is arc-shaped, which can adapt to the deformation of the main cable when the cable saddle rotates in two directions, and ensure that the main cable will not detach from the parallel cable saddle due to the large deformation amplitude. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the pendulum-type rotating cable saddle provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the saddle and the saddle body.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the spring sleeve.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the jack and the limiting tube.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a 3D view of the bottom.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a plan view of the suspension bridge slewing system provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Saddle body; 2. Saddle seat; 3. Rotary groove; 4. Swing shaft; 5. Jack; 6. Base plate; 7. Spring sleeve; 8. Threaded steel bar; 9. Pulley; 10. PTFE plate; 11. Limiting tube; 12. Main cable saddle; 13. Rotary cable saddle; 14. Parallel cable saddle. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection or a connection that allows communication between the two components; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components, an indirect connection, or an interaction between two components.

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0042] This invention addresses the problems of existing cable-swing saddles, such as easy main cable detachment, excessive friction, and difficulty in jacking, by providing a swing-shaft type cable-swing saddle that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a saddle body 1 and a saddle seat 2. The saddle seat 2 is provided with a rotary groove 3. The saddle body 1 is provided with a swing shaft 4 on the side facing the saddle seat 2. The swing shaft 4 is embedded in the rotary groove 3 and is coaxial with the rotary groove 3. There is a jack 5 on each side of the swing shaft 4. The jack 5 is used to push the saddle body 1.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention sets a swing shaft 4 and a jack 5 between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2. By utilizing the stroke difference of the jack 5, the saddle body 1 can deflect around the swing shaft 4 during the jacking process, reducing the cable force deviation on both sides of the saddle 13 and solving the problem of cable force imbalance on both sides of the saddle 13. Since the saddle 13 is symmetrically set on both sides of the anchorage central axis, the cable force on both sides of the main cable saddle 12 can also tend to be balanced, thereby preventing the main cable from coming off the saddle 13 and the main cable saddle 12.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the saddle body 1 of the cable saddle 13 is provided with a base plate 6 on its lower side. The saddle body 1 can slide relative to the base plate 6. Specifically, several sets of pulleys 9 are provided between the saddle body 1 and the base plate 6. At the same time, the gap between the saddle body 1 and the base plate 6 is filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate 10, so that the pulleys 9 and the PTFE plate 10 jointly bear the weight of the saddle body 1. Tracks for the pulleys 9 to move are left on the PTFE plate 10. When the saddle body 1 deflects around the swing axis 4, the pulleys 9 move in a circular motion around the swing axis 4 with the saddle body 1, so that the saddle body 1 rotates in the cooperation of sliding and rolling. When pushing, it can be pushed with a much smaller pushing force than the traditional cable saddle 13, thereby greatly reducing the construction difficulty.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, several evenly distributed spring sleeves 7 are provided between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2. The two ends of the spring sleeves 7 are rotatably connected to the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2, respectively. Specifically, the spring sleeves 7 consist of a telescopic sleeve, a spring located inside the sleeve, and rotating hinges at both ends of the sleeve. They can greatly alleviate the impact load that may be generated during the jacking process and prevent the main cable from coming off the cable saddle 13. The force applied by the spring sleeves 7 is opposite to that of the jack 5, which can stabilize the cable saddle 13 and keep the swing shaft 4 on the saddle body 1 always in the rotary groove 3.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the saddle 2 has symmetrical grooves on both sides for mounting the jacks 5. The part of the jack 5 inside the groove is equipped with a pulley, which slides in the groove. The groove has a T-shaped cross section, and its opening facing the saddle 1 matches the jack 5, so that the part of the jack 5 inside the groove can only move back and forth along the line connecting the two jacks 5.

[0047] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, to prevent the jacks 5 from detaching from the side opening of the slide groove, the fixed ends of the two jacks 5 are connected by limiting tubes 11 to limit the spacing between the jacks 5. The limiting tubes 11 are provided with screws at both ends, and are connected to the jacks 5 by means of the threads on the screws.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of threaded steel bars 8 are provided between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2, which are used to fix the saddle body 1 before the jacking of the cable saddle 13 begins, so as to prevent the pre-deflection of the cable saddle 13 from being disturbed by external forces when the main cable is erected. In the present invention, the threaded steel bars 8 are precision rolled threaded steel bars.

[0049] The installation and construction process of the swing shaft type cable saddle provided by this invention is as follows:

[0050] Step 1: Place the saddle 2 into the predetermined position on the anchorage and fix it in place using concrete pouring;

[0051] Step 2: Reserve the pulley 9 track on the steel base plate 6, lay the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 10, weld multiple small pulleys 9 on the side of the saddle body 1 according to the pulley 9 track, place the rotating cable saddle 13 on the steel base plate 6, and make the axis of the swing shaft 4 coincide with the axis of the rotary groove 3, and then set a certain pre-offset amount.

[0052] Step 3: Pre-embed threaded steel bars 8 at the top of the saddle body 1 and anchor the upper end, then pour concrete to ensure a reliable connection between the finely rolled threaded steel bars 8 and the saddle seat 2.

[0053] Step 4: Connect the rotating hinge of the spring sleeve 7 tightly to the saddle body 1 and saddle seat 2 by anchoring. Weld the limiting tube 11 and screw, keeping the length slightly smaller than the distance between the center points of the two slide grooves at both ends of the saddle seat 2, and weld it to the jack 5 so that the initial positions of the two jacks 5 are located at the center points of the two slide grooves respectively.

[0054] This invention also proposes a suspension bridge rotation system that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes:

[0055] The main cable saddle 12 is set on the central axis of the anchorage, and the bottom of the main cable saddle 12 is fixed by a grid, which is pre-embedded in the anchorage.

[0056] The saddle 13 is selected from any of the above-mentioned swing-axis saddles, and two are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central axis of the anchorage.

[0057] There are two parallel cable saddles 14, which are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the anchorage on the side of the turn cable saddle 13 away from the main cable saddle 12.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the saddle slots of the two parallel cable saddles 14 is equal to or greater than the distance between the saddle slots of the two rotating cable saddles 13. This arrangement ensures that when the rotating cable saddles 13 rotate, the main cable maintains a safe distance from the external structure of the bridge tower, reducing safety risks during jacking construction.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle 14 protrudes outward in an arc shape. With this setting, when the cable saddle 13 deflects, no matter which direction it deflects, the saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle 14 can adapt to the deformation of the main cable, ensuring that the main cable will not come out of the parallel cable saddle 14 due to excessive deformation.

[0060] The construction method for converting a suspension bridge system using the aforementioned rotary system includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Install the main cable saddle 12, the slewing cable saddle 13, and the parallel cable saddle 14 onto the anchorage, and use threaded steel bars 8 to fix the saddle body 1 and saddle seat 2 of the slewing cable saddle 13.

[0062] S2. Erect the main cable and remove the threaded steel bars 8 between the saddle seat 2 and the saddle body 1 of the cable saddle 13;

[0063] S3, jacking the main cable saddle 12 and parallel cable saddle 14, while simultaneously fine-tuning the deflection angle of the swing shaft 4 through the jack 5 to reduce the force difference of the main cables on both sides of the saddle 13; during the jacking process, the saddle body 1 of the saddle 13 is in an inclined state. Under the joint action of the jack 5 and the spring sleeve 7, not only can the saddle body 1 be accurately pushed to the appropriate position, but also during the jacking process, it can swing slightly left and right according to the difference in cable force on both sides of the saddle body 1, ensuring that the main cable will not be dislodged from the saddle 13 due to the unbalanced cable force on both sides of the saddle 13; if a larger swing of the saddle 13 is required, the position of the jack 5 in the slide 2 can be adjusted.

[0064] S4. Repeat step S3 until all main cables are installed.

[0065] S5. After the jacking is completed, the swing shaft 4 and the slewing groove 3 of the cable saddle 13 are fixed relative to each other by pouring concrete. After the concrete solidifies, the jack 5 and the spring sleeve 7 are removed so that the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2 remain relatively stationary. Bolts can also be used for fixing.

[0066] In summary, this invention, by setting a swing shaft 4 and a jack 5 between the saddle body 1 and the saddle seat 2, utilizes the stroke difference of the jack 5 to allow the saddle body 1 of the cable saddle 13 to deflect around the swing shaft 4 during the jacking process, reducing the cable force deviation on both sides of the cable saddle 13, eliminating the need to jack the saddle seat 2, thereby reducing construction difficulty; since the cable saddle 13 is symmetrically set on both sides of the anchorage's central axis, the cable force on both sides of the main cable saddle 12 can also tend to be balanced, solving the problems of excessive friction, difficulty in jacking, and easy main cable detachment of existing cable saddle 13s; the slewing system provided by this invention can ensure that the time interval between the main cable entering and leaving the slewing system remains unchanged, preventing excessive displacement of the main cable during the jacking process from affecting the external structure of the bridge tower.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swing axle type cable conversion saddle for facilitating the conversion of a suspension bridge system, comprising a saddle body, a saddle seat, characterized in that, The saddle is provided with a rotary groove, and the saddle body is provided with a swing shaft on the side facing the saddle. The swing shaft is embedded in the rotary groove and is coaxial with the rotary groove. Jacks are provided on both sides of the swing shaft. The jacks are used to push the saddle body and balance the cable force on both sides of the saddle by swinging the swing shaft.

2. The pendulum-type cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saddle body is provided with a base plate on its lower side, and the saddle body can slide relative to the base plate.

3. A swing-axis cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spring sleeve, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the saddle body and the saddle seat, respectively.

4. A swing-axis cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saddle is provided with a groove for mounting a jack, and the jack can slide within the groove.

5. A swing-axis cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A threaded steel bar is also provided between the saddle body and the saddle seat, and the threaded steel bar is used to fix the saddle body.

6. A swing-axis cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pulley is provided between the saddle body and the base plate, and the gap between the saddle body and the base plate is filled with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate. A track for the pulley to move is provided on the PTFE plate.

7. A swing-axis cable saddle for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, The jacks are connected by a limiting tube, which is used to limit the distance between the jacks.

8. A suspension bridge slewing system that facilitates the conversion of suspension bridge systems, characterized in that, include: Main cable saddle, which is set on the central axis of the anchorage; The cable saddles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the anchor's central axis; A parallel cable saddle, wherein the parallel cable saddle is located on the side of the saddle away from the main cable saddle; The cable saddle is selected from any one of the swing shaft type cable saddles described in claims 1 to 7.

9. A suspension bridge slewing system for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lines connecting the main cable entering and exiting the slewing system with the slewing saddle and the parallel cable saddle form a set of parallel lines.

10. A suspension bridge slewing system for easy conversion of suspension bridge systems according to claim 8, characterized in that, The saddle groove of the parallel cable saddle protrudes outward in an arc shape.

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