Solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium energy-gathering blasting device and method

Abstract

A solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium energy-gathering blasting device and method, the device: the outer contour section of the blasting pipe body is circular, the inner cavity section is elliptical, and two inner engraved lines are arranged on the inner surface, two outer engraved lines are arranged on the outer surface, and the inner and outer engraved lines on the same side form a group of energy-gathering positioning strips; holes, grooves or hole-groove combinations are arranged on the energy-gathering positioning strips; a pair of T-shaped clamping grooves are formed in the end of the blasting pipe body; the connecting clamping tenon is composed of two transverse clamping plates and a vertical connecting plate, and the upper transverse clamping plate is embedded in the clamping positioning groove; the blasting assembly is filled in the inner cavity of the blasting pipe body, and the blasting assembly is composed of multiple explosive charges and solid-liquid coupling media; the detonator is embedded in the interior of the explosive charge close to the front end; the lead wire is connected with the detonator, and the lower end penetrates out to the outside of the blasting pipe body. The method comprises the following steps: drilling a hole; loading the blasting device; loading the stemming; and detonating. The device and method have the advantages of simple blasting steps, easy operation, large blasting power and strong directional capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blasting technology, specifically relating to a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Targeted blasting has a wide range of applications in various engineering projects that require directional rock fracturing, such as mining, national defense, and subway systems. Currently, the main technologies used in these projects are bidirectional shaped tensile blasting and shaped hydraulic blasting.

[0003] Two-way shaped charge blasting achieves directional rock fracturing by concentrating energy in two directions. However, it suffers from several drawbacks associated with conventional blasting, such as generating significant amounts of dust, producing toxic gases, and experiencing noticeable power decay. Furthermore, the harsh working environment associated with this method is detrimental to worker health. Shaped hydraulic blasting, on the other hand, uses water as a coupling agent, resulting in increased blasting power compared to conventional methods. It also addresses issues such as the generation of harmful gases, noise, and dust during blasting. However, it still suffers from insufficient blasting power and the tendency for fractures to reclose after fracturing.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a blasting device and method that can solve the problems of harmful gases, noise and dust that are easily generated during the blasting process, while also having greater blasting power, better energy-concentrating effect, and effectively overcoming the problem of crack re-closure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device and method. This device has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and its on-site installation and adjustment process is convenient. It exhibits good shaped charge directional effect, large blasting energy, and a high safety factor. Simultaneously, it solves the problems of harmful gases, noise, and dust easily generated during the blasting process, while possessing greater blasting power, better shaped charge effect, and effectively overcoming the problem of crack re-closure. The method is simple in procedure, easy to operate, has large blasting power, and strong directional capability, which helps reduce the labor intensity of construction personnel. It also significantly improves the effect of directional blasting and enables precise control of the blasting energy release direction.

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device, including a blasting tube body, a connecting fastener, a blasting component, a detonator, and a lead wire;

[0007] The outer contour of the blasting tube is circular, and its inner cavity is elliptical. The wall thickness of the blasting tube gradually increases from the long axis to the short axis of the elliptical inner cavity, with the wall thickness being the greatest in the short axis direction. Two inner engravings are formed on opposite sides of the long axis of the inner cavity on the inner surface of the blasting tube, and two outer engravings are formed on the outer surface of the blasting tube corresponding to the two inner engravings. One inner engraving and one outer engraving on the same side form a set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Multiple energy-focusing holes, multiple energy-focusing slots, or multiple energy-focusing slot-hole combinations are evenly arranged on each set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Each energy-focusing slot-hole combination unit... The element consists of an energy-concentrating groove and an energy-concentrating hole spaced apart. A pair of T-shaped slots are provided at both ends of the blasting tube along its length. Each pair of T-shaped slots is distributed opposite each other at the same end of two sets of energy-concentrating positioning strips. Each T-shaped slot consists of a strip-shaped channel extending along the length of the energy-concentrating positioning strip and an arc-shaped channel extending radially. The outer end of the strip-shaped channel extends to the end of the blasting tube, and the arc-shaped channel extends radially symmetrically to opposite sides from the inner end of the strip-shaped channel. Between the two arc-shaped channels in a pair of T-shaped slots, a locking positioning channel is formed with symmetrical arc-shaped structures at both ends along the length direction and straight structures at both ends along the width direction.

[0008] The connecting tenon is I-shaped, consisting of two horizontally distributed interlocking plates and a vertical connecting plate fixedly connected between the two horizontally distributed interlocking plates. The horizontally distributed interlocking plates are strip-shaped structures, and their shape and size are adapted to the shape and size of the interlocking positioning groove. The height of the vertical connecting plate is greater than the length of the strip groove, and its length is consistent with the length of the center part of the horizontally distributed interlocking plates. Its thickness is adapted to the size of the strip groove. The horizontally distributed interlocking plate on the upper side of the connecting tenon is inserted into the interlocking positioning groove inside the blasting tube body through an arc-shaped groove on one side. Both ends of the horizontally distributed interlocking plate are fitted into the two arc-shaped grooves in a pair of T-shaped interlocking grooves along the positioning groove. The two ends of the vertical connecting plate in the length direction are respectively inserted into the two strip grooves in a pair of T-shaped interlocking grooves.

[0009] The blasting assembly is positioned and filled within the cavity of the blasting tube. The blasting assembly consists of multiple explosive sections and multiple fillers. The explosive sections are arranged adjacently or intermittently. When the explosive sections are adjacent, the fillers are divided into two groups of filler units, which are respectively filled on the outer sides of both ends of the explosive sections. When the explosive sections are intermittently arranged, the fillers are staggered with the explosive sections, with the two fillers at each end distributed on the outer sides of the two explosive sections at each end. Each filler consists of one or more sequentially adjacent solid-liquid medium support bags, the interior of which is filled with a solid-liquid mixed medium. The mass ratio of the solid medium to the liquid medium in the solid-liquid mixed medium is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4, and the strength of the solid medium is not less than 70 MPa.

[0010] The detonator is fixedly embedded inside a section of explosive near the front end;

[0011] The upper end of the lead wire is connected to the detonator, and its lower end extends through the gaps between the multiple sections of explosive and the blasting tube, and the gaps between the multiple fillers and the blasting tube, to the outside of the lower end of the blasting tube.

[0012] Furthermore, to ensure a safety factor when in contact with explosives, the outer circular diameter of the blasting tube is 6-8 mm smaller than the diameter of the borehole, and the blasting tube body is made of flame-retardant and antistatic materials, possessing flame-retardant and antistatic properties.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to better assist the blasting tube in linearly releasing energy along the etched lines during the blasting process, thereby maximizing the effect of directional blasting, the blasting hole is axially symmetric in shape, and can be circular, elliptical, rhomboid, or regular hexagonal. The longest axis of symmetry of the blasting hole is aligned with the length directions of the inner and outer etched lines. The longest axis of symmetry of the blasting hole is 1 / 7 to 1 / 11 of the outer diameter of the blasting tube. The distance between adjacent blasting holes is 3 to 5 times the longest axis of symmetry of the blasting hole. The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the blasting tube's inner cavity is between 16:9 and 4:3.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the blasting tube is 0.5 to 2 m.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the solid-liquid medium carrier bag is divided into two types in terms of its loading method: solid-liquid mixing type and solid-liquid separation type. In the solid-liquid mixing type, the liquid medium and solid medium in the solid-liquid medium carrier bag are mixed and assembled in the same bag body. In the solid-liquid separation type, the liquid medium and solid medium in the solid-liquid medium carrier bag are respectively assembled in two isolated spaces in the same bag body.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid medium in the solid-liquid mixture is water or a brine solution with added inorganic salts.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the solid medium in the solid-liquid mixture is a high-strength particulate solid material.

[0018] In this invention, the inner cavity of the blasting tube, which has a circular outer contour, is elliptical. This ensures that the wall thickness on opposite sides along the minor axis is significantly greater than that on opposite sides along the major axis, thus facilitating the use of the opposite sidewalls along the major axis as the shaped charge direction for subsequent blasting. The circular contour also makes adjusting the shaped charge tube's orientation more convenient. Since the shaped charge tube requires orientation adjustment during use, the circular contour allows for smoother adjustments, avoiding the jamming that might occur with the elliptical contour during rotation. Furthermore, it prevents the shaped charge tube from spinning due to unbalanced torque when tilted after adjustment, resulting in a more accurate orientation of the adjusted shaped charge tube. Simultaneously, a pair of inner engravings are formed on the inner surface along the long axis, and a pair of outer engravings are formed on the outer surface. The inner and outer engravings on the same side form a set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Multiple energy-focusing holes are evenly distributed along the length of each set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Furthermore, the blasting tube's wall thickness is gradually varying and unequal. This design allows for a more concentrated energy output during the explosion and a more linear energy distribution along the focusing direction, ultimately ensuring the directional blasting effect of the energy-focusing tube. The elliptical inner cavity guides the blast wave and blast gas generated by the explosion towards the long axis where energy needs to be focused, resulting in a stronger impact on the rock and a deeper fracture. This also significantly enhances the tensile strength; furthermore, this structure provides more tensile breaking energy. The elliptical inner cavity makes the energy distribution perpendicular to the energy-gathering direction (i.e., the short axis direction) more uniform, and adjusts energy that would not normally act on tensile breaking to the short axis direction, reducing the energy that cancels each other out due to dispersion and allowing it to participate in the directional rock breaking process. On the other hand, it can prevent fractures from occurring on opposite sides of the long axis direction during blasting, thus effectively protecting the surrounding rock outside the energy-gathering direction while achieving directional energy-gathering blasting. This helps ensure the integrity of the surrounding rock mass while providing more sufficient energy for the tensioning of directional fractures. At the same time, it facilitates the wedging of the high-speed ejected solid coupling medium and the small-diameter rock mass formed after the fracture into the fracture network generated by the blasting, thereby effectively supporting the fracture network and maintaining its open state. A pair of T-shaped slots are provided at the ends of the blasting tube body, opposite to each other at the same end of the two sets of shaped charge positioning strips. This allows for easy connection of the connecting tenons at the ends of the blasting tube body by snapping them in. When the connecting tenons are connected to the lower end of the blasting tube body, the position and angle of the blasting tube body can be easily adjusted using the connecting tenons. This ensures that the overall device is more stable during placement and is less prone to slippage. At the same time, it also makes it easier to remove the entire device during repeated construction operations. For example, in the case of a dud, when the blasting device needs to be removed, the entire device can be removed without touching the blasting tube body, improving the safety factor during the operation.Because the connecting tenon has an I-shaped structure, one connecting tenon can connect two blasting tubes, one above the other, thus facilitating the cascading connection of multiple blasting tubes. This effectively prevents the lower blasting tube from detaching from the upper one due to gravity during adjustment when placing the blasting device in a downward-facing borehole. The shape and size of the horizontal locking plate in the connecting tenon are matched to the shape and size of the locking positioning groove formed between the two arc-shaped channels in a pair of T-shaped slots. Simultaneously, the thickness of the vertical connecting block is matched to the size of the strip-shaped sliding groove. This allows the horizontal and vertical connecting plates in the connecting tenon to slide into the interior of the blasting tube from the arc-shaped and strip-shaped channels on one side of the tube's exterior. It also ensures that after being fully embedded in the pair of T-shaped slots, the outer contour of the connecting tenon remains consistent with the outer contour of the blasting tube, preventing interference during insertion into the borehole due to protrusions. The blasting assembly incorporates a filler composed of a solid-liquid medium. On one hand, the added liquid medium significantly enhances the energy transfer rate during blasting, while also better absorbing the heat generated after the explosion. This effectively prevents excessive heat from causing open flames and other potential hazards. Furthermore, the liquid medium effectively absorbs dust and toxic gases produced during blasting and reduces vibration and impact, thus improving the working environment and increasing efficiency. On the other hand, the solid medium allows the explosive to draw significant energy from the blast, enabling high-speed impact on the rock. This high-speed impact causes greater damage to the rock and creates deeper cracks. After rock fracturing and cracking, high-speed ejected solid media can be wedged into the cracks generated during the explosion. This solid media acts as a proppant to effectively maintain the crack's open state, preventing it from closing under surrounding rock pressure. Furthermore, it improves the connectivity between directional cracks generated in different boreholes and contributes to a smoother and more complete profile surface. Finally, the addition of solid and liquid media to the blasting assembly allows them to act as coupling media with the air in the borehole and device gaps, forming a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium. This medium significantly amplifies the energy generated by the blast and increases the transmission efficiency of the vibration waves. A mass ratio of 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 between solid and liquid media in the solid-liquid mixture yields the best blasting effect. Maintaining a solid medium strength of at least 70 MPa allows for optimal dynamic impact force and crack-prevention capabilities at a lower cost, further improving blasting performance while considering cost.In the presence of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, during an explosion, in addition to the high-pressure gas and high-pressure liquid that absorb a large amount of energy impacting the rock mass at high speed, there is also a high-speed ejection of solid medium impacting and fracturing the rock mass. The "gas wedge" formed by the high-pressure gas flow and the "liquid wedge" formed by the high-pressure liquid, together with the high-speed granular solid medium, will destroy the rock mass, thus facilitating a greater impact force and promoting the formation of deeper directional cracks. Therefore, with the presence of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, the impact of the blasting device on the surrounding area is greatly enhanced compared to shaped charge hydraulic blasting. Furthermore, based on the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, combined with the energy-directing effect of the blasting energy-concentrating grooves and energy-concentrating holes on the blasting tube, disordered energy can be better converted into ordered energy. This amplified energy can then be directed towards the energy-concentrating direction and ejected at a higher rate along that direction, making the blasting energy more concentrated and its utilization rate higher. Solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting utilizes a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium for energy transfer. In particular, the addition of high-strength solid particles can significantly improve the blasting power. According to field tests, it can reduce the amount of explosives used by more than 22% compared to traditional shaped charge blasting. Compared with traditional shaped charge blasting, which mainly relies on detonation waves and high-energy gas rock-breaking effects, this technology adds the rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by solid medium) + high-pressure water jet (generated by liquid medium)". Compared with traditional shaped charge hydraulic blasting, this technology adds the rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by solid medium)". In addition, high-strength solid particles can also maintain the fractured state.

[0019] The device has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and is convenient to install and adjust on site. It has a good energy-focusing and directional effect, large blasting energy, and a high safety factor. At the same time, it can solve the problems of harmful gases, noise and dust that are easily generated during the blasting process, and has a greater blasting power and a better energy-focusing effect. It can also effectively overcome the problem of cracks reclosing.

[0020] This invention also provides a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting method, employing a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Drill holes at predetermined locations in the rock mass according to the pre-designed plan;

[0022] Step 2: Calculate the number of solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices required based on the location and size of the borehole;

[0023] Step 3: Insert one or more solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices into the borehole. When inserting multiple solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices, use the connecting latch at the lower end of the previous solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device to connect the upper end of the next adjacent solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device. Lead the lead wire in each solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device out of the borehole to form an extended blasting device.

[0024] Step 4: Connect the fuse to the detonation device as needed;

[0025] Step 5: Rotate the connecting latch at the bottom to adjust the orientation of the two rows of energy-concentrating positioning strips on the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium energy-concentrating blasting device, so that they are aligned with the direction of the energy-concentrating blasting required.

[0026] Step Six: Use stemming material to seal the borehole on the outside of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device;

[0027] Step Seven: After confirming that all personnel at the blasting face have been evacuated to a safe area, detonate the blasting device using a detonator. During the blasting process, the added solid and liquid media, along with the air in the borehole pores, serve as a coupling medium to form a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium. This three-phase coupling medium enhances the energy generated by the blast. The solid and liquid media absorb a large amount of explosive energy and directly impact the rock mass. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion further impacts the rock mass. The high-speed particle solid media, the high-pressure gas flow forming a gas wedge, and the high-pressure liquid forming a liquid wedge all work together to impact the rock mass. Simultaneously, shaped charge positioning strips and shaped charge holes or shaped charge grooves are used. Alternatively, the energy-concentrating effect of the energy-focusing slot combination unit can transform and integrate the disordered energy during blasting into ordered energy, concentrating it in the energy-focusing direction. This causes the enhanced blasting energy to be emitted along the energy-focusing direction, producing a directional impact on the rock and forming deeper directional cracks. During this process, the characteristic of the blasting tube to fracture only in the energy-focusing direction without breaking apart is utilized to protect the surrounding rock outside the energy-focusing direction. This ensures the integrity of the surrounding rock mass while providing more sufficient energy for the tensioning of directional cracks. It also causes the high-speed, small-diameter rock mass and high-speed particle solid medium formed after the failure to wed into the crack network generated by the blasting, acting as a proppant to maintain the open state of the crack network. This prevents the crack network from closing under the pressure of the surrounding rock, further ensuring better connectivity of directional cracks between different boreholes.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to better absorb the harmful gases, noise and dust generated during the explosion, and at the same time to better mitigate the shock wave, in step four, one or more solid-liquid medium carrying bags are filled in the outermost solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device in the borehole.

[0029] This method utilizes a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium for energy transfer. In particular, the addition of high-strength solid particles significantly enhances the blasting power, reducing explosive usage by more than 22% compared to traditional blasting, according to field tests. Compared to traditional shaped charge blasting, which primarily relies on detonation waves and high-energy gas rock-breaking action, this technology adds a rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by the solid medium) + high-pressure water jet (generated by the liquid medium)." Furthermore, the high-strength solid particles can maintain the fractured state. This method is simple to operate, produces high blasting power, and has strong directional control, reducing the labor intensity of construction workers. It also significantly improves the effectiveness of directional blasting and allows for precise control of the blasting energy release direction. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rupture tube body in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The main view;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Side view;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting tenon in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The main view;

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Side view;

[0037] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Top view;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention for assembling a single solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device (solid-liquid hybrid type) in a borehole;

[0039] Figure 10This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-cascaded solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device (solid-liquid hybrid type) assembled in a borehole.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling a single solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling multiple cascaded solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling a single solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling multiple cascaded solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling a single solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 3 ;

[0045] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Sectional view along the middle AA direction;

[0046] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which involves assembling multiple cascaded solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices (solid-liquid separation type) in a borehole. Figure 3 ;

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the force distribution within the internal cavity of the rupture tube in this invention;

[0048] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of directional rock breaking using solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting in this invention.

[0049] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of multiple energy-concentrating grooves on the blasting tube body in this invention;

[0050] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram showing the staggered distribution of multiple energy-concentrating grooves and multiple energy-concentrating holes on the blasting tube body in this invention.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Solid-liquid medium container bag, 2. Solid-liquid mixed medium, 3. Blasting tube body, 4. Detonator, 5. Explosive, 6. Fuse, 7. Focusing hole, 8. Screw, 9. Connecting latch, 10. Horizontal locking plate, 11. Vertical connecting plate, 12. Strip channel, 13. T-shaped slot, 14. Arc-shaped channel, 15. Solid medium, 16. Liquid medium, 17. Inner engraving line, 18. Outer engraving line, 19. Gas coupling medium - air, 20. Focusing slot. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 21 As shown, the present invention provides a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device, including a blasting tube body 3, a connecting fastener 9, a blasting component, a detonator 4, and a lead wire 6;

[0054] The outer contour of the blasting tube 3 is circular, and its inner cavity is elliptical. The wall thickness of the blasting tube 3 gradually increases from the long axis of the elliptical inner cavity to its short axis, and the wall thickness is the greatest in the short axis direction. The inner surface of the blasting tube 3 has two inner engraving lines 17 on opposite sides along the long axis of the inner cavity, and the outer surface of the blasting tube 3 has two outer engraving lines 18 on opposite sides at the corresponding positions of the two inner engraving lines 17. One inner engraving line 17 and one outer engraving line 18 on the same side form a set of energy-concentrating positioning strips. The blasting tube 3 has multiple energy-concentrating holes 7 or multiple energy-concentrating grooves 20 or multiple energy-concentrating groove-hole combination units evenly arranged on each set of energy-concentrating positioning strips. Each energy-concentrating groove-hole combination unit consists of an energy-concentrating groove 20 and an energy-concentrating hole 7 distributed at intervals.

[0055] When multiple energy-concentrating holes 7 are set only in each group of energy-concentrating positioning strips of the blasting tube body 3, a "point" energy-concentrating technology is formed. The energy generated during blasting is concentrated and impacts the rock mass in the form of "points" through these small holes (energy-concentrating holes 7).

[0056] When multiple energy-concentrating grooves 29 are set only in each group of energy-concentrating positioning strips of the blasting pipe body 3, a "linear" energy-concentrating technology is formed. The energy generated during blasting is concentrated and impacts the rock mass in a "straight line" through the strip grooves on the pipe wall.

[0057] When multiple energy-concentrating grooves 29 and multiple energy-concentrating holes 7 are simultaneously set in each group of energy-concentrating positioning strips of the blasting tube body 3, the combination of "energy-concentrating holes + tube wall grooving" forms a "point-line" combined energy-concentrating technology, which can simultaneously absorb the advantages of "point" type energy concentration and "line" type processing convenience.

[0058] Based on actual test results, the "point-type" energy focusing effect is the best. Therefore, the present invention preferably uses the energy focusing hole 7 for directional energy focusing.

[0059] The blasting tube body 3 has a pair of T-shaped slots 13 at both ends along its length. Each pair of T-shaped slots 13 is distributed opposite to each other at the same end of two sets of shaped energy positioning strips. Each T-shaped slot 13 consists of a strip-shaped channel 12 extending along the length of the shaped energy positioning strip and an arc-shaped channel 14 extending radially. The outer end of the strip-shaped channel 12 extends to the end of the blasting tube body 3, and the arc-shaped channel 14 extends radially symmetrically to the opposite sides from the inner end of the strip-shaped channel 12. Between the two arc-shaped channels 14 in a pair of T-shaped slots 13, a locking positioning channel is formed with symmetrical arc-shaped structures at both ends along the length direction and straight structures at both ends along the width direction.

[0060] The connecting tenon 9 is I-shaped, consisting of two horizontally oppositely distributed interlocking plates 10 and a vertically connected connecting plate 11 fixedly connected between the two horizontally opposite interlocking plates 10. Specifically, the two horizontally opposite interlocking plates 10 are arranged vertically, and the two ends of the vertically connected plate 11 in the height direction are fixedly connected to the center area of ​​the opposite end face of the two horizontally opposite interlocking plates 10. The horizontally opposite interlocking plates 10 are strip-shaped structures, and their shape and size are adapted to the shape and size of the interlocking positioning groove. The length of the horizontally opposite interlocking plate 10 is equal to the distance between the two arc-shaped channels 14 in the pair of T-shaped slots 13, and its two ends in the length direction are arc-shaped structures adapted to the two arc-shaped channels 14 in the pair of T-shaped slots 13. Both sides of the horizontal connecting plate 10 are straight, and the width of the horizontal connecting plate 10 is 6-8 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the blasting tube body 3. Its thickness is adapted to the width of the arc-shaped channel 14. The height of the vertical connecting plate 11 is greater than the length of the strip channel 12. Its length is consistent with the length of the center part of the horizontal connecting plate 10. Its thickness is adapted to the size of the strip channel 12. The horizontal connecting plate 10 on the upper side of the connecting tenon 9 is inserted into the connecting positioning channel inside the blasting tube body 3 through the arc-shaped channel 14 on one side. Both ends of the horizontal connecting plate 10 are fitted into the two arc-shaped channels 14 in a pair of T-shaped slots 13 along the positioning. The two ends of the vertical connecting plate 11 in the length direction are respectively inserted into the two strip channels 12 in a pair of T-shaped slots 13.

[0061] The blasting assembly is positioned and filled inside the blasting tube 3. The blasting assembly consists of multiple sections of explosive 5 and multiple fillers. The multiple sections of explosive 5 are arranged adjacently or alternately. When the multiple sections of explosive 5 are arranged adjacently, the multiple fillers are divided into two groups of filler units, which are respectively filled on the outer sides of both ends of the multiple sections of explosive 5. When the multiple sections of explosive 5 are arranged alternately, the multiple fillers are arranged in an alternating pattern with the multiple sections of explosive 5, and the two fillers at both ends are distributed on the outer sides of the two sections of explosive 5 located at both ends. Each filler consists of one or more... The system consists of a series of adjacent solid-liquid medium support bags 1, each filled with a solid-liquid mixed medium 2. To ensure optimal blasting power, the mass ratio of solid medium 15 to liquid medium 16 in the solid-liquid mixed medium 2 is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4. The greater the strength of the solid medium 15, the greater the dynamic impact capability during blasting. Considering cost, the strength of the solid medium 15 is not less than 70 MPa. Thus, the most ideal dynamic impact force and the ability to prevent crack closure can be obtained at a lower cost.

[0062] When loading explosive 5, the quantity can be adjusted according to the length of the blasting tube 3 or the depth of the borehole, and can be placed alternately with the solid-liquid medium container bag 1 as needed. Usually, one solid-liquid medium container bag 1 is loaded after every two to three sections of explosive 5 are loaded.

[0063] The detonator 4 is fixedly embedded inside a section of explosive 5 near the front end;

[0064] The upper end of the lead wire 6 is connected to the detonator 4, and its lower end extends out to the outside of the lower end of the blasting tube 3 through the gap between the multiple sections of explosive 5 and the blasting tube 3, and the gap between the multiple fillers and the blasting tube 3.

[0065] To ensure a safety factor when in contact with explosives, the outer circular diameter of the blasting tube 3 is 6-8 mm smaller than the diameter of the borehole. The blasting tube 3 is made of flame-retardant and antistatic materials, possessing flame-retardant and antistatic properties. As a further preferred option, the blasting tube 3 can be made of PVC material.

[0066] The purpose of selecting an axisymmetric energy-concentrating hole is to coordinate with the scribe lines to better assist the blasting tube in linearly releasing energy along the scribe line direction, thereby maximizing the directional energy-concentrating blasting effect. The energy-concentrating hole 7 is axisymmetric in shape, and can be circular, elliptical, rhomboid, or regular hexagonal, etc. The longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole 7 is consistent with the length direction of the inner scribe line 17 and the outer scribe line 18. The longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole 7 is 1 / 7 to 1 / 11 of the outer contour diameter of the blasting tube 3, and the distance between adjacent energy-concentrating holes 7 is 3 to 5 times the longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole 7. The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the inner cavity of the blasting tube 3 is between 16:9 and 4:3.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the blasting tube 3 is 0.5–2 m. As a further preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the blasting tube 3 is 6–8 mm smaller than the diameter of the borehole.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the solid-liquid medium carrier bag 1 can be configured in two ways: a solid-liquid mixing type and a solid-liquid separation type. In the solid-liquid mixing type, the liquid medium 16 and solid medium 15 are mixed and assembled in the same bag body. This method is relatively complex to operate, but it utilizes the impact generated during the explosion to ensure more thorough mixing of the solid and liquid media. In the solid-liquid separation type, the liquid medium 16 and solid medium 15 are separately assembled in two isolated spaces within the same bag body. This solid-liquid separation method is simpler to operate and allows for more flexible adjustment of the solid to liquid media ratio. For the solid-liquid separation type, the solid medium 15 can be positioned around the liquid medium 16 during assembly, such as... Figures 11 to 14 As shown, two sets of solid media 15 can also be symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the liquid medium 16, such as... Figures 15 to 17 As shown.

[0069] As a preferred option, the liquid medium in the solid-liquid mixture 2 is water or a brine solution with added inorganic salts. There are various choices for the liquid medium, ranging from the simplest water or brine solution with added inorganic salts, to the addition of other components that assist in rock fracturing or help mitigate harmful factors generated by the explosion. For example, water with added sodium silicate can be used, which can both promote the complete reaction of nitrates generated by the explosion to produce harmless gases and also have a certain corrosive effect on the rock, enhancing the destructive effect. The main purpose of adding the liquid medium is to increase the energy transfer rate of the explosion. Compared with gaseous media, liquid media have the advantages of being less compressible, having a higher density, and experiencing less energy loss during energy transmission. The liquid medium can also better absorb the heat generated after the explosion, thus preventing the formation of open flames due to excessive heat and other potential hazards. Furthermore, the liquid medium can absorb dust and toxic gases generated by the explosion, reducing vibration, improving the working environment, and increasing work efficiency.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the solid medium in the solid-liquid mixture 2 is a high-strength granular solid material.

[0071] In this invention, the inner cavity of the blasting tube, which has a circular outer contour, is elliptical. This ensures that the wall thickness on opposite sides along the minor axis is significantly greater than that on opposite sides along the major axis, thus facilitating the use of the opposite sidewalls along the major axis as the shaped charge direction for subsequent blasting. The circular contour also makes adjusting the shaped charge tube's orientation more convenient. Since the shaped charge tube requires orientation adjustment during use, the circular contour allows for smoother adjustments, avoiding the jamming that might occur with the elliptical contour during rotation. Furthermore, it prevents the shaped charge tube from spinning due to unbalanced torque when tilted after adjustment, resulting in a more accurate orientation of the adjusted shaped charge tube. Simultaneously, a pair of inner engravings are formed on the inner surface along the long axis, and a pair of outer engravings are formed on the outer surface. The inner and outer engravings on the same side form a set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Multiple energy-focusing holes are evenly distributed along the length of each set of energy-focusing positioning strips. Furthermore, the blasting tube's wall thickness is gradually varying and unequal. This design allows for a more concentrated energy output during the explosion and a more linear energy distribution along the focusing direction, ultimately ensuring the directional blasting effect of the energy-focusing tube. The elliptical inner cavity guides the blast wave and blast gas generated by the explosion towards the long axis where energy needs to be focused, resulting in a stronger impact on the rock and a deeper fracture. This also significantly enhances the tensile strength; furthermore, this structure provides more tensile breaking energy. The elliptical inner cavity makes the energy distribution perpendicular to the energy-gathering direction (i.e., the short axis direction) more uniform, and adjusts energy that would not normally act on tensile breaking to the short axis direction, reducing the energy that cancels out due to dispersion and allowing it to participate in the directional rock-breaking process. On the other hand, it can cause fractures only on opposite sides in the long axis direction during blasting without overall fragmentation. This allows for effective protection of the surrounding rock outside the energy-gathering direction while achieving directional energy-gathering blasting, ensuring the integrity of the surrounding rock mass and providing more sufficient energy for the tensioning of directional fractures. At the same time, it facilitates the wedging of high-speed ejected solid particles and small-diameter rock masses formed after fracture into the fracture network generated by the blast, thereby effectively supporting the fracture network and maintaining its open state. A pair of T-shaped slots are provided at the ends of the blasting tube body, opposite to each other at the same end of the two sets of shaped charge positioning strips. This allows for easy connection of the connecting tenons at the ends of the blasting tube body by snapping them in. When the connecting tenons are connected to the lower end of the blasting tube body, the position and angle of the blasting tube body can be easily adjusted using the connecting tenons. This ensures that the overall device is more stable during placement and is less prone to slippage. At the same time, it also makes it easier to remove the entire device during repeated construction operations. For example, in the case of a dud, when the blasting device needs to be removed, the entire device can be removed without touching the blasting tube body, improving the safety factor during the operation.Because the connecting tenon has an I-shaped structure, one connecting tenon can connect two blasting tubes, one above the other, thus facilitating the cascading connection of multiple blasting tubes. This effectively prevents the lower blasting tube from detaching from the upper one due to gravity during adjustment when placing the blasting device in a downward-facing borehole. The shape and size of the horizontal locking plate in the connecting tenon are matched to the shape and size of the locking positioning groove formed between the two arc-shaped channels in a pair of T-shaped slots. Simultaneously, the thickness of the vertical connecting block is matched to the size of the strip-shaped sliding groove. This allows the horizontal and vertical connecting plates in the connecting tenon to slide into the interior of the blasting tube from the arc-shaped and strip-shaped channels on one side of the tube's exterior. It also ensures that after being fully embedded in the pair of T-shaped slots, the outer contour of the connecting tenon remains consistent with the outer contour of the blasting tube, preventing interference during insertion into the borehole due to protrusions. The blasting assembly incorporates a filler composed of a solid-liquid medium. On one hand, the added liquid medium significantly enhances the energy transfer rate during blasting, while also better absorbing the heat generated after the explosion. This effectively prevents excessive heat from causing open flames and other potential hazards. Furthermore, the liquid medium effectively absorbs dust and toxic gases produced during blasting and reduces vibration and impact, thus improving the working environment and increasing efficiency. On the other hand, the solid medium allows the explosive to draw significant energy from the blast, enabling high-speed impact on the rock. This high-speed impact causes greater damage to the rock and creates deeper cracks. After rock fracturing and cracking, high-speed ejected solid media can be wedged into the cracks generated during the explosion. This solid media acts as a proppant to effectively maintain the crack's open state, preventing it from closing under surrounding rock pressure. Furthermore, it improves the connectivity between directional cracks generated in different boreholes and contributes to a smoother and more complete profile surface. Finally, the addition of solid and liquid media to the blasting assembly allows them to act as coupling media with the air in the borehole and device gaps, forming a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium. This medium significantly amplifies the energy generated by the blast and increases the transmission efficiency of the vibration waves. A mass ratio of 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 between solid and liquid media in the solid-liquid mixture yields the best blasting effect. Maintaining a solid medium strength of at least 70 MPa allows for optimal dynamic impact force and crack-prevention capabilities at a lower cost, further improving blasting performance while considering cost.In the presence of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, during an explosion, in addition to the high-pressure gas and high-pressure liquid that absorb a large amount of energy impacting the rock mass at high speed, there is also a high-speed ejection of solid medium impacting and fracturing the rock mass. The "gas wedge" formed by the high-pressure gas flow and the "liquid wedge" formed by the high-pressure liquid, together with the high-speed granular solid medium, will destroy the rock mass, thus facilitating a greater impact force and promoting the formation of deeper directional cracks. Therefore, with the presence of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, the impact of the blasting device on the surrounding area is greatly enhanced compared to shaped charge hydraulic blasting. Furthermore, based on the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, combined with the energy-directing effect of the blasting energy-concentrating grooves and energy-concentrating holes on the blasting tube, disordered energy can be better converted into ordered energy. This amplified energy can then be directed towards the energy-concentrating direction and ejected at a higher rate along that direction, making the blasting energy more concentrated and its utilization rate higher. Solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting utilizes a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium for energy transfer. In particular, the addition of high-strength solid particles can significantly improve the blasting power. According to field tests, it can reduce the amount of explosives used by more than 22% compared to traditional shaped charge blasting. Compared with traditional shaped charge blasting, which mainly relies on detonation waves and high-energy gas rock-breaking effects, this technology adds the rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by solid medium) + high-pressure water jet (generated by liquid medium)". Compared with traditional shaped charge hydraulic blasting, this technology adds the rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by solid medium)". In addition, high-strength solid particles can also maintain the fractured state.

[0072] The device has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and is convenient to install and adjust on site. It has a good energy-focusing and directional effect, large blasting energy, and a high safety factor. At the same time, it can solve the problems of harmful gases, noise and dust that are easily generated during the blasting process, and has a greater blasting power and a better energy-focusing effect. It can also effectively overcome the problem of cracks reclosing.

[0073] like Figures 9 to 19 As shown, the present invention also provides a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting method, which employs a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device, including the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Drill holes at predetermined locations in the rock mass according to the pre-designed plan;

[0075] Step 2: Calculate the number of solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices required based on the location and size of the borehole;

[0076] Step 3: Insert one or more solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices into the borehole. When inserting multiple solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices, use the connecting latch 9 at the lower end of the previous solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device to connect the upper end of the next adjacent solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device. Lead wire 6 in each solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device is led out from the borehole to form an extended blasting device.

[0077] Step 4: Connect lead 6 to the detonation device as needed;

[0078] Step 5: Rotate the connecting latch 9 at the bottom to adjust the orientation of the two rows of energy-concentrating positioning strips on the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium energy-concentrating blasting device, so that they are aligned with the direction of the energy-concentrating blasting required.

[0079] Step Six: Use stemming mud 8 to seal the borehole on the outside of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device;

[0080] Step 7: After confirming that all personnel at the blasting face have been evacuated to a safe area, detonate the blasting device using fuse 6. During the blasting process, utilize the added solid and liquid media, combined with the air in the borehole voids ( Figure 16 The gas coupling medium (air 19) shown in the diagram serves as the coupling medium, forming a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium. This three-phase coupling medium enhances the energy generated by the blast. The solid and liquid media absorb a large amount of explosive energy and directly impact the rock mass. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion further impacts the rock mass. Furthermore, the high-speed particle solid medium, the high-pressure gas flow forming a gas wedge, and the high-pressure liquid forming a liquid wedge all contribute to the impact on the rock mass. Simultaneously, the energy-focusing positioning strip and the energy-focusing holes 7, 20, or combinations thereof are used to focus the disordered energy generated during the blast. The energy is transformed and integrated into an ordered energy source and concentrated in the energy-focusing direction, causing the enhanced blasting energy to be emitted along the energy-focusing direction and produce a directional impact on the rock, forming deeper directional cracks. During this process, the characteristic of the blasting tube 3 to fracture but not break only in the energy-focusing direction is utilized to protect the surrounding rock outside the energy-focusing direction. This ensures the integrity of the surrounding rock mass while providing more sufficient energy for the tensioning of the directional cracks. It also causes the high-speed small-diameter rock mass and high-speed particle solid medium formed after the destruction to wedge into the crack network generated by the blasting, acting as a proppant to maintain the open state of the crack network, so that the crack network will not close under the pressure of the surrounding rock, further ensuring better connectivity of directional cracks between different boreholes.

[0081] In order to better absorb the harmful gases, noise and dust generated during the explosion, and to better mitigate the shock wave, in step four, one or more solid-liquid medium carrying bags are filled in the outermost solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device in the borehole.

[0082] This method utilizes a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium for energy transfer. In particular, the addition of high-strength solid particles significantly enhances the blasting power, reducing explosive usage by more than 22% compared to traditional blasting, according to field tests. Compared to traditional shaped charge blasting, which primarily relies on detonation waves and high-energy gas rock-breaking action, this technology adds a rock-breaking effect of "high-speed particle impact (generated by the solid medium) + high-pressure water jet (generated by the liquid medium)." Furthermore, the high-strength solid particles can maintain the fractured state. This method is simple to operate, produces high blasting power, and has strong directional control, reducing the labor intensity of construction workers. It also significantly improves the effectiveness of directional blasting and allows for precise control of the blasting energy release direction.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device, comprising a blasting tube (3), characterized in that, It also includes a connecting clip (9), a blasting assembly, a detonator (4), and a lead wire (6); The outer contour of the blasting tube (3) is circular, and its inner cavity is elliptical. The wall thickness of the blasting tube (3) gradually increases from the long axis of the elliptical inner cavity to its short axis, and the wall thickness is the greatest in the short axis direction. The inner surface of the blasting tube (3) has two inner engraving lines (17) on opposite sides of the long axis of the inner cavity, and the outer surface of the blasting tube (3) has two outer engraving lines (18) on opposite sides of the two inner engraving lines (17). One inner engraving line (17) and one outer engraving line (18) on the same side form a set of energy-concentrating positioning strips. The blasting tube (3) has multiple energy-concentrating holes (7) or multiple energy-concentrating grooves (20) or multiple energy-concentrating groove-hole combination units evenly arranged on each set of energy-concentrating positioning strips. Each energy-concentrating groove-hole combination unit is composed of spaced-apart sections. The device consists of a shaped energy groove (20) and a shaped energy hole (7); the blasting tube body (3) has a pair of T-shaped slots (13) at both ends in the length direction. Each pair of T-shaped slots (13) is distributed at the same end of two sets of shaped energy positioning strips. Each T-shaped slot (13) consists of a strip channel (12) extending along the length direction of the shaped energy positioning strip and an arc channel (14) extending radially. The outer end of the strip channel (12) extends to the end of the blasting tube body (3). The arc channel (14) extends radially symmetrically from the inner end of the strip channel (12) to the opposite sides. Between the two arc channels (14) in a pair of T-shaped slots (13), a locking positioning channel is formed with a symmetrical arc structure at both ends in the length direction and a straight structure at both ends in the width direction. The connecting tenon (9) is I-shaped, consisting of two horizontally distributed interlocking plates (10) and a vertically connected plate (11) fixedly connected between the two horizontally distributed interlocking plates (10). The horizontally distributed interlocking plates (10) are strip-shaped structures, and their shape and size are adapted to the shape and size of the interlocking positioning channel. The height of the vertically connected plate (11) is greater than the length of the strip channel (12), and its length is consistent with the length of the center part of the horizontally distributed interlocking plates (10). Its thickness is adapted to the size of the strip channel (12). The horizontally distributed interlocking plate (11) on the upper side of the connecting tenon (9) is I-shaped. 0) The arc-shaped channel (14) on one side is inserted into the snap-fit ​​positioning channel inside the blasting tube body (3), and the two ends of its horizontal snap-fit ​​plate (10) are fitted into the two arc-shaped channels (14) in a pair of T-shaped slots (13) along the positioning, and the two ends of its vertical connecting plate (11) in the length direction are respectively inserted into the two strip channels (12) in a pair of T-shaped slots (13); after the connecting tenon (9) is fully embedded in a pair of T-shaped slots, its outer contour is consistent with the outer contour of the blasting tube body; the connecting tenon (9) is used to adjust the orientation of the two rows of energy-concentrating positioning strips by rotating after the blasting tube body is installed in the drill hole; The blasting assembly is positioned and filled in the inner cavity of the blasting tube (3). The blasting assembly consists of multiple explosive sections (5) and multiple fillers. The multiple explosive sections (5) are arranged adjacently or alternately. When the multiple explosive sections (5) are arranged adjacently, the multiple fillers are divided into two groups of filler units. The two groups of filler units are respectively filled on the outer sides of the two ends of the multiple explosive sections (5). When the multiple explosive sections (5) are arranged alternately, the multiple fillers are arranged in an alternating manner with the multiple explosive sections (5), and the two fillers at the two ends are distributed on the outer sides of the two explosive sections (5) at the two ends. Each filler consists of one or more solid-liquid medium support bags (1) arranged in sequence. The solid-liquid medium support bag (1) is filled with a solid-liquid mixed medium (2). The mass ratio between the solid medium (15) and the liquid medium (16) in the solid-liquid mixed medium (2) is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4, and the strength of the solid medium (15) is not less than 70 MPa. The detonator (4) is fixedly embedded inside a section of explosive (5) near the front end; The upper end of the lead wire (6) is connected to the detonator (4), and its lower end extends out to the outside of the lower end of the blasting tube (3) through the gap between the multiple explosive sections (5) and the blasting tube body (3) and the gap between the multiple fillers and the blasting tube body (3). The outer circular diameter of the blasting tube (3) is 6-8 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole. The blasting tube (3) is made of flame-retardant and antistatic materials and has flame-retardant and antistatic properties. The energy-concentrating hole (7) is axially symmetric in shape, and can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a rhomboid hole, or a regular hexagonal hole. The direction of the longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole (7) is consistent with the length direction of the inner engraving line (17) and the outer engraving line (18). The longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole (7) is 1 / 7 to 1 / 11 of the outer contour diameter of the blasting tube body (3). The distance between adjacent energy-concentrating holes (7) is 3 to 5 times the longest axis of symmetry of the energy-concentrating hole (7). The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the inner cavity of the blasting tube body (3) is between 16:9 and 4:

3. The length of the blasting tube (3) is 0.5 to 2 m; The liquid medium (16) and solid medium (15) in the solid-liquid medium carrier bag (1) are mixed and assembled in the same bag body; The liquid medium in the solid-liquid mixture (2) is water or salt water with added inorganic salts; The solid medium in the solid-liquid mixture (2) is a high-strength granular solid material.

2. A method for shaped charge blasting using a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium, employing the shaped charge blasting device for a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Drill holes at predetermined locations in the rock mass according to the pre-designed plan; Step 2: Calculate the number of solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices required based on the location and size of the borehole; Step 3: Install one or more solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices into the borehole. When installing multiple solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting devices, use the connecting tenon (9) at the lower end of the previous solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device to connect the upper end of the next adjacent solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device. Lead wires (6) in each solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device are led out from the borehole to form an extended blasting device. Step 4: Connect the lead wire (6) to the detonation device as needed; Step 5: Rotate the connecting latch (9) at the bottom to adjust the orientation of the two rows of energy-concentrating positioning strips on the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium energy-concentrating blasting device so that they are aligned with the direction of the energy-concentrating blasting required. Step 6: Use stemming mud (8) to seal the borehole on the outside of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device; Step 7: After confirming that all personnel at the blasting face have been evacuated to a safe area, the blasting device is detonated by the detonator (6). During the blasting process, the added solid and liquid media, together with the air in the borehole, serve as the coupling medium to form a solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium. The energy generated by the blasting is enhanced by the solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupling medium. The solid and liquid media absorb a large amount of explosive energy and directly impact the rock mass. At the same time, the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion further impacts the rock mass. The high-speed particle solid medium formed during the explosion, the gas wedge formed by the high-pressure airflow generated during the explosion, and the liquid wedge formed by the high-pressure liquid generated during the explosion all impact the rock mass. Simultaneously, the energy-concentrating positioning strip and energy-concentrating hole (7) or energy-concentrating groove ( 20) or the energy-concentrating effect of the energy-concentrating slot combination unit, transforms the disordered energy during the blasting process into ordered energy and concentrates it on the energy-concentrating direction, causing the enhanced blasting energy to be emitted along the energy-concentrating direction and to produce a directional impact on the rock, forming a deeper directional crack. In this process, the characteristic of the blasting tube (3) to break only in the energy-concentrating direction without breaking is used to protect the surrounding rock outside the energy-concentrating direction. In this way, while ensuring the integrity of the surrounding rock mass, more energy is provided for the tension of the directional crack, and the high-speed small-diameter rock mass and high-speed particle state solid medium formed after the destruction are wedged into the crack network generated by the blasting, which serves as a proppant to maintain the open state of the crack network, so that the crack network will not close under the pressure of the surrounding rock, and further ensures that the directional cracks between different boreholes have a better connection effect.

3. The solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step four, one or more solid-liquid medium support bags (1) are filled in the borehole outside the outermost solid-liquid-gas three-phase coupled medium shaped charge blasting device.

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