Double-fan lift type straw quantity measuring instrument and straw quantity measuring method

Abstract

This invention discloses a double-fan lifting straw quantity measuring instrument and a method for measuring straw quantity. The upper outer cylinder, upper lifting crushing device, middle outer cylinder, lower lifting crushing device, and lower outer cylinder are arranged coaxially from top to bottom in the frame. The outer cylinder connecting rod has an E-shaped rod structure, and its upper, middle, and lower legs are fixedly connected to the upper, middle, and lower outer cylinders, respectively. The lifting crushing blades in the lower and upper lifting crushing devices are assembled symmetrically in opposite directions, and the upper and lower lifting crushing blades rotate at different speeds in opposite directions. The inner and outer ends of the lifting crushing blades are fixed to the blade fixing terminal and the shaftless rotating sleeve, respectively. A DC motor fixed to the frame is connected to an internal gear ring via a drive gear to transmit torque. Dust filter holes are evenly distributed on the dust filter cover, and the two ends of the strain sensor are fixedly connected to the dust filter cover and the upper outer cylinder, respectively. This invention generates an upward airflow, counteracts the bending moment and torque of the upper and lower lifting crushing devices, and also has the function of crushing straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of measurement technology, specifically a double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument and a method for measuring straw quantity. Background Technology

[0002] Straw management is crucial in implementing conservation tillage techniques in agriculture. This is primarily because straw is an important agricultural residue that can be used to cover farmland, improve soil quality, and provide organic matter to farmland; therefore, ensuring the effective management and measurement of straw quantity is essential for modern agriculture, and straw quantity is an important indicator for evaluating conservation tillage techniques.

[0003] Currently, when measuring straw quantity in fields implementing conservation tillage in China, the methods used are mostly traditional manual methods, such as the diagonal rope method. The straw is manually picked up, weighed, and then the average value is calculated. This method is labor-intensive, inefficient, and cannot guarantee accuracy without removing impurities. Therefore, achieving automated straw quantity detection is an urgent problem to be solved, and it is of great significance for the implementation and improvement of conservation tillage.

[0004] The dual-fan lifting straw quantity measuring instrument and straw quantity measuring method of this application can be adapted to different regions and different straw thicknesses. The dual-fan lifting device adopts two lifting crushing fans installed in opposite directions and rotating at different speeds. It can generate an upward airflow, counteract the bending moment and torque of the upper and lower lifting crushing devices, and also has the function of crushing straw. The upward airflow can blow away soil dust and other impurities in the straw accumulated in the dust filter cover. The instrument has high detection accuracy and can display the straw quantity in the area to be measured in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a double-fan lifting straw quantity measuring instrument and a straw quantity measuring method. The technical solution includes: a dust filter cover, a strain sensor, a frame, and upper and lower lifting crushing devices; wherein the frame includes: an upper outer cylinder, a middle outer cylinder, a lower outer cylinder, an outer cylinder connecting rod, and fixed saw teeth; the upper outer cylinder, the upper lifting crushing device, the middle outer cylinder, the lower lifting crushing device, and the lower outer cylinder are arranged coaxially from top to bottom; the outer cylinder connecting rod has an "E"-shaped rod structure, and the upper, middle, and lower legs of the outer cylinder connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the upper outer cylinder, the middle outer cylinder, and the lower outer cylinder.

[0006] The shaftless rotating sleeve in the upper lifting crushing device is connected to the upper outer cylinder and the middle outer cylinder through the upper bearing and the lower bearing, respectively. The shaftless rotating sleeve in the lower lifting crushing device is connected to the middle outer cylinder and the lower outer cylinder through the upper bearing and the lower bearing, respectively. The bottom end of the lower outer cylinder is provided with fixed serrations.

[0007] The lifting crushing blades in the lower and upper lifting crushing devices are assembled symmetrically in opposite directions, and the upper and lower lifting crushing blades rotate at different speeds in opposite directions.

[0008] The lifting crushing device includes: a shaftless rotating sleeve, an internal gear ring, a lower bearing, lifting crushing blades, blade fixing terminals, an upper bearing, a DC motor, and a drive gear. The inner and outer ends of the lifting crushing blades are fixed to the blade fixing terminals and the shaftless rotating sleeve, respectively, and 3 to 10 lifting crushing blades are evenly arranged circumferentially. The internal gear ring is fixed inside the shaftless rotating sleeve. The power output shaft of the DC motor, which is fixed on the frame, is fixed to the drive gear. The DC motor is connected to the internal gear ring through the drive gear to transmit torque.

[0009] The two ends of the strain sensor are fixed to the dust filter cover and the upper outer cylinder, respectively. The dust filter cover is a cylindrical cover structure with dust filter holes evenly opened on the top surface of the dust filter cover.

[0010] The length of the serrated portion below the fixed serration is 4 cm - 5 cm.

[0011] The dust filter holes are circular through holes with a diameter of 4mm to 8mm to ensure that the straw is not blown away while the dust is blown away.

[0012] Two to eight strain sensors are evenly arranged circumferentially.

[0013] The rotational speed of the lifting crushing blades of the upper lifting crushing device is 1.2 times that of the lifting crushing blades of the lower lifting crushing device, to ensure that straw does not accumulate and clog between the two sets of lifting crushing blades.

[0014] The acute angle between the plane of the lifting crushing blade and the central axis of the blade fixing terminal is 8°~20°.

[0015] The strain sensor is connected to the measuring controller, which is fixed to the outside of the outer cylinder wall.

[0016] A method for measuring straw quantity based on the aforementioned dual-fan lift straw quantity measuring instrument is also provided, the technical solution of which includes:

[0017] Step 1: After arriving at the area to be tested, vertically insert the fixed saw teeth 505 of the measuring instrument into the soil of the area to be tested. After insertion, keep the bottom of the measuring instrument horizontal with the ground and leave a gap between the lower outer cylinder 503 and the ground.

[0018] Step 2: Press the "Zero" button on the measuring controller to perform zeroing calibration. At this time, the straw mass is 0.

[0019] Step 3: After the zeroing is completed, press the start button. The upper and lower lifting crushing blades rotate at high speeds in opposite directions to generate airflow to suck in the straw on the ground and crush it. The speed gradually reaches the maximum speed and then remains stable.

[0020] Step 4: The straw and impurities rotate and rise to the dust filter cover. After passing through the dust filter holes, the dust and other impurities are filtered out. Once the controller reading stabilizes, multiple strain sensors evenly distributed circumferentially deform under the pressure of the straw, causing a change in the resistance of the elastic element and generating output pressure. The magnitude of the pressure is measured, and the controller measures the sum of the forces exerted on all strain sensors. After being converted by the program, the result is displayed as the mass m of the straw in the area to be tested. i This data will be stored in the background of the measurement controller;

[0021] Step 5: Clean the straw inside the device and drop it back into the area being measured to avoid changing the amount of straw coverage in that area;

[0022] Step 6: Move the device to the next test area and repeat steps 1-5 until all test areas are tested. The controller stores the total mass of i test areas after testing. ;

[0023] Step 7: The total area of ​​the field is S. The total mass measured... Dividing by s*i gives the amount of straw cover per square meter (m) in this field area; m = / is, then the total straw coverage in the field area is M=mS=S / is, where s is the area of ​​each region to be tested.

[0024] Before step 1, the area is divided: based on the actual shape and area S of the field area scanned by the drone, the location of i areas to be measured is marked after processing on the mobile APP, and the route is planned using the area division algorithm and the coverage is measured in sequence.

[0025] The region partitioning algorithms include the Bresenham algorithm and the Geohash algorithm.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. It can adapt to different regions and straw thicknesses. The double-fan lifting device uses two opposing and symmetrically installed lifting and crushing fans that rotate at different speeds and in opposite directions. It can generate an upward airflow, counteract the bending moment and torque of the upper and lower lifting and crushing devices, and also has the function of crushing straw.

[0028] 2. The rising airflow can blow away soil, dust and other impurities accumulated in the straw at the dust filter cover.

[0029] 3. The instrument has high detection accuracy and can display the amount of straw in the area to be tested in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural view of the lower lifting crushing device and the lower lifting crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A perspective view of the assembly of the lifting crushing blade and the blade fixing terminal;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a front view of the assembly of the lifting crushing blade and the blade fixing terminal.

[0037] Among them, 1—lower lifting crushing device, 2—dust filter cover, 3—strain sensor, 4—measuring controller, 5—frame, 6—upper lifting crushing device, 101—shaftless rotating sleeve, 102—internal gear ring, 103—lower bearing, 104—lifting crushing blade, 105—blade fixing terminal, 106—upper bearing, 201—dust filter hole, 501—upper outer cylinder, 502—middle outer cylinder, 503—lower outer cylinder, 504—outer cylinder connecting rod, 505—fixed saw teeth, 601—DC motor, 602—drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figures 1-7 The embodiment of the present invention shown is applicable to the determination of straw coverage, and includes: a lower lifting crushing device 1, a dust filter cover 2, a strain sensor 3, a measurement controller 4, a frame 5, and an upper lifting crushing device 6; the dust filter cover 2, strain sensor 3, measurement controller 4, lower lifting crushing device 1, and upper lifting crushing device 6 are all installed in the frame 5;

[0040] like Figure 3The frame 5 shown has an overall cylindrical shape after assembly. The frame 5 includes: an upper outer cylinder 501, a middle outer cylinder 502, a lower outer cylinder 503, an outer cylinder connecting rod 504, and fixed saw teeth 505. The upper outer cylinder 501, the upper lifting crushing device 6, the middle outer cylinder 502, the lower lifting crushing device 1, and the lower outer cylinder 503 are arranged coaxially from top to bottom. The outer cylinder connecting rod 504 has an "E"-shaped rod structure, and its three legs (upper, middle, and lower) are fixedly connected to the upper outer cylinder 501, the middle outer cylinder 502, and the lower outer cylinder 503, respectively.

[0041] The shaftless rotating sleeve 101 in the upper lifting crushing device 6 is connected to the upper outer cylinder 501 and the middle outer cylinder 502 through the upper bearing 106 and the lower bearing 103 respectively. The shaftless rotating sleeve 101 in the lower lifting crushing device 1 is connected to the middle outer cylinder 502 and the lower outer cylinder 503 through the upper bearing 106 and the lower bearing 103 respectively. The bottom end of the lower outer cylinder 503 is provided with fixed saw teeth 505. The lower end of the fixed saw teeth 505 has a saw tooth structure, and the length of the saw tooth part is 4-5cm. It can be used for air suction at the lower end during operation.

[0042] like Figure 4 The lower lifting crushing device 1 and the upper lifting crushing device 6 shown have the same structure, both being lifting crushing devices, including: a shaftless rotating sleeve 101, an internal gear ring 102, a lower bearing 103, lifting crushing blades 104, blade fixing terminals 105, an upper bearing 106, a DC motor 601, and a drive gear 602. The inner and outer ends of the lifting crushing blades 104 are fixed to the blade fixing terminals 105 and the shaftless rotating sleeve 101, respectively. Three to ten (specifically six in this embodiment) lifting crushing blades 104 are evenly arranged circumferentially. The internal gear ring 102 is fixed to... Inside the shaftless rotating sleeve 101, the power output shaft of the DC motor 601, which is fixed on the frame 5, is fixed to the drive gear 602. The drive gear 602 and the internal gear ring 102 engage to form a gear-ring meshing transmission connection. The DC motor 601 is connected to the internal gear ring 102 through the drive gear 602 to transmit torque. After assembly, the upper outer cylinder 501, the middle outer cylinder 502, and the lower outer cylinder 503 do not interfere with the rotation of the lifting crushing blades 104 in the lower lifting crushing device 1 and the upper lifting crushing device 6. The outer cylinder connecting rod 504 also does not interfere with the rotation of the shaftless rotating sleeve 101.

[0043] The lifting crushing blades 104 of both the lower lifting crushing device 1 and the upper lifting crushing device 6 are assembled symmetrically in opposite directions to ensure that both upper and lower lifting crushing blades 104 generate an upward airflow when rotating. The upper and lower lifting crushing blades 104 rotate at different speeds in opposite directions, allowing the two lifting devices to cancel each other out the uneven bending moment and rotational torque at the center of the lifting crushing blades 104. This results in the blades generating torque while simultaneously producing a uniform upward airflow, reducing the effect of gravity on the blades themselves, and extending the service life and power output of the two lifting crushing blades 104, thereby enhancing the crushing ability of long straw. The upper lifting crushing blades... The rotational speed of blade 104 is 1.2 times that of the lower lifting crushing blade 104 to ensure that straw does not accumulate and clog between the lower and upper lifting crushing blades 104. The other end of the lifting crushing blade 104 is fixedly connected to the blade fixing terminal 105. The lifting crushing blade 104 is a rectangular blade structure with an inclined arrangement. The acute angle between the plane of the lifting crushing blade 104 and the central axis of the blade fixing terminal 105 is 8°~20° (specifically 10° in this embodiment). The appropriate angle setting is conducive to generating a stronger upward airflow. The lower edge of the lifting crushing blade 104 is provided with a cutting edge, which helps to chop the sucked straw.

[0044] The two ends of the strain sensor 3 are fixed to the dust filter cover 2 and the upper outer cylinder 501 respectively. Two to eight strain sensors 3 (specifically six in this embodiment) are evenly arranged along the circumference. The strain sensor 3 is connected to the measuring controller 4, which is fixed to the outer wall of the upper outer cylinder 501 of the frame 5.

[0045] A narrow gap is provided between the dust filter cover 2 and the upper end face of the outer cylinder 501. The dust filter cover 2 is a cylindrical cover structure. Dust filter holes 201 are evenly opened on the top surface of the dust filter cover 2. The dust filter holes 201 are circular through holes with a diameter of 4mm to 8mm (6mm in this embodiment). The appropriate diameter can ensure that the straw is not blown away while the dust is blown away.

[0046] A method for measuring the amount of straw using a double-fan lift-type straw measuring instrument includes the following steps:

[0047] ① First, based on the actual shape and area S of the field area scanned by the drone, the location of i areas to be measured is marked after processing on the mobile APP. After planning the route using the area division algorithm, the coverage is measured in sequence.

[0048] ② After reaching the first test area, vertically insert the fixed saw teeth 505 of the measuring instrument into the soil of the test area until the gap between the lower outer cylinder 503 and the ground is 1cm. After insertion, keep the bottom of the measuring instrument horizontal with the ground so that the lifting crushing blades 104 can draw in outside air when rotating, thereby achieving the effect of negative pressure inside the bucket driving the straw to rotate and rise. In order to eliminate the influence of the suction force generated by the rotation of the lifting crushing blades 104 on the measurement results of the strain sensor 3, first press the "zero" button of the measuring controller 4 to perform zero calibration. This is a key step to ensure that the force calibration is 0 before the measuring instrument is put into operation. At this time, the mass of the straw is 0.

[0049] ③ After the zeroing is completed, press the start button of the measuring controller 4. The upper and lower lifting crushing blades 104 rotate at high speed in opposite directions to generate airflow to suck in the straw on the ground and crush it. After gradually reaching the maximum speed, the speed remains stable.

[0050] ④ The straw and impurities rotate and rise to the dust filter cover 2, where they are filtered out through the dust filter holes 201. After the reading of the measuring controller 4 stabilizes, the six strain sensors evenly distributed around the circumference are deformed by the pressure of the straw, resulting in a change in the resistance of the elastic element and generating output pressure. The magnitude of the pressure is measured, and the measuring controller 4 measures the sum of the forces acting on the six strain sensors. After program conversion, the result is displayed as the mass m of the straw in the area to be measured. i This data will be stored in the background of the measurement controller 4;

[0051] ⑤ Clean up the straw inside the device and drop it back into the measured area to avoid changing the amount of straw coverage in that area;

[0052] ⑥ Move the device to the next test area and repeat steps 1-5 above until all test areas are tested. The measuring controller 4 stores the total mass after the i test areas have been tested. The inner diameter of the lower outer cylinder 503 is 0.6m, and the area s of each area to be measured is 1.13m².

[0053] ⑦ The total area of ​​the Daejeon region is S. The total mass measured is... Dividing by s*i gives the amount of straw cover per square meter (m) in this field area; m = / 1.13i, then the total straw coverage in the field area is M=mS=S / 1.13i;

[0054] In step ①, the mobile APP includes TuXinEarth APP, TianDiTu APP, and Earth Earth, and the region division algorithm includes Bresenham algorithm, Geohash algorithm, etc.

Claims

1. A double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument, characterized in that, include: Dust filter housing (2), strain sensor (3), frame (5), and lifting crushing device above and below; The frame (5) includes: an upper outer cylinder (501), a middle outer cylinder (502), a lower outer cylinder (503), an outer cylinder connecting rod (504), and fixed saw teeth (505). The upper outer cylinder (501), the upper lifting crushing device, the middle outer cylinder (502), the lower lifting crushing device, and the lower outer cylinder (503) are arranged coaxially from top to bottom. The outer cylinder connecting rod (504) is an "E"-shaped rod structure. The upper, middle, and lower legs of the outer cylinder connecting rod (504) are fixedly connected to the upper outer cylinder (501), the middle outer cylinder (502), and the lower outer cylinder (503) respectively. The shaftless rotating sleeve (101) in the upper lifting crushing device is connected to the upper outer cylinder (501) and the middle outer cylinder (502) through the upper bearing (106) and the lower bearing (103) respectively. The shaftless rotating sleeve (101) in the lower lifting crushing device is connected to the middle outer cylinder (502) and the lower outer cylinder (503) through the upper bearing (106) and the lower bearing (103) respectively. The bottom end of the lower outer cylinder (503) is provided with fixed serrations (505). The lifting crushing blades (104) in the lower and upper lifting crushing devices are assembled symmetrically in opposite directions, and the upper and lower lifting crushing blades (104) rotate at different speeds in opposite directions; The lifting crushing device includes: a shaftless rotating sleeve (101), an internal gear ring (102), a lower bearing (103), lifting crushing blades (104), blade fixing terminals (105), an upper bearing (106), a DC motor (601), and a drive gear (602). The inner and outer ends of the lifting crushing blades (104) are fixed to the blade fixing terminals (105) and the shaftless rotating sleeve (101), respectively. 3 to 10 lifting crushing blades (104) are evenly arranged circumferentially. The internal gear ring (102) is fixed inside the shaftless rotating sleeve (101). The power output shaft of the DC motor (601) fixed on the frame (5) is fixed to the drive gear (602). The DC motor (601) is connected to the internal gear ring (102) through the drive gear (602) to transmit torque. The two ends of the strain sensor (3) are fixed to the dust filter cover (2) and the upper outer cylinder (501) respectively. The dust filter cover (2) is a cylindrical cover structure, and the dust filter cover (2) has uniformly opened dust filter holes (201) on the top surface.

2. The double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the serrated portion below the fixed serration (505) is 4 cm - 5 cm.

3. The double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust filter hole (201) is a circular through hole with a diameter of 4mm to 8mm to ensure that the straw is not blown away while the dust is blown away.

4. The double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two to eight strain sensors (3) are evenly arranged circumferentially.

5. The double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the lifting crushing blades (104) of the upper lifting crushing device is 1.2 times that of the lifting crushing blades (104) of the lower lifting crushing device, so as to ensure that the straw does not accumulate and block between the two sets of lifting crushing blades (104).

6. A double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The acute angle between the plane of the lifting crushing blade (104) and the central axis of the blade fixing terminal (105) is 8°~20°.

7. The double-fan lift-type straw quantity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain sensor (3) is connected to the measuring controller (4), which is fixed to the outside of the wall of the outer cylinder (501).

8. A method for determining the amount of straw based on the double-fan lift-type straw measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: Step 1: After arriving at the area to be tested, vertically insert the fixed saw teeth of the measuring instrument into the soil of the area to be tested. After insertion, keep the bottom of the measuring instrument horizontal with the ground and leave a gap between the lower outer cylinder and the ground. Step 2: Press the "Zero" button on the measuring controller to perform zeroing calibration. At this time, the straw mass is 0. Step 3: After the zeroing is completed, press the start button. The upper and lower lifting crushing blades rotate at high speeds in opposite directions to generate airflow to suck in the straw on the ground and crush it. The speed gradually reaches the maximum speed and then remains stable. Step 4: The straw and impurities rotate and rise to the dust filter cover. After passing through the dust filter holes, the impurities are filtered out. Once the controller reading stabilizes, multiple strain sensors evenly distributed circumferentially deform under the pressure of the straw, causing a change in the resistance of the elastic element and generating output pressure. The magnitude of the pressure is measured, and the controller measures the sum of the forces exerted on all strain sensors. After being converted by the program, this is displayed as the mass m of the straw in the area to be measured. i This data will be stored in the background of the measurement controller; Step 5: Clean the straw inside the device and drop it back into the area being measured to avoid changing the amount of straw coverage in that area; Step 6: Move the device to the next test area and repeat steps 1-5 until all test areas are tested. The controller stores the total mass of i test areas after testing. ; Step 7: The total area of ​​the field is S. The measured total mass... Dividing by s*i gives the amount of straw mulch per square meter in the field area, m; m = / is, then the total straw coverage in the field area is M=mS=S / is, where s is the area of ​​each region to be tested.

9. The method for determining straw quantity according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before step 1, the area is divided: based on the actual shape and area S of the field area scanned by the drone, the location of i areas to be measured is marked after processing on the mobile APP. After planning the route using the area division algorithm, the coverage is measured in sequence.

10. The method for determining straw quantity according to claim 9, characterized in that, The region partitioning algorithms include the Bresenham algorithm and the Geohash algorithm.

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