Test method and system for electromagnetic compatibility of satellite active-passive radar integration design

Abstract

The application provides a satellite active and passive radar integration design electromagnetic compatibility test method and system, comprising the following steps: S1: performing environment background noise test; the environment comprises a microwave darkroom environment; S2: running a radar for test, completing the test; the radar comprises an active radar and a passive radar. The application can complete electromagnetic compatibility verification in the early stage of satellite development, and guide engineering development according to the test results, and has high practicability; can better simulate the on-orbit test state of the satellite, greatly reduces the frequency of problems of the on-orbit satellite; meanwhile, the working modes of the active and passive radars and the mutual influence are analyzed and verified, the active and passive radar integration electromagnetic compatibility design and test are verified and analyzed, and the application can be widely applied to the electromagnetic compatibility technical field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility technology, specifically to a test method and system for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design for satellites. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's satellite technology, there are more and more frequency-using devices such as active / passive microwave radar payloads and multi-channel high-capacity receivers, with wider and wider frequency coverage, higher and higher transmission power, and higher and higher receiver sensitivity.

[0003] The electromagnetic environment of satellite systems is becoming increasingly complex, and the frequency of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) interference problems is also increasing, even affecting the project approval of pre-research models and the development progress of models under development. Currently, the EMC of the entire satellite is receiving more and more attention, and EMC design for the entire satellite has been carried out. However, in terms of testing methods, the inability to fully simulate the on-orbit test conditions of satellites results in insufficient testing, leading to frequent on-orbit problems.

[0004] [1] Li Xiaohui. Electromagnetic compatibility protection design method for satellite radio frequency receivers [J]. Space Electronics Technology, 2014, 011(003): 91-93. This paper introduces the electromagnetic interference coupling path of radio frequency receivers, which is a typical EMC protection design method. It elaborates on shielding, electromagnetic leakage protection and antenna coupling protection, but does not involve the analysis and testing of electromagnetic interference sources, nor does it involve the analysis and verification of active / passive radar working modes and their mutual influence.

[0005] [1] Fang Xiaoxing et al. "Electromagnetic compatibility analysis of shipborne radar based on detection performance." Modern Radar 38.2 (2016):5. This paper establishes an electromagnetic compatibility model between radars with the same operating frequency band and different frequencies, and quantitatively analyzes the influence of parameters such as radar spacing, suppression coefficient, and sensitivity on electromagnetic compatibility. However, it only analyzes the electromagnetic compatibility between active radars and does not involve the integrated electromagnetic compatibility design and test verification analysis of active and passive radars.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN105242120B discloses a test method for verifying the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) between satellite radio frequency (RF) subsystems, including the following steps: Step S1: Selecting a satellite ground test site; Step S2: Quantifying the impact of test site reflection factors on the EMC test results; Step S3: Setting the state of the ground integrated test system; simulating various working modes of satellite in-orbit flight, with the onboard RF subsystems being powered on sequentially; checking whether the functions and performance of each device in the onboard RF subsystem are normal, and if normal, triggering Step S4; Step S4: Determining the test results, specifically, subtracting the quantified value of the test site's impact on the satellite EMC test from the EMC test result value between the onboard RF subsystems. However, this patent document only addresses the determination and testing of RF single-unit remote control uplink and loss of lock, and does not cover active / passive radar operating modes, wide-band, high-transmit power test methods, and environmental adaptability check methods.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN107102226A discloses a non-contact ground testing method for satellite electromagnetic conduction compatibility, which includes the following steps: Step 1, analyzing the satellite power supply and distribution design and grounding design to form an electromagnetic conduction test matrix table; Step 2, conducting non-contact power line conduction compatibility tests at the unit and system levels; Step 3, conducting non-contact conduction compatibility tests on the entire satellite's ground wire, etc. However, this patent document only analyzes and tests the interference signals, power line conduction sensitivity, cable bundle injection conduction sensitivity, and cable bundle injection pulse conduction sensitivity of items CE101, CS101, CS114, and CS115, and does not involve the satellite's active / passive radar frequency design or the electromagnetic compatibility testing of high-sensitivity receivers.

[0008] Chinese patent document CN108959777B discloses a method for accurate prediction of near-field electromagnetic compatibility of array antennas, including the following steps: (1) solving the element coupling and superposition between two planar array antennas based on the mutual impedance matrix; (2) solving the port excitation voltage of the transmitting array antenna based on the transmitting power of the transmitting array antenna, and solving the port excitation voltage of the interfered array antenna based on the port response current of the interfered array antenna and the internal resistance of the element antenna of the interfered array antenna; (3) solving the impedance of the two element antennas based on the surface current and port current of the transmitting array antenna and the element antenna of the interfered array antenna when they exist independently, combined with the test results of typical diffraction, and finally predicting the isolation between the two array antennas. However, this patent document only focuses on the accurate modeling and calculation of electromagnetic compatibility between planar array antennas and active radars, and does not involve how to conduct experimental testing and verification in a microwave anechoic chamber, nor does it involve the analysis of the operating mode and sensitive frequency band of passive receiving radar. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a test method and system for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design for satellites.

[0010] A test method for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of a satellite, provided by the present invention, includes:

[0011] Step S1: Conduct an environmental background noise test;

[0012] The environment includes a microwave anechoic chamber environment;

[0013] Step S2: Run the radar to conduct tests and complete the experiment;

[0014] The radar includes active radar and passive radar.

[0015] Preferably, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0016] Step S1.1: Cover the equipment entering the microwave anechoic chamber with microwave absorbing material, and fully cover the metal surface material;

[0017] Step S1.2: Perform test preparation and system self-test, covering the preset ranges including CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz-40GHz;

[0018] Step S1.3: Check the background ambient noise and its source.

[0019] Preferably, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0020] Step S2.1: Passive radar performs fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests;

[0021] Step S2.2: Turn off the passive radar and perform a transmission safety test using the active radar;

[0022] Step S2.3: Perform forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility testing on both active and passive radars;

[0023] Step S2.4: Adjust the layout of the active and passive radars;

[0024] Step S2.5: Turn off the passive radar and perform a launch safety test again with the active radar;

[0025] Step S2.6: Perform side-direction electromagnetic compatibility testing on the active and passive radars.

[0026] Preferably, step S2.1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0027] Step S2.1.1: Turn on the passive radar and operate in fixed angle and scanning reception mode;

[0028] Step S2.1.2: Construct the passive radar instrument transmission coordinate system O m X m Y m Z m Define O m The intersection of the passive radar's rotating shaft and the mounting surface; O m X m To indicate the direction of antenna deployment, O m Z m To ensure the antenna is perpendicular to the ground detection direction, O m Y m Pointing to O m X m With O m Z m This constitutes the right-hand rule;

[0029] Step S2.1.3: Set the passive radar to fixed-angle mode and select the fixed-angle; define O within the imaging area. m X m Axis bias O m Y m Position 1 is at a 45° angle. m X m Position 2 is 0° on the positive axis. m X m Axis bias -O m Y m Position 3 is located at an angle of 45°. m X m Position 4 is located 180° in the positive direction of the axis;

[0030] Step S2.1.4: Put the passive radar into scanning reception mode and set up the scanning reception. Select the normal scanning mode according to the working mode of the passive radar in orbit. The receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed according to the working conditions in orbit.

[0031] Preferably, step S2.2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0032] Step S2.2.1: The passive radar stops detecting and the receiver is turned off;

[0033] Step S2.2.2: The active radar operates in power transmission mode, gradually increasing the transmission power from the preset initial power transmission until the preset on-orbit transmission power is reached;

[0034] Step S2.2.3: Measure the magnitude of the electric field strength and the spectrum within the preset range of the passive radar until the signal power is less than the input signal strength of the passive radar.

[0035] Preferably, step S2.3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0036] Step S2.3.1: Place the active radar directly in front of the passive radar;

[0037] Step S2.3.2: Set the active radar to normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to fixed-angle mode; test positions 1, 2, 3 and 4 and check the passive radar receiving channel status;

[0038] Step S2.3.3: Set the active radar to normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to scanning mode, and check the passive radar receiving channel status.

[0039] Preferably, the layout adjustment includes an integrated design layout constraint for active and passive radars, whereby the active and passive radars are adjusted from being front-mounted to being side-mounted.

[0040] An electromagnetic compatibility test system for integrated active and passive radar design of a satellite, provided by the present invention, includes:

[0041] Module M1: Performs environmental background noise testing;

[0042] The environment includes a microwave anechoic chamber environment;

[0043] Module M2: Run the radar to conduct tests and complete the experiment;

[0044] The radar includes active radar and passive radar.

[0045] Preferably, module M1 includes the following sub-modules:

[0046] Module M1.1: Covers the equipment entering the microwave anechoic chamber with microwave absorbing material, and fully covers the metal surface material;

[0047] Module M1.2: Performs test preparation and system self-test, covering preset ranges including CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz-40GHz;

[0048] Module M1.3: Checks background ambient noise and its sources.

[0049] Preferably, module M2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0050] Module M2.1: Passive radar performs fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests;

[0051] Module M2.2: Disable passive radar and perform transmission safety test with active radar;

[0052] Module M2.3: Conduct forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility testing for both active and passive radars;

[0053] Module M2.4: Layout adjustments made to the active and passive radar systems;

[0054] Module M2.5: The passive radar is turned off, and the active radar undergoes another launch safety test;

[0055] Module M2.6: Performs side-mounted electromagnetic compatibility testing on active and passive radars.

[0056] Preferably, module M2.1 includes the following sub-modules:

[0057] Module M2.1.1: Enables passive radar, operating in fixed-angle and scanning reception modes;

[0058] Module M2.1.2: Constructing the passive radar instrument transmission coordinate system O m X m Y m Z m Define O m The intersection of the passive radar's rotating shaft and the mounting surface; O m X m To indicate the direction of antenna deployment, O m Z m To ensure the antenna is perpendicular to the ground detection direction, O m Y m Pointing to O m X m With O m Z m This constitutes the right-hand rule;

[0059] Module M2.1.3: Enables the passive radar to operate in fixed-angle mode, performing fixed-angle selection; defines O within the imaging area. m X m Axis bias O m Y m Position 1 is at a 45° angle. m X m Position 2 is 0° on the positive axis. m X m Axis bias -O m Y m Position 3 is located at an angle of 45°. m X m Position 4 is located 180° in the positive direction of the axis;

[0060] Module M2.1.4: Enables the passive radar to operate in scanning reception mode and performs scanning reception settings. Selects the conventional scanning mode according to the operating mode of the on-orbit passive radar, and the receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed according to the on-orbit operating conditions.

[0061] Preferably, module M2.2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0062] Module M2.2.1: Passive radar stops detection and shuts down the receiver;

[0063] Module M2.2.2: The active radar operates in power transmission mode, gradually increasing the transmission power from a preset initial power transmission until the preset on-orbit transmission power is reached;

[0064] Module M2.2.3: Measure the magnitude and spectrum of the electric field within the preset range of the passive radar until the signal power is less than the input signal strength of the passive radar.

[0065] Preferably, module M2.3 includes the following sub-modules:

[0066] Module M2.3.1: Place the active radar directly in front of the passive radar;

[0067] Module M2.3.2: Enables the active radar to operate in normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to operate in fixed-angle mode; test positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 to check the passive radar receiving channel status;

[0068] Module M2.3.3: Enables the active radar to operate in normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to operate in scanning mode. Check the status of the passive radar receiving channel.

[0069] Preferably, the layout adjustment includes an integrated design layout constraint for active and passive radars, whereby the active and passive radars are adjusted from being front-mounted to being side-mounted.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] 1. This invention proposes an experimental method for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of satellites. It can complete electromagnetic compatibility verification in the early stage of satellite development and guide engineering development based on the test results, which has high practicality.

[0072] 2. The method proposed in this invention can better simulate the on-orbit test state of satellites, greatly reducing the frequency of problems in on-orbit satellites; at the same time, it analyzes and verifies the working modes and mutual influence of active and passive radars, and verifies and analyzes the integrated electromagnetic compatibility design and testing of active and passive radars, which can be widely applied in the field of electromagnetic compatibility technology.

[0073] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be explained in detail through the introduction of specific technical features and technical solutions in specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the beneficial technical effects brought about by these technical features and technical solutions through the introduction of these technical features and technical solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0075] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the fixed-point angular position of the passive radar antenna in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0077] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0078] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites includes:

[0079] First, a background noise test was conducted in a microwave anechoic chamber environment:

[0080] Upon entering the microwave anechoic chamber, the equipment includes one set each of active and passive radar, and one set of ground inspection equipment. The tooling supports are made of wood or composite plastic materials, and the equipment and tooling are covered with conical carbon-containing polyurethane absorbing foam; all metal materials are fully covered. The background ambient noise spectrum within the microwave anechoic chamber is tested, covering the ranges of CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz~40GHz. The background ambient noise and its sources are checked to eliminate background noise factors and ensure the accuracy of the test results. The background ambient spectrum within the microwave anechoic chamber should be free of noise clutter.

[0081] Next, the passive radar underwent fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests:

[0082] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the passive radar is powered on. Based on the passive radar's operating mode, the fixed-angle mode is first set, with a total of four fixed-angle positions. To clearly define the fixed-angle positions, the passive radar instrument coordinate system O is defined. m X m Y m Z m Point O m —The intersection of the passive radar shaft and the mounting surface; O m X m —pointing to the direction of antenna deployment, O m Z m —Pointing the antenna to the direction of ground detection, O m Ym —Pointing to O m X m With O m Z m This constitutes the right-hand rule. Within the imaging region O m X m Axis bias O m Y m Position 1 is at an angle of 45°; within the imaging region, O m X m Position 2 is 0° on the positive axis; within the imaging region O m X m Axis bias -O m Y m Position 3 is at an angle of 45°; within the imaging region -O m X m Position 4 is located at 0° on the positive axis.

[0083] Three fixed angles, positions 1 to 3, are set in the imaging area of ​​the passive radar receiving radiated signals, and one fixed angle, position 4, is set in the imaging area of ​​the non-passive radar receiving radiated signals. The passive radar records the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel at positions 1 to 4.

[0084] Based on the operating mode of the on-orbit passive radar, the passive radar was set to scanning and receiving mode, the radar antenna rotated at a constant speed, and the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel were recorded.

[0085] The passive radar was turned off, and the active radar was used for a transmission safety test.

[0086] The passive radar ceases detection, and the receiver is switched off. The active radar is switched on, and the power transmission mode is set, gradually increasing the transmission power from low power. The electric field strength and spectrum are recorded at positions 1 to 4 of the passive radar. The safety of the passive radar receiver is ensured when the recorded electric field strength and signal power at positions 1 to 4 are less than the input signal strength of the passive radar.

[0087] Conduct forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility tests on both active and passive radars:

[0088] The active radar was placed directly in front of the passive radar. The active radar was set to normal on-orbit transmission mode, and the passive radar was set to fixed-point angle mode. Tests were performed sequentially from position 1 to position 4, and the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel of the passive radar were recorded.

[0089] The active radar is placed directly in front of the passive radar. The active radar operates in normal on-orbit transmission mode, while the passive radar operates in scanning mode. The receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed, and the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel of the passive radar are recorded.

[0090] Next, the layout of the active and passive radars will be adjusted:

[0091] Based on the integrated design layout constraints of active and passive radar, the positions of active and passive radar can be adjusted. Position constraints are a key factor in electromagnetic compatibility, so the active and passive radars are adjusted from the front to the side.

[0092] The passive radar was shut down again, and the active radar was used for a transmission safety test.

[0093] The passive radar receiver is turned off, ceasing detection. The active radar is turned on, and the power transmission mode is set, gradually increasing the transmission power from low power. The electric field strength and spectrum are recorded at positions 1 to 4 of the passive radar. The passive radar receiver is safe when the recorded electric field strength and signal power at positions 1 to 4 are less than the passive radar input signal strength.

[0094] Finally, electromagnetic compatibility testing was conducted on the side-mounted active and passive radar to complete the entire testing process.

[0095] The active radar is positioned to the side of the passive radar. The active radar operates in normal on-orbit transmission mode, while the passive radar operates in step-fixed-angle mode. Tests are performed sequentially from position 1 to position 4, and the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel of the passive radar are recorded.

[0096] The active radar is positioned to the side of the passive radar. The active radar operates in normal on-orbit transmission mode, while the passive radar operates in scanning mode. The receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed, and the remote sensing data and variance of each receiving channel of the passive radar are recorded.

[0097] The experimental method proposed in this invention can complete electromagnetic compatibility verification in the early stages of satellite development and guide engineering development based on the test results, thus having high practicality. It can better simulate the on-orbit test state of satellites, greatly reducing the frequency of problems that occur in on-orbit satellites. At the same time, it analyzes and verifies the working modes and mutual influence of active and passive radars, and verifies and analyzes the integrated electromagnetic compatibility design and testing of active and passive radars, which can be widely applied in the field of electromagnetic compatibility technology.

[0098] The present invention also provides a test system for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of satellite. The test system for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of satellite can be implemented by executing the process steps of the test method for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of satellite. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the test method for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design of satellite as a preferred embodiment of the test system for electromagnetic compatibility of integrated active and passive radar design.

[0099] Specifically, a test system for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive satellite radar design includes:

[0100] Module M1: Performs environmental background noise testing;

[0101] The environment includes a microwave anechoic chamber environment;

[0102] Module M2: Run the radar to conduct tests and complete the experiment;

[0103] The radar includes active radar and passive radar.

[0104] The module M1 includes the following sub-modules:

[0105] Module M1.1: Covers the equipment entering the microwave anechoic chamber with microwave absorbing material, and fully covers the metal surface material;

[0106] Module M1.2: Performs test preparation and system self-test, covering preset ranges including CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz-40GHz;

[0107] Module M1.3: Checks background ambient noise and its sources.

[0108] Module M2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0109] Module M2.1: Passive radar performs fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests;

[0110] Module M2.2: Disable passive radar and perform transmission safety test with active radar;

[0111] Module M2.3: Conduct forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility testing for both active and passive radars;

[0112] Module M2.4: Layout adjustments made to the active and passive radar systems;

[0113] Module M2.5: The passive radar is turned off, and the active radar undergoes another launch safety test;

[0114] Module M2.6: Performs side-mounted electromagnetic compatibility testing on active and passive radars.

[0115] Module M2.1 includes the following sub-modules:

[0116] Module M2.1.1: Enables passive radar, operating in fixed-angle and scanning reception modes;

[0117] Module M2.1.2: Constructing the passive radar instrument transmission coordinate system O m X m Y m Zm Define O m The intersection of the passive radar's rotating shaft and the mounting surface; O m X m To indicate the direction of antenna deployment, O m Z m To ensure the antenna is perpendicular to the ground detection direction, O m Y m Pointing to O m X m With O m Z m This constitutes the right-hand rule;

[0118] Module M2.1.3: Enables the passive radar to operate in fixed-angle mode, performing fixed-angle selection; defines O within the imaging area. m X m Axis bias O m Y m Position 1 is at a 45° angle. m X m Position 2 is 0° on the positive axis. m X m Axis bias -O m Y m Position 3 is located at an angle of 45°. m X m Position 4 is located 180° in the positive direction of the axis.

[0119] Module M2.1.4: Enables the passive radar to operate in scanning reception mode and performs scanning reception settings. Selects the conventional scanning mode according to the operating mode of the on-orbit passive radar, and the receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed according to the on-orbit operating conditions.

[0120] Module M2.2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0121] Module M2.2.1: Passive radar stops detection and shuts down the receiver;

[0122] Module M2.2.2: The active radar operates in power transmission mode, gradually increasing the transmission power from a preset initial power transmission until the preset on-orbit transmission power is reached;

[0123] Module M2.2.3: Measure the magnitude and spectrum of the electric field within the preset range of the passive radar until the signal power is less than the input signal strength of the passive radar.

[0124] Module M2.3 includes the following sub-modules:

[0125] Module M2.3.1: Place the active radar directly in front of the passive radar;

[0126] Module M2.3.2: Enables the active radar to operate in normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to operate in fixed-angle mode; test positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 to check the passive radar receiving channel status;

[0127] Module M2.3.3: Enables the active radar to operate in normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to operate in scanning mode. Check the status of the passive radar receiving channel.

[0128] The layout adjustment includes the integrated design layout constraints of active and passive radars, with the active and passive radars being moved from the front to the side.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that, besides implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention in the form of purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved entirely through logical programming of the method steps, making the system and its various devices, modules, and units of this invention function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; alternatively, the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0130] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0131] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Conduct an environmental background noise test; The environment includes a microwave anechoic chamber environment; Step S2: Run the radar to conduct tests and complete the experiment; The radar includes active radar and passive radar; Step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.1: Passive radar performs fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests; Step S2.2: Turn off the passive radar and perform a transmission safety test using the active radar; Step S2.3: Perform forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility testing on both active and passive radars; Step S2.4: Adjust the layout of the active and passive radars; Step S2.5: Turn off the passive radar and perform a launch safety test again with the active radar; Step S2.6: Perform side-direction electromagnetic compatibility testing on the active and passive radars.

2. The test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S1.1: Cover the equipment entering the microwave anechoic chamber with microwave absorbing material, and fully cover the metal surface material; Step S1.2: Perform test preparation and system self-test, covering the preset ranges including CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz-40GHz; Step S1.3: Check the background ambient noise and its source.

3. The test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2.1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.1.1: Turn on the passive radar and operate in fixed angle and scanning reception mode; Step S2.1.2: Construct the passive radar instrument transmission coordinate system O m X m Y m Z m Define O m The intersection of the passive radar's rotating shaft and the mounting surface; O m X m To indicate the direction of antenna deployment, O m Z m To ensure the antenna is perpendicular to the ground detection direction, O m Y m Pointing to O m X m With O m Z m This constitutes the right-hand rule; Step S2.1.3: Set the passive radar to fixed-angle mode and select the fixed-angle; define O within the imaging area. m X m Axis bias O m Y m Position 1 is at a 45° angle. m X m Position 2 is 0° on the positive axis. m X m Axis bias -O m Y m Position 3 is located at an angle of 45°. m X m Position 4 is located 180° in the positive direction of the axis; Step S2.1.4: Put the passive radar into scanning reception mode and set up the scanning reception. Select the normal scanning mode according to the working mode of the passive radar in orbit. The receiving antenna rotates at a constant speed according to the working conditions in orbit.

4. The test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2.2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.2.1: The passive radar stops detecting and the receiver is turned off; Step S2.2.2: The active radar operates in power transmission mode, gradually increasing the transmission power from the preset initial power transmission until the preset on-orbit transmission power is reached; Step S2.2.3: Measure the magnitude of the electric field strength and the spectrum within the preset range of the passive radar until the signal power is less than the input signal strength of the passive radar.

5. The test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S2.3 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.3.1: Place the active radar directly in front of the passive radar; Step S2.3.2: Set the active radar to normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to fixed-angle mode; test positions 1, 2, 3 and 4 and check the passive radar receiving channel status; Step S2.3.3: Set the active radar to normal on-orbit transmission mode and the passive radar to scanning mode, and check the passive radar receiving channel status.

6. The test method for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layout adjustment includes the integrated design layout constraints of active and passive radars, with the active and passive radars being moved from the front to the side.

7. A test system for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive radar design for satellites, characterized in that, include: Module M1: Performs environmental background noise testing; The environment includes a microwave anechoic chamber environment; Module M2: Run the radar to conduct tests and complete the experiment; The radar includes active radar and passive radar; Module M2 includes the following sub-modules: Module M2.1: Passive radar performs fixed-point angle and scanning reception tests; Module M2.2: Disable passive radar and perform transmission safety test with active radar; Module M2.3: Conduct forward-facing electromagnetic compatibility testing for both active and passive radars; Module M2.4: Layout adjustments made to the active and passive radar systems; Module M2.5: The passive radar is turned off, and the active radar undergoes another launch safety test; Module M2.6: Performs side-mounted electromagnetic compatibility testing on active and passive radars.

8. The test system for electromagnetic compatibility of an integrated active and passive satellite radar design according to claim 7, characterized in that, The module M1 Includes the following sub-modules: Module M1.1: Covers the equipment entering the microwave anechoic chamber with microwave absorbing material, and fully covers the metal surface material; Module M1.2: Performs test preparation and system self-test, covering preset ranges including CE101: 25Hz-10kHz; CE102: 10kHz-10MHz; RE103: 10kHz-40GHz; Module M1.3: Checks background ambient noise and its sources.

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