Greenhouse active heat storage and release control method and greenhouse heat energy active storage and release system

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for active heat storage and release control in greenhouses, relating to the field of facility environmental control technology. The method includes: on a target day, updating and acquiring weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target day; determining whether the greenhouse air temperature is below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops during the next N days starting from the target day; based on the determination result, determining the operating mode and control time domain of the active heat storage and release system on the target day; solving the optimal control problem according to the operating mode to obtain the control variables within the control time domain; and controlling the operation of the active heat storage and release system on the target day based on the operating mode and control variables. Since the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and a greenhouse environment model, and is updated and solved on each target day, the obtained system control variables can maximize energy consumption reduction while ensuring efficient photosynthetic growth and promoting crop development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of facility environmental control technology, and in particular to a method for controlling active heat storage and release in greenhouses and an active heat storage and release system for greenhouses. Background Technology

[0002] Solar greenhouses are agricultural facilities with advantages such as good heat preservation, excellent light transmission, low energy consumption, and low investment, and are widely distributed in cold winter regions of northern China. Environmental factors affecting crop growth and development include air temperature, air humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration. If crops are in unsuitable environmental conditions for a long period, yield and quality will be severely affected. Although solar greenhouses can improve the crop growing environment, their environmental control capabilities are limited, and they cannot avoid the occurrence of adverse environments. For example, solar greenhouses often experience high temperature and low humidity during the day in hot seasons, and low temperature and high humidity at night in winter, which inhibit crop growth and development and induce pests and diseases. To improve the production performance of solar greenhouses, it is necessary to equip them with environmental control equipment to further enhance the greenhouse's thermal environment control capabilities.

[0003] Active heat storage and release technology for greenhouses is an effective method to solve the problems of low-temperature damage and insufficient accumulated temperature in solar greenhouses during winter. It collects and stores excess heat generated during the day for nighttime heating, enabling the reuse of greenhouse waste heat, improving the efficiency of solar thermal resource utilization, and enhancing the greenhouse's ability to withstand low temperatures. This is particularly important for solar greenhouses with poor wall heat storage capacity. Existing active heat storage and release systems generally utilize greenhouse components, collectors, heat exchangers, heat pumps, etc., to collect heat through convection or solar energy collection, and then release the heat at night through the collector components. However, existing active heat storage and release systems have two main shortcomings: first, they are only used for winter heating and cannot be integrated with ventilation and cooling equipment, resulting in incomplete environmental control and low cost-effectiveness for independent installation; second, system operation relies mainly on experience-based control, lacking efficient system operation control methods.

[0004] When constructing or renovating solar greenhouses, environmental control should comprehensively consider temperature regulation, humidity control, and ventilation. Highly integrated equipment should be prioritized to improve the cost-effectiveness of the environmental control system. High cost-effectiveness means significantly enhancing the greenhouse's environmental control capabilities with a small increase in equipment investment. For example, expanding positive pressure ventilation and cooling functions to the existing active heat storage and release technology. Positive pressure ventilation can be coupled with evaporative cooling pads. Fans drive outside air through the evaporative cooling pads to create a positive pressure environment before it enters the greenhouse, and then the hot indoor air is exhausted through vents. Compared to negative pressure ventilation, positive pressure ventilation can centrally filter and disinfect the air entering the greenhouse, effectively preventing external insects, pathogens, and dust from entering, thus reducing pests and diseases. Furthermore, positive pressure ventilation has lower requirements for greenhouse airtightness, provides more uniform airflow, and has a faster air exchange rate, which is conducive to efficient greenhouse environmental management. Organically integrating these two highly efficient and energy-saving technologies—active heat storage and release and positive pressure ventilation—has great potential to improve the comprehensive environmental management capabilities of solar greenhouses and promote higher quality and efficiency in greenhouse production. However, there is currently a lack of cost-effective greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release systems that can organically integrate these two technologies, as well as a lack of control methods for the efficient operation of greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for controlling the active storage and release of heat in a greenhouse and a system for the active storage and release of heat energy in a greenhouse, in order to solve the defects in the prior art of lacking a control method for the efficient operation of an active storage and release system for heat energy in a greenhouse, as well as the defects in the existing active storage and release system equipment for heat energy in a greenhouse that cannot be integrated with ventilation and cooling equipment and have incomplete environmental control.

[0006] This invention provides a method for controlling active heat storage and release in a greenhouse, applied to an active heat storage and release system. The method includes: on a target day, updating and acquiring weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target day; where N is a positive integer; updating daily on the target day; based on the weather forecast data, determining whether there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops within the next N days starting from the target day, and obtaining a judgment result; based on the judgment result, determining the operating mode and control time domain of the active heat storage and release system on the target day; wherein the operating mode includes a diurnal temperature integral operating mode and a continuous daily temperature integral operating mode; the control time domain includes the target day; within the control time domain, solving the optimal control problem according to the operating mode of the active heat storage and release system on the target day, obtaining the control variables of the active heat storage and release system within the control time domain; wherein the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and a greenhouse environment model; on the target day, controlling the active heat storage and release system to operate based on the operating mode and control variables.

[0007] According to the present invention, a method for controlling active heat storage and release in a greenhouse includes determining whether the greenhouse air temperature is below the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops. Based on the determination results, the operating mode and control time domain of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the target day are determined, including: if the determination results indicate that the greenhouse air temperature is below the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops, the operating mode of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the target day is a diurnal temperature integral operating mode, and the 24 hours of the target day are taken as the control time domain; within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantities of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the control time domain, including: determining the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crops can obtain within the control time domain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops within the control time domain; determining the control objective and greenhouse state constraints based on the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crops can obtain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops; determining the control constraints; determining the optimal control problem based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; solving the optimal control problem to obtain the control quantities of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the control time domain.

[0008] According to the present invention, a method for controlling active heat storage and release in a greenhouse includes determining whether the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop. Based on the determination result, the operating mode and control time domain of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the target day are determined, including: if the determination result is that the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop, the operating mode of the active heat storage and release system in the greenhouse on the target day is a continuous daily temperature integral operating mode, and the date on which the last occurrence of the greenhouse air temperature being lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop is determined, and the time period from the target day to that date is taken as the control time domain. Within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain. This includes: determining the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain within the control time domain and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops within the control time domain; determining the control objective and greenhouse state constraints based on the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops; determining the control constraints; determining the optimal control problem based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; and solving the optimal control problem to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0009] According to the active heat storage and release control method for greenhouses provided by the present invention, if the accumulated temperature obtainable by greenhouse crops is less than the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops, the control objective is determined to be maximizing the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain. Greenhouse state constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints. Hard constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse water tank temperature is within a preset range. Soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit of the optimal temperature for greenhouse crops. Control constraints include that the active heat storage and release system of the greenhouse only enters the heat collection state when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the lower limit of the optimal temperature for greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse ventilation windows can only be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature for greenhouse crops. Solving the optimal control problem also yields control quantities for other environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature. The accumulated temperature obtainable by greenhouse crops is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain.

[0010] According to the active heat storage and release control method for greenhouses provided by the present invention, if the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain is greater than or equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops, then the control objective is determined to be minimizing the energy consumption of the active heat storage and release system in the control time domain. The greenhouse state constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints. The hard constraints are that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the water tank temperature of the greenhouse is within a preset range. The soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit of the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crops in the control time domain is equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops. The control constraints include that the active heat storage and release system of the greenhouse only enters the heat collection mode when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the lower limit of the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the ventilation windows of the greenhouse can only be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops. Solving the optimal control problem also obtains the control quantities of other environmental conditioning equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectory of the greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature. The accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops in the control time domain.

[0011] According to the active heat storage and release control method for greenhouses provided by the present invention, the method further includes: if the control time domain is 24 hours of the target day, then the accumulated temperature TI required by the greenhouse crops on the target day is calculated. o,i The calculation formula is:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, TI sum TI represents the accumulated temperature required for a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; P represents the planned duration of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; i represents the i-th day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop, and 1≤i≤P, where i=1 represents the initial day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; a,iThis represents the actual accumulated temperature on day i of a certain growth stage of a greenhouse crop.

[0014] According to the active heat storage and release control method for greenhouses provided by the present invention, the method further includes: if the control time domain is the period from the target date to the date on which the greenhouse air temperature last fell below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops, then the required accumulated temperature TI for greenhouse crops within the control time domain is... sum,xc The calculation formula is:

[0015]

[0016] Where, x c For control of the time domain; TI sum TI represents the accumulated temperature required for a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; P represents the planned duration of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; i represents the i-th day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop, and 1≤i≤P, where i=1 represents the initial day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; a,i This represents the actual accumulated temperature on day i of a certain growth stage of a greenhouse crop.

[0017] According to the present invention, a method for controlling active heat storage and release in a greenhouse includes, based on weather forecast data, determining whether the greenhouse air temperature will be lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from a target date, and obtaining a determination result. The method comprises: simulating the operation of the active heat storage and release system in a diurnal temperature integral operation mode for the next N days starting from the target date, based on weather forecast data, to obtain the optimal trajectory of the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days; determining the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days based on the optimal trajectory of the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days; and determining whether the greenhouse air temperature will be lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, based on the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days, and obtaining a determination result.

[0018] This invention also provides a greenhouse active heat storage and release system, using the greenhouse accumulated temperature control method as described above. The greenhouse active heat storage and release system is installed in an equipment room inside the greenhouse, including: a positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit, a hot water storage tank, a circulating water system, ventilation ducts, and a control system; wherein, the equipment room includes an inner window and an outer window, the inner window connecting the equipment room and the greenhouse cultivation area, and the outer window connecting the equipment room and the outdoor environment of the greenhouse; the greenhouse cultivation area is provided with ventilation windows; the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit includes a unit air inlet, a primary filter, a evaporative cooling pad, a baffle plate, a surface cooler, a centrifugal fan, a unit air outlet, and a evaporative cooling pad water pump; the hot water storage tank and the surface cooler are connected through a circulating water system; the circulating water system includes circulating water pipes and a circulating water pump; the ventilation ducts connect the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit to the greenhouse cultivation area; and the control system controls the operation of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system.

[0019] According to the present invention, a greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system is provided. The operating conditions of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system include heat collection mode, heat release mode, and positive pressure ventilation and cooling mode. Specifically, when the operating condition of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system is heat collection mode, the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump of the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit are started, the outer windows are closed, the inner windows are opened, and the ventilation windows are adjusted to form an internal air circulation within the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner windows, be cooled by the surface cooler, and the waste heat of the greenhouse air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank before being transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through ventilation ducts. When the operating condition of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system is heat release mode, the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump of the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit are started, and the outer windows are closed, the inner windows are opened, and the ventilation windows are adjusted to form an internal air circulation within the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner windows, be cooled by the surface cooler, and the waste heat of the greenhouse air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank before being transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation ducts. When the operating condition of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system is heat release mode, the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump of the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit are started, and the outer windows are closed, the inner windows are opened, and the ventilation windows are adjusted to form an internal air circulation system. Close the outer windows, open the inner windows, and close the ventilation windows to create an internal air circulation within the greenhouse. This allows greenhouse air in the cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner windows, be heated by the surface cooler, release the heat stored in the hot water storage tank, and then be transported back to the cultivation area through the ventilation ducts. When the greenhouse heat energy active storage and release system is operating under positive pressure ventilation and cooling conditions, start the centrifugal fan and wet curtain water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit, open the outer windows, close the inner windows, and open the ventilation windows to create an external air circulation within the greenhouse. This allows outdoor air to enter the equipment room through the outer windows, be cooled by the evaporation of the wet curtains of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit to form humid and cold air, and then be transported to the cultivation area through the ventilation ducts, allowing the hot air in the cultivation area to be discharged through the ventilation windows.

[0020] This invention provides a greenhouse active heat storage and release control method and a greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system. On a target day, weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target day is updated and acquired; where N is a positive integer; the target day is updated daily. Based on the weather forecast data, it is determined whether there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target day, and a judgment result is obtained. Based on the judgment result, the operating mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system on the target day are determined; wherein, the operating mode includes a diurnal temperature integral operating mode and a continuous daily temperature integral operating mode; the control time domain includes the target day; within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system within the control time domain; wherein, the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; on the target day, the greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system is controlled to operate based on the operating mode and control quantity. Through the above method, since the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model, and is updated and solved every objective day, the obtained system control variables are the optimal parameters for regulating system operation. This can maximize energy reduction while ensuring efficient photosynthetic growth and promoting crop development, effectively improving the operating efficiency of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system. Furthermore, the system of this invention organically integrates greenhouse active heat storage and release with positive pressure ventilation technology, implementing heat collection, heat release, and positive pressure ventilation cooling modes, which can effectively improve the comprehensive environmental regulation capability and cost-effectiveness of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the greenhouse active heat storage and release control method provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the greenhouse active heat storage and release control method provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the greenhouse active heat storage and release control method is applied to a greenhouse active heat energy storage and release system, including steps S110 to S150, each step of which is as follows:

[0026] S110: On the target date, update and obtain the weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target date.

[0027] Where N is a positive integer; the target date is updated daily.

[0028] Generally, if you want to control the operation of a greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on a certain day, you can take that day as the target day, first determine the operation mode and control quantity of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, and then control the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system based on the operation mode and control quantity on the target day.

[0029] Specifically, on the target date, the operation mode and control parameters of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system are closely related to the greenhouse air temperature. The greenhouse air temperature is affected by the weather. Therefore, on the target date, it is necessary to update and obtain the weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target date, and determine whether there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date based on the weather forecast data.

[0030] S120: Based on weather forecast data, determine whether there will be a situation in the next N days starting from the target date where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops, and obtain the judgment result.

[0031] Generally, there are four main temperature indicators related to the growth and development of greenhouse crops: the lower limit of the optimum temperature, the upper limit of the optimum temperature, the lower biological limit temperature, and the upper biological limit temperature. When the ambient temperature is below the lower biological limit or above the upper biological limit temperature, the growth and development of greenhouse crops will be severely affected, hindering their survival. Conversely, when the ambient temperature is between the lower and upper limits of the optimum temperature, the growth and development of greenhouse crops are in a suitable state, which is conducive to increasing crop yield.

[0032] Accumulated temperature is also an important reference indicator during the growth and development of greenhouse crops; among them, accumulated temperature refers to the accumulation of effective temperature.

[0033] Specifically, during the crop growth period, if the ambient temperature at a certain moment is less than or equal to the lower biological limit temperature, the effective temperature is 0; if the ambient temperature at a certain moment is between the lower biological limit temperature and the upper biological limit temperature, the effective temperature is the difference between the ambient temperature at that moment and the lower biological limit temperature; if the ambient temperature at a certain moment is greater than or equal to the upper biological limit temperature, the effective temperature is the difference between the upper biological limit temperature and the lower biological limit temperature.

[0034] Generally, to ensure crop yield, it is necessary to ensure that the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops reaches the required level. The accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops is related to the greenhouse air temperature, which needs to be regulated by the greenhouse active heat storage and release system to ensure that the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops reaches the required level.

[0035] Therefore, if the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops for N days starting from the target date, extreme low temperatures are likely to occur in the greenhouse, causing frost damage to the greenhouse crops. At the same time, it is necessary to control the operation of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system in a timely manner to adjust the greenhouse air temperature so that the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crops reaches the required accumulated temperature.

[0036] Specifically, based on weather forecast data, it is determined whether there will be a situation in the next N days from the target date where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops. The judgment result is obtained so that the operation mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system can be determined according to the judgment result.

[0037] S130: Based on the judgment results, determine the operation mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system for the target day.

[0038] The operating modes include day-night temperature integration operating mode and continuous day temperature integration operating mode; the control time domain includes the target day.

[0039] The judgment results include two types: one is that there is no situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops; the other is that there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops.

[0040] Specifically, if the greenhouse air temperature does not fall below the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, the greenhouse active heat storage and release system can ensure that the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops reaches or approaches the required accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops as much as possible through day and night energy transfer, so as to avoid affecting crop growth and development.

[0041] In this scenario, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system operates in a diurnal temperature integral operation mode, with the control time domain being the 24 hours of the target day. The greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system can carry out diurnal energy transfer on the target day.

[0042] If, over the next N days starting from the target date, the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops, it indicates that the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system cannot guarantee that the greenhouse air temperature will remain above the biological lower limit temperature through day-night energy transfer. In this case, the system can perform cross-day energy transfer to prevent frost damage.

[0043] In this scenario, since there is a possibility that the greenhouse air temperature will fall below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops within the next N days, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system can be intervened in a timely manner before this occurs. During the control of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system for heat storage and release, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the greenhouse air temperature conditions for each day from the target date until the last occurrence of the greenhouse air temperature falling below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops within the next N days. In this scenario, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system operates in a continuous daily temperature integration mode. It is necessary to first determine the date on which the last occurrence of the greenhouse air temperature falling below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops occurs, and use the time period from the target date to that date as the control time domain. By comprehensively considering the greenhouse air temperature conditions for each day within the control time domain, cross-day energy transfer is carried out to ensure that the greenhouse air temperature does not fall below the biological lower limit temperature within the control time domain, while simultaneously ensuring that the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crops reaches or approaches the required accumulated temperature for the greenhouse crops, preventing frost damage and ensuring normal crop growth and development.

[0044] S140: Within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, solve the optimal control problem to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0045] The optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model.

[0046] In order to ensure that crops can carry out efficient photosynthetic growth and promote crop development, the environment of the greenhouse and the control of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system must meet certain constraints.

[0047] For example, the greenhouse air temperature must not be lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops; the greenhouse water tank temperature should be within a suitable range; the greenhouse air temperature should be less than or equal to the upper limit of the optimal temperature for the greenhouse crops; and the greenhouse active heat storage and release system needs to enter the heat collection or heat release mode at the appropriate time.

[0048] The optimal control problem can be defined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; where the optimal control problem refers to the control model system used to solve the optimization control problem of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system.

[0049] Specifically, within the control time domain, by solving the optimal control problem according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the control quantities of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain can be obtained. Based on these control quantities, the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system can be controlled to achieve the purpose of regulating the greenhouse environment.

[0050] Among them, the control variables include the time when the system enters the heat collection mode, the time when it enters the heat release mode, and the system's operating frequency.

[0051] Preferably, by solving the optimal control problem, control quantities of other environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components are obtained, as well as the optimal trajectories of greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature are obtained.

[0052] For example, obtaining controllable structural components such as insulation blankets and ventilation windows, obtaining the optimal trajectory of greenhouse air temperature, and the optimal trajectory of greenhouse water tank temperature.

[0053] Specifically, the greenhouse environment model is a greenhouse environment model that includes a greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system. When inputting parameters such as greenhouse structure, materials and specifications, outdoor environmental variables, ventilation windows, insulation blankets and operating control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system, the dynamic changes of state variables such as greenhouse air temperature, greenhouse water tank temperature, surface cooler temperature and enclosure structure surface temperature can be simulated to facilitate solving the optimal control problem.

[0054] S150: On the target day, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is operated based on the operating mode and control quantity.

[0055] Specifically, after obtaining data such as the time when the system enters the heat collection mode, the time when it enters the heat release mode, the system's operating frequency, the controllable structural component insulation blanket, the controllable window control quantity, the optimal trajectory of greenhouse air temperature, and the optimal trajectory of greenhouse water tank temperature, the greenhouse active heat storage and release system can be controlled to operate based on the operating mode and control quantity on the target day to regulate the greenhouse environment.

[0056] Within the control time domain, by solving the optimal control problem, the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain are obtained. Then, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is controlled to operate based on the operating mode and control variables to regulate the greenhouse environment. This eliminates the dependence of existing system operation on human experience, making the system operation control method more efficient and scientific.

[0057] The target date is updated daily; on each target date, steps S110 to S150 of the active heat storage and release control method for the greenhouse are updated.

[0058] The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method provided in this embodiment updates and acquires weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target day, where N is a positive integer; the data is updated daily on the target day; based on the weather forecast data, it is determined whether there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target day, and the judgment result is obtained; based on the judgment result, the operating mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system on the target day are determined; the operating mode includes a diurnal temperature integral operating mode and a continuous daily temperature integral operating mode; the control time domain includes the target day; within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system within the control time domain; the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; on the target day, the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is controlled to operate based on the operating mode and control quantity. By using the above method, since the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints and greenhouse environment model, and the solution is updated every day, the obtained system control quantity is the optimal parameter for regulating system operation. This can maximize the reduction of energy consumption while ensuring efficient photosynthetic growth of crops and promoting crop development, and can effectively improve the operating efficiency of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the judgment result includes the absence of a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops; based on the judgment result, the operation mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day are determined, including: if the judgment result is that there is no situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops, then the operation mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day is the diurnal temperature integral operation mode, and the 24 hours of the target day are taken as the control time domain; within the control time domain, according to the operation mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain, including: determining the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crops can obtain within the control time domain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops within the control time domain; based on the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crops can obtain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops, the control objective and greenhouse state constraints are determined; the control constraints are determined; based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined; the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0060] Specifically, based on weather forecast data, it is determined whether there will be a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, and the judgment result is obtained; if the judgment result is that there is no situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops, then on the target date, the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is the diurnal temperature integral operating mode, and the 24 hours of the target date are taken as the control time domain.

[0061] Furthermore, determine the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain within 24 hours on the target date and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the accumulated temperature available to greenhouse crops and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops, control objectives and greenhouse status constraints are determined; control constraints are then defined.

[0063] Generally, the control objectives and greenhouse state constraints of an active greenhouse thermal energy storage and release system are related to the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops. Therefore, the control objectives and greenhouse state constraints of an active greenhouse thermal energy storage and release system need to be dynamically determined according to the actual situation.

[0064] Furthermore, based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined; the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0065] In some embodiments, the judgment result includes the situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop; based on the judgment result, the operating mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day are determined, including: if the judgment result is that the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop, the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day is a continuous daily temperature integral operating mode, and the date on which the last occurrence of the greenhouse air temperature being lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop is determined, and the time period from the target day to that date is taken as the control time domain; within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain, including: determining the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain within the control time domain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop within the control time domain; based on the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, the control objective and greenhouse state constraints are determined; the control constraints are determined; based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined; the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control quantity of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0066] Specifically, based on weather forecast data, it is determined whether there will be a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, and the judgment result is obtained; if the judgment result is that there is a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops, then on the target date, the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is the continuous daily temperature integration operating mode, and the date on which the last occurrence of the greenhouse air temperature being lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops is determined, and the time period from the target date to that date is used as the control time domain.

[0067] In this scenario, after determining the date on which the greenhouse air temperature last fell below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops, the time period from the target date to that date is used as the control time domain. At this time, the control time domain includes multiple days including the target date, and there may be multiple days within the control time domain where the greenhouse air temperature falls below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops.

[0068] For example, if the target date is July 1st and N=7, and the last time the greenhouse air temperature falls below the biological lower limit of greenhouse crops in the next 7 days is July 4th, then the time period from the target date to that date is July 1st to July 4th. In this case, the control time domain is July 1st to July 4th, a total of 4 days.

[0069] Furthermore, the accumulated temperature that greenhouse crops can obtain within the control time domain and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops within the control time domain are determined.

[0070] Furthermore, based on the accumulated temperature available to greenhouse crops and the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops, control objectives and greenhouse status constraints are determined; control constraints are then defined.

[0071] Furthermore, based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined; the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0072] It should be noted that the control variables obtained from solving the optimal control problem for the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system are only used to guide the operation of the system on the target day. That is, the system will operate based on the operating mode and the obtained control variables only on the target day. On the next day, i.e., the updated target day, the operating mode and the optimal control problem will be redefined. In other words, the optimal control problem will be updated on each target day, the obtained control variables will be updated, and the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system will operate based on the redefined operating mode and the updated control variables.

[0073] For example, the control time domain is from July 1st to July 4th, and the target date is July 1st. Solving the optimal control problem in the control time domain (July 1st to July 4th), the resulting control variables for the active thermal energy storage system are only used to guide the operation of the active thermal energy storage system on the target date (July 1st). On the next day after the target date, July 2nd, the target date will be updated to July 2nd. If, in the next N days starting from the target date (July 2nd), the last date on which the greenhouse air temperature falls below the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop is still July 4th, then the control time domain is updated to July 2nd to July 4th. At this time, it is necessary to redetermine the operating mode and the optimal control problem, update the solution to the optimal control problem, and obtain updated control variables to control the active thermal energy storage system to operate based on the redetermined operating mode and the updated control variables.

[0074] In some embodiments, if the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain is less than the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, then the control objective is determined to be to maximize the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain.

[0075] Specifically, if the accumulated temperature available to greenhouse crops is less than the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops, in order to ensure that crops can carry out efficient photosynthetic growth and promote crop development, it is necessary to control the operation of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system and adjust the greenhouse environment so that the accumulated temperature available to greenhouse crops within the control time domain reaches or approaches the accumulated temperature required by greenhouse crops as much as possible. Therefore, the control objective can be determined as maximizing the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain.

[0076] Specifically, if the 24 hours of the target day are taken as the control time domain, the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the 24 hours of the target day.

[0077] Once the date on which the greenhouse air temperature last fell below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops is determined, the time period from the target date to that date is used as the control time domain, and the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops from the target date to that date.

[0078] Furthermore, when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain, the greenhouse state constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints.

[0079] Among them, the hard constraints are that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops and the water tank temperature of the greenhouse is within a preset range; the soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit temperature of the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops.

[0080] Preferably, for soft constraints, a penalty term can be introduced into the control objective to encourage the solver to satisfy these soft constraints as much as possible.

[0081] Furthermore, the control constraints include the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system only entering the heat collection mode when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the minimum optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse ventilation windows only being able to be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops.

[0082] Preferably, the control constraints include the addition of insulation blanket constraints. The insulation blanket constraints are determined collaboratively by time period, outdoor radiation, and indoor temperature, aiming to ensure the greenhouse environment most favorable for crop growth and development.

[0083] Solving the optimal control problem can also yield control variables for other environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature.

[0084] The accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops in the control time domain.

[0085] In some embodiments, if the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain is greater than or equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, then the control objective is determined to be minimizing the energy consumption of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0086] Specifically, if the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops is greater than or equal to the accumulated temperature required by the crops, it is necessary to control the operation of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system. This aims to ensure efficient photosynthetic growth and promote crop development while minimizing system energy consumption, thereby achieving energy conservation. Therefore, the control objective can be determined as minimizing the energy consumption of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system within the control time domain.

[0087] Specifically, if the 24 hours of the target day are taken as the control time domain, the control objective is to minimize the energy consumption of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the 24 hours of the target day.

[0088] Once the date on which the greenhouse air temperature last falls below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops is determined, the time period from the target date to that date is taken as the control time domain, and the control objective is to minimize the energy consumption of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system from the target date to that date.

[0089] Furthermore, when the control objective is to minimize the energy consumption of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain, the greenhouse state constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints.

[0090] Among them, the hard constraints are that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop and the water tank temperature of the greenhouse is within a preset range; the soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit of the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crop and the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain is equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop.

[0091] It should be noted that when the control objective is to minimize the energy consumption of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system within the control time domain, it is sufficient for the control system to ensure that the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop is equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop. There is no need to increase the system's operating time and frequency to obtain a larger accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop within the control time domain. This can effectively reduce system energy consumption and prevent excessive accumulated temperature from reducing crop yield and quality.

[0092] Preferably, for soft constraints, a penalty term can be introduced into the control objective to encourage the solver to satisfy these soft constraints as much as possible.

[0093] Furthermore, the control constraints include the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system only entering the heat collection mode when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the minimum optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse ventilation windows only being able to be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops.

[0094] Preferably, the control constraints include the addition of insulation blanket constraints. The insulation blanket constraints are determined collaboratively by time period, outdoor radiation, and indoor temperature, aiming to ensure the greenhouse environment most favorable for crop growth and development.

[0095] Solving the optimal control problem can also yield control variables for other environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature.

[0096] The accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops in the control time domain.

[0097] Solving the optimal control problem can also yield control variables for other environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature. Based on the above data, the overall management and control of greenhouse environmental regulation equipment and components can be carried out.

[0098] The optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model. The definition of the optimal control problem is that the system releases heat when the greenhouse air temperature is low and prioritizes heat collection when the greenhouse air temperature is high. The heat collection process is not primarily aimed at cooling the greenhouse and does not negatively affect the photosynthetic growth of crops (i.e., the reference temperature for generating excess heat in the greenhouse during the day is higher than the lower limit of the optimum temperature). During the heat collection process, the opening of the greenhouse ventilation windows is adjusted as needed to coordinate cooling, thereby ensuring that photosynthetic growth takes place within the optimum temperature range as much as possible.

[0099] The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method provided in this embodiment defines and solves the optimal control problem by judging two operating modes: diurnal temperature integration and continuous daily temperature integration. This achieves the system's design mission of "increasing accumulated temperature and maintaining low temperature," ensuring efficient photosynthetic growth and promoting crop development while minimizing energy consumption. When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system cannot guarantee that the greenhouse air temperature reaches or exceeds the biological lower limit temperature through diurnal energy transfer, it comprehensively considers the greenhouse air temperature situation every day from the target date to the last time the greenhouse air temperature falls below the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops in the next N days, and performs cross-day energy transfer to prevent frost damage. While ensuring that the greenhouse air temperature is always not lower than the biological lower limit temperature, it maximizes the control of accumulated temperature in the time domain. When the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crops can obtain is greater than or equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops, it minimizes the system's operating time and frequency to obtain the required accumulated temperature with the lowest energy consumption, so that crop development conforms to the crop growth period plan, ensuring crop product quality and reasonable market launch time.

[0100] In some embodiments, the method further includes: if the control time domain is 24 hours of the target day, then the accumulated temperature TI required for the greenhouse crop on the target day is... o,i The calculation formula is:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, TI sum TI represents the accumulated temperature required for a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; P represents the planned duration of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; i represents the i-th day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop, and 1≤i≤P, where i=1 represents the initial day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; a,i This represents the actual accumulated temperature on day i of a certain growth stage of a greenhouse crop.

[0103] As can be seen from the above formula, the accumulated temperature required for greenhouse crops on the target day is a daily dynamic accumulated temperature: if the target day is the initial day, then the accumulated temperature required for greenhouse crops on the target day is the daily average of the accumulated temperature required for the crop's growth period; if the target day is not the initial day, then the accumulated temperature required for greenhouse crops on the target day is the daily average of the remaining accumulated temperature required for the growth period starting from the target day.

[0104] In some embodiments, the method further includes: if the control time domain is a period from the target date to the date on which the greenhouse air temperature last fell below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops, then the required accumulated temperature TI for greenhouse crops within the control time domain. sum,xc The calculation formula is:

[0105]

[0106] Where, x c For control of the time domain; TI sumTI represents the accumulated temperature required for a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; P represents the planned duration of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; i represents the i-th day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop, and 1≤i≤P, where i=1 represents the initial day of a certain growth stage of the greenhouse crop; a,i This represents the actual accumulated temperature on day i of a certain growth stage of a greenhouse crop.

[0107] As can be seen from the above formula, if the control time domain is the period from the target date to the date when the greenhouse air temperature last fell below the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops, then the control time domain x c The accumulated temperature (TI) required for greenhouse crops sum,xc For dynamic temperature accumulation: if the target date is the initial date, then TI sum,xc The daily average accumulated temperature required for crop growth period and the control time domain x c The product of; if the target date is not the initial date, then TI sum,xc The daily average value of the remaining accumulated temperature required for the reproductive period starting from the target date and the control time domain x c The product of.

[0108] Optionally, the actual daily accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops can be calculated from sensor measurements. Based on this, daily updates of meteorological data, determination of the system's operating mode, and updating and solving of the optimal control problem can improve the system's robustness.

[0109] Alternatively, the active heat storage and release control method in the greenhouse can be implemented by a greenhouse environment controller equipped with remote communication capabilities.

[0110] The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method provided in this embodiment adopts a rolling, non-fixed duration control time domain. Based on the control time domain, the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crops is dynamically calculated. The actual daily accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crops can be obtained from the sensor measurement values. On this basis, the meteorological data is updated and acquired daily, the system operation mode is determined, and the optimal control problem is updated and solved, which can improve the robustness and efficiency of the system control.

[0111] In some embodiments, based on weather forecast data, determining whether the greenhouse air temperature will be lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, and obtaining the determination result, includes: based on weather forecast data, simulating the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system in a diurnal temperature integral operation mode for the next N days starting from the target date, and obtaining the optimal trajectory of the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days; determining the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days based on the optimal trajectory of the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days; and determining whether the greenhouse air temperature will be lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, based on the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days, and obtaining the determination result.

[0112] Preferably, the next N days are 3-7 days.

[0113] This invention also provides a greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system provided by the present invention.

[0114] In this embodiment, the greenhouse active heat storage and release system uses any of the above-described greenhouse active heat storage and release control methods. The greenhouse active heat storage and release system is located in an equipment room inside the greenhouse and includes: a positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit, a hot water storage tank, a circulating water system, ventilation ducts, and a control system. The equipment room includes an inner window and an outer window. The inner window connects the equipment room to the greenhouse cultivation area, and the outer window connects the equipment room to the outdoor environment of the greenhouse. The greenhouse cultivation area is equipped with ventilation windows. The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit includes an air inlet, a primary filter, a evaporative cooling pad, a baffle plate, a surface cooler, a centrifugal fan, an air outlet, and a evaporative cooling pad pump. The hot water storage tank and the surface cooler are connected via a circulating water system. The circulating water system includes circulating water pipes and a circulating water pump. The ventilation ducts connect the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit to the greenhouse cultivation area. The control system controls the operation of the greenhouse active heat storage and release system.

[0115] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage system includes a positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit 210, a hot water storage tank 220, a circulating water system, a ventilation duct 240, and a control system. Figure 2 (Not shown in the image).

[0116] The greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is set in the equipment room 250 inside the greenhouse. The equipment room 250 includes an inner window 251 and an outer window 252.

[0117] The inner window 251 connects the equipment room 250 and the greenhouse cultivation area 260, while the outer window 252 connects the equipment room 250 with the outdoor environment of the greenhouse. The greenhouse cultivation area 260 is equipped with a ventilation window 261.

[0118] Specifically, the greenhouse is also equipped with a greenhouse buffer room 270, which includes an outer door 271 and an inner door 272; the equipment room 250 is located inside the greenhouse in an area close to the greenhouse buffer room 270.

[0119] Specifically, the equipment room 250 can share a wall with the greenhouse gable wall 253; the equipment room 250 is also provided with an equipment room door 254 to isolate the equipment room 250 from other areas inside the greenhouse and protect the components inside the equipment room 250; the outer window 252 is preferably provided on the greenhouse gable wall 253.

[0120] The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating air handling unit 210 includes a unit air inlet 211, a primary filter device 212, an evaporative cooling pad 213, a baffle plate 214, a surface cooler 215, a centrifugal fan 216, a unit air outlet 217, and an evaporative cooling pad water pump 218.

[0121] The hot water storage tank 220 and the surface cooler 215 are connected through a circulating water system.

[0122] The circulating water system includes circulating water pipes 231 and circulating water pumps 232.

[0123] Specifically, the evaporative cooling pad 213 is used in conjunction with the evaporative cooling pad pump 218; the centrifugal fan 216 and the circulating water pump 232 installed on the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit 210 are both equipped with frequency converters.

[0124] Ventilation duct 240 is used to connect positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning and heating unit 210 to greenhouse cultivation area 260.

[0125] The control system is used to control the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system.

[0126] Preferably, for a solar greenhouse, the ventilation duct 240 is preferably placed below the bottom corner of the south roof inside the solar greenhouse, either buried in the ground or placed on the ground, extending along the length of the greenhouse and changing in diameter; the ventilation duct 240 can be equipped with multiple air outlets, which horizontally exhaust air towards the north wall of the solar greenhouse.

[0127] Preferably, the ozone and CO2 gas pipes can be connected to the positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit 210 to expand the ozone disinfection and CO2 supplementation functions of the greenhouse.

[0128] The greenhouse active heat storage and release system provided in this embodiment, compared with existing systems, is equipped with a positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating fan unit. The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating fan unit can be coupled with the evaporative cooling pad. Using a fan, outside air is driven through the evaporative cooling pad, humidified and cooled, and then enters the greenhouse to form a positive pressure environment. The indoor hot air is then discharged through the ventilation openings. Compared with existing negative pressure ventilation technology, positive pressure ventilation technology can centrally filter and disinfect the air entering the greenhouse, effectively preventing external insects, germs, and dust from entering the greenhouse and reducing pests and diseases. Moreover, positive pressure ventilation has lower requirements for the airtightness of the greenhouse, more uniform air supply, and faster air replacement rate, which is conducive to achieving efficient greenhouse environment management. The organic integration of greenhouse active heat storage and release technology and positive pressure ventilation technology, two highly efficient and energy-saving technologies, has great potential to improve the comprehensive environmental management capabilities of solar greenhouses and promote the improvement of greenhouse production quality and efficiency.

[0129] In some embodiments, the operating conditions of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system include heat collection, heat release, and positive pressure ventilation and cooling.

[0130] When the greenhouse active heat storage system is in heat collection mode, the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit are started, the outer window is closed, the inner window is opened, and the ventilation window is adjusted to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner window, be cooled by the surface cooler, and the waste heat of the greenhouse air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank before being transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct.

[0131] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in heat release mode, start the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling unit, close the outer window, open the inner window, and close the ventilation window to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner window, be heated by the surface cooler, release the heat stored in the hot water storage tank, and then be transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct.

[0132] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is operating under positive pressure ventilation and cooling conditions, the centrifugal fan and wet curtain water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit are started, the outer window is opened, the inner window is closed, and the ventilation window is opened to form an external air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows outdoor air to enter the equipment room through the outer window, and is cooled by the evaporation of the wet curtain of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit to form humid and cold air. The humid and cold air is transported to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct, allowing the hot air in the greenhouse cultivation area to be discharged through the ventilation window.

[0133] Preferably, the ozone and CO2 ducts are connected to the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit to expand the ozone disinfection and CO2 supplementation functions of the greenhouse. CO2 or ozone can diffuse into the greenhouse through the internal air circulation to complete the CO2 supplementation or ozone disinfection inside the greenhouse. Under heat release conditions, fresh air can also be introduced and the greenhouse can be dehumidified by partially opening the outer windows.

[0134] Optionally, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system can be installed on greenhouse structures such as solar greenhouses, multi-span greenhouses, and plastic greenhouses.

[0135] The greenhouse active heat storage and release system provided in this embodiment organically integrates two highly efficient and energy-saving technologies: active heat storage and release technology and positive pressure ventilation technology. This allows the system to regulate temperature, humidity, and ventilation in the greenhouse, and also extends its ozone disinfection and CO2 supplementation functions, significantly improving the overall environmental management capabilities of the greenhouse and enabling efficient and high-quality production year-round. Compared to existing greenhouse active heat storage and release systems, this invention successfully expands and integrates ventilation and cooling functions by adding equipment rooms and wet curtains within the fan units. With only a small increase in equipment investment costs, it significantly enhances the greenhouse's environmental control capabilities. Multiple environmental control functions can be implemented based on shared positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan units, ventilation ducts, and control systems, resulting in a high degree of system integration and cost-effectiveness.

[0136] The present invention also provides a specific example of a greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system.

[0137] In this embodiment, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is installed in an area of ​​1125m². 2 The prefabricated flexible greenhouse is oriented east-west, with a length of 90m and a net span of 12.5m.

[0138] To achieve comprehensive control of the greenhouse environment, the greenhouse active heat storage and release system includes a positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit, a hot water storage tank, a circulating water system, ventilation ducts, and a control system.

[0139] The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating air handling unit is located in the equipment room and includes the unit air inlet, primary filter, evaporative cooling pad, baffle plate, surface cooler, centrifugal fan, unit air outlet, and evaporative cooling pad water pump, with each component arranged in sequence.

[0140] The positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit has external dimensions of 3600×2600×2700mm. The outer panel of the casing is made of 0.5mm color steel plate, the inner side panel is made of 0.5mm galvanized plate, and the inner bottom plate is made of 0.7mm galvanized plate.

[0141] The primary filter is made of nylon and is rated G1 (<65% Arr).

[0142] The rated humidification capacity of the wet curtain is 800 kg / h.

[0143] The water baffle is used to block water droplets brought out by the wet curtain and is installed behind the wet curtain in the direction of the wind.

[0144] The rated air supply volume of the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit is 60,000 m³ / h. 3 / h, external pressure is 500Pa.

[0145] The centrifugal fan has a rated power of 22kW and a power supply of 380V.

[0146] The rated heat exchange capacity of the surface cooler is 276.45kW. The coil specifications are 3 rows × 12 fins per inch. The heat exchange tube material is copper, the fin material is aluminum foil, and the collector tube diameter is DN65 with 2 inlets and 2 outlets.

[0147] The effective volume of the hot water storage tank is 13.75 m³. 3 It is made of 304 stainless steel sheet, stamped and formed, then argon arc welded and installed, covered with a polyurethane insulation layer, and installed in the equipment room.

[0148] The surface cooler is connected to the hot water storage tank via a circulating water system.

[0149] The equipment room is located inside the greenhouse and has inner and outer windows. The inner window connects the equipment room to the greenhouse cultivation area, while the outer window connects the equipment room to the outdoor environment.

[0150] The ventilation duct connects the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit to the greenhouse cultivation area environment.

[0151] The greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system mainly operates under three conditions: heat collection, heat release, and positive pressure ventilation and cooling.

[0152] The equipment room is located inside the greenhouse, near the greenhouse buffer zone, and shares a wall with the greenhouse gable wall; the outer windows are located on the south roof of the greenhouse.

[0153] Furthermore, the circulating water system includes circulating water pipes and circulating water pumps; the evaporative cooling pad is equipped with an evaporative cooling pad pump; the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump are equipped with frequency converters, and the maximum frequency of the frequency converters is 50Hz.

[0154] The maximum flow rate of the wet curtain water pump is 10m³ / h. 3 / h, maximum head is 8m; maximum flow rate of circulating water pump is 50m³ / h. 3 / h, maximum head is 20m, rated input power is 5.5kW.

[0155] The ventilation duct is located below the bottom corner of the south roof inside the greenhouse, placed on the ground, and extends along the length of the greenhouse with varying diameters. The ventilation duct is made of fiberglass, and the diameter of the duct changes from DN1000 to DN900, and then to DN600. The ventilation duct is equipped with multiple air outlets, which face the north wall of the greenhouse and discharge air horizontally. The distance between the air outlets is 1.0m, and the diameter of the air outlet is DN150.

[0156] Ozone and CO2 gas ducts are connected to the positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit to expand the ozone disinfection and CO2 replenishment functions.

[0157] In this embodiment, the greenhouse has a large span, and the equipment room and the buffer room are arranged adjacent to each other on the north and south sides. Growers enter the buffer room through the outer door and then enter the greenhouse cultivation area through the inner door of the buffer room, or enter the equipment room through the door of the equipment room.

[0158] When the greenhouse active heat storage system is in heat collection mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit is turned on, the circulating water pump is turned on, the outer window of the equipment room is closed, the inner window of the equipment room is opened, and the ventilation window is opened and closed as needed to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. The indoor air enters the equipment room through the inner window, is cooled by the surface cooler in the fan unit, and is sent back to the greenhouse through the ventilation duct. The waste heat of the indoor air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank.

[0159] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in heat release mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit is turned on, the circulating water pump is turned on at the same time, the outer window of the equipment room is closed, the inner window of the equipment room is opened, and the ventilation window is closed to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. The indoor air enters the equipment room through the inner window, is heated by the surface cooler in the unit, and is sent back to the greenhouse through the ventilation duct. The heat stored in the hot water storage tank is released into the greenhouse air.

[0160] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in positive pressure ventilation and cooling mode, the centrifugal fan and wet curtain water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit are turned on, the outer window of the equipment room is opened, the inner window of the equipment room is closed, and the ventilation window is opened to form an external air circulation in the greenhouse. Outdoor air enters the equipment room through the outer window, is cooled by evaporation through the wet curtain in the fan unit, and the humid and cold air is sent into the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct, while the hot air is discharged through the ventilation window.

[0161] In addition, CO2 or ozone diffuses into the greenhouse through the internal air circulation, completing the greenhouse CO2 replenishment or ozone disinfection; under exothermic conditions, some of the outer windows are opened to introduce fresh air and dehumidify the greenhouse.

[0162] Test results show that the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system has a good environmental control effect. Under positive pressure ventilation and cooling conditions, the uniformity of greenhouse air temperature is ±1.7℃ and the uniformity of greenhouse air relative humidity is ±6.9%.

[0163] The present invention also provides yet another specific example of a greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system.

[0164] In this embodiment, the active thermal energy storage and release system is installed in a multi-span greenhouse. The greenhouse runs north-south, with a span of 17m and a 2m gutter between spans, totaling 4 spans. The total east-west length is 80m, and the total north-south length is 54m. The greenhouse area is approximately 4320m². 2 The equipment room, 4m wide, is located on the east side of the greenhouse.

[0165] To achieve comprehensive control of the greenhouse environment, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system includes a positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning and heating unit, a hot water storage tank, a circulating water system, ventilation ducts, and a control system; among them, a single greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system controls 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the multi-span greenhouse.

[0166] The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating air handling unit is located in the equipment room and includes the unit air inlet, primary filter, evaporative cooling pad, baffle plate, surface cooler, centrifugal fan, unit air outlet, and evaporative cooling pad water pump, with each component arranged in sequence.

[0167] The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit has external dimensions of 3600×2700×2800mm. The outer casing is made of 0.5mm color-coated steel sheet, the inner side panels are made of 0.5mm galvanized steel sheet, and the inner bottom plate is made of 0.7mm galvanized steel sheet. The air delivery volume of the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit is 65,000 m³ / h. 3 / h, external static pressure is 750Pa.

[0168] The primary filter is made of nylon and is rated G1 (<65% Arr).

[0169] The rated heat exchange capacity of the surface cooler is 307.07kW, the rated inlet and outlet water flow rate is 14.84L / s, the coil specification is 3 rows × 14 fins / inch, the heat exchange tube material is copper, the fin material is aluminum foil, the heat collector tube diameter is DN80, and there are 2 inlets and 2 outlets.

[0170] The centrifugal fan has a rated power of 37kW and a power supply of 380V.

[0171] The hot water storage tank measures 7500×2800×2700mm, is covered with rubber and plastic insulation material, and is installed in the equipment room.

[0172] The surface cooler is connected to the hot water storage tank via a circulating water system.

[0173] The equipment room is located inside the greenhouse and has inner and outer windows. The inner windows connect the equipment room to the greenhouse cultivation area, while the outer windows connect the equipment room to the outdoor environment. The inner windows are sliding windows, 1 meter high and 2 meters wide, with a total of 7 windows, evenly distributed from north to south, used to connect the equipment room to the greenhouse cultivation area and switch between internal and external air circulation in the greenhouse.

[0174] The ventilation ducts connect the positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating units to the greenhouse cultivation area. The ventilation ducts include underground main pipes, underground branch pipes, and air outlets extending above the ground; the diameter of the underground pipes varies from DN1000 to DN350mm and is made of fiberglass; the air outlets use DN150 PVC elbows, are located near the gutters, extend about 25cm above the ground, are spaced 2m apart from north to south, and are horizontally oriented towards the center of the greenhouse span, with a total of 2 rows of ventilation ducts per greenhouse span.

[0175] The greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system mainly operates under three conditions: heat collection, heat release, and positive pressure ventilation and cooling.

[0176] The circulating water system includes circulating water pipes and circulating water pumps; the wet curtain is equipped with a wet curtain pump; the centrifugal fan and circulating water pump are equipped with frequency converters, and the maximum frequency of the frequency converters is 50Hz.

[0177] Two evaporative cooling pad pumps are installed, with a maximum flow rate of 9 m³ / h per unit. 3The pump has a maximum head of 7.5m, an output power of 250W, and a diameter of 2mm, ensuring sufficient humidification of the evaporative cooling pad. The rated input power of the circulating water pump is 7.5kW.

[0178] Ozone and CO2 gas ducts are connected to the positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit to expand the ozone disinfection and CO2 replenishment functions.

[0179] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in heat collection mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit is turned on, the circulating water pump is turned on, the outer window of the equipment room is closed, the inner window of the equipment room is opened, and the ventilation windows are opened and closed as needed to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. The indoor air enters the equipment room through the inner window, is cooled by the surface cooler in the unit, and is sent back to the greenhouse through the ventilation duct. The waste heat of the indoor air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank.

[0180] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in heat release mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit is turned on, the circulating water pump is turned on at the same time, the outer window of the equipment room is closed, the inner window of the equipment room is opened, and the ventilation window is closed to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. The indoor air enters the equipment room through the inner window, is heated by the surface cooler in the unit, and is sent back to the greenhouse through the ventilation duct. The heat stored in the hot water storage tank is released into the greenhouse air.

[0181] When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in positive pressure ventilation and cooling mode, the centrifugal fan and wet curtain water pump of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit are turned on, the outer window of the equipment room is opened, the inner window of the equipment room is closed, and the ventilation window is opened to form an external air circulation in the greenhouse. Outdoor air enters the equipment room through the outer window, is cooled by evaporation through the wet curtain in the fan unit, the humid and cold air is sent into the greenhouse through the ventilation duct, and the hot air is discharged through the ventilation window.

[0182] In addition, CO2 or ozone diffuses into the greenhouse through the internal air circulation, completing the greenhouse CO2 replenishment or ozone disinfection; under exothermic conditions, some of the outer windows are opened to introduce fresh air and dehumidify the greenhouse.

[0183] Test results show that the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system has a good environmental control effect. Under positive pressure ventilation and cooling conditions, the uniformity of air temperature in the greenhouse is ±1.8℃, the uniformity of relative humidity in the greenhouse is ±2.3%, the uniformity of CO2 in the greenhouse is ±20.2ppm, and the coefficient of variation is 4%.

[0184] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of active thermal storage and release control in a greenhouse, characterized in that, Applications include: Active thermal energy storage and release systems in greenhouses On the target date, update and obtain the weather forecast data for the next N days starting from the target date; where N is a positive integer; the target date is updated daily; Based on the weather forecast data, determine whether there is a situation in the next N days from the target date where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops, and obtain the determination result; Based on the judgment result, the operating mode and control time domain of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system for the target day are determined; wherein, the operating mode includes a diurnal temperature integral operating mode and a continuous day temperature integral operating mode; the control time domain includes the target day; Within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain; wherein, the optimal control problem is determined based on the control time domain, control objective, greenhouse state constraints, control constraints, and greenhouse environment model; On the target day, the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is controlled to operate based on the operating mode and the control quantity; The judgment results include situations where the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops; The step of determining the operating mode and control time domain of the target day greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system based on the judgment result includes: If the judgment result is that there is no situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops, then the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day is the day-night temperature integral operating mode, and the 24 hours of the target day are taken as the control time domain. Within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain, including: Determine the accumulated temperature and required accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain; Based on the accumulated temperature that can be obtained from the greenhouse crop and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, the control objectives and greenhouse status constraints are determined. Define control constraints; Based on the control time domain, the control objective, the greenhouse state constraints, the control constraints, and the greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined. Solve the optimal control problem to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system in the control time domain; The judgment results include situations where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops; The step of determining the operating mode and control time domain of the target day greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system based on the judgment result includes: If the judgment result is that the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop, then the operating mode of the target day greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system is the continuous daily temperature integration operating mode, and the date on which the last greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop is determined, and the time period from the target day to the date is used as the control time domain. Within the control time domain, according to the operating mode of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system on the target day, the optimal control problem is solved to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain, including: Determine the accumulated temperature and required accumulated temperature of greenhouse crops within the control time domain; Based on the accumulated temperature that can be obtained from the greenhouse crop and the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, the control objectives and greenhouse status constraints are determined. Define control constraints; Based on the control time domain, the control objective, the greenhouse state constraints, the control constraints, and the greenhouse environment model, the optimal control problem is determined. Solve the optimal control problem to obtain the control variables of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system in the control time domain.

2. The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain is less than the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, then the control objective is determined to be to maximize the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain. The greenhouse condition constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints; the hard constraints are that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crops and the greenhouse water tank temperature is within a preset range; the soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit temperature of the optimal temperature for the greenhouse crops. The control constraints include the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system only entering the heat collection mode when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the minimum optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse ventilation windows only being able to be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops. The solution to the optimal control problem also yields the control variables for the environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature. The accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain.

3. The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the accumulated temperature that the greenhouse crop can obtain is greater than or equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop, then the control objective is determined to be minimizing the energy consumption of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system within the control time domain. The greenhouse state constraints include hard constraints and soft constraints; the hard constraints are that the greenhouse air temperature is not lower than the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop, and the greenhouse water tank temperature is within a preset range; the soft constraints include that the greenhouse air temperature is less than or equal to the upper limit of the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crop, and the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain is equal to the accumulated temperature required by the greenhouse crop. The control constraints include the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system only entering the heat collection mode when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the minimum optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops, and the greenhouse ventilation windows only being able to be opened when the greenhouse air temperature is higher than the optimal temperature of the greenhouse crops. The solution to the optimal control problem also yields the control variables for the environmental regulation equipment and controllable structural components, as well as the optimal trajectories for greenhouse air temperature and water tank temperature. The accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop is obtained by solving the optimal control problem when the control objective is to maximize the accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain.

4. The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the control time domain is the 24 hours of the target day, then the accumulated temperature required for greenhouse crops on the target day is... TI o,i The calculation formula is: ； wherein, TI sum accumulated temperature required for a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; P planned duration for a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; i For a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops i Day, and 1≤ i ≤ P , i =1 indicates the initial day of a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; TI a,i For a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops i The actual accumulated temperature of the day.

5. The greenhouse active thermal storage and discharge control method according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: if the control time domain is a time period from the target day to a date on which the greenhouse air temperature last time appears below the biological lower limit temperature of the greenhouse crop, then the required accumulated temperature of the greenhouse crop in the control time domain TI sum,xc The calculation formula is: ； wherein, x c is the control time domain; TI sum is the required accumulated temperature for a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; P is the planned duration for a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; i For a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops i Day, and 1≤ i ≤ P , i =1 indicates the initial day of a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops; TI a,i For a certain growth stage of greenhouse crops i The actual accumulated temperature of the day.

6. The greenhouse active thermal storage and discharge control method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the weather forecast data, the determination of whether the greenhouse air temperature will be lower than the biological lower limit temperature for greenhouse crops within N days from the target date, and the resulting determination, includes: Based on the weather forecast data, the optimal trajectory of greenhouse air temperature for the next N days is obtained by simulating the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system in a diurnal temperature integral operation mode for the next N days starting from the target day. Based on the optimal trajectory of greenhouse air temperature for the next N days, determine the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days; Based on the greenhouse air temperature for the next N days, determine whether there will be a situation where the greenhouse air temperature is lower than the biological lower limit temperature of greenhouse crops in the next N days starting from the target date, and obtain the judgment result.

7. A greenhouse thermal energy active storage and release system, characterized in that, The greenhouse active heat storage and release control method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is set in the equipment room inside the greenhouse, and includes: a positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit, a hot water storage tank, a circulating water system, a ventilation duct and a control system; The equipment room includes an inner window and an outer window. The inner window connects the equipment room to the greenhouse cultivation area, and the outer window connects the equipment room to the outdoor environment of the greenhouse. The greenhouse cultivation area is equipped with ventilation windows. The positive pressure evaporative cooling and heating unit includes a unit air inlet, a primary filter, an evaporative cooling pad, a baffle plate, a surface cooler, a centrifugal fan, a unit air outlet, and an evaporative cooling pad water pump. The hot water storage tank and the surface cooler are connected through the circulating water system; The circulating water system includes circulating water pipes and circulating water pumps; The ventilation duct is used to connect the positive pressure wet curtain air conditioning unit to the greenhouse cultivation area; The control system is used to control the operation of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system.

8. The greenhouse thermal energy active storage and release system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The operating conditions of the greenhouse active thermal energy storage and release system include heat collection, heat release, and positive pressure ventilation and cooling. When the greenhouse active heat storage system is in heat collection mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain cooling and heating unit and the circulating water pump are started, the outer window is closed, the inner window is opened, and the ventilation window is adjusted to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner window, be cooled by the surface cooler, and the waste heat of the greenhouse air is collected and stored in the hot water storage tank before being transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct. When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is in heat release mode, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling air unit and the circulating water pump are started, the outer window is closed, the inner window is opened, and the ventilation window is closed to form an internal air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows the greenhouse air in the greenhouse cultivation area to enter the equipment room through the inner window, be heated by the surface cooler, release the heat stored in the hot water storage tank, and then be transported back to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct. When the greenhouse active heat storage and release system is operating under positive pressure ventilation and cooling conditions, the centrifugal fan of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit and the wet curtain water pump are started, the outer window is opened, the inner window is closed, and the ventilation window is opened to form an external air circulation in the greenhouse. This allows outdoor air to enter the equipment room through the outer window, and is cooled by the evaporation of the wet curtain of the positive pressure wet curtain heating and cooling fan unit to form humid and cold air. The humid and cold air is transported to the greenhouse cultivation area through the ventilation duct, so that the hot air in the greenhouse cultivation area is discharged through the ventilation window.

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