Typhoon storm disaster under urban area disaster prevention measure auxiliary decision system

Abstract

The application discloses a typhoon and storm disaster urban area disaster prevention measure auxiliary decision system, including a geographic information module, a disaster field simulation module, a building function dynamic evaluation module, an active power-off prediction module, a material reserve estimation module, and an evacuation population estimation module. According to the geographic information module and the disaster field simulation module, the disaster field distribution of the monitored area in a certain time range in the future is obtained, which is input into the building function dynamic evaluation module to judge the function state of all residential buildings at different times. Then, the active power-off prediction module and the material reserve estimation module are used to identify the buildings that should take active power-off measures and send material reserve suggestion information, and the evacuation population estimation module is used to estimate the number and spatial distribution of the evacuation population in the study area under the disaster. The application can provide reliable simulation and data support for the decision of the related disaster prevention measures of the urban area under the typhoon and storm disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of typhoon and rainstorm disaster prevention and mitigation technology, and particularly to an auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters. Background Technology

[0002] Typhoon and rainstorm disasters are complex disasters, causing consequences such as urban flooding, widespread water and power outages, electric shocks due to water entering homes, people being trapped, and shortages of water and food. Pre-disaster preparation of supplies and evacuation of relevant personnel, as well as proactive power outages during the disaster, are effective means to reduce damage. However, the current practice is to send out standardized typhoon prevention reminders throughout the city, without considering the varying degrees of impact on different areas. Furthermore, when notifying residents to stockpile supplies, no timeframes are specified, leaving residents without a clear understanding of the required quantities, easily leading to resource waste or insufficient reserves. At the same time, there are currently no specific methods or systems to assist city decision-makers in formulating implementation plans for disaster prevention measures such as pre-disaster evacuation and proactive power outages during disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an auxiliary decision-making system for disaster prevention measures in urban areas under typhoon and rainstorm disasters, so as to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot assist decision-makers in issuing regionally differentiated material reserve notices before the arrival of typhoon and rainstorm disasters, determining the population to be evacuated, and identifying buildings that need to be proactively shut down and the corresponding power outage times during the disaster.

[0004] This invention, combining typical residential building types and construction characteristics in Chinese cities, and considering that urban flooding levels in my country generally do not exceed 2 meters, proposes an auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters. The system mainly includes a geographic information module, a disaster site simulation module, a building function dynamic evaluation module, an active power outage prediction module, a material reserve estimation module, and a population evacuation estimation module; wherein:

[0005] Geographic Information Module: Includes sub-databases for natural information, transportation network information, water network information, power grid information, and building information.

[0006] Disaster simulation module: Utilizing a high-resolution mesoscale weather forecast model (such as the WRF model) system, hourly rainfall and wind speed forecasts for a certain future timeframe (e.g., 48 hours) are obtained from the current moment. First, spatial interpolation techniques are used to obtain the rainfall and wind speed distribution across the entire monitoring area based on the forecast points. Then, the DEM from the natural information sub-database is used as the underlying surface, and it is corrected based on the elevation of the foundation of each residential building. The impermeability of different underlying surface blocks is determined based on land use type data, and a drainage network is established based on the drainage network information from the water network information sub-database. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is used to simulate runoff generation, confluence, and overflow under rainfall. When simulating runoff generation, the catchment area needs to be divided according to the road network topology in the transportation network information sub-database. Finally, a raster file (or vector surface file) of the water depth distribution in the monitoring area at different times is obtained. Based on the spatial distribution of residential buildings, the water depth and wind speed experienced by each power grid and water network node at different times, as well as the indoor and outdoor water depths experienced by each residential building at different times, are extracted and added to the water network information sub-database, power grid information sub-database, and building information sub-database of the geographic information database, respectively. The indoor water depth value of a residential building is the average water depth value of the grids (or water depth vector surfaces) that spatially intersect with the building's outline. The outdoor water depth value of a residential building is the average water depth value of the grids (or water depth vector surfaces) that intersect with the buffer zone created by extending a certain distance from the building's outline, excluding grids or water depth vector surfaces that intersect with the building's outline. The water depth or wind speed experienced by a power grid or water network node is the water depth value of the water depth grid (or water depth vector surface) or the wind speed value of the wind speed grid that spatially intersects with the power grid or water network node point file.

[0007] Building Function Dynamic Assessment Module: This module includes building function assessment frameworks considering multi-system coupling for four types of residential buildings: high-rise residential buildings, multi-story residential buildings, villas, and stacked villas. High-rise residential buildings refer to residential buildings with more than 6 floors, while multi-story residential buildings refer to residential buildings with 4 to 6 floors. Each building function assessment framework includes a resident function assessment framework (F...). h ) and Building Function Assessment Matrix (M b The resident functional assessment framework includes the status of the transportation (T), power supply (E), and water supply (W) subsystems, the physical status (P) of a household, and the functional status (F) of a household. 1s ) and functional status of two or more households (F) 2s+ For a specific building, after inputting the corresponding disaster information, the F value at various times under different sampling results is obtained based on the Monte Carlo method. h The state of each part is determined by M. b Obtain the various functional states F of the building at different times. b (F b The probability of (1 to 6).

[0008] Active power outage prediction module: Iterates through all buildings in the monitoring area. If a building first experiences (1) a household's functional status is in "traffic obstruction state" or (2) the power supply system is in "available state" and a household's physical status is in "basic functional component damage state" or "safety functional component damage state" at time t, the probability is greater than the critical threshold p. thr Then in (tt) pre The building is automatically powered off at any time, with a critical threshold p. thr It should be less than 1 / 3, because when the critical threshold p thr A value less than this ensures that "4" or "5" does not appear in the building's functional status. pre This refers to the advance notice period. When taking proactive power outage measures, it can be achieved by remotely controlling the building's networked (e.g., 4G, wired network, or powerline carrier) circuit breaker.

[0009] Material Reserve Forecasting Module: Based on the disaster information obtained from the disaster simulation module and the implementation status of proactive power outage measures obtained from the proactive power outage prediction module, the data is re-imported into the building function dynamic assessment module for analysis. At this point, the E state of buildings that have implemented proactive power outage measures should be corrected; that is, if a building is in (tt) pre If the power is intentionally cut off at a certain time, the building will be affected from (tt) pre From time ) onwards, the state of E is "unavailable" in every sampling result.

[0010] After obtaining the probability values ​​of all buildings being in different functional states at different times, the state corresponding to the maximum value is taken as the building functional state at that time, and the building functional time series considering active power outage measures is obtained for all buildings. At this time, only states "1", "3", and "6" will appear in non-villa residential buildings, and only states "1", "2", and "6" will appear in villa buildings. In all buildings that do not have state "6", the total time of state "3" in each non-villa building and state "2" in each villa is counted and defined as the disaster time of each building, which is used as a reference for the amount of reserve materials for residents in that building.

[0011] Evacuation Population Prediction Module: Counts information on buildings with status "6" in all types of buildings. If a status "6" appears, the building is considered to be evacuated and all its residents must be evacuated.

[0012] At regular intervals, as the meteorological forecast data is updated, updated information on disaster situation, proactive power outages, material reserves, and evacuation of population will be obtained until the distance between the typhoon center and the monitoring area is less than a certain critical distance. At this time, the monitoring area has not yet been affected by the typhoon and rainstorm. The estimated results of proactive power outages, material reserves, and evacuation of population obtained from the last updated meteorological data will be used as the final results, and information will be sent to inform (1) residents in relevant buildings to prepare materials and evacuate, and (2) the buildings and corresponding power outage times that the power supply department needs to proactively cut off power to.

[0013] Preferably, the natural information sub-database in the geographic information module includes high-precision digital elevation data (DEM) of the monitoring area, land use type data, and historical flood inundation scenario data; the traffic information sub-database includes the road network level and topology; the water network information sub-database contains (1) water supply network information, including network topology, pipe material and length, total water head and water demand of each node, and (2) drainage network information, including node type, bottom and top elevation of the node, bottom starting and ending elevation of the pipe, and pipe diameter; the power grid information sub-data includes power grid topology, substation level, transmission and distribution line level and length, power plant unit capacity, load size of each user node and spatial location of the power distribution room; the building information sub-database includes residential building physical information data (building outline, structural type, geographical location, number of floors, building area, building foundation elevation, etc.) and residential building social information data (family population in each residential building, etc.).

[0014] Preferably, F within the building function dynamic evaluation module h The state of T is divided into "accessible" and "inaccessible"; the states of E and W are both divided into "available" and "unavailable"; P refers to the physical state of the interior of the lowest-lying unit in the building. For high-rise and multi-story residential buildings, the lowest-lying unit refers to the unit on the first floor; for villas, since there is only one resident, the lowest-lying unit is that unit; for stacked villas, it refers to the unit on the lower level. P includes "all components intact", "damaged basic functional components", and "damaged safety functional components"; F 1s This refers to the functional status of the interior of the lowest-level resident's room in a building, including "fully functional status," "basic functionally limited status," "restricted access status," and "traffic-blocked status." 2s+ This refers to the functional status of the interiors of all residents except the lowest-lying resident, and is related to F. 1sCompared to excluding "restricted entry status," this is because it takes into account the typical construction methods of the four types of residential buildings mentioned above in my country and the fact that water levels during urban flooding generally do not exceed 2 meters, meaning floodwaters will not enter two households; the phrase "other residents except the lowest-lying resident" refers to residents other than those on the first floor for high-rise and multi-story residential buildings; for villas, since they only have one resident, to maintain consistency with other types of buildings, "other residents except the lowest-lying resident" refers to the hypothetical upper-floor resident; for stacked villas, it refers to residents other than those on the lower level. b middle When F 1s With F 2s+ When all functions are in full functional state, F b It is in the "1" state; when F 1s When basic functions are limited, if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "2", then F 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "3"; when F 1s To restrict entry into the state if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "4", then... 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "5"; when F 1s When F is in a traffic-blocked state b It is in state "6".

[0015] Preferably, when the outdoor water depth of a building exceeds the "accessible critical value" d t When T is in an "unreachable" state, it is in a "reachable" state; otherwise, it is in a "reachable" state. tThis refers to the maximum water depth that allows for safe travel for people in the water. When the building can be supplied with water and electricity, E and W are in a "usable" state; otherwise, they are in a "not usable" state. Components include basic functional components (bc) and safety functional components (sc). bc includes refrigerators and kitchen stoves, used to fulfill the building's basic functions (i.e., meeting basic needs such as food). For villas and stacked villas, these components only exist on the ground floor of that unit. sc includes bottom sockets, middle sockets, and electronic switches, used to fulfill the building's safety functions (damage to these components can easily lead to electrical leaks and other safety accidents, failing to meet the safety requirements for people inside). For each unit in a villa or stacked villa, these components are included on each floor. When E is "usable," and all bc and sc are not damaged by flooding, P is in a "completely intact" state. When all sc are intact and at least one bc is damaged, P is in a "damaged basic functional component" state. When at least one sc is damaged, P is in a "damaged safety functional component" state. When E is "unavailable," since the building itself is without power, whether the safety function components defined above are damaged is irrelevant to the safety function. The safety function is automatically satisfied when E is unavailable. When all bc are not damaged by flooding, P is in a "complete component intact state." When at least one bc is damaged, P is in a "basic function component damaged state." F 1s and F 2s+ The term "full functional status" refers to a state that simultaneously possesses basic functions and safety functions; "basic functions limited" refers to a state that has lost basic functions but still possesses safety functions; "restricted access status" refers to a state that has lost safety functions; and "traffic obstruction status" refers to a state where the outdoor water depth is greater than or equal to the "accessible threshold value".

[0016] Preferably, for high-rise residential buildings, determine F 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", "basic functional components in damaged condition", or "safety functional components in damaged condition", then F 1s The states are "fully functional," "basic functions limited," and "restricted access," because in these states, each component can receive external water and power supply support, and the loss of basic or safety functions is only related to physical damage to the corresponding component caused by flooding; F h When T is "reachable", E is "available", and W is "unavailable", if P is "all components in good condition" or "basic functional components damaged", then F 1s The condition is "basic functions limited" because when the water supply is cut off, the building's basic functions cannot be achieved regardless of whether the basic functional components are physically damaged (cooking with a kitchen stove requires water). If P is "safety function components damaged", then F... 1sThis is a "restricted entry" state because it is extremely easy for accidents such as electrical leakage and short circuits to occur, causing electric shock or fire; F h When T is "reachable" and E is "unavailable", F 1s All are "basic functions limited"; because the refrigerator in the basic functional components will not work when the power is off. According to research by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, food in the refrigerator should be discarded after 4 hours of power outage. Therefore, it can be approximated that when E is "unavailable," the refrigerator in the basic functional components cannot function, resulting in the inability to meet people's dietary needs, and the building loses its basic function. F 1s All are "Basic functions limited"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s The condition is "traffic disruption" because people cannot safely travel in the water, and buildings are surrounded by floodwaters; Judge F 2s+ When T is "reachable" and E and W are "available", F 2s+ For a "fully functional state", F is in a state where T is "unreachable". 2s+ Under the "traffic disruption state", F is in other operating conditions. 2s+ The reason for the "limited basic functions" is that, analogous to the aforementioned situations, when water or electricity is cut off, residents' dietary needs cannot be met, meaning basic functions are lost. b The aforementioned states "1" to "6" will appear.

[0017] For multi-story residential buildings, since the conventional construction method in my country involves setting up storage rooms at the bottom of the building, the indoor floor level of the first-floor residents is at least 2 meters higher than the outdoor ground level. Therefore, floodwater will not enter the first-floor rooms. In this case, it is determined that F... 1s and F 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Exactly the same. Because for multi-story residential buildings its F 1s and F 2s+ Always remain consistent, therefore M b Only states "1", "3", and "6" will appear in the game.

[0018] For villas, determine F 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", then F 1s It is in a "fully functional state"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s The condition is "traffic disruption"; under other operating conditions, F 1s All are "limited in basic functions" because, for villas, basic functional components are generally located on the ground floor, which is consistent with the criteria for judging high-rise residential buildings. 1sCompared to the situation where people can evacuate to higher floors when the safety features on the first floor are damaged, therefore F 1s There will be no "restricted entry" state because people's dietary needs cannot be met at this time. 1s The basic functions are limited. Because there is only one unit in the villa, it is different from other building types. b Unification, its M b F set in 2s+ Assuming the functional status of the upper-floor residents, when F 1s When F is in "full functionality" or "limited basic functionality" 2s+ For "full functional state", when F 1s When F is in a "traffic disruption state" 2s+ The state is the same, because only with this setting can its M... b The system will only display states "1", "2", and "6" in the middle, and can be kept consistent with other types of buildings when calculating the number of people to be evacuated.

[0019] For stacked villas, determine F 1s F at that time h Determine F in the villa 1s F at that time h They are exactly the same because the lower stack and the villa have the same structure; judge F. 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Exactly the same. Its M b The game will display states "1", "2", "3", and "6".

[0020] Preferably, the building function dynamic evaluation module obtains the various F values ​​of different buildings at different times. b The probability method is as follows: Obtain the probability density functions of water depth resistance and wind speed resistance of substations, distribution rooms, and water pumps, as well as the probability density functions of water depth resistance and inundation time resistance for each component, through experiments or relevant data; at the moment when weather forecast data is obtained, sample n from all hydropower grid nodes such as substations, distribution rooms, and water pumps. simu Sub-depth resistance, extraction of n from power distribution poles simuSecondary wind speed resistance, by comparing the damage state of each node with the disaster experienced by each node at different times, can be obtained for each sampling at all times. Based on this, network flow analysis is used to perform functional analysis on the transmission network and the distribution network under each substation in the transmission network, obtaining the power supply status time series of each load node in the power grid. According to the physical damage state of all water pumps in the water network at different times and whether they are powered, the functional state of the water pumps is determined. Then, the water pressure driven analysis method is used to perform functional analysis on the water network to obtain the water supply percentage of each user node at different times. When it is greater than the water supply percentage threshold, the user node is considered to be able to supply water; otherwise, it cannot be supplied water. Here, each load node and user node is a single building. Thus, n for each building is obtained. simu A combination of time series of states for the power supply and water supply subsystems.

[0021] If a building is not a multi-story residential building, at the moment when weather forecast data is obtained, the water depth resistance values ​​of all components of the building are sampled and compared with the indoor water depth values ​​at all times to determine the failure state of each component and the state of P at different times. This process is repeated n times. simu n can be obtained in one step. simu Given a state-time sequence of P, iterate through all buildings and repeat the above operation. Ignoring the influence of T for now, based on (1), each building in n... simu The E, W, P states and (2)M obtained at different times under the sampling were obtained. b F can be obtained at different times under each sampling. 1s F 2s+ and F b The type of the building's current state, if the building is a multi-story residential building, according to (1) each building in n simu The states of E and W at different times obtained from the sampling and (2)M b F can be obtained at different times under each sampling. 1s F 2s+ and F b The state type of a building i at time t is different from the state type of the building i at time t. b The probability of a certain F at time t is b Number of times With n simu The ratio, that is:

[0022]

[0023] If, at any given moment, the outdoor water depth of a building exceeds the "accessible critical value", then at that moment its F... 1s F 2s+ All have been changed to "traffic disruption status", F b The probability of being in state "6" is changed to 1.

[0024] It should also be noted that (1) if a node or component fails at the current moment in a certain sampling, the node or component will remain in a failed state at subsequent moments in that sampling; (2) the time interval between two adjacent moments must be greater than or equal to the maximum time resistance of the component with the smallest average water depth resistance among all types (bc or sc) components, i.e. This represents the maximum flood resistance during submersion for components belonging to class i. Under this condition, the determination of the component's failure state can be reduced to a single-variable determination, which can be achieved simply by comparing the water depth resistance and the indoor water depth value.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] By defining a building function assessment framework applicable to different building types, it fully considers the functional coupling between transportation, water supply, power supply systems and buildings, while also taking into account the uncertainty of the resistance of each system. It quantitatively describes the disaster outcome of each building under the current predicted disaster situation from a probabilistic perspective, which can effectively assist decision-makers in issuing regionally differentiated material reserve notices before typhoon and rainstorm disasters, determining the population to be evacuated, and identifying buildings that need to be proactively shut down and the corresponding power outage times during the disaster. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modules and execution order in the system of the present invention (the numbers indicate the order of the steps).

[0028] Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the simulated indoor water depth experienced by a building at different times under the influence of a rainfall time series obtained from a certain forecast.

[0029] Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the wind speed time series experienced by a certain power distribution pole obtained from a certain forecast.

[0030] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the resident function assessment framework applicable to high-rise residential buildings.

[0031] Figure 3(b) shows the building function assessment matrix applicable to high-rise residential buildings.

[0032] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the resident function assessment framework applicable to multi-story residential buildings.

[0033] Figure 4(b) shows the building function assessment matrix applicable to multi-story residential buildings.

[0034] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the resident function assessment framework applicable to villas.

[0035] Figure 5(b) shows the building function assessment matrix applicable to villas.

[0036] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the resident function assessment framework applicable to stacked villas.

[0037] Figure 6(b) shows the building function evaluation matrix applicable to stacked villas.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the functional coupling relationship between building components and water and electricity supply systems.

[0039] Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram for calculating the probability of a building being in different functional states at different times.

[0040] Figure 8(b) is a three-dimensional matrix diagram of the subsystems and functional status of each building at different times under each sampling result (taking high-rise residential buildings as an example).

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the building's functional time series considering the initial functional state, active power outage time series, and active power outage measures (taking a residential building at a certain elevation as an example). Detailed Implementation

[0042] This invention proposes an auxiliary decision-making system for disaster prevention measures in urban areas during typhoon and rainstorm disasters, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a geographic information module, a disaster site simulation module, a building function dynamic assessment module, an active power outage prediction module, a material reserve estimation module, and a population evacuation estimation module; among which:

[0043] First, a geographic information module should be established, including a natural information sub-database, a transportation network information sub-database, a water network information sub-database, a power grid information sub-database, and a building information sub-database. All of these sub-databases can be created as file geographic databases (.GBD) using ArcGIS software.

[0044] The natural information sub-database includes high-precision digital elevation data (DEM) of the monitoring area and land use type data, which can be obtained through remote sensing satellite interpretation products. Historical flood inundation scenario data can be obtained through surveys. The transportation information sub-database includes shapefiles containing road network levels and topology. The water network information sub-database contains (1) water supply network shapefiles, with attribute tables including network topology, pipe material and length, total water head and water demand of each node, and (2) drainage network shapefiles, with attribute tables including node type, bottom and top elevation of nodes, bottom and end elevation of pipes, and pipe diameter. The power grid information sub-database includes data detailed down to the substation level. The power grid topology layer (SHP file) includes attribute tables for the power grid topology, substation class, transmission and distribution line class and length, power plant unit capacity, load size of each user node, and spatial location of the substation. The building information sub-database includes SHP layers containing building outlines. The layer attribute tables include physical information data such as the location, structure type, geographical location, number of floors, building area, and foundation elevation of residential buildings, as well as social information data such as the number of households within each residential building. The building type can be determined based on the number of floors and building area of ​​each residential building; if the number of floors is between 2 and 3, it is a villa; if the number of floors is between 4 and 6 and the building area is less than 200 square meters... 2 This refers to multi-story residential buildings with 4 to 6 floors (4 floors consist of two stacks, and 6 floors consist of three stacks, with a total floor area of ​​more than 200 square meters). 2 These are stacked villas; those with more than 6 floors are high-rise residential buildings. Information on transportation, water networks, power grids, and buildings can all be obtained through research.

[0045] Based on various information from the geographic information module, the disaster simulation module utilizes a high-resolution mesoscale weather forecasting model (such as the WRF model) to obtain hourly rainfall and wind speed forecasts for a certain future timeframe (e.g., 48 hours) from the current moment. Specifically, the ncl format file output by WRF is read using the nclread function in Matlab, yielding rainfall and wind speed data at different times for grid points at different latitudes and longitudes. The resulting rainfall and wind speed data have a spatial resolution of 5 km and a temporal resolution of 1 hour.

[0046] First, spatial interpolation technology is used to obtain the rainfall and wind speed distribution across the entire monitoring area based on rainfall and wind speed forecast points. Using Python or ArcGIS software, Kriging interpolation is first applied to interpolate the point wind speeds into a wind speed distribution raster layer and a rainfall distribution raster layer across the entire area. Kriging interpolation is calculated using the following formula: In the formula z(s) i ) represents the measurement value at the i-th position, and λ iLet s0 be the unknown weight at the i-th position, s0 be the predicted value, and N be the number of points.

[0047] Based on existing pipeline network data, without compromising model accuracy, drainage pipe sections of main roads, secondary roads, and connected branch roads are selected. The MIKE URBAN framework is used to establish the pipeline network topology of the monitoring area, and the Project Check tool is used to check the topological relationships between nodes and pipe sections, thus generalizing the node network. Simultaneously, during runoff simulation, catchment areas must first be divided according to the road network topology in the traffic network information sub-database and connected to each rainwater node. Based on land use type data and relevant provisions in the "Urban Flood Control Planning Standards (Draft for Comments)," the impermeability of underlying surface blocks for different land use types can be determined.

[0048] The DEM of the underlying surface in the monitored area is corrected by raising the DEM raster cells that spatially intersect with various types of buildings by a uniform increase of a certain height, such as 0.35m, to obtain the corrected elevation raster image. The specific method is as follows: In ArcGIS, first, create a new field `num` in the building vector file and assign it the value needed to raise the height of each building; then, use the Feature to Raster tool in ArcGIS to convert the building vector file to a raster, selecting `mum` as the field, generating file 1; use the Raster Calculator tool to assign all DEM pixel values ​​to zero, generating file 2; then, use the Mosaic to New Raster tool to merge file 1 and file 2, generating file 3; finally, use the Raster Calculator tool to add file 3 to the original DEM file to obtain the DEM after the buildings are raised.

[0049] Using raster layers of rainfall distribution at different times as input, the MIKE FLOOD software was used to couple a one-dimensional pipe network model built with MIKE URBAN with a two-dimensional terrain model built with MIKE 21, creating a coupled model of the stormwater pipe network and the two-dimensional surface in the monitoring area. Based on this model, runoff generation, confluence, and overflow simulations were performed. As needed, inundation scenarios at different times were exported from the MIKE software, ultimately yielding vector polygon files (.shp) showing the water depth distribution throughout the entire monitoring area at different times, containing polygon features of the same size and number as the DEM raster. Based on the spatial distribution of residential buildings, the "Spatial Connections" tool in ArcGIS software was used to extract the water depth and wind speed experienced by each power grid and water network node at different times, as well as the indoor and outdoor water depths experienced by residential buildings at different times. These data were then added to the water network, power grid, and building information sub-databases of the geographic information database. The indoor water depth value of a residential building is the average water depth value of a vector surface that spatially intersects with the building's outline. The outdoor water depth value of a residential building is the average water depth value of a vector surface that intersects with a buffer zone created at a certain distance from the building's outline (excluding vector surfaces intersecting with the building's outline). The water depth or wind speed value experienced by a power grid or water network node is the water depth value of a water depth raster (or water depth vector surface) or the wind speed value of a wind speed raster that spatially intersects with the power grid or water network node file. When the disaster site is a raster file, the "Extract Multi-Value to Point" tool in ArcGIS can be used to extract the disaster situation of each node. When the disaster site is a vector surface file, the "Spatial Connection" tool in ArcGIS can be used to extract the disaster situation of each node. Figure 2(a) shows a schematic diagram of the simulated indoor water depth changes of a building at different times under the influence of a rainfall time series obtained from a certain forecast. The indoor water depth value is extracted at 1-hour intervals. For example, the water depth extracted at 10:00 represents the water depth from 10:00 to 11:00, and so on. As can be seen from the figure, if the weather forecast data is obtained at 0:00, the hourly rainfall for the next 48 hours can be predicted. The next weather forecast data update time is 3 hours later. Figure 2(b) shows a schematic diagram of the wind speed time series experienced by a power distribution pole obtained from the forecast at 0:00. The next weather forecast data update time is 3 hours later.

[0050] The building function dynamic assessment module includes building function assessment frameworks for four types of residential buildings: high-rise residential buildings, multi-story residential buildings, villas, and stacked villas, considering multi-system coupling. Each building function assessment framework contains a resident function assessment framework (F). h ) and Building Function Assessment Matrix (M b );F h This includes the status of the transportation (T), power supply (E), and water supply (W) subsystems, a household's physical status (P), and a household's functional status (F). 1s ) and functional status of two or more households (F) 2s+);F h The state of T is divided into "accessible" and "inaccessible"; the states of E and W are both divided into "available" and "unavailable"; P refers to the physical state of the interior of the lowest-lying unit in the building. For high-rise and multi-story residential buildings, the lowest-lying unit refers to the unit on the first floor; for villas, since there is only one resident, the lowest-lying unit is that unit; for stacked villas, it refers to the unit on the lower level. P includes "all components intact", "damaged basic functional components", and "damaged safety functional components"; F 1s This refers to the functional status of the interior of the lowest-level resident's room in a building, including "fully functional status," "basic functionally limited status," "restricted access status," and "traffic-blocked status." 2s+ This refers to the functional status of the interiors of all residents except the lowest-lying resident, and is related to F. 1s Compared to excluding "restricted entry status," this is because considering the typical construction methods of the four types of residential buildings mentioned above in my country and the fact that water levels during urban flooding generally do not exceed 2 meters, floodwaters will not enter two households. Therefore, there will be no "restricted entry status" due to water entering the interior causing damage to safety components such as bottom sockets. The so-called "other residents except the lowest-lying resident" refers to other residents not on the first floor for high-rise and multi-story residential buildings; for villas, since there is only one resident, to maintain consistency with other types of buildings, "other residents except the lowest-lying resident" refers to the hypothetical upper-floor resident; for stacked villas, it refers to other residents not in the lower stack. M b middle When F 1s With F 2s+ When all functions are in full functional state, F b It is in the "1" state; when F 1s When basic functions are limited, if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "2", then F 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "3"; when F 1s To restrict entry into the state if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "4", then... 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "5"; when F 1s When F is in a traffic-blocked state b It is in state "6".

[0051] When the outdoor water depth of a building exceeds the "accessible critical value" d t When T is in an "unreachable" state, it is in a "reachable" state; otherwise, it is in a "reachable" state. tThis refers to the maximum water depth that allows people to travel safely in the water. According to relevant research (Cao Liuwei et al., Stability Analysis of People in Floods), it can be taken as 1m. When the building can be supplied with water and electricity, E and W are in a "usable" state, otherwise they are in a "not usable" state. member It includes basic functional components (bc) and safety functional components (sc). bc includes refrigerators and kitchen stoves, used to fulfill the building's basic functions (i.e., meeting basic needs such as food). For villas and stacked villas, these components are only present on the ground floor of that unit. sc includes bottom sockets, middle sockets, and electronic switches, used to fulfill the building's safety functions (damage to these components could easily lead to electrical leaks and other safety accidents, failing to meet the safety requirements for people inside the building). For each unit in a villa or stacked villa, these components are included on each floor. E is "available" when all bc and sc have not been damaged by flooding. P is in "All components are in good condition"; when all SCs are in good condition and at least one BC is damaged, P is in "Basic functional component damaged condition"; when at least one SC is damaged, P is in "Safety functional component damaged condition"; when E is "unavailable", since the building itself is in a power outage state, whether the safety functional components defined above are damaged is irrelevant to the safety function. The safety function is automatically satisfied when E is unavailable. When all BCs are not damaged by flood, P is in "All components are in good condition"; when at least one BC is damaged, P is in "Basic functional component damaged condition".

[0052] F 1s and F 2s+ The term "full functional status" refers to a state that simultaneously possesses basic functions and safety functions; "basic functions limited" refers to a state that has lost basic functions but still possesses safety functions; "restricted access status" refers to a state that has lost safety functions; and "traffic obstruction status" refers to a state where the outdoor water depth is greater than or equal to the "accessible threshold value".

[0053] As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), for high-rise residential buildings, determine F 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", "basic functional components in damaged condition", or "safety functional components in damaged condition", then F 1s The states are "fully functional," "basic functions limited," and "restricted access," because in these states, each component can receive external water and power supply support, and the loss of basic or safety functions is only related to physical damage to the corresponding component caused by flooding; F h When T is "reachable", E is "available", and W is "unavailable", if P is "all components in good condition" or "basic functional components damaged", then F 1sThe condition is "basic functions limited" because when the water supply is cut off, the building's basic functions cannot be achieved regardless of whether the basic functional components are physically damaged (cooking with a kitchen stove requires water). If P is "safety function components damaged", then F... 1s This is a "restricted entry" state because it is extremely easy for accidents such as electrical leakage and short circuits to occur, causing electric shock or fire; F h When T is "reachable" and E is "unavailable", F 1s All are "basic functions limited"; because the refrigerator in the basic functional components will not work when the power is off. According to research by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, food in the refrigerator should be discarded after 4 hours of power outage. Therefore, it can be approximated that when E is "unavailable," the refrigerator in the basic functional components cannot function, resulting in the inability to meet people's dietary needs, and the building loses its basic function. F 1s All are "Basic functions limited"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s The condition is "traffic disruption" because people cannot safely travel in the water, equivalent to buildings being surrounded by floodwaters; Judge F 2s+ When T is "reachable" and E and W are "available", F 2s+ For a "fully functional state", F is in a state where T is "unreachable". 2s+ Under the "traffic disruption state", F is in other operating conditions. 2s+ The reason for "limited basic functions" is that, analogous to the aforementioned situations, when water or power is cut off, the dietary needs of residents on the second floor and above cannot be met, meaning basic functions are lost. b All of the aforementioned states "1" to "6" will appear.

[0054] As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), for multi-story residential buildings, since the conventional construction method for multi-story residential buildings in my country is to set up storage rooms at the bottom of the building, the indoor floor level of the first-floor residents is at least 2m higher than the outdoor ground level. Therefore, floodwater will not enter the first-floor rooms. In this case, it is determined that F 1s and F 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Exactly the same. Because for multi-story residential buildings its F 1s and F 2s+ Always remain consistent, therefore M b Only states "1", "3", and "6" will appear in the game.

[0055] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), for the villa, determine F 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", then F 1sIt is in a "fully functional state"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s The condition is "traffic disruption"; under other operating conditions, F 1s All are "limited in basic functions" because, for villas, basic functional components are generally located on the ground floor, which is consistent with the criteria for judging high-rise residential buildings. 1s Compared to the situation where people can evacuate to higher floors when the safety features on the first floor are damaged, therefore F 1s There will be no "restricted entry" state because people's dietary needs cannot be met at this time. 1s The basic functions are limited because... Figure 7 It is known that the "kitchen stove" component will be unable to function if either the water or electricity supply is interrupted. Since there is only one household in the villa, it is designed to be separate from other building types. b Unification, its M b F set in 2s+ Assuming the functional status of the hypothetical upper-floor residents, when F 1s When F is in "full functionality" or "limited basic functionality" 2s+ For "full functional state", when F 1s When F is in "traffic disruption state" 2s+ The state is the same, because only with this setting can its M... b The system will only display states "1", "2", and "6" in the middle, and can be kept consistent with other types of buildings when calculating the number of people to be evacuated.

[0056] As shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), for stacked villas, determine F 1s F at that time h Determine F in the villa 1s F at that time h They are completely identical because, based on my country's national conditions, the structures of duplexes and villas are generally consistent, meaning that the basic functional components are all located on the lowest level; therefore, F is correct. 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Exactly the same. Its M b The game will display states "1", "2", "3", and "6".

[0057] When determining whether a component is damaged, its water depth resistance and flooding time resistance must be compared with the water depth and flooding time experienced at that moment. Water depth resistance refers to the indoor water depth that each component should reach before it is damaged by water ingress. Flooding time resistance refers to the longest immersion time that the component can withstand without damage. If a component's water depth resistance is less than the water depth experienced at that moment and its flooding time resistance is less than the flooding time, it is considered damaged and will not recover in subsequent moments. Taking a high-rise residential building as an example, investigations and experiments revealed the distribution of water depth resistance F(R) for each component in the interior of the ground floor apartment. depth ) and flooding time resistance distribution F(R) duration All parameters satisfy a truncated normal distribution (based on the indoor floor level), and the parameters are shown in the table below:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] As shown in Figure 8(a), the building function dynamic evaluation module obtains the various F values ​​of different buildings at different times. b The probability method is as follows: through experiments or by consulting relevant data (such as the "MH-HAZUS flood model"), it is obtained that the water depth resistance distribution of substations, power distribution rooms, and water pumps follows a truncated normal distribution. The parameters in the corresponding probability density function are shown in the table below:

[0061]

[0062] According to the "National Standard of the People's Republic of China: Circular Concrete Poles (GB / T 4623-2006)", the probability density function of wind speed resistance distribution for typical distribution poles can be obtained. The parameters of the probability density function of water depth resistance and flooding time resistance distribution for each component are shown in the table above.

[0063] The probability density function of the resistance distribution associated with each water and power grid node and component was imported into MATLAB software. Based on MATLAB software, a sampling function was written to sample n samples from all water and power grid nodes such as substations, power distribution rooms, and water pumps at the time when the weather forecast data is obtained ("t1" in Figure 8(b)). simu Sub-water depth resistance, n-point extraction of distribution pole simuSecondary wind speed resistance, based on the results of each sampling, can be compared with the disaster experienced by each node at different times to obtain the damage status of each node at all times. Based on this, network flow analysis method (see Lee II EE, Mitchell JE, Wallace WA. Restoration of Services in Interdependent Infrastructure Systems: A Network Flows Approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews), 2007, 37(6): 1303-1317) is used to perform functional analysis on the transmission network and the distribution network under each substation in the transmission network, and obtain the power supply status time series of each load node of the power grid (whether the power supply system is available) (see Xue J, Mohammadi F, Li X, et al. Impact of transmission tower-line interaction to the bulk power system during hurricane[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2020, 203: 107079.), where each load node is a single building, the functional state of the water pumps is determined based on the physical damage state of all water pumps in the water network at different times and whether they are powered (for details of this method, see Adachi T, Ellingwood B R. Serviceability of earthquake-damaged water systems: Effects of electrical power availability and powerbackup systems on system vulnerability[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2008, 93(1): 78-88.). Based on the functional state of the water pumps, the water pressure driven analysis method is used (for details of this method, see Tanyimboh TT, Templateman A B. Seamless pressure-deficient water distribution system model[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management, 2010, 163(8): 389-396.) , Functional analysis of the water network is performed to obtain the water supply percentage of each user node at different times. The water supply percentage threshold can be set to 20%. When the water supply percentage is greater than the threshold, the user node is considered to be able to receive water (“available” state), otherwise it cannot be received water (“unavailable” state). Here, each user node is a single building, and thus the n of each building is obtained. simu The combination of the time series of the power supply and water supply subsystem states is shown in the first two layers of the three-dimensional matrix corresponding to each building in Figure 8(b) (i.e., the state of the power supply and water supply subsystems at all times and in all sampling results).

[0064] If a building is not a multi-story residential building (because without considering time T, the status of the water and electricity supply systems is sufficient to determine F), 1s F 2s+ Then according to M b Determine F b Based on MATLAB software, at the moment when the weather forecast data is obtained ("t1" in Figure 8(b)), the water depth resistance values ​​of all components of a building are sampled and compared with the indoor water depth values ​​at all times to determine the failure state of each component and the state of P at different times. If the indoor water depth value is greater than the water depth resistance value of a component, the component fails. This process is repeated n times. simu n can be obtained in one step. simu The state-time sequence of P is repeated for all buildings, as shown in Figure 8(b) in the third layer of the three-dimensional matrix (i.e., the physical state of a household at all times and all sampling results). Ignoring the influence of T for now, according to (1), each building in n simu The E, W, P states and (2)M obtained at different times under the sampling were obtained. b F can be obtained at different times under each sampling. 1s F 2s+ and F b The state type, i.e., the first three layers in each three-dimensional matrix in Figure 8(b), determine the last three layers. A building i is in different F states at time t. b The probability of a certain F at that moment is b Number of times With n simu The ratio, that is:

[0065]

[0066] If, at any given moment, the outdoor water depth of a building exceeds the "accessible critical value", then at that moment its F... 1s F2s+ All have been changed to "traffic disruption status", F b The probability of state "6" is changed to 1. The state corresponding to the maximum probability is taken as the building function state at that moment, thus obtaining the initial building function time series for all buildings, as follows: Figure 9 The diagram shows the initial building function time series of a high-rise residential building. It should be noted that (1) if a node or component fails at a given time during a sampling, that node or component will remain in a failed state at subsequent times during that sampling; (2) the time interval between two adjacent times must be greater than or equal to the maximum time resistance of the component with the smallest average water depth resistance among all types of components (bc or sc), i.e. This represents the maximum flood resistance value for components belonging to class i. Under this condition, the determination of the component's failure state can be reduced to a single-variable determination, which can be achieved simply by comparing the water depth resistance and the indoor water depth value. According to the data in the first table mentioned above, Δt should be greater than or equal to 1 hour. In this embodiment, the time interval between the two time points is taken as 1 hour.

[0067] After obtaining the three-dimensional matrix of each residential building as shown in Figure 8(b) from the building function dynamic evaluation module, the active power outage prediction module traverses all residential buildings in the monitoring area. If a building first experiences (1) a household's functional status is in "traffic obstruction state" at time t, or (2) the power supply system is in "available state" and Physical status of a household The probability of being in a "damaged basic functional component" or "damaged safety functional component" state is greater than the critical threshold p. thr (e.g. p) thr =30%), then in (tt) pre The building can be remotely shut down at any time. pre Two hours is acceptable, meaning the power should be cut off two hours before time t. This is because when the situation shown in (1) first occurs, the building is in state "6," at which point all people inside the building should be evacuated. Therefore, the power should be proactively cut off in advance to avoid potential dangers. When the situation shown in (2) first occurs, it indicates that water has entered the first-floor interior and the water level has reached a certain depth. At the same time, the probability of damage to the indoor circuits (safety function components) has reached a certain level. In this case, the power should also be proactively cut off to the entire building in advance to avoid line damage and potential dangers. When taking proactive power outage measures, it can be achieved by remotely controlling the building's network (such as 4G, network cable, or power line carrier) switch. Figure 9 As shown, the initial building function status of a high-rise residential building is in state "2" from 7:00 to 8:00, which has not yet met the conditions for actively cutting off power. Starting from 8:00, the building is in state "4", which meets the second condition in the active power outage prediction module. Two hours in advance, at 6:00, the active power outage measures are taken for the building.

[0068] Based on the disaster information obtained from the disaster simulation module and the implementation status of proactive power outage measures obtained from the proactive power outage prediction module, the data is re-imported into the building function dynamic assessment module for analysis. At this point, for (tt) pre For buildings that take proactive power outage measures at any given time, the corresponding three-dimensional matrix is ​​(tt) pre At time 00:00, the electronic power supply system is in an "unavailable" state in each sampling. After obtaining the probability values ​​of all buildings being in different functional states at different times, the state corresponding to the maximum value is taken as the building functional state at that time, thus obtaining the building functional time series of all buildings considering active power outage measures, as follows: Figure 9 The dashed line shown represents the building function time series considering the proactive power outage measures, obtained after the proactive power outage measures were taken at 6:00.

[0069] Based on the principle of calculating the functional state of buildings at different times, it can be seen that non-villa residential buildings will only exhibit states "1", "3", and "6", while villa buildings will only exhibit states "1", "2", and "6". The total time during which state "3" occurs in all non-villa buildings and state "2" occurs in all villa buildings that have not yet reached state "6" is defined as the disaster time, serving as a reference for the amount of supplies stored by residents within the buildings. It is also necessary to count whether any of all types of residential buildings exhibit state "6". If so, the building is considered to require evacuation, and all its inhabitants must be evacuated, as the building is now surrounded by floodwaters, and in reality, many residents will be unable to return home due to transportation disruptions.

[0070] Updated weather forecast data is obtained at regular intervals (e.g., every 3 hours). High-performance parallel computing equipment is used to quickly obtain updated information on disaster situation, proactive power outages, material reserves, and populations to be evacuated, until the distance between the typhoon center and the monitoring area is less than a certain critical distance. At this point, the monitoring area has not yet been affected by the typhoon and rainstorm. The result obtained from the last updated weather data is taken as the final result.

[0071] For example, when a high-rise residential building calculates based on the latest updated meteorological data (1) that building b1 should be at t x1 Active power outage at all times; (2) b1 at t x1 If it is expected that the building will be in state "3" for 14 hours after taking proactive power outage measures and will not be in state "6" during the entire disaster, then send a text message to the residents of the building informing them that they will be in a state of water or electricity outage for 14 hours and to determine the amount of supplies to be reserved according to the actual situation of each household; (3) A high-rise building b2 in t x2 If the system is constantly in state "6", it will begin mobilizing the residents to prepare for evacuation and evacuate as soon as possible.

Claims

1. A decision support system for disaster prevention measures in urban areas under typhoon and rainstorm disasters, characterized in that, It includes modules for geographic information, disaster site simulation, dynamic building function assessment, proactive power outage prediction, material reserve estimation, and population evacuation estimation; among which: Geographic Information Module: Includes sub-databases for natural information, transportation network information, water network information, power grid information, and building information; Disaster simulation module: Utilizes the WRF model system to obtain hourly rainfall and wind speed forecasts for a certain period of time in the future at the current moment. Based on information from the natural information, transportation network, and water network information sub-databases, wind and flood fields are obtained through spatial interpolation and hydrodynamic models. Extracts the water depth and wind speed experienced by each power grid and water network node at different times, as well as the indoor and outdoor water depth experienced by residential buildings at different times. Building Function Dynamic Assessment Module: Input is disaster information; this module includes building function assessment frameworks considering multi-system coupling for four types of residential buildings: high-rise residential buildings, multi-story residential buildings, villas, and stacked villas. Each building function assessment framework contains a resident function assessment framework (F... h ) and Building Function Assessment Matrix (M b ); Resident Functional Assessment Framework (F h The data includes the status of the transportation (T) subsystem, the power supply (E) subsystem, and the water supply (W) subsystem, as well as the physical status (P) and functional status (F) of each household. 1s ) and functional status of two or more households (F) 2s+ For a certain building, the Monte Carlo method was used to obtain F at various times under different sampling results. h The state of each part is determined by M. b Calculate the various functional states F of the building at different times. b The probability of; Active power outage prediction module: Iterates through all buildings within the monitoring area. If a building in the monitoring area experiences its first power outage (F) at time t, it detects the first power outage. 1s The probability that a household's physical condition (P) is in a "traffic-blocked state" or "power supply (E) subsystem is in an "available" state and a household's physical condition (P) is in a "damaged basic functional component state" or "damaged safety functional component state" is greater than the critical threshold p. thr Then in (tt) pre The building is automatically powered off at any time, with a critical threshold p. thr It should be less than 1 / 3; Material Reserve Estimation Module: Based on the disaster information obtained from the disaster simulation module and the active power outage implementation status obtained from the active power outage prediction module, the data is re-imported into the building function dynamic evaluation module for analysis. First, the probability values ​​of all buildings in different building function states at different times are obtained. The state corresponding to the maximum value is taken as the building function state at that time. The building function time series considering active power outage measures is obtained for all buildings. Among all buildings that have not appeared in state "6", the total time of appearance of state "3" in each non-villa residential building and state "2" in each villa is counted as a reference for the amount of material reserves for residents in the building. Evacuation Population Prediction Module: Counts information on buildings with status "6" in all types of buildings. If a status "6" appears, the building is considered to be evacuated and all its residents must be evacuated. The updated meteorological forecast data is input into the disaster site simulation module at regular intervals for cyclical calculation until the distance between the typhoon center and the monitoring area is less than a certain critical distance. At this time, the monitoring area has not yet been affected by the typhoon and rainstorm. The results of the proactive power outage, material reserves, and population evacuation estimates calculated based on the last updated meteorological data serve as the basis for final implementation. The Resident Function Assessment Framework (F) within the Building Function Dynamic Assessment Module h The status of the transportation (T) subsystem is divided into "accessible" and "inaccessible"; the status of the power supply (E) subsystem and the water supply (W) subsystem are both divided into "available" and "unavailable"; the physical status (P) of a household refers to the physical status of the interior of the lowest-level household in the building, including "all components intact", "basic functional components damaged", and "safety functional components damaged"; the functional status (F) of a household... 1s This refers to the functional status of the interior of the lowest-level resident's room in a building, including "fully functional status", "basic functionally limited status", "restricted access status", "traffic-blocking status", and the functional status of two or more households (F). 2s+ This refers to the functional status of the interiors of all residents except those in the lowest-lying unit, and is related to F. 1s Compared to not including "restricted entry status"; Building Function Assessment Matrix (M b ) fell into F 1s With F 2s+ When all functions are in full functional state, F b It is in the "1" state; when F 1s When basic functions are limited, if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "2", then F 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "3"; when F 1s To restrict entry into the state if F 2s+ For a fully functional state, then F b If F is in state "4", then... 2s+ If the basic functions are limited, then F b It is in state "5"; when F 1s When F is in a traffic-blocked state b It is in state "6".

2. The auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural information sub-database in the geographic information module includes high-precision digital elevation (DEM) of the monitoring area, land use type, and historical flood inundation scenario data; the transportation information sub-database includes the road network level and topology; the water network information sub-database contains (1) the topology of the water supply network, pipe material and length, total water head of the water source and water demand of each node, (2) the node type of the drainage network, the bottom and top elevations of the nodes, the bottom starting and ending elevations of the pipes, and the pipe diameter; the power grid information sub-data includes the power grid topology, substation level, transmission and distribution line level and length, power plant unit capacity, load size of each user node and spatial location of the substation; the building information sub-database includes building physical information data and building social information data.

3. The auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the outdoor water depth of a building exceeds the "accessible critical value" d t When the traffic (T) subsystem is in an "unreachable" state, it is in an "reachable" state; otherwise, it is in an "reachable" state. t This refers to the maximum water depth that allows people to travel safely in the water; when the building can be supplied with water and electricity, the power supply (E) subsystem and the water supply (W) subsystem are in an "available" state, otherwise they are in an "unavailable" state; The components include basic functional components (bc) and safety functional components (sc). bc includes refrigerators and kitchen stoves; sc includes bottom sockets, middle sockets, and electronic switches. For each unit in a villa or stacked villa, this includes these components on each floor. When the power supply (E) subsystem is "available," and all bc and sc are not damaged by flooding, a unit's physical state (P) is in "all components intact." When all sc are intact and at least one bc is damaged, a unit's physical state (P) is in "basic functional component damaged." When at least one sc is damaged, a unit's physical state (P) is in "safety functional component damaged." When the power supply (E) subsystem is "unavailable," and all bc are not damaged by flooding, a unit's physical state (P) is in "all components intact." When at least one bc is damaged, a unit's physical state (P) is in "basic functional component damaged." The basic function of a building refers to its ability to meet basic human needs such as food, while its safety function refers to its ability to meet human life safety needs. 1s and F 2s+ The term "fully functional state" refers to a state that simultaneously possesses basic functions and safety functions; "basic functions limited" refers to a state that has lost basic functions but still possesses safety functions; "restricted access state" refers to a state that has lost safety functions; and "traffic blocked state" refers to a state where the outdoor water depth is greater than or equal to the "accessible threshold".

4. The auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, For high-rise residential buildings, determine F 1s At that time, the Resident Functional Assessment Framework (F) h In the context of F, when the transportation (T) subsystem is "accessible", the power supply (E) subsystem and the water supply (W) subsystem are "available", and a household's physical status (P) is "all components intact", "basic functional components damaged", or "safety functional components damaged", then F 1s The states are "Full Functionality", "Limited Basic Functionality", and "Restricted Access"; F h When T is "reachable", E is "available", and W is "unavailable", if P is "all components intact" or "basic functional components damaged", F 1s If P represents "basic functions are limited", and P represents "safety function components are damaged", then F 1s "Restricted entry status"; F h When T is "reachable" and E is "unavailable", F 1s For "basic functionality limited"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s The condition is "traffic disruption"; determine F. 2s+ When T is "reachable" and E and W are "available", F 2s+ For a "fully functional state", F is in a state where T is "unreachable". 2s+ Under the "traffic disruption state", F is in other operating conditions. 2s+ It is "limited in basic functions"; its M b The aforementioned states "1" to "6" will appear; for multi-story residential buildings, determine F. 1s and F 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Exactly the same, M b Only states "1", "3", and "6" will appear in the middle; for villas, determine F. 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", then F 1s For a "fully functional state", F is in a state where T is "unreachable". 1s Under the "traffic disruption state", F is in other operating conditions. 1s All are "basic functions limited", so judge F 2s+ When F 1s When F is in "Full Functionality" or "Limited Basic Functionality" 2s+ For "full functional state", when F 1s When F is in "traffic disruption state" 2s+ The state is the same as that of its M b The state will be "1", "2", or "6"; for stacked villas, determine F. 1s At that time, F h When T represents "reachable", E and W represent "available", and P represents "all components in good condition", F 1s For "fully functional state"; when T is "unreachable", F 1s "Traffic disruption state"; F under other operating conditions 1s "Basic functions are limited"; determine F 2s+ F at that time h Judgment F with high-rise residential buildings 2s+ F at that time h Completely identical, its M b The game will display states "1", "2", "3", and "6".

5. The auxiliary decision-making system for urban disaster prevention measures under typhoon and rainstorm disasters as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The building function dynamic assessment module obtains the various F values ​​of different buildings at different times. b The method for determining probability is as follows: The probability density functions of water depth resistance and wind speed resistance of substations, distribution rooms, and water pumps, as well as the probability density functions of water depth resistance and inundation time resistance for each component, are obtained through experiments or relevant data. At the time when weather forecast data is obtained, n samples are taken from all hydropower grid nodes such as substations, distribution rooms, and water pumps. simu Sub-water depth resistance, n samples taken from all distribution poles simu Secondary wind speed resistance, by comparing the damage state of each node with the disaster experienced by each node at different times, can be obtained for each sampling at all times. Based on this, network flow analysis is used to perform functional analysis on the transmission network and the distribution network under each substation in the transmission network, obtaining the power supply status time series of each load node in the power grid. According to the physical damage state of all water pumps in the water network at different times and whether they are powered, the functional state of the water pumps is determined. Then, the water pressure driven analysis method is used to perform functional analysis on the water network to obtain the water supply percentage of each user node at different times. When it is greater than the water supply percentage threshold, the user node is considered to be able to supply water; otherwise, it cannot be supplied water. Here, each load node and user node is a single building. Thus, n for each building is obtained. simu A combination of the state time series of the power supply and water supply subsystems; If a building is not a multi-story residential building, at the moment when weather forecast data is obtained, the water depth resistance values ​​of all components of the building are sampled and compared with the indoor water depth values ​​at all times to determine the failure state of each component and the state of P at different times. This process is repeated n times. simu n can be obtained in one step. simu The state-time sequence of P is iterated through all buildings, and the above operation is repeated; without considering the influence of T, according to (1), each building in n simu The states of E, W, and P at different times obtained from the second sampling and (2)M b F can be obtained at different times under each sampling. 1s F 2s+ and F b The state type, if the building is a multi-story residential building, depends only on the states of E and W at different times and M. b That's all; A building is in different states of F at different times b The probability of F at different times is... b The number of occurrences and n simu The ratio; traversing all buildings, if at a certain moment the outdoor water depth of a building is greater than the "accessible critical value", then at that moment its F 1s F 2s+ All have been changed to "traffic disruption status", F b The probability of being in state "6" is changed to 1; At the same time, it is necessary to note that (1) if a node or component is damaged at the current time in a certain sampling, the node or component will remain damaged at subsequent times in that sampling; (2) the time interval between two adjacent times should be greater than or equal to the maximum time resistance of the component with the smallest average water depth resistance among all types of components. Under this condition, the determination of the component damage state can be reduced to a single variable determination, which can be achieved by comparing the water depth resistance and the indoor water depth value.

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