An arrangement for a fusion reactor blanket system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion reactors, and discloses an arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system, which comprises a supporting assembly, a positioning assembly and a fixing assembly, the outer contour of the supporting assembly is fixedly attached to the inner wall of a vacuum chamber; the supporting assembly comprises a plurality of poloidal supporting rings and a plurality of toroidal supporting rings, the poloidal supporting rings are arranged in a circle among the poloidal supporting rings, the toroidal supporting rings are arranged along the contour line of the poloidal supporting rings, and the poloidal supporting rings and the toroidal supporting rings are combined to form a toroidal cage frame for mounting blanket modules; the positioning assembly is mounted on the supporting assembly to facilitate the installation and positioning of the blanket modules; and the fixing assembly is mounted on the supporting assembly to facilitate the fixation of the blanket modules; the positioning assembly and the fixing assembly are integrated on the supporting assembly, so that the integration degree of the blanket module mounting structure is improved, the number of welds and the welding workload are reduced, the influence of too many welds on the vacuum chamber is avoided, and subsequent maintenance work can be conveniently carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion reactor technology, and in particular to an arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, the demand for energy in various countries is increasing. However, non-renewable energy resources on Earth are finite, making energy conservation one of the most pressing issues facing all nations. Nuclear fusion energy is a new type of clean energy, and controlled nuclear fusion is an important area of ​​research and exploration actively pursued by countries worldwide. Magnetic confinement fusion devices are currently a major type of device for researching controlled nuclear fusion, and their research is of great significance for realizing commercial fusion reactors. A magnetic confinement fusion device is a device that uses a magnetic field to confine plasma in a vacuum chamber to undergo a fusion reaction, releasing enormous energy. It is an ideal energy alternative for converting thermal energy into electrical energy.

[0003] The blanket is one of the main components of a magnetic confinement fusion device. It is located inside the vacuum chamber near the plasma reaction region. The arrangement of the fusion reactor blanket system in the vacuum chamber is a key technology in the blanket design, affecting the space occupied by the blanket in the vacuum chamber and the interface design with other systems. The blanket is installed inside the vacuum chamber with its back close to the vacuum chamber and its front facing the plasma. When designing the blanket, it is necessary to consider the installation of the blanket shielding block and the vacuum chamber, as well as the arrangement and fixation of the cooling pipes within the limited space.

[0004] In existing fusion reactor devices, a method is used where fixing devices are pre-installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, and then the blanket is directly fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber using bolts. This method requires pre-machining mounting holes on the vacuum chamber corresponding to the number of blanket layers and welding a corresponding number of fixing devices. Since there are many blanket layers, this results in a large workload for machining mounting holes and welding fixing devices. Furthermore, the numerous welds affect the outline of the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, thus affecting the assembly accuracy of the blanket and the vacuum chamber. These welded fixing devices also cause difficulties for subsequent maintenance of the vacuum chamber. Additionally, to support the cooling pipes of the blanket system, a large number of support structures need to be welded to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. This not only makes the inner wall of the vacuum chamber cluttered but also occupies a significant amount of space in the thickness direction of the vacuum chamber, further hindering future maintenance of the vacuum chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the integration of the blanket installation and reduce the impact of the blanket installation on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system, including a support component, a positioning component and a fixing component, wherein the outer contour of the support component is fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.

[0006] The support assembly includes multiple polar support rings and multiple circumferential support rings. The multiple polar support rings are arranged circumferentially among each other, and the multiple circumferential support rings are arranged along the outline of the polar support rings. The multiple polar support rings and the multiple circumferential support rings are combined to form an annular cage frame for mounting the cladding module.

[0007] The positioning component includes a polar positioning element and a circumferential positioning element. The polar positioning element and the circumferential positioning element are respectively installed on the surface of the circumferential support ring away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber and the surface of the polar support ring away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, so as to facilitate the installation and positioning of the cladding module on the polar support ring and the circumferential support ring.

[0008] The fixing assembly includes a bolt structure installed on the polar support ring and a nut structure installed on the cladding module, so as to fix the cladding module to the support assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the polar support ring includes a high-field side support and a low-field side support, and the circumferential support ring includes a plurality of side support rings disposed between adjacent polar support rings.

[0010] Preferably, the high-field side support and the low-field side support are provided with a first pipe mounting groove for installing cooling pipes, and the side support ring is provided with a second pipe mounting groove for installing cooling pipes, and the first pipe mounting groove and the second pipe mounting groove are connected.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling pipe includes a main pipe and a branch pipe that are connected. The main pipe is installed in the first pipe mounting groove and has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe that pass through the support assembly. The branch pipe is installed in the second pipe mounting groove and is connected to the cladding module.

[0012] Preferably, the circumferential positioning component includes a first main body, a first adjusting pad, and a first fastening bolt. The first main body is fixed to the polar support ring, and the first adjusting pad is fixed to the first main body by the first fastening bolt and is used to limit the position of the cladding module in the circumferential direction.

[0013] Preferably, the polar positioning component includes a second main body, a second adjusting pad, and a second fastening bolt. The second main body is fixed to the circumferential support ring, and the second adjusting pad is fixed to the second main body by the second fastening bolt and is used to limit the position of the cladding module in the polar direction.

[0014] Preferably, the first main body is connected to the polar support ring by bolts, and the second main body is welded to the circumferential support ring.

[0015] Preferably, the cladding module includes a positioning groove, a branch pipe welding hole, and a nut mounting hole. The positioning groove is adapted to the positioning component to limit the position of the cladding module. The branch pipe welding hole is used to weld and fix the branch pipe, and the nut mounting hole is used to fix and install the nut structure.

[0016] Preferably, the polar support ring has bolt mounting holes on the surface opposite to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. The bolt structure includes a mounting component and a main bolt. The main bolt is sleeved in the mounting component, the mounting component is fixed in the bolt mounting holes, and the main bolt is connected to the nut structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

[0018] Compared to the traditional structure where a single cladding module is fixed to the inner wall of a vacuum chamber using corresponding fixing devices and mounting holes, this invention uses a support assembly to fix the cladding module to the vacuum chamber, then integrates the positioning and fixing assemblies onto the support assembly, and finally installs the cladding module onto the support assembly using the positioning and fixing assemblies. This improves the integration of the cladding module installation structure, reduces the amount of welding work and the number of welds when installing the cladding module on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, thereby improving the assembly accuracy between the cladding module and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, avoiding the impact of excessive welds on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, reducing labor costs, and facilitating subsequent maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the support component of the present invention after the cladding module is installed;

[0020] Figure 2 This is another partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the support component of the present invention after the cladding module is installed;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the support component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polar support ring of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side support ring in the circumferential support ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polar positioning component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential positioning component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the bolt structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the nut structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling pipe structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cladding module of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Support assembly; 11. Polar support ring; 111. High field side bracket; 112. Low field side bracket; 113. Bolt mounting hole; 12. Circumferential support ring; 121. Side support ring; 13. First pipe mounting groove; 14. Second pipe mounting groove;

[0031] 2. Positioning assembly; 21. Polar positioning component; 211. Second main key; 212. Second adjusting pad; 213. Second fastening bolt; 22. Circumferential positioning component; 221. First main key; 222. First adjusting pad; 223. First fastening bolt

[0032] 3. Fixing components; 31. Bolt structure; 311. Mounting components; 312. Main bolt; 32. Nut structure;

[0033] 4. Cooling pipes; 41. Main pipe; 42. Branch pipe;

[0034] 5. Cladding module; 51. Positioning groove; 52. Branch pipe welding hole; 53. Nut mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system, which includes a support component 1, a positioning component 2 and a fixing component 3, wherein the outer contour of the support component 1 is fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber;

[0037] The support assembly 1 includes a plurality of polar support rings 11 and a plurality of circumferential support rings 12. The plurality of polar support rings 11 are arranged circumferentially among each other, and the plurality of circumferential support rings 12 are arranged along the outline of the polar support rings 11. The plurality of polar support rings 11 and the plurality of circumferential support rings 12 are combined to form an annular cage frame for mounting the cladding module 5.

[0038] The positioning component 2 includes a polar positioning element 21 and a circumferential positioning element 22. The polar positioning element 21 and the circumferential positioning element 22 are respectively installed on the surface of the circumferential support ring 12 away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber and the surface of the polar support ring 11 away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, so that the cladding module 5 can be installed on the polar support ring 11 and the circumferential support ring 12.

[0039] The fixing component 3 includes a bolt structure 31 installed on the polar support ring 11 and a nut structure 32 installed on the cladding module 5, so as to fix the cladding module 5 to the support component 1.

[0040] Specifically, the vacuum chamber in the fusion reactor of this invention has a ring-shaped structure. Therefore, the frame formed by combining multiple poloidal support rings 11 and circumferential support rings 12 is also a ring-shaped cage frame, and the outer contour of the frame fits against the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The support component 1 shown is part of the entire annular cage frame. This part is a standard sector segment, which also reveals the structure of the entire annular cage frame of support component 1. The entire annular cage frame is fixed to the vacuum chamber by methods including but not limited to welding or bolting. The positioning component 2 for installing and positioning the cladding module 5 and the fixing component 3 for fixing the cladding module 5 are both set on the annular cage frame of support component 1. Compared with the traditional method where one cladding module 5 corresponds to one fixing device and a set of mounting holes on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, the annular cage frame can integrate the installation structure and positioning structure of the cladding module 5 on the annular cage frame of support component 1, thereby reducing the number of connection points with the vacuum chamber. That is, it can reduce the number of welding positions and the number of pre-drilled mounting holes in the vacuum chamber, thereby reducing the amount of welding and installation work, and avoiding the impact of too many welds on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the polar support ring 11 includes a high-field side support 111 and a low-field side support 112, and the circumferential support ring 12 includes a plurality of side support rings 121 disposed between adjacent polar support rings 11.

[0042] Specifically, within the annular vacuum chamber, the poloidal support ring 11 can be divided into a high-field side support 111 and a low-field side support 112 based on its distance from the center. Similarly, the side support rings 121 in the annular support ring 12 can also be divided into a high-field side support ring 121 and a low-field side support ring 121. The high-field side support ring 121 is located between two adjacent high-field side supports 111, while the low-field side support ring 121 is located between two adjacent low-field side supports 112.

[0043] In addition, it should be noted that, according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be understood that in some embodiments, since the vacuum chamber is a ring structure, and within a standard sector segment, the arc length of the outer side is greater than that of the inner side, the middle polar support ring 11 of the three polar support rings 11 only includes a low field side support 112, which is connected to the two adjacent low field sides through a low field side support ring 121.

[0044] Furthermore, both the polar support ring 11 and the circumferential support ring 12 are made of stainless steel, and the connection methods between the polar support ring 11 and the circumferential support ring 12 and other structures include, but are not limited to, bolt connection or welding.

[0045] In some embodiments, the high-field side support 111 and the low-field side support 112 are provided with a first pipe mounting groove 13 for installing the cooling pipe 4, and the side support ring 121 is provided with a second pipe mounting groove 14 for installing the cooling pipe 4. The first pipe mounting groove 13 and the second pipe mounting groove 14 are connected.

[0046] like Figure 10 As shown, the cooling pipe 4 includes a main pipe 41 and a branch pipe 42 connected together. The main pipe 41 is installed in the first pipe mounting groove 13 and is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe passing through the support assembly 1. The branch pipe 42 is installed in the second pipe mounting groove 14 and is connected to the cladding module 5.

[0047] Specifically, by setting a first pipe mounting groove 13 in the high-field side support 111 and the low-field side support 112, and setting a second pipe mounting groove 14 in the side support ring 121, the cooling pipe 4 of the cladding module 5 can be housed in the support assembly 1, without having to install additional support and fixing devices for the cooling pipe 4 on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. This further reduces the number of devices that need to be directly welded and fixed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, reduces the number of welds on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, reduces workload, and makes the inner wall of the vacuum chamber cleaner, making subsequent maintenance more convenient and faster.

[0048] In addition, the material of the cooling pipe 4 is stainless steel, and the installation method of the cooling pipe 4 and the support component 1 includes, but is not limited to, bolt connection or welding; and the number of branch pipes 42 applied to each cladding module 5 includes, but is not limited to, two.

[0049] like Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the circumferential positioning member 22 includes a first main body 221, a first adjusting pad 222 and a first fastening bolt 223. The first main body 221 is fixed to the polar support ring 11, and the first adjusting pad 222 is fixed to the first main body 221 by the first fastening bolt 223 and is used to limit the position of the cladding module 5 in the circumferential direction.

[0050] Specifically, the material of the circumferential positioning component 22 is stainless steel, and the number of components used in each cladding module 5 includes, but is not limited to, two. The circumferential positioning components 22 are respectively disposed on both sides of the cladding module 5 along the circumferential direction of the vacuum chamber, which can limit the position of the cladding module 5 in the circumferential direction and prevent the position of the cladding module 5 from becoming loose or shifted.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the polar positioning member 21 includes a second main body 211, a second adjusting pad 212 and a second fastening bolt 213. The second main body 211 is fixed to the circumferential support ring 12, and the second adjusting pad 212 is fixed to the second main body 211 by the second fastening bolt 213 and is used to limit the position of the cladding module 5 in the polar direction.

[0052] Specifically, the material of the polar positioning component 21 is stainless steel, and the number of components used in each cladding module 5 includes, but is not limited to, one. The polar positioning component 21 is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the cladding module 5, which can restrict the movement trend of the cladding module 5 in the polar direction and realize the positioning of the cladding module 5.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first main body 221 is connected to the polar support ring 11 by bolts, while the second main body 211 is welded to the circumferential support ring 12.

[0054] like Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the cladding module 5 includes a positioning groove 51, a branch pipe welding hole 52, and a nut mounting hole 53. The positioning groove 51 is adapted to the positioning component 2 to limit the position of the cladding module 5. The branch pipe welding hole 52 is used to weld and fix the branch pipe 42, and the nut mounting hole 53 is used to fix and install the nut structure 32.

[0055] Specifically, the cladding module 5 is a T-shaped block structure. Its smaller side is installed between the polar support ring 11 and the circumferential support ring 12. In the circumferential direction, the cladding module 5 is positioned by a positioning groove 51 that is adapted to the circumferential positioning member 22 to limit the position of the cladding module 5. In the polar direction, the cladding module 5 can also be provided with a positioning groove 51 corresponding to the polar positioning member 21 to limit the position of the cladding module 5 in the polar direction. The branch pipe 42 in the cooling pipe 4 is fixed to the cladding module 5 through the branch pipe welding hole 52 and is connected to the internal structure of the cladding module 5, thereby realizing the normal circulation of cooling water.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the polar support ring 11 has a bolt mounting hole 113 on the surface away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. The bolt structure 31 includes a mounting component 311 and a main bolt 312. The main bolt 312 is sleeved in the mounting component 311, the mounting component 311 is fixed in the bolt mounting hole 113, and the main bolt 312 is connected to the nut structure 32.

[0057] Specifically, there are four bolt structures 31 and four nut structures 32. The nut structures 32 are located at the four corners of the cladding module 5, while a polar support ring 11 has multiple bolt mounting holes 113 corresponding to multiple cladding modules 5.

[0058] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system, which can integrate the positioning component 2, fixing component 3, and cooling pipe 4 and other accessory structures of the blanket module 5 onto the support component 1. This avoids the problems of large installation workload and numerous and messy welds on the vacuum inner wall caused by directly installing the above-mentioned numerous structures on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, reduces the impact on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, improves the assembly accuracy of the blanket module 5 and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, and also reduces the trouble of subsequent maintenance of the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system, characterized in that, It includes a support component, a positioning component, and a fixing component, wherein the outer contour of the support component is fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber; The support assembly includes multiple polar support rings and multiple circumferential support rings. The multiple polar support rings are arranged circumferentially among each other, and the multiple circumferential support rings are arranged along the outline of the polar support rings. The multiple polar support rings and the multiple circumferential support rings are combined to form an annular cage frame for mounting the cladding module. The positioning component includes a polar positioning element and a circumferential positioning element. The polar positioning element and the circumferential positioning element are respectively installed on the surface of the circumferential support ring away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber and the surface of the polar support ring away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, so as to facilitate the installation and positioning of the cladding module on the polar support ring and the circumferential support ring. The fixing component includes a bolt structure installed on the polar support ring and a nut structure installed on the cladding module, so as to fix the cladding module to the support component; The polar support ring includes a high-field side support and a low-field side support, and the circumferential support ring includes a plurality of side support rings disposed between adjacent polar support rings; The high-field side support and the low-field side support are provided with a first pipe mounting groove for installing cooling pipes, and the side support ring is provided with a second pipe mounting groove for installing cooling pipes. The first pipe mounting groove and the second pipe mounting groove are connected. The circumferential positioning component includes a first main body, a first adjusting pad, and a first fastening bolt. The first main body is fixed to the polar support ring, and the first adjusting pad is fixed to the first main body by the first fastening bolt and is used to limit the position of the cladding module in the circumferential direction.

2. The arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling pipe includes a main pipe and a branch pipe that are connected. The main pipe is installed in the first pipe mounting groove and has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe that pass through the support assembly. The branch pipe is installed in the second pipe mounting groove and is connected to the cladding module.

3. The arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polar positioning component includes a second main body, a second adjusting pad, and a second fastening bolt. The second main body is fixed to the circumferential support ring, and the second adjusting pad is fixed to the second main body by the second fastening bolt and is used to limit the position of the cladding module in the polar direction.

4. The arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first main body is connected to the polar support ring by bolts, and the second main body is welded to the circumferential support ring.

5. The arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cladding module includes a positioning groove, a branch pipe welding hole, and a nut mounting hole. The positioning groove is adapted to the positioning component to limit the position of the cladding module. The branch pipe welding hole is used to weld and fix the branch pipe, and the nut mounting hole is used to fix and install the nut structure.

6. The arrangement structure for a fusion reactor blanket system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polar support ring has bolt mounting holes on its surface away from the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. The bolt structure includes a mounting component and a main bolt. The main bolt is sleeved inside the mounting component, the mounting component is fixed inside the bolt mounting holes, and the main bolt is connected to the nut structure.

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