Rotary body component laser preforming group hole grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device and method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of special processing, and particularly relates to a rotary body part laser prefabricated group hole grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device and method. The rotary body part laser prefabricated group hole grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device provided by the present disclosure comprises a rotary body clamp, a driving unit, an outer tool cathode and an inner tool cathode. The outer tool cathode is provided with a cavity for accommodating electrolyte. The side wall of the outer tool cathode is provided with a spout communicating with the cavity. The spout is arranged in correspondence with the prefabricated hole of the rotary body base. The top of the outer tool cathode is provided with an electrolyte inlet communicating with the cavity, so that the electrolyte flows into the cavity through the electrolyte inlet and then flows into the prefabricated hole through the spout. The rotary body part laser prefabricated group hole grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can prepare the combustion chamber micro group hole with high surface quality at a faster speed, and can be applied to the high-quality and high-efficiency machining of the large-area micro group hole on the surface of a part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of special processing technology, and in particular to a laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic processing device and method for rotating parts. Background Technology

[0002] The combustion chamber is the power source for aero-engines and gas turbines. To meet performance requirements under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and alternating loads, in addition to using high-temperature resistant alloy materials and thermal barrier coatings, it also features a dense array of film cooling holes on its surface for active cooling. These combustion chamber film cooling holes are characterized by small diameter (0.3-2.0 mm), large number (8000-20000), and small inclination angle (0-25°), densely arranged on a thin-walled rotating part with a thickness of approximately 2.0 mm. To ensure service performance under extreme environments, the machined surface of the film cooling holes must be free of recast layers, microcracks, and heat-affected zones.

[0003] Currently, the machining of film cooling holes in aero-engine combustors mainly relies on technologies such as electro-hydraulic beam machining, electrical discharge machining, and laser machining. Electro-hydraulic beam machining has relatively low efficiency and is difficult to directly machine surface thermal barrier coatings. In addition, previous technologies mostly involved machining one hole at a time, and the machining efficiency for densely packed holes such as film cooling holes in combustors still needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a laser-prepared group hole dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus and method for rotating components, which at least solves the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for laser pre-forming group holes of a rotating component, including a substrate machining unit, wherein the substrate machining unit includes a rotating fixture, a drive unit, an outer tool cathode and an inner tool cathode; The drive unit is used to drive the rotary fixture to rotate along the central axis of the rotary fixture; The rotary fixture is used to mount the rotary body base; The outer tool cathode and the inner tool cathode are connected, with at least a portion of the inner tool cathode disposed inside the rotating body substrate and the outer tool cathode disposed outside the rotating body substrate; The outer tool cathode is provided with a cavity for containing electrolyte. The side wall of the outer tool cathode is provided with a nozzle that communicates with the cavity. The nozzle is provided with a pre-formed hole corresponding to the rotating body base. The top of the outer tool cathode is provided with an electrolyte inlet that communicates with the cavity, so that the electrolyte flows into the cavity from the electrolyte inlet and then flows into the pre-formed hole through the nozzle. The rotating clamp is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the outer tool cathode or the inner tool cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes an electrolytic processing unit, which includes a processing platform, a turbid liquid tank, and a clean liquid tank; The processing platform has a receiving cavity, the substrate processing unit is disposed in the receiving cavity, the bottom of the processing platform is provided with an electrolyte outlet that communicates with the receiving cavity, the electrolyte outlet is connected to the turbid liquid tank, the turbid liquid tank is connected to the clean liquid tank through a first pipe, and the clean liquid tank is connected to the electrolyte inlet through a second pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the first pipeline is equipped with a first pressure pump and a first filter; The second pipeline is equipped with a second pressure pump, a second filter, a one-way valve, a throttle valve and a flow meter in sequence. Furthermore, the purified liquid tank is equipped with a temperature control box, which is used to regulate the temperature of the electrolyte in the purified liquid tank. Furthermore, the outer tool cathode is fan-shaped; And / or, the inner tool cathode is fan-shaped.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary fixture is provided with a drain port.

[0009] The second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for dynamic electrolytic machining of pre-drilled holes in a rotating component using laser technology, employing the dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for pre-drilled holes in a rotating component as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: A sputter-resistant insulating protective layer is coated on both the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating body substrate to be processed. Using a high-energy laser beam, pre-processing of pre-drilled holes is completed on a rotating substrate coated with an anti-splashing insulating protective layer; The inner and outer tool cathodes of the fan ring and the mounting fixture are designed and installed according to the geometric shape of the rotating body and the reserved machining gap, so as to ensure that the electrolyte can flow into the electrolyte cavity of the outer tool cathode from the electrolyte inlet, and then flow from the electrolyte nozzle inside the outer tool cathode through the pre-made hole to the inner tool cathode, so that the machining gap is filled with electrolyte, and finally discharged from the machining area from the electrolyte outlet; The rotating body rotates at a predetermined speed relative to the outer tool cathode and the inner tool cathode at a uniform speed. Both the inner tool cathode and the inner tool cathode are connected to the negative terminal of the processing power supply. The electrolyte pressure, rotary motor speed, and processing power supply parameters are set. Electrolyte is introduced, the rotary motor is driven, and the processing power supply is turned on to begin the electrolytic processing post-processing of the laser pre-made hole. After electrolysis and post-treatment for a period of time, the power supply is cut off, the rotating body substrate is removed, and the anti-splashing insulating protective layer coated on the inner and outer surfaces is removed. Furthermore, the post-processing method for electrolytic machining includes: unidirectional liquid spraying from the inner tool electrode to the outer tool electrode; Alternatively, liquid can be sprayed unidirectionally from the outer tool electrode to the inner tool electrode; Alternatively, liquid can be sprayed from the inner tool electrode to the outer tool electrode while simultaneously spraying liquid from the outer tool electrode to the inner tool electrode. And / or, immersion electrolysis.

[0010] Furthermore, the gap between the rotating body base and the inner tool cathode is set to L1, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 2 mm, and the gap between the rotating body base and the outer tool cathode is set to L2, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 2 mm. And / or, both the outer tool cathode and the inner tool cathode are made of conductive material.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-splash insulating protective layer is made of silicon carbide material; And / or, the coating thickness of the anti-splashing insulating protective layer is 30μm to 200μm.

[0012] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotating parts provided in this embodiment of the invention allows the rotating substrate (the rotating workpiece) to rotate at a constant speed relative to the inner and outer tool cathodes during the post-electrolytic processing. Electrolyte flows into the cavity through the electrolyte inlet and then into the pre-fabrication holes through the nozzle. The electrolyte flow field within the gap between the outer and inner tool cathodes is pulsating, which reduces the amount of material removed from the machining circuit and facilitates the discharge of machining products within the gap, thus reducing the electrolyte circulation filtration load. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotating parts provided in this embodiment of the invention can rapidly produce combustion chamber micro-holes with high surface quality, and can be applied to high-quality, high-efficiency machining of large-area micro-holes on the surface of parts.

[0013] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated in the drawings by way of example and not limitation, in which: In the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart is shown below illustrating the laser pre-fabrication of grouped holes dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating components provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of laser pre-processing of holes in a rotating matrix is ​​shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser pre-forming group hole dynamic electrolytic processing device for rotating parts provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The image shows the processing effect of the electrolytic post-processing of the porous rotating matrix. Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the pre-formed microporous electrolysis post-processing is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the post-processing of the immersion-type rotating matrix with porous group electrolysis is shown. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of dynamic electrolytic machining of laser-prefabricated group holes in a liquid-immersed rotating component is shown.

[0016] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Laser beam; 2. Rotating body substrate; 3. Anti-splash insulating protective coating; 4. Electrolyte inlet; 5. Outer tool cathode; 6. Cavity; 7. Electrolyte flow direction; 8. Inner tool cathode; 9. Machining platform; 91. Receiving cavity; 10. Rotating body fixture; 101. Drain port; 11. Electrolyte outlet; 12. Drive unit; 13. Conductive device; 14. Machining power supply; 15. Turbid liquid tank; 16. Temperature control box; 17. Clean liquid tank; 18. Second pressure pump; 19. Safety valve; 20. Second filter; 21. Check valve; 22. Throttling valve; 23. Flow meter; 24. First pressure pump; 25. First filter; 26. First pipeline; 27. Second pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0018] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of this disclosure, the laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating body components includes a substrate processing unit. The substrate processing unit includes a rotating body fixture 10, a drive unit 12, an outer tool cathode 5, and an inner tool cathode 8. The drive unit 12 is used to drive the rotating body fixture 10 to rotate along the central axis of the rotating body fixture 10. The drive unit 12 can be a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is centrally connected to the rotating body fixture 10 to drive the rotating body fixture 10 to rotate along the central axis of the rotating body fixture 10. The rotating body fixture 10 is used to install the rotating body substrate 2. The outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 are connected, and the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 can be fixed to a set position by connecting parts. A gap is provided between the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8. At least a portion of the inner tool cathode 8 is disposed inside the rotating body base 2, and the outer tool cathode 5 is disposed outside the rotating body base 2. The outer tool cathode 5 has a cavity 6 for containing electrolyte, and the side wall of the outer tool cathode 5 has a nozzle communicating with the cavity 6. The nozzle is correspondingly disposed with a pre-formed hole in the rotating body base 2, which can be made by laser processing. The top of the outer tool cathode 5 has an electrolyte inlet 4 communicating with the cavity 6, so that the electrolyte flows into the cavity 6 through the electrolyte inlet 4 and then into the pre-formed hole through the nozzle. The rotating body clamp 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the outer tool cathode 5 or the inner tool cathode 8 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0019] In the post-electrolytic processing of rotary components, the laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotary components, as disclosed in this embodiment, allows the rotary substrate 2 (the rotary workpiece to be processed) to rotate at a constant speed relative to the inner tool cathode 8 and the outer tool cathode 5. Electrolyte flows into the cavity 6 through the electrolyte inlet 4 and then into the pre-fabrication holes via the nozzle. The electrolyte flow field within the gap between the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 is pulsating, which reduces the amount of material removed from the processing circuit and facilitates the discharge of processing products within the gap, thus reducing the electrolyte circulation filtration load. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotary components provided in this embodiment can rapidly produce combustion chamber micro-holes with high surface quality, and can be applied to the high-quality, high-efficiency processing of large-area micro-holes on the surface of parts.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the rotating clamp 10 is provided with a drain port 101, which allows the electrolyte to be discharged.

[0021] The rotating fixture 10 is made of an electrochemically inert metal. Its outer cylindrical surface has low surface roughness and surface runout. It can be connected to the positive terminal of the processing power supply 14 through a conductive device 13 such as a brush, so as to achieve an effective circuit connection between the rotating body 2 and the processing power supply 14 when the rotating body 2 rotates at a constant speed.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, an electrolytic processing unit is also included, which includes a processing platform 9, a turbid liquid tank 15, and a clean liquid tank 17.

[0023] The processing platform 9 has a receiving cavity 91. The substrate processing unit is located within the electrolytic processing unit. Specifically, the substrate processing unit is located within the receiving cavity 91. The bottom of the processing platform 9 has an electrolyte outlet 11 that communicates with the receiving cavity 91. The electrolyte outlet 11 is connected to the turbid liquid tank 15, and the turbid liquid tank 15 is connected to the clean liquid tank. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of this disclosure, the laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating body components includes a substrate processing unit. The substrate processing unit includes a rotating body fixture 10, a drive unit 12, an outer tool cathode 5, and an inner tool cathode 8. The drive unit 12 is used to drive the rotating body fixture 10 to rotate along the central axis of the rotating body fixture 10. The drive unit 12 can be a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is centrally connected to the rotating body fixture 10 to drive the rotating body fixture 10 to rotate along the central axis of the rotating body fixture 10. The rotating body fixture 10 is used to install the rotating body substrate 2. The outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 are connected, and the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 can be fixed to a set position by connecting parts. A gap is provided between the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8. At least a portion of the inner tool cathode 8 is disposed inside the rotating body base 2, and the outer tool cathode 5 is disposed outside the rotating body base 2. The outer tool cathode 5 has a cavity 6 for containing electrolyte, and the side wall of the outer tool cathode 5 has a nozzle communicating with the cavity 6. The nozzle is correspondingly disposed with a pre-formed hole in the rotating body base 2, which can be made by laser processing. The top of the outer tool cathode 5 has an electrolyte inlet 4 communicating with the cavity 6, so that the electrolyte flows into the cavity 6 through the electrolyte inlet 4 and then into the pre-formed hole through the nozzle. The rotating body clamp 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the outer tool cathode 5 or the inner tool cathode 8 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0024] In the post-electrolytic processing of rotary components, the laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotary components, as disclosed in this embodiment, allows the rotary substrate 2 (the rotary workpiece to be processed) to rotate at a constant speed relative to the inner tool cathode 8 and the outer tool cathode 5. Electrolyte flows into the cavity 6 through the electrolyte inlet 4 and then into the pre-fabrication holes via the nozzle. The electrolyte flow field within the gap between the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 is pulsating, which reduces the amount of material removed from the processing circuit and facilitates the discharge of processing products within the gap, thus reducing the electrolyte circulation filtration load. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for rotary components provided in this embodiment can rapidly produce combustion chamber micro-holes with high surface quality, and can be applied to the high-quality, high-efficiency processing of large-area micro-holes on the surface of parts.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the rotating clamp 10 is provided with a drain port 101, which allows the electrolyte to be discharged.

[0026] The rotating fixture 10 is made of an electrochemically inert metal. Its outer cylindrical surface has low surface roughness and surface runout. It can be connected to the positive terminal of the processing power supply 14 through a conductive device 13 such as a brush, so as to achieve an effective circuit connection between the rotating body 2 and the processing power supply 14 when the rotating body 2 rotates at a constant speed.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, an electrolytic processing unit is also included, which includes a processing platform 9, a turbid liquid tank 15, and a clean liquid tank 17.

[0028] The processing platform 9 has a receiving cavity 91. The substrate processing unit is located in the electrolytic processing unit. The bottom of the processing platform 9 is provided with an electrolyte outlet 11 that communicates with the receiving cavity 91. The electrolyte outlet 11 is connected to the turbid liquid tank 15. The turbid liquid tank 15 is connected to the clean liquid tank 17 through a first pipe 26. The clean liquid tank 17 is connected to the electrolyte inlet 4 through a second pipe 27.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the first pipeline 26 is provided with a first pressure pump 24 and a first filter 25; The second pipeline 27 is sequentially equipped with a second pressure pump 18, a second filter 20, a one-way valve 21, a throttle valve 22, and a flow meter 23. In some specific embodiments, the clean liquid tank 17 is equipped with a temperature control box 16, which is used to regulate the temperature of the electrolyte in the clean liquid tank 17. Specifically, the outer tool cathode 5, the rotating body base 2, and the inner tool cathode 8 are fixed at a specific interval and form an electrolyte circuit with the electrolyte inlet 4 and the electrolyte outlet 11. During processing, the electrolyte flows from the clean liquid tank 17 through the electrolyte inlet 4, through the electrolyte circuit consisting of the outer tool cathode 5, the pre-drilled hole in the rotating body base 2, and the inner tool cathode 8, and finally flows out of the processing area through the electrolyte outlet 11, returning to the turbid liquid tank 15. After being filtered by the filtration system, it is circulated back to the clean liquid tank 17, completing the electrolyte supply and filtration cycle. During processing, the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 are connected to the negative terminal of the processing power supply 14, and the rotating body base 2, mounted on the rotating body fixture 10, is connected to the positive terminal of the processing power supply 14 through the conductive device 13, forming a processing current circuit together with the electrolyte between the anode and cathode. The rotating body fixture 10 is connected to the rotary motor through the transmission device, which can drive the rotating body base 2 to rotate at a uniform speed.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the outer tool cathode 5 is fan-shaped; and / or, the inner tool cathode 8 is fan-shaped. During the post-electrolytic machining process, the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 are fan-shaped and rotate uniformly relative to the workpiece.

[0031] Pre-drilled holes can be obtained by other methods, not just laser processing. Other processing methods include electrical discharge machining (EDM), ion beam machining, and others.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the gap between the combustion chamber rotating body substrate 2 (the workpiece to be processed) and the inner and outer auxiliary cathodes 5 is set to 0.5 mm - 2 mm. The inner and outer auxiliary cathodes are made of conductive materials such as metals and can be prepared by methods such as 3D printing additive manufacturing, machining, and casting.

[0033] The combustion chamber rotating body 2 can be placed in an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte. The electrolyte can also be sprayed from the cathode tool electrode and applied to the laser-prefabricated boreholes.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, such as this one, the combustion chamber rotating body can rotate, or the inner tool cathode 8 and the outer tool cathode 5 can rotate around the combustion chamber rotating body base 2, achieving relative rotation between the inner and outer tool electrodes and the combustion chamber rotating body base 2. By controlling the relative rotation rate between the cathode tool electrodes and the combustion chamber rotating body, the grouped dynamic processing of holes in rotating components such as the combustion chamber can be achieved, which can promote the transport efficiency of electrolyte in the holes and improve the efficiency of electrolytic processing.

[0035] In this embodiment, both the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode are fan-shaped. The outer tool cathode 5 has an electrolyte cavity 6 inside and an electrolyte nozzle on the processing side. A rotating fixture 10, made of electrochemical inert metal and connected to the positive terminal of a power supply via a brush, is included. A rotary motor connected to the rotating fixture 10 drives the rotating body to rotate at a uniform speed. A clean liquid tank 17 containing fresh electrolyte and a turbid liquid tank 15 for recycling waste electrolyte are included. A heater controlled by a temperature controller is placed in the clean liquid tank 17. The system is powered by a first pressure pump 24, a first filter 25, a second pressure pump 18, and a second filter 26. The liquid supply system consists of a safety valve 19, a check valve 21, a throttle valve 22, and a flow meter 23; an electrolyte circulation system consists of a first pressure pump 24, a first filter 25, a second pressure pump 18, and a second filter 20; and a processing power supply 14 that supplies power to the processing system, with its positive terminal connected to the rotating body clamp 10 and its negative terminal connected to the inner and outer tool cathodes. The system is characterized by the electrolyte flowing in from the electrolyte inlet 4 of the outer tool cathode 5, flowing through the gap between the electrolyte cavity 6 of the outer tool cathode 5, the laser pre-hole, and the inner tool cathode 8, and flowing out from the electrolyte outlet 11 at the bottom of the processing area.

[0036] The principle and process of the "laser pre-hole drilling-pulse dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating parts" in this embodiment include: First, a sputter-resistant insulating protective layer of silicon carbide or similar material with a fixed thickness is coated on both the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating body substrate 2 to be processed; then, a high-energy laser beam 1 is used to perform efficient and controllable pre-machining of the group of small holes on the substrate to be processed in the combustion chamber coated with the sputter-resistant coating; subsequently, the rotating body substrate 2 is installed on the rotating body fixture 10, and the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 are installed according to the geometric shape of the rotating body substrate 2 and the reserved machining gap, ensuring that the electrolyte can flow into the tool cathode from the electrolyte inlet 4. Electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte chamber 6 of the rotating body and flows from the electrolyte nozzle on the surface of the tool cathode to the pre-drilled holes on the wall of the rotating body, then to the inner tool cathode 8, and finally discharged from the electrolyte outlet 11. The rotating body base 2 and the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 are connected to the anode and cathode of the DC pulse power supply, respectively. The processing parameters are introduced into the electrolyte, the rotary motor is driven, and the processing power supply 14 is turned on to start the electrolytic processing post-processing of the laser pre-drilled holes. After a period of electrolytic processing, the power supply is cut off, the workpiece in the combustion chamber is removed, and the anti-splashing insulating protective layer coated on the inner and outer surfaces is removed to complete the electrolytic processing post-processing.

[0037] Figure 4 It can be seen that the recast layer on the laser-pre-drilled holes can be completely removed after electrolytic post-treatment, and there are no processing defects such as recast layer and microcracks on the surface of the microholes, which fully verifies the feasibility of the method of the present invention.

[0038] The pulsed electrolytic post-processing method allows for the design of corresponding inner and outer tool cathodes 5 and their relative motion patterns based on different part shapes. For example, for parts with a rotating shape, a fan-shaped inner / outer tool cathode 5 can be designed, employing a motion mode of relative uniform rotation of the rotating body. For parts with a flat shape, a flat inner / outer tool cathode 5 can be designed, employing a motion mode of relative planar movement of the flat plate. Furthermore, depending on the specific electrolyte flow field and processing requirements, various electrolyte supply methods can be adopted, including unidirectional inner / outer spraying, bidirectional inner / outer spraying, and a combination of spraying and immersion.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown in the embodiments of this disclosure, the method for laser pre-drilling group holes in a rotating body component using the laser pre-drilling group hole dynamic electrolytic machining device for a rotating body component provided in this disclosure includes the following steps: coating both the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating body substrate 2 to be processed with an anti-splashing insulating protective layer to prevent the molten metal splashing during laser drilling from affecting the surface of the workpiece and to avoid metal splashing adhering to the surface of the workpiece; using a high-energy laser beam 1 to pre-process the pre-drilled holes on the rotating body substrate 2 coated with the anti-splashing insulating protective layer; designing and installing the inner fan-shaped tool cathode 8 and the outer tool cathode 5 according to the geometric shape of the rotating body and the reserved machining gap, and installing the rotating body fixture 10 to ensure that the electrolyte can flow from the electrolyte inlet 4 into the electrolyte cavity 6 of the outer tool cathode 5, and then... Electrolyte from the nozzle inside the outer tool cathode 5 flows through the pre-drilled hole to the inner tool cathode 8, filling the machining gap with electrolyte, which is then discharged from the machining area through the electrolyte outlet 11. The rotating body rotates at a predetermined speed relative to the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8. Both the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 are connected to the negative terminal of the machining power supply 14, and the rotating body base 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the machining power supply 14, or the rotating body fixture 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the machining power supply 14. The electrolyte pressure, the rotational motor speed, and the parameters of the machining power supply 14 are set. Electrolyte is introduced, the rotational motor is driven, and the machining power supply 14 is turned on to begin the electrolytic machining post-processing of the laser pre-drilled hole. After a period of electrolytic post-processing, the power is cut off, the rotating body base 2 is removed, and the anti-splashing insulating protective layer coated on the inner and outer surfaces is removed. In this embodiment, the fan-shaped inner and outer tool cathodes 5 are used to perform electrolytic post-processing on the micro-holes on the surface of the rotating workpiece. This reduces the processing area and the total current of the processing circuit. Simultaneously, during the electrolytic post-processing, the rotating workpiece rotates uniformly relative to the fan-shaped tool cathodes, and the electrolyte flow field within the gap is pulsating. This reduces the amount of material removed from the processing circuit and facilitates the discharge of processing products within the gap, reducing the electrolyte circulation filtration load. Therefore, the laser pre-holeing-pulse dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating parts of this invention reduces the requirements for processing equipment such as the processing power supply 14 and the electrolyte circulation filtration system during large-area group hole electrolytic post-processing of rotating parts, improving its equipment applicability.

[0040] The laser pre-fabrication group hole dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating body components provided in this embodiment can solve the problems of low machining efficiency and excessive machining current in the existing composite machining technology when machining the group of micro-holes on the two side walls of the rotating body substrate, and realize the efficient and high-quality machining of the micro-hole structure of the combustion chamber flame tube group.

[0041] The laser pre-fabrication method for grouping small holes in a rotating body component provided in this embodiment specifically includes: (1) First, coating the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating body substrate 2 component to be processed with an anti-splashing insulating protective layer; (2) Using a high-energy laser beam 1 to complete the high-efficiency pre-processing of small holes on the rotating body substrate 2 component to be processed with an anti-splashing coating; (3) Designing and installing the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 and the rotating body fixture 10 according to the geometric shape and reserved processing gap of the rotating body substrate 2. Preferably, the inner tool cathode 8 and the outer tool cathode 5 are both fan-shaped rings to ensure the electro-optical... The electrolyte can flow into the electrolyte cavity 6 of the outer tool cathode 5 through the electrolyte inlet 4, and then flow through the electrolyte nozzle inside the outer tool cathode 5 through the laser pre-drilled hole and into the inner tool cathode 8, so that the processing gap is filled with electrolyte, and finally discharged from the processing area through the electrolyte outlet 11; wherein, the inner and outer tool cathodes are both made of metal materials; depending on the size of the rotating body and the processing allowance, the flow field setting can be unidirectional flushing of the inner / outer tool cathode 5 or simultaneous flushing of the inner and outer tool cathodes; the electrolyte nozzle of the tool cathode can be circular or elongated after flow field optimization design. (4) The combustion chamber rotating body base 2 is installed on the rotating body fixture 10, and the rotating body fixture 10 is connected to the rotary drive unit 12 (rotary motor), so that the combustion chamber rotating body base 2 can rotate at a predetermined speed relative to the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 at a uniform speed; wherein, the rotating body fixture 10 of the combustion chamber rotating body base 2 is made of electrochemically inert metal material, and its exterior is connected to the positive terminal of the processing power supply 14 through a conductive brush. (5) Connect the inner and outer tool cathodes 5 to the negative terminal of the processing power supply 14, set the electrolyte pressure, rotary motor speed, and processing power supply 14 parameters, introduce electrolyte, drive the rotary motor, and connect the processing power supply 14 to start the electrolytic processing post-processing of the laser pre-made hole; (6) After the electrolytic post-processing has been completed for a period of time, cut off the power supply, take out the combustion chamber rotating body workpiece, remove the anti-splash insulation protective layer coated on the inner and outer surfaces, complete the electrolytic processing post-processing, and finally complete the processing of the gas film cooling hole of the combustion chamber rotating body workpiece.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the post-electrochemical processing method includes: unidirectional liquid spraying from the inner tool electrode (8) to the outer tool electrode (5); or, unidirectional liquid spraying from the outer tool electrode (5) to the inner tool electrode (8); or, liquid spraying from the inner tool electrode (8) to the outer tool electrode (5) while simultaneously spraying liquid from the outer tool electrode (5) to the inner tool electrode (8); and / or, immersion electrochemical processing, which can adapt to the specific situation of the electrolyte flow field and processing requirements.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the gap between the rotating body base 2 and the inner tool cathode 8 is set to L1, which satisfies: 0.5mm≤L1≤2mm; the gap between the rotating body base 2 and the outer tool cathode 5 is set to L2, which satisfies: 0.5mm≤L2≤2mm; and / or, both the outer tool cathode 5 and the inner tool cathode 8 are made of conductive material.

[0044] In some specific implementations, the anti-splashing insulating protective layer is made of materials such as silicon carbide; And / or, the coating thickness of the anti-splash insulating protective layer is 30μm to 200μm.

[0045] The anti-spatter insulating protective layer coated on both sides of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece to be processed in this embodiment of the combustion chamber rotating body substrate 2 serves to prevent the impact of molten metal sputtering during laser drilling on the surface of the workpiece and to avoid metal sputtering adhering to the surface of the workpiece. Furthermore, coating the inner and outer walls of the combustion chamber rotating body substrate 2 with the anti-spatter insulating protective layer can reduce the corrosion of the combustion chamber surface caused by electrolytic machining, confine the electrolytic machining area to the inner wall of the micro-hole, reduce the impact of electrolytic machining on the inlet and outlet radius of the micro-hole, and improve the accuracy of electrolytic machining.

[0046] This invention employs a high-power quasi-continuous laser or a high-power continuous laser to efficiently process pre-formed holes in the combustion chamber. By optimizing the process, the thickness of the recast layer on the surface of the pre-formed hole is minimized, preferably to a value of 10-30 μm, and the taper of the pre-formed hole is also minimized to improve the efficiency and quality of subsequent electrolytic processing.

[0047] The power supply used in this invention is a DC pulse power supply, with a processing voltage of 20-50V, a pulse frequency of 10-50kHz, and an adjustable duty cycle of 0-100%. During the electrolytic machining process, the combustion chamber substrate is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the tool cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply.

[0048] The electrolyte used in this invention can be a neutral salt solution, an acidic electrolyte, or a mixed solution.

[0049] The laser pre-fabrication group hole dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating parts proposed in this invention can be implemented on the same machining equipment by optimizing the design of the rotating fixture 10, thereby further improving machining efficiency and shortening the machining process.

[0050] The laser pre-hole-pulse dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating parts in this embodiment can reduce the requirements for processing equipment such as the processing power supply 14 and the electrolyte circulation filtration system during the post-processing of large-area group hole electrolytic machining of rotating parts, and improve its equipment applicability.

[0051] Other advantages of this embodiment include: the anti-splashing insulating protective coating 3 applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece to be processed on the combustion chamber rotating body substrate 2 can prevent material splashing during laser processing and protect the surface of the non-processed area; the pre-fabricated holes for the micro-group holes of the combustion chamber flame tube are quickly processed by laser processing, which can give full play to the high-efficiency processing advantages of laser processing; during the electrolytic post-processing, the electrolyte is supplied by the electrolyte nozzle on the side of the cathode, which is simple and direct and can further improve the electrolyte mass transfer efficiency in the processing gap and promote the discharge of electrolytic processing products; when the pre-fabricated holes are rapidly processed by laser, surface defects such as microcracks in the recast layer of the hole wall can be completely removed during the subsequent electrolytic post-processing, and the processed micro-group holes have high surface quality.

[0052] Therefore, the laser pre-hole drilling-pulse dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating parts described above can fully leverage the advantages of both laser processing and electrolytic processing, enabling the rapid fabrication of micro-hole groups with high surface quality in the rotating combustion chamber substrate 2. It also improves the applicability of the processing equipment used in this method, facilitating its wider application. Similarly, the laser pre-drilling group hole dynamic electrolytic machining device and method proposed in this invention can be applied to the high-quality, high-efficiency machining of large-area micro-hole groups on the surfaces of parts such as fan rings, shells, and plates.

[0053] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic electrolytic machining device for laser pre-forming grouped holes in rotating components, characterized in that, It includes a substrate processing unit, which includes a rotary fixture (10), a drive unit (12), an outer tool cathode (5), and an inner tool cathode (8); The outer tool cathode (5) is fan-shaped, and the inner tool cathode (8) is fan-shaped; The drive unit (12) is used to drive the rotary fixture (10) to rotate along the central axis of the rotary fixture (10); The rotary fixture (10) is used to install the rotary base (2); The outer tool cathode (5) and the inner tool cathode (8) are connected, with at least a portion of the inner tool cathode (8) disposed inside the rotating body base (2) and the outer tool cathode (5) disposed outside the rotating body base (2); The outer tool cathode (5) is provided with a cavity (6) for containing electrolyte. The side wall of the outer tool cathode (5) is provided with a nozzle that communicates with the cavity (6). The nozzle is provided in correspondence with the pre-made hole of the rotating body base (2). The top of the outer tool cathode (5) is provided with an electrolyte inlet (4) that communicates with the cavity (6), so that the electrolyte flows into the cavity (6) through the electrolyte inlet (4) and then flows into the pre-made hole through the nozzle. The rotating clamp (10) is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the outer tool cathode (5) or the inner tool cathode (8) is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

2. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating components according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electrolytic processing unit, which includes a processing platform (9), a turbid liquid tank (15), and a clean liquid tank (17); The processing platform (9) has a receiving cavity (91), and the substrate processing unit is disposed in the receiving cavity (91). The bottom of the processing platform (9) is provided with an electrolyte outlet (11) that communicates with the receiving cavity (91). The electrolyte outlet (11) is connected to the turbid liquid tank (15). The turbid liquid tank (15) is connected to the clean liquid tank (17) through a first pipe (26). The clean liquid tank (17) is connected to the electrolyte inlet (4) through a second pipe (27).

3. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first pipeline (26) is equipped with a first pressure pump (24) and a first filter (25); The second pipeline (27) is equipped with a second pressure pump (18), a second filter (20), a check valve (21), a throttle valve (22) and a flow meter (23) in sequence.

4. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clean liquid tank (17) is equipped with a temperature control box (16), which is used to adjust the temperature of the electrolyte in the clean liquid tank (17).

5. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining device for rotating components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary clamp (10) is provided with a drain port (101).

6. A method for dynamic electrolytic machining of grouped holes in a rotating component using laser pre-fabrication, comprising the use of the dynamic electrolytic machining apparatus for grouped holes in a rotating component as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: An anti-splashing insulating protective layer is coated on both the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating substrate (2) to be processed; Using a high-energy laser beam (1), pre-processing of pre-drilled holes is completed on the rotating substrate (2) coated with an anti-splash insulating protective layer; The inner and outer tool cathodes (8 and 5) of the fan ring are designed and installed according to the geometric shape of the rotating body and the reserved machining gap, and the mounting fixture is installed to ensure that the electrolyte can flow into the electrolyte cavity (6) of the outer tool cathode (5) from the electrolyte inlet (4), and then flow from the electrolyte nozzle inside the outer tool cathode (5) through the pre-made hole to the inner tool cathode (8), so that the machining gap is filled with electrolyte, and finally discharged from the machining area through the electrolyte outlet (11); The rotating body rotates at a predetermined speed relative to the outer tool cathode (5) and the inner tool cathode (8); Both the outer tool cathode (5) and the inner tool cathode (8) are connected to the negative terminal of the processing power supply (14), and the rotating body base (2) is connected to the positive terminal of the processing power supply (14). The electrolyte pressure, the rotation speed of the rotary motor, and the parameters of the processing power supply (14) are set. Electrolyte is introduced, the rotary motor is driven, and the processing power supply (14) is turned on to start the electrolytic processing post-processing of the laser pre-made hole. After electrolysis and treatment for a period of time, the power supply is cut off, the rotating body substrate (2) is removed, and the anti-splashing insulating protective layer coated on the inner and outer surfaces is removed.

7. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating components according to claim 6, characterized in that, The post-processing method for electrolytic machining includes: unidirectional liquid spraying from the inner tool electrode (8) to the outer tool electrode (5); Alternatively, liquid can be sprayed unidirectionally from the outer tool electrode (5) to the inner tool electrode (8); Alternatively, liquid can be sprayed from the inner tool electrode (8) to the outer tool electrode (5) at the same time, liquid can be sprayed from the outer tool electrode (5) to the inner tool electrode (8); And / or, immersion electrolysis.

8. The laser pre-fabrication grouping dynamic electrolytic machining method for rotating components according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gap between the rotating body base (2) and the inner tool cathode (8) is set to L1, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 2 mm; the gap between the rotating body base (2) and the outer tool cathode (5) is set to L2, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 2 mm. And / or, both the outer tool cathode (5) and the inner tool cathode (8) are made of conductive material.

9. The laser pre-fabrication method for grouping and dynamically electrolytic machining of rotating components according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anti-splash insulating protective layer is made of silicon carbide material; And / or, the coating thickness of the anti-splashing insulating protective layer is 30μm to 200μm.

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