A high-speed rotating cap cover hot gas outflow anti-icing test device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of caps, and particularly relates to a high-rotation-speed rotary cap hot air outflow anti-icing test device, which comprises a bottom support, a rotary cap, a main shaft, a shaft sleeve, a clamping seat, an electric main shaft, a pipe sleeve, a thermocouple, a hot air pipeline, a flowmeter, a pipe support and a support seat. The application carries out hot air outflow anti-icing research on the basis of traditional hot air anti-icing. In the hot air outflow anti-icing structure, hot air is not only used for heating the inner surface of the cap, but also a part of the hot air is sprayed out through the air outlet hole at the front end of the rotary cap and directly contacts with the incoming cold air. The internal jet impact heat transfer and the external hot air film coupled heat transfer jointly heat the anti-icing surface. In the application, the electric main shaft and the main shaft are drivingly connected through the meshing of the teeth, compared with the traditional rotary driving device mainly driven by a belt pulley, the transmission speed is greatly improved, and the high rotation speed required by the test can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hat technology, and in particular relates to a high-speed rotating hat hot air outflow anti-icing test device. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the aircraft engine intake structure, the rotary canopy is highly susceptible to icing during flight. Icing on the rotary canopy reduces the airflow area at the engine inlet, resulting in a decrease in the amount of air received by the engine and a reduction in engine thrust. Simultaneously, icing on the rotary canopy can easily distort the inlet airflow, negatively impacting the engine's aerodynamic performance and, in severe cases, potentially causing compressor surge, posing a significant threat to flight safety. To mitigate the threat posed by rotary canopy icing to safe aircraft operation, anti-icing devices must be installed on the rotary canopy.

[0003] Traditional rotating hood anti-icing devices primarily use hot air drawn from the engine compressor for anti-icing. The hot air is delivered through a hot air duct to the inside of the rotating hood, and then sprayed onto the inner surface of the hood through small holes in the duct. The heat from the hot air is conducted through the skin to the outer surface of the hood, keeping the temperature of the outer surface above the freezing point of supercooled water droplets. However, this anti-icing structure requires high thermal conductivity of the solid materials and cannot specifically target areas with severe icing.

[0004] To improve the efficiency of hot air utilization and solve the anti-icing problem of components with low thermal conductivity, this invention conducts research on hot air outflow anti-icing based on traditional hot air anti-icing. In the hot air outflow anti-icing structure, hot air is not only used to heat the inner surface of the cap, but also a portion of hot air is ejected through a small hole at the front end of the rotating cap and directly contacts the incoming cold air. The internal jet impact heat transfer and the external hot air film coupled heat transfer together heat the anti-icing surface.

[0005] Current research focuses on numerical computation, while experimental studies can be used to verify the accuracy of numerical computation.

[0006] Traditional rotary drive devices are mainly driven by motors and belt pulleys, but belt pulleys have low efficiency and limited transmission speed, which cannot meet the high speed requirements of this experiment.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-speed rotation of the rotating cap poses a significant danger, as vibrations during rotation can cause bolts to loosen, nuts to vibrate, or even fly off. Currently, vibration sensors are typically installed. When the fastening bolts become loose, the vibration sensor detects the equipment vibration and shuts down the machine to prevent accidents.

[0008] However, when vibration is detected, the bolts are often loose. Although the nut has shifted, there is not much vibration yet. When an imbalance occurs during the movement of the nut, vibration will occur immediately. At this time, there may not be much time between the start of vibration and the nut flying out. If the nut flies out during the motor stop, it may cause an accident.

[0009] The anti-icing test device conducts high-speed rotation tests in an ice wind tunnel. The internal bearings may not be operating at the optimal temperature, resulting in greater resistance and affecting further increases in test speed.

[0010] This invention designs a high-speed rotating cap cover hot gas outflow anti-icing test device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions: A high-speed rotating cap-type hot gas outflow anti-icing test device includes a base support, a rotating cap, a main shaft, a bushing, a clamp, an electric main shaft, a pipe sleeve, a thermocouple, a hot gas pipe, a flow meter, a pipe support, and a support base. The upper end of the base support is bolted to the support base; a clamp is bolted to the rear of the support base; the bushing is mounted on the clamp base; the main shaft is rotatably mounted within the bushing via two sets of large bearings distributed front and rear; the electric main shaft is mounted on the support base; a first transmission gear plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the electric main shaft; the end face of the first transmission gear plate facing the main shaft... The main spindle has multiple teeth evenly arranged in a circumferential direction; multiple transmission rods are evenly slidably mounted on the inner circumference of the main spindle, and the rear ends of the transmission rods obliquely extend upwards through the outer circumference of the main spindle and enter the guide holes opened at the rear end of the main spindle one by one; a spring is installed between the transmission rod and the main spindle; a second transmission gear plate is fixedly mounted on the front end of the transmission rod, and multiple teeth are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction on the end of the second transmission gear plate near the first transmission gear plate, and the teeth on the first transmission gear plate and the teeth on the second transmission gear plate cooperate; a hot air pipe is installed between the electric main spindle and the main spindle through a small bearing.

[0012] The rotating cap is bolted to the rear end of the main shaft; an air vent is opened on the outer wall of the rear end of the rotating cap perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cap; the rotating cap and the rear end of the transmission rod are in contact and pressed together.

[0013] The pipe sleeve is installed at the front end of the support via a pipe bracket; a thermocouple assembly is installed inside the hot gas pipe, with the wire at the front end of the thermocouple assembly passing through the outer wall of the front end of the hot gas pipe, and the thermocouple probe at the rear end of the thermocouple assembly being installed at the rear end of the hot gas pipe via a support plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the base support has two mounting holes with a diameter of 20mm and four mounting holes with a diameter of 8mm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, a short stop bar is installed between the two bearings in each group of large bearings; a guide groove is opened on the outer circular surface of the main shaft, extending out of the front end of the main shaft; a retaining strip is fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the long retaining ring, and the long retaining ring is installed between the main shaft and the bushing through the cooperation of the retaining strip and the guide groove, and is located between the two groups of large bearings to act as a barrier between the two groups of large bearings.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, two bearing retaining rings are bolted to both ends of the main shaft and the bushing, and a sealing ring is installed between the bearing retaining ring at the front end and the front end face of the main shaft.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, there is a gap between the outer circular surface of the long retaining ring and the inner circular surface of the bushing; the inner diameter of the rear end of the hot air pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the front end, and the arc surface at the change point is smoothly transitioned; a circulating air inlet and a circulating air outlet are evenly distributed circumferentially between the hot air pipe, the main shaft and the long retaining ring; the circulating air inlet is located at the end of the large inner diameter of the hot air pipe, and the circulating air outlet is located at the end of the small inner diameter of the hot air pipe.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the rear end of the spindle is funnel-shaped, with an annular protrusion at one end; the annular protrusion has circumferentially evenly distributed guide holes; the spindle has circumferentially evenly distributed mounting grooves; a transmission rod is slidably installed in each of the mounting grooves on the spindle, the rear end of the transmission rod obliquely extending upward through the outer surface of the spindle and correspondingly entering the guide holes at the rear end of the spindle; a spring is installed between the transmission rod and the spindle, the spring being a tension spring with preload; the rotating cap and the transmission rod passing through the guide holes at the rear end of the spindle are in contact and pressed together.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, multiple felt pads are installed between each of the bearing retaining rings and the main shaft.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, two bearing retaining rings are bolted to both ends of the main spindle and the electric spindle output shaft.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, multiple felt rings are installed between each of the bearing retaining rings and the main shaft.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, a flow meter is installed at the front end of the hot air pipeline.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention conducts research on hot air outflow anti-icing based on traditional hot air anti-icing. In the hot air outflow anti-icing structure, hot air is not only used to heat the inner surface of the cap, but also a portion of hot air is ejected through the air outlet at the front end of the rotating cap and directly contacts the incoming cold air. The internal jet impact heat transfer and the external hot air film coupled heat transfer together heat the anti-icing surface.

[0024] 2. In this invention, the electric spindle and the main spindle are connected by tooth meshing, which greatly improves the transmission speed compared with the traditional rotary drive device that is mainly driven by belt pulley, and can meet the high speed requirements of this experiment.

[0025] 3. If the connection between the main spindle and the rotating cap becomes loose during use, a gap will appear between the main spindle and the rotating cap. At this time, under the action of the spring, the transmission rod will slide relative to the main spindle. The sliding of the transmission rod will drive the second transmission gear plate to slide, causing the second transmission gear plate to disengage from the first transmission gear plate. The transmission between the electric main spindle and the rotating cap will be disconnected, and the rotating cap will stop rotating to prevent accidents.

[0026] 4. In this invention, there is a gap between the inner surface of the bushing and the outer surface of the main shaft, and a gap between the hot air pipe and the main shaft. Because there are circumferentially evenly distributed circulating air inlets and outlets between the hot air pipe, the main shaft, and the long retaining ring; the circulating air inlet is located at the end of the hot air pipe with a larger inner diameter, and the circulating air outlet is located at the end of the hot air pipe with a smaller inner diameter. The flow velocity of the hot air at the end of the hot air pipe with a larger inner diameter is relatively lower than that at the end with a smaller inner diameter. According to aerodynamics, the flow pressure of the hot air at the end of the hot air pipe with a larger inner diameter is relatively higher than that at the end with a smaller inner diameter. Therefore, when the hot air flows through the hot air pipe, some of the hot air will flow in from the circulating air inlet and out from the circulating air outlet after passing through the gaps between the main shaft and the bushing, and between the main shaft and the hot air pipe. During this process, the hot air flowing into the gaps between the main shaft and the bushing, and between the main shaft and the hot air pipe, will heat the large and small bearings, ensuring that the large and small bearings can operate at the optimal temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall view of the rotating cap hot air outflow anti-icing test device.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating cap hot air outflow anti-icing test device.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating cap structure.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional view near the bushing of the rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first transmission gear plate.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second transmission gear plate.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circulating air vents.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of large and small bearings.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the large and small bearings.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the installation of the card.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing retaining ring structure.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing retaining ring II structure.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure.

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the long retaining ring installation.

[0041] Labels in the diagram: 1. Mounting hole; 2. Base support; 3. Rotating cap; 4. Spindle; 5. Bushing; 6. Clamp; 7. Electric spindle; 8. Tube sleeve; 9. Thermocouple assembly; 10. Hot gas pipe; 11. Flow meter; 12. Pipe support; 13. Support; 14. Cap vent; 15. Electric spindle output shaft; 16. Small bearing; 17. Large bearing; 18. First transmission gear plate; 19. Spring; 20. 21. Transmission rod; 22. Second transmission gear plate; 23. Circulating air inlet; 24. Circulating air outlet; 25. Short retaining ring; 26. Bearing retaining ring one; 27. Wool felt one; 28. Sealing ring; 29. ​​Bearing retaining ring two; 30. Long retaining ring; 31. Clamping piece; 32. Guide hole; 33. Annular groove; 34. Mounting groove; 35. Clamping strip; 36. Wool felt two; 37. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments and drawings are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0043] A high-speed rotating cap 3 hot gas outflow anti-icing test device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base support 2, a rotating cap 3, a main shaft 4, a bushing 5, a clamp 6, an electric main shaft 7, a pipe sleeve 8, a thermocouple, a hot gas pipe 10, a flow meter 11, a pipe support 12, and a support 13. The base support 2 has two 20mm diameter mounting holes 1 and four 8mm diameter mounting holes 1. The upper end of the base support 2 is bolted to the support 13. A clamp 6 is bolted to the rear of the support 13. Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the bushing 5 is mounted on the clamp 6, as... Figure 4 ,8 As shown in Figures 9 and 1, the main shaft 4 is rotatably mounted within the bushing 5 via two sets of large bearings 17 distributed front and rear. A short stop bar is installed between the two bearings in each set of large bearings 17. Figure 13 As shown, the rear end of the main shaft 4 is funnel-shaped, and one end of the funnel-shaped end has an annular protrusion; the annular protrusion has circumferentially evenly distributed guide holes 31; the main shaft 4 has circumferentially evenly distributed mounting grooves 33 inside; a guide groove 34 extending out of the front end of the main shaft 4 is opened on the outer circular surface of the main shaft 4; a retaining strip 35 is fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the long retaining ring 29, and the long retaining ring 29 is installed between the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5 through the cooperation of the retaining strip 35 and the guide groove 34, and is located between the two sets of large bearings 17, which acts as a barrier between the two sets of large bearings 17; there is a gap between the outer circular surface of the long retaining ring and the inner circular surface of the bushing 5; as Figure 11 As shown, two bearing retaining rings 25 are bolted to both ends of the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5, and multiple felt rings 26 are installed between each bearing retaining ring 25 and the main shaft 4; a sealing ring 27 is installed between the bearing retaining ring 25 at the front end and the front end face of the main shaft 4; as shown Figure 1 As shown, the electric spindle 7 is mounted on the support 13, as... Figure 5 As shown, a first transmission gear 18 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the electric spindle 7. Multiple teeth are evenly arranged circumferentially on the end face of the first transmission gear 18 facing the spindle 4. A transmission rod 20 is slidably mounted in each of the mounting slots 33 on the spindle 4. The rear end of the transmission rod 20 obliquely extends upwards through the outer surface of the spindle 4 and enters the guide hole 31 at the rear end of the spindle 4 in a corresponding manner. A spring is installed between the transmission rod 20 and the spindle 4; the spring is a tension spring with preload. Figure 6 As shown, a second transmission gear disk 21 is fixedly installed at the front end of the transmission rod 20. Multiple teeth are evenly arranged circumferentially on the end of the second transmission gear disk 21 near the first transmission gear disk 18. The teeth on the first transmission gear disk and the teeth on the second transmission gear disk mesh; as shown... Figure 2 , 4 As shown, a hot air pipe 10 is installed between the electric spindle 7 and the spindle 4 via a small bearing 16; as Figure 12 As shown, two bearing retaining rings 28 are bolted to both ends of the output shaft of the main spindle 4 and the electric spindle 7. Each bearing retaining ring 28 is fitted with multiple felt 36 between itself and the main spindle 4. The inner diameter of the rear end of the hot air pipe 10 is smaller than that of the front end, and the arc surface at the change point is smoothly transitioned.

[0044] In this invention, a support device is formed by a base support 2, a support base 13, and a clamping seat 6, which provides support and fastening for the test piece, the rotating device, and the rotating drive device. The base support 2 is designed with two 20mm diameter mounting holes 1 and four 8mm diameter mounting holes 1, which are threaded to fix the test device in the ice tunnel test section; the support base 13 provides a mounting surface for the bushing 5 and the electric spindle 7; the clamping seat 6 is used to position and fix the bushing 5.

[0045] In this invention, two bearing retaining rings 25 at both ends act as a barrier between the two sets of large bearings 17 at both ends; wool felt 26 acts as a seal between the two sets of large bearings 17 between the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5. In this invention, wool felt 36 acts as a seal between the two sets of small bearings 16 between the main shaft 4 and the output shaft of the electric main shaft 7.

[0046] To facilitate the installation of the long retaining ring 29 between the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5, allowing the long retaining ring 29 to rotate with the main shaft 4 without affecting the circulating air inlet and rotating air outlet, a guide groove 34 extending out from the front end of the main shaft 4 is formed on the outer circumference of the main shaft 4. After the long retaining ring 29 is installed, the guide groove 34 needs to be sealed. Therefore, this invention installs a separate sealing ring 27 between the bearing retaining ring 25 located at the front end and the main shaft 4. The sealing ring 27 seals the guide groove 34 on the main shaft 4, preventing the hot air entering the front large bearing 17 assembly from dissipating from the guide groove 34 and affecting the heating effect of the large bearing 17.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the rotating cap 3 is bolted to the rear end of the main shaft 4; an air outlet is provided on the outer wall of the rear end of the rotating cap 3, perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cap 3; the rotating cap 3 and the transmission rod 20 passing through the guide hole 31 at the rear end of the main shaft 4 are in contact and pressed together.

[0048] Under normal conditions, the teeth on the first and second transmission gears mesh. When the electric spindle 7 is working, it drives the first transmission gear to rotate. The first transmission gear, through tooth engagement, drives the second transmission gear to rotate. The second transmission gear drives the transmission rod 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the main shaft 4 to rotate. The rotation of the main shaft 4 then drives the rotating cap 3 to rotate. During use, if the connection between the main shaft 4 and the rotating cap 3 becomes loose, a gap will appear between them. At this time, under the action of the spring, the transmission rod 20 will slide relative to the main shaft 4. The sliding of the transmission rod 20 will cause the second transmission gear to slide, disengaging it from the first transmission gear. The transmission between the electric spindle 7 and the rotating cap 3 will be disconnected, and the rotating cap 3 will stop rotating, preventing accidents.

[0049] This invention comprises a rotating device consisting of large and small bearings 16, a main shaft 4, and a rotating cap 3 prototype. Considering that the machining tool cannot penetrate deep into the cap's inner cavity during processing, the rotating cap 3 is designed to be machined in two parts. The rear air inlet section of the cap is machined together with the main shaft 4. The rotating cap 3 and the main shaft 4 are connected by positioning steps and bolts, forming an anti-icing chamber. Hot air is introduced into the anti-icing chamber through the central cavity of the main shaft 4 and finally escapes through the air outlet. The rotating cap 3 and the main shaft 4 are precisely assembled via positioning steps. To prevent relative movement between the main shaft 4 and the rotating cap 3, 16 M6 bolts are installed at the connection point.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, there are circulating air inlets 22 and circulating air outlets 23 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction between the hot air pipe 10, the main shaft 4 and the long retaining ring 29; the circulating air inlet 22 is located at the end of the large inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10, and the circulating air outlet 23 is located at the end of the small inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10.

[0051] In this invention, there is a gap between the inner surface of the bushing 5 and the outer surface of the main shaft 4, and a gap between the hot air pipe 10 and the main shaft 4; because there are circumferentially evenly distributed circulating air inlet holes 22 and circulating air outlet holes 23 between the hot air pipe 10, the main shaft 4, and the long retaining ring 29; the circulating air inlet hole 22 is located at the end of the larger inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10, and the circulating air outlet hole 23 is located at the end of the smaller inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10, the hot air flow velocity at the end of the larger inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10 is relatively smaller than the hot air flow velocity at the end of the smaller inner diameter, according to the air... According to kinetics, the hot air flow pressure at the end with the larger inner diameter of the hot air pipe 10 is greater than that at the end with the smaller inner diameter. Therefore, when the hot air flows through the hot air pipe 10, some of the hot air will flow in from the circulation inlet and out from the circulation outlet after passing through the gaps between the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5, and between the main shaft 4 and the hot air pipe 10. During this process, the hot air flowing into the gaps between the main shaft 4 and the bushing 5, and between the main shaft 4 and the hot air pipe 10, will heat the large and small bearings 16, ensuring that the large and small bearings 16 can work at the optimal temperature.

[0052] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the pipe sleeve 8 is installed at the front end of the support 13 via the pipe bracket 12; a thermocouple assembly 9 is installed inside the hot air pipe 10, the wire at the front end of the thermocouple assembly 9 passes through the outer wall of the front end of the hot air pipe 10, and the thermocouple probe at the rear end of the thermocouple assembly 9 is installed at the rear end of the hot air pipe 10 via the support plate 37.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a flow meter 11 is installed at the front end of the hot air pipe 10.

[0054] The rotating cap 3 is equipped with a vibration sensor.

[0055] The hot gas supply device for the ice tunnel can measure and regulate the flow rate and temperature of the hot gas through high-precision sensors within the device. However, during actual testing, the hot gas experiences mass and heat loss within the pipeline, resulting in a significant difference between the flow rate and temperature of the hot gas entering the anti-icing cavity and the flow rate and temperature at the outlet of the hot gas supply device. Therefore, it is necessary to install a temperature measuring device at the inlet of the anti-icing cavity and a flow measuring device at the tail of the hot gas pipeline 10. The flow measuring device is an electromagnetic flowmeter 11, installed at the tail of the hot gas pipeline 10, which can measure the flow rate of the gas passing through the hot gas pipeline 10. The temperature measuring device at the inlet of the anti-icing cavity uses a K-type armored thermocouple with a probe diameter of 1mm, a probe length of 1m, a temperature range of -40 to 375℃, an accuracy class of I, and a thermal response time of less than 0.5s. To insert the thermocouple into the inlet of the anti-icing cavity, a hole is opened at the rear end of the stationary hot gas pipeline 10, and the thermocouple is inserted to guide it into the hot gas pipeline 10. The thermocouple probe is strong and not easily bent, allowing it to move along the hot gas pipe 10 until it reaches the measuring point and is fixed within the hot gas pipe 10. The specific installation location is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. After the thermocouple is delivered to the designated location, the pipe opening is sealed with high-temperature resistant adhesive. The adhesive fully cures after 12 hours. The cured adhesive has sufficient strength to fix the thermocouple and prevent hot gas leakage from the pipe.

[0056] Hot air pipe 10 enters through the through hole at the tail of electric spindle 7, passes through the inner cavity of electric spindle 7 and spindle 4, and enters the anti-icing cavity. To prevent relative displacement of hot air pipe 10 within the electric spindle 7 and spindle 4 cavities, a pipe support 12 is installed on the plane of electric spindle 7 to clamp the hot air pipe 10. To keep the bushing 5 and hot air pipe 10 stationary during rotation, four large bearings 17 are installed between bushing 5 and spindle 4. The large bearings 17 are angular contact bearings with an inner diameter of 60mm and an outer diameter of 85mm, and a limiting speed of 12000rpm. Two small bearings 16 are installed between hot air pipe 10 and spindle 4. The small bearings 16 are deep groove ball bearings with an inner diameter of 35mm and an outer diameter of 47mm. To prevent hot air leakage from the pipe, a sealing ring 27 is installed at the inlet of the anti-icing cavity. Three rows of wool felt are fixed inside the sealing ring 27, forming a relative seal between the wool felt and the hot air pipe 10.

[0057] This invention conducts research on hot air outflow anti-icing based on traditional hot air anti-icing. In the hot air outflow anti-icing structure, hot air is not only used to heat the inner surface of the cap, but also a portion of hot air is ejected through the air outlet at the front end of the rotating cap 3 and comes into direct contact with the incoming cold air. The internal jet impact heat transfer and the external hot air film coupled heat transfer together heat the anti-icing surface.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Implementation: When using the device designed in this invention, under normal conditions, the teeth on the first transmission gear plate and the teeth on the second transmission gear plate mesh. When the electric spindle 7 is working, the electric spindle 7 drives the first transmission gear plate to rotate. The first transmission gear plate drives the second transmission gear plate to rotate through tooth engagement. The second transmission gear plate drives the transmission rod 20 to rotate. The transmission rod 20 drives the main shaft 4 to rotate. The rotation of the main shaft 4 drives the rotating cap 3 to rotate. During use, if the connection between the main shaft 4 and the rotating cap 3 becomes loose, a gap will appear between the main shaft 4 and the rotating cap 3. At this time, under the action of the spring, the transmission rod 20 will slide relative to the main shaft 4. The sliding of the transmission rod 20 drives the second transmission gear plate to slide, causing the second transmission gear plate to disengage from the first transmission gear plate. The transmission between the electric spindle 7 and the rotating cap 3 is disconnected, and the rotating cap 3 stops rotating. During this process, the spring 19 needs to have a large tension.

[0060] Another scenario is that after prolonged use, the spring tension decreases. If the connection between the main shaft 4 and the rotating cap 3 becomes loose during use, a gap will appear between them. However, because the spring tension of spring 19 is weak, the travel of transmission rod 20 is small. During this process, when vibration occurs, the vibration sensor detects the vibration, the electric main shaft 7 decelerates and disconnects, the rotation speed of rotating cap 3 decreases, and the pressure of rotating cap 3 on transmission rod 20 decreases. At this time, under the action of spring 19, the second transmission gear plate and the first transmission gear plate are disengaged, the transmission between electric main shaft 7 and rotating cap 3 is disconnected, and rotating cap 3 stops rotating.

Claims

1. A high-speed rotating cap heat gas outflow anti-icing test device, characterized in that: It includes a base support, a rotating cap, a main shaft, a bushing, a clamp, an electric spindle, a thermocouple, a hot air pipe, and a support base. The upper end of the base support is bolted to the support base; a clamp is bolted to the rear of the support base; the bushing is mounted on the clamp; the main shaft is rotatably mounted within the bushing via two sets of large bearings distributed front and rear; the electric spindle is mounted on the support base; a first transmission gear plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the electric spindle; the end face of the first transmission gear plate facing the main shaft has multiple teeth evenly arranged circumferentially; the main shaft... Multiple transmission rods are slidably mounted evenly on the inner circumference of the spindle. The rear ends of the transmission rods extend obliquely upwards through the outer circumference of the main shaft and enter the guide holes opened at the rear end of the main shaft one by one. A spring is installed between the transmission rod and the main shaft. A second transmission gear plate is fixedly mounted on the front end of the transmission rod. Multiple teeth are evenly arranged circumferentially on the end of the second transmission gear plate near the first transmission gear plate. The teeth on the first transmission gear plate and the teeth on the second transmission gear plate mesh. A hot air pipe is installed between the electric spindle and the main shaft through a small bearing. The rotating cap is bolted to the rear end of the main shaft; an air vent perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cap is opened on the outer wall of the rear end of the rotating cap; the rotating cap and the rear end of the transmission rod are in contact and pressed together. The pipe sleeve is installed at the front end of the support via a pipe bracket; a thermocouple assembly is installed inside the hot gas pipe, with the wire at the front end of the thermocouple assembly passing through the outer wall of the front end of the hot gas pipe, and the thermocouple probe at the rear end of the thermocouple assembly being installed at the rear end of the hot gas pipe via a support plate.

2. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base support has two mounting holes with a diameter of 20mm and four mounting holes with a diameter of 8mm.

3. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A short stop bar is installed between the two bearings in each set of large bearings; a guide groove is opened on the outer circular surface of the main shaft, extending out of the front end of the main shaft; a retaining strip is fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the long retaining ring, and the long retaining ring is installed between the main shaft and the bushing through the cooperation of the retaining strip and the guide groove, and is located between the two sets of large bearings, which serves as a barrier between the two sets of large bearings.

4. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two bearing retaining rings are bolted to both ends of the main shaft and the bushing. A sealing ring is installed between the bearing retaining ring at the front end and the front end face of the main shaft.

5. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a gap between the outer circular surface of the long retaining ring and the inner circular surface of the bushing; the inner diameter of the rear end of the hot air pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the front end, and the arc surface at the change is smoothly transitioned; there are circumferentially evenly distributed circulating air inlet holes and circulating air outlet holes between the hot air pipe, the main shaft and the long retaining ring; the circulating air inlet hole is located at the end of the large inner diameter of the hot air pipe, and the circulating air outlet hole is located at the end of the small inner diameter of the hot air pipe.

6. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the main shaft is funnel-shaped, with an annular protrusion at one end. The annular protrusion has circumferentially evenly distributed guide holes. The main shaft has circumferentially evenly distributed mounting slots. A transmission rod is slidably mounted in each of the mounting slots on the main shaft. The rear end of each transmission rod obliquely extends upwards through the outer surface of the main shaft and enters the corresponding guide holes at the rear end of the main shaft. A spring is installed between the transmission rod and the main shaft; the spring is a tension spring with preload. The rotating cap and the transmission rod passing through the guide holes at the rear end of the main shaft are in contact and press-fit engagement.

7. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple felt pads are installed between each of the bearing retaining rings and the main shaft.

8. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bearing retaining rings are bolted to both ends of the main spindle and the output shaft of the electric spindle.

9. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Multiple felt rings are installed between each of the bearing retaining rings and the main shaft.

10. The high-speed rotating cap hot gas outflow anti-icing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow meter is installed at the front end of the hot air pipe.

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