Improved pneumatic cutting device with oscillating blade for leather cutting machines
By improving the pneumatic cutting device, the automatic swing switching of the piston and the air cushion braking are optimized by using the switching chamber and duct system, which solves the problems of inaccurate piston control and uneconomical use of compressed air in the prior art, and achieves more efficient cutting speed and structural simplification.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TESEO SPA
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing pneumatic cutting devices have difficulty precisely controlling the reverse movement of the swing piston when cutting sheets, and also suffer from problems such as uneconomical use of compressed air and slow speed.
An improved pneumatic cutting device is adopted, which realizes automatic swing switching of the piston by setting a switching chamber and duct system with a specific structure on the head and rod of the swing piston, and reduces the impact between the piston and the running wall by air cushion braking, and optimizes the flow path of compressed air.
It achieves more precise piston swing control, reduces compressed air usage, improves cutting speed and fluid dynamics efficiency, reduces noise and vibration, and simplifies the device structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN117957102B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of CNC automatic cutting machines, which are used to cut sheet materials such as wallets, leather pieces, animal hides, and synthetic leather.
[0002] In particular, the present invention relates to an improved pneumatic cutting device having a oscillating blade mounted on a cutting machine. Background Technology
[0003] As is known, a cutting machine includes: a working surface in which the material to be cut, such as leather pieces, synthetic leather, etc., is arranged; a frame movably mounted above the working surface; and a cutting device mounted on the frame and having a cutting blade disposed below it.
[0004] It also includes a moving tool, which is carried by a frame to move the cutting device according to three Cartesian axes above the work plane.
[0005] In this way, the cutting device can be positioned above the leather piece and the cutting blade can be lowered to cut the leather and moved according to a given cutting path in order to cut the leather based on a predetermined and / or desired contour.
[0006] The cutting device for this purpose is pre-configured such that the cutting blade is formed to be able to swing vertically from the lower cutting position to the upper cutting position during the cutting of the leather piece, while always remaining within the thickness of the material to be cut / carved.
[0007] For this purpose, pneumatic cutting devices are currently used, wherein the cutting blade is formed to oscillate vertically by a pneumatic supply (such as compressed air).
[0008] For example, a known pneumatic cutting device with a oscillating blade is described in international patent application WO2018 / 203199 filed in the name of the same applicant.
[0009] The pneumatic cutting device (90) includes a body (C) and a cutting blade (L) for cutting leather pieces stretched on a working plane.
[0010] The pneumatic cutting device (90) is implemented and constructed in such a way that the cutting blade (L) is pneumatically activated so that it can swing vertically to carve and cut the leather piece.
[0011] Figures 1A and 1B show, respectively, front views of the improved pneumatic cutting device (90) described in this document, where the cutting blade (L) is represented by two different operating configurations available during its oscillation: a lower cutting position (L1) (see Figure 1A) and an upper cutting position (L2) (see Figure 1B). Figure 1B ).
[0012] The cutting device (90) is thus implemented to include, in this manner, a swing chamber (1) inside the main body (C), which is adapted to have an upper running wall (11) and a lower running wall (12), and a swing piston (10) having a head (13) and a rod (14) (see Figure 2A and 2B ).
[0013] The swing piston (10) is arranged such that its head (13) is inserted into the swing chamber (1), between the upper running wall (11) and the lower running wall (12), and the rod (14) is connected to the cutting blade (L).
[0014] When the head (13) of the swing piston (10) abuts against the lower running wall (12) of the swing chamber (1), Figure 2A When the cutting blade (L) is in the lower cutting position (L1), and the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is adjacent to and abuts against the upper running wall (11) of the swing chamber (1), Figure 2B The cutting blade (L) is in the upper cutting position (L2).
[0015] The upper running wall (11) is arranged at a certain distance from the lower running wall (12) in the main body (C), such that when the head (13) of the swing piston (10) contacts the upper running wall (11), the cutting blade (L) reaches the upper cutting position (L2), so that the cutting blade (L) basically remains in contact with the leather piece to be cut, or is slightly withdrawn, in order to ensure the continuity of the cutting operation.
[0016] The distance between the upper wall (11) and the lower wall (12) thus determines the physical extent of the swing stroke that the cutting blade (L) can make.
[0017] In order to pneumatically activate the swing of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) in the opposite swing chamber (1), and thus for the vertical swing of the cutting blade (L), the pneumatic cutting device (90) is provided with an opposite pneumatic activation system (P) communicating with the swing chamber (1).
[0018] The pneumatic cutting device (90) implemented according to the description in this patent application belonging to the applicant is capable of performing the switching of the stroke of the swing piston (10) completely automatically, that is, without the presence of an external valve mechanism and / or switching mechanism due to the specific construction of the rod (14) of the piston (10), the specific construction of the head (13) of the piston (10), and the specific construction of the pneumatic supply system (P).
[0019] Specific features in Figure 2A and 2B It is shown in detail in the text. Figures 2A to 2BViews along section lines II and II-II of Figures 1A and 1B are shown respectively.
[0020] The pneumatic activation system (P) includes a pneumatic supply source (e.g., compressed air) schematically indicated by arrow (P1), an upper discharge port (S1), and a lower discharge port (S2).
[0021] The main body (C) is formed in such a way as to include a cylindrical cavity (16), and the rod (14) of the swing piston (10) is pre-configured to be able to slide alternately in the cylindrical cavity (16).
[0022] Furthermore, the rod (14) of the swing piston (10) is adapted in such a way that it slides relative to the piston in the cylindrical cavity (16) below the swing chamber (1), and thus in a position lower than the head (13):
[0023] The upper annular portion (141) and the lower annular portion (142) slide in contact with the wall of the cylindrical cavity (16);
[0024] An annular recess (140) is included between two annular portions (141, 142);
[0025] And internal conduit (17).
[0026] The rod (14) is also provided with a through hole (18), which is pre-set in a position below the lower annular portion (142) along the rod (14) and allows the internal conduit (17) to communicate with the outside of the rod (14).
[0027] The head (13) of the swing piston (10) is provided with at least one through hole (130) arranged for placing the internal conduit (17) of the rod (14) in communication with a portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) included between the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and the upper running wall (11) of the swing chamber (1).
[0028] The pneumatic activation system (P) is arranged and constructed as follows.
[0029] It includes:
[0030] The oscillation switching chamber (8) of the oscillating piston (10) is adapted in such a way that the oscillation areas of the two annular portions (141, 142) of the rod (14) are located below the oscillation chamber (1) and include an upper annular chamber (8A) and a lower annular chamber (8B) in part of the wall of the cylindrical cavity (16).
[0031] The main pipe (81) is implemented and pre-installed in the main body (C) so as to communicate with the pneumatic supply source (P1) on one side and with a portion of the lower annular chamber (8B) of the switching chamber (8) on the other side;
[0032] A secondary conduit (82) is implemented and pre-positioned in the main body (C) to position the upper annular chamber (8A) of the switching chamber (8) in communication with the swing chamber (1) via a passage hole (83) implemented in the lower end running wall (12) of the swing chamber (1).
[0033] The upper discharge port (S1) is formed in part of the wall of the cylindrical cavity (16), below the swing chamber (1) and above the upper annular chamber (8A) of the switching chamber (8), and communicates with the outside via the first discharge conduit (92), which is also realized and pre-set in the main body (C).
[0034] In sequence, a lower discharge port (S2) is formed in a part of the wall of the cylindrical cavity (16), below the swing chamber (1) and below the lower annular chamber (8B) of the switching chamber (8), and the lower discharge port (S2) communicates with the outside via a second discharge conduit (94), which is implemented and pre-set in the main body (C).
[0035] Furthermore, the annular recess (140) of the rod (14) is sized such that the hole (18) of the rod (14) is positioned below the lower annular portion (142) relative to the annular recess (140), thereby causing the following conditions to occur as the rod (14) slides alternately in the cylindrical cavity (16):
[0036] When the annular recess (140) of rod (14) is positioned at the switching chamber (8) so that the lower annular chamber (8B) and the upper annular chamber (8A) are in communication, the hole (18) of rod (14) is positioned at the lower discharge port (S2) (see Figure 2A This allows the main tube (81) to communicate with the auxiliary tube (82) via the lower annular chamber (8B), the annular recess (140), and the upper annular chamber (8A), and thus the pneumatic supply source (P1) to communicate with the portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) included between the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12) of the swing piston (10) (see...). Figure 2A (See solid arrow in the image), and the portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and the upper running wall (11) communicates with the lower discharge port (S2), and then through a second discharge conduit (94) having an external side, through the hole (130) of the head (13) of the piston (10), the internal conduit (17) of the rod (14) and the hole (18) of the rod (14) (see solid arrow in the image). Figure 2A(The dashed arrow in the image) allows the swing piston (10) to be pneumatically pushed upward;
[0037] And when the annular recess (140) of the second upper rod portion (14) is positioned at the upper discharge port (S1) and in the upper annular chamber (8A) of the switching chamber (8) communicating with the auxiliary conduit (82), the hole (18) of the rod (14) is located in the lower annular chamber (8B) of the switching chamber (8) and thus communicates with the main guide tube (81) (see Figure 2B This allows the pneumatic power source (P1) to communicate with the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the upper running wall (11) and the head (13) of the swing piston (10) via the main tube (81), the hole (18) of the rod (14), the internal conduit (17) of the rod (14), and the hole (130) in the head (13) of the swing piston (10). (See...) Figure 2B (Solid arrow), the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and the lower running wall (12) communicates with the upper discharge port (S1) via the auxiliary conduit (82), the upper annular chamber (8A) of the switching chamber (8) and the annular recess (140), and then communicates with the external environment via the first discharge conduit (92) (see solid arrow). Figure 2B (The dashed arrow) allows the swing piston (10) to be pneumatically pushed downward.
[0038] Due to the aforementioned special features, in the pneumatic cutting device (90) described in the aforementioned patent application belonging to the applicant, the switching of the piston's swing is activated and determined by the piston based on the position of the relative rod relative to the cylindrical cavity of the body, in particular the position of the relative annular recess relative to the switching chamber (upper annular chamber and lower annular chamber) and the two discharge ports (upper discharge port and lower discharge port).
[0039] This pneumatic cutting device has been found to be very effective for cutting materials in sheet form (such as leather sheets and / or animal hides).
[0040] However, over time, the applicant encountered a need for more precise control over the reversal of the swinging motion of the swing piston, a step that occurs together with the impact of the swing piston head on the upper and lower running walls, and for achieving a greater swing speed by using less compressed air in the pneumatic supply source section. Summary of the Invention
[0041] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to disclose a new and improved pneumatic cutting device having a oscillating blade for a leather cutting machine, the oscillating blade being able to achieve the above-mentioned object.
[0042] Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a novel and improved pneumatic cutting device that has more functions and a less complex overall structure, and thus simplifies the production process.
[0043] The above objective is achieved by an improved pneumatic cutting device with a oscillating blade for a leather cutting machine, as described in the claims. Attached Figure Description
[0044] The features of a preferred embodiment of the improved pneumatic cutting device with a oscillating blade for a leather cutting machine according to the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0045] —Figures 1A and 1B, each a front view, illustrate the pneumatic cutting device described in the aforementioned patent application filed by the same applicant, wherein the cutting blade is represented in two different operating positions: the lower cutting position (L1) in Figure 1A and… Figure 1B The upper cutting position (L2) in the middle;
[0046] — Figure 2A This is an enlarged view along section II of Figure 1A;
[0047] — Figure 2B It is along Figure 1B An enlarged view of section II-II;
[0048] — Figures 3A to 3C The improved pneumatic cutting device of the present invention is shown in its respective front view, illustrating the cutting blade in three different operating positions. Figure 3A The lower cutting position (L1) in the middle, Figure 3B The middle cutting position (LM) in the middle, and Figure 3C The upper cutting position (L2) in the middle;
[0049] — Figure 4A It is along Figure 3A Enlarged view of the cross-section and longitudinal section plane III-III;
[0050] — Figure 4B It is along Figure 3B Enlarged views of the cross-section and longitudinal section plane IV-V;
[0051] — Figure 4C It is along Figure 3C Enlarged view of the cross-section and longitudinal section plane VV;
[0052] — Figure 5A This is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional and longitudinal planes of the improved pneumatic cutting device of the present invention, taken at the cutting position between the intermediate cutting position (LM) and the upper cutting position (L2); and
[0053] — Figure 5B This is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional and longitudinal planes of the improved pneumatic cutting device of the present invention, taken at the cutting position between the intermediate cutting position (LM) and the lower cutting position (L1). Detailed Implementation
[0054] Referring to the accompanying drawings, reference numeral (100) indicates the overall improved pneumatic cutting device with oscillating blade for a leather cutting machine according to the present invention.
[0055] The improved pneumatic cutting device (100) includes some of the same features as the pneumatic cutting device of the above-mentioned and said patent applications belonging to the same applicant, particularly relating to the usual general features present in pneumatic cutting devices.
[0056] Therefore, in the following description, those components of the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) of the present invention that correspond to the pneumatic cutting device of the aforementioned patent application will be represented by the same numbers and letters.
[0057] Therefore, the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) includes a body (C) and a cutting blade (L) for cutting leather pieces stretched on a working plane (the leather pieces and the working plane are not shown in the figure because they are not relevant to the present invention).
[0058] In this respect, the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) is pre-configured and constructed to be installed on, for example, a CNC cutting machine.
[0059] The device is constructed and pre-set in such a way that the cutting blade (L) is pneumatically activated so that it can swing vertically to carve and cut the leather pieces.
[0060] Figures 3A to 3C The improved pneumatic cutting device (100) of the present invention is shown in a front view, wherein the cutting blade (L) represents different operating configurations that can be achieved during its oscillation, namely the lower cutting position (L1) (see...). Figure 3A ), where the cutting blade (L) cuts through the entire thickness of the leather, with the middle cutting position (LM) ( Figure 3B ), where the cutting blade (L) is inside the thickness of the leather piece, and the upper cutting position (L2) ( Figure 3C The cutting blade (L) is located at the top of the leather piece.
[0061] The improved pneumatic cutting device (100) has a swing chamber (1) and a swing piston (10) inside the main body (C). The swing chamber (1) is adapted in such a way to define the upper running wall (11), the lower running wall (12) and the side surface (10A) between the upper running wall (11) and the lower running wall (12).
[0062] The oscillating piston (10) includes a head (13) and a rod (14). The oscillating piston (10) is pre-configured relative to the body (C) such that its head (13) is inserted into the oscillating chamber (1) between the upper running wall (11) and the lower running wall (12), and the rod (14) is slidably arranged in a sliding seat (14A) longitudinally realized in the body (C) and communicating with the oscillating chamber (1) so that the rod can be connected to the cutting blade (L) via an end opposite to the end connected to the oscillating piston (10) (see, for example, [reference]). Figure 4A Up to 5C).
[0063] The rod (14) includes a proximal portion (148) of the head (13) connected to the oscillating piston (10) and a distal portion (149) connected to the cutting blade (L).
[0064] For example, the slide (14A) may have a cylindrical shape, with its upper part connected to the swing chamber (1) via a through window formed in the lower running wall (12), and the rod (14) may also have a cylindrical shape.
[0065] The head (13) of the swing piston (10) is adapted in such a way to include an upper adjacent surface (131), a lower adjacent surface (132) and a side surface (130) between the upper adjacent surface (131) and the lower adjacent surface (132).
[0066] In order to make the head (13) swing in the swing chamber (1), the cutting device (100) includes a pneumatic activation system (P), which includes a pneumatic supply source (P1) (schematically shown by solid arrow lines).
[0067] The pneumatic activation system (P) is configured such that a first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and the lower running wall (12), and a second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and the upper running wall (11), and is positioned to alternately communicate with the pneumatic supply source (P1).
[0068] In this manner, by injecting compressed air, the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is pneumatically moved to the lower end running position (PL) within the swing chamber (1) (see... Figure 4A ) and the upper running position (PS) (see Figure 4CThe head (13) swings between the two sides, and in the lower running position, the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) abuts against the lower running wall (12), while the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) abuts against the upper running wall (11), thus causing the rod (14) and therefore the cutting blade (L) to be in the lower cutting position (L1) of the leather piece. Figure 3A ) and the upper cut position of the leather piece (L2)( Figure 3C It swings vertically between )
[0069] The swing chamber (1) is adapted in such a way that the upper running wall (11) is arranged at a certain distance relative to the lower running wall (12) so that when the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) comes into contact with the upper running wall (11), the cutting blade (L) reaches the upper cutting position (L2) so that it remains substantially in contact with the leather piece to be cut or (possibly) slightly withdrawn, in order to ensure the continuity of the cutting operation.
[0070] The specific features of the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) of the present invention involve a specific configuration of the rod in the relatively proximal portion (148) near the head (13) of the swing piston (10), and a specific configuration and structure of the pneumatic activation system (P) responsible for the swing of the head (13) of the piston (10) in the swing chamber (1), and thus also responsible for the vertical swing of the cutting blade (L), as described in detail below.
[0071] The proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) is implemented and constructed in such a way that it has a corresponding transverse cross section that is lower than that of the slide seat (14A) in such a way that during the swinging of the rod (14), a passageway (150) is defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the slide seat (14A), the passageway (150) communicating with a first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) included between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12), and the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) has a corresponding cross section so as to be able to slide in a sealed manner with the slide seat (14A).
[0072] The pneumatic activation system (P) is formed and constructed in this manner to include:
[0073] The switching chamber (30) is located in the main body (C) at a position lower than the swing chamber (1) and is in communication with the sliding seat (14A) of the rod (14);
[0074] The main supply conduit (61) is implemented in the main body (C) and is arranged and constructed such that the first end (61A) of the main supply conduit (61) is connected to the pneumatic supply source (P1) and the second end (61B) of the main supply conduit (61) is connected to the switching chamber (30);
[0075] A secondary supply conduit (62) is realized in the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and inside the rod (14), and the secondary supply conduit has an extension such that the secondary supply conduit includes a first end (62A) at a first passage hole (F1) realized in the upper abutment surface (131) of the head (13), in such a way that the secondary supply conduit (62) communicates with a second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1), the second portion including between the upper abutment surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper running wall (11), and a second end (62B) at a second passage hole (F2) realized on a portion of the side surface of the distal portion (149) of the rod (14), in such a way that the secondary supply conduit (62) communicates with the outside of the rod (14);
[0076] A first discharge hole (51), which communicates with the outside, is formed in the side surface (10A) of the swing chamber (1) at the upper part (30A);
[0077] The second discharge hole (52), which communicates with the outside, is formed in the side surface (10A) of the swing chamber (1) below the first discharge hole (51) at the lower part (30B) of the swing chamber (1).
[0078] More specifically, the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is sized, the rod (14) is sized, and the switching chamber (30) is realized in the body (C) at a position lower than the swing chamber (1), such that:
[0079] When the head (13) of the oscillating piston (10) is in the lower running position (PL), and the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) abuts against the lower running wall (12) (see example...) Figure 4A When the rod (14) is in a position relative to the slide seat (14A), the passageway (150) defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the slide seat (14A) communicates with the switching chamber (30), the second passage hole (F2) existing in the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) is closed by the side surface of the slide seat (14A), the first discharge hole (51) communicates with the upper part (30A) of the swing chamber (1) and the second discharge hole (52) is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13), so the main supply conduit (61) (see Figure 4A(Solid arrow in the image) communicates via the switching chamber (30) and the passageway (150) with the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) included between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12), and the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) included between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper end running wall (11) (see solid arrow in the image). Figure 4A The solid arrow in the middle) communicates with the outside through the first discharge hole (51), so that the pneumatic supply source (P1) is connected to the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1), and the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) is connected to the outside, so that the swing piston (10) can be pneumatically pushed upward.
[0080] When the head (13) of the oscillating piston (10) is in the upper running position (PS) and the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) abuts against the upper running wall (11) (see Figure 4C The rod (14) is positioned relative to the slide (14A) such that the passageway (150) defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the slide (14A) no longer communicates with the switching chamber (30), the second passageway (F2) present in the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) communicates with the switching chamber (30), the first discharge port (51) is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13) and the second discharge port (52) communicates with the lower part (30B) of the swing chamber (1), and thus the main supply conduit (61) (see...) Figure 4C The solid arrows in the diagram communicate via the switching chamber (30) and the second access port (F2). The auxiliary supply conduit (62) and the first access port (F1) communicate with the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) included between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper running wall (11), while the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower running wall (12) (see...) Figure 4C The solid arrow in the middle is connected to the outside through the second discharge hole (52), so that the pneumatic supply source (P1) is connected to the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1), while the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) is connected to the outside, so that the swing piston (10) can be pneumatically pushed downward.
[0081] Therefore, in the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) of the present invention, the switching of the swing of the swing piston (10) in the swing chamber (1) occurs automatically and is attributed to the presence of the switching chamber (30), which is alternately connected to the first part (1A) and the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) via a passage channel (150) between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the slide seat (14A), and a secondary supply conduit (62) between the interior of the rod (14) and the head (13) of the swing piston (10).
[0082] Furthermore, the discharge port is made to be directly connected to the swing chamber (1) in this way (the first discharge port (51) is connected to the upper part (30A) of the swing chamber (1), and the second discharge port (52) is connected to the lower part (30B) of the swing chamber (1), which makes it possible to reduce the extension and overall length of the piston rod.
[0083] Therefore, the improved pneumatic cutting device of the present invention has a smaller and less complex structure, especially in the structure of the swing piston, such as in the relevant rod, in the part located below the swing chamber, there are no longer two annular protrusions and annular recesses.
[0084] Furthermore, the presence of a passageway between the proximal portion of the rod and the sliding seat makes the implementation of the auxiliary conduit in the main body of the device redundant. The auxiliary conduit is necessary to connect the switching chamber with the first part of the swing chamber, which is included between the swing piston head and the lower running wall.
[0085] Therefore, the structure of the swing piston (with a rod at the head) is simpler and more slender, and it can achieve a smaller size (length of the lower rod) compared to the cutting device in the previously cited literature.
[0086] Therefore, the improved pneumatic cutting device proposed in this invention is lighter and thus can achieve a significantly higher activation speed, i.e., the speed at which the swing stroke of the swing piston is switched, and thus the speed at which the cutting blade is switched, compared to the prior art.
[0087] Furthermore, the shorter flow path for supplying compressed air enables greater hydrodynamic efficiency, reduces filling and evacuation time, and provides improvements in both speed and compressed air consumption.
[0088] Other particularly advantageous aspects of the improved pneumatic cutting device (100) of the present invention are as follows.
[0089] The head (13) and rod (14) of the swing piston (10) are further fitted and sized in this manner such that when the head (13) is positioned in the swing chamber (1) at the intermediate position (PM) between the lower running position (PL) and the upper running position (PS) (see Figure 4B The lower adjacent surface (132) is a first distance from the lower running wall (12) and the upper adjacent surface (131) is a second distance from the upper running wall (11) equal to the first distance. The first discharge port (51) and the second discharge port (52) are closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13) and the switching chamber (30) is closed by a portion of the side surface of the distal portion (149) of the rod (14). In this way, the first part (1A) and the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) are isolated relative to the pneumatic supply source (P1) and relative to the outside.
[0090] This allows for control over piston deceleration before the head reaches the end running position (lower or upper) for reversing the swing stroke.
[0091] In practice, as will be described in detail below, an air cushion is produced that performs a braking effect and thus slows down the piston stroke.
[0092] Furthermore, when the piston head reaches the upper running wall (see...) Figure 5A ) in contact with or against the lower running wall (see Figure 5B Before contact, a flow of compressed air will act on it in the opposite direction to its displacement (responsible for the direction of its swing reversal), which will further help to slow down the stroke and thus significantly reduce the amount of solid contact with the upper and lower running walls.
[0093] For example, taking the lower end running position (PL) of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) inside the swing chamber (1) as a reference, wherein the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) is in contact with the lower running wall (12) (see Figure 4A (as shown in the example).
[0094] In this case, as explained above:
[0095] The rod (14) is in position relative to the slide (14A) such that the passageway (150) defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the slide (14A) communicates with the switching chamber (30), and the second passage hole (F2) existing in the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) is closed by the side surface of the slide (14A).
[0096] The first discharge port (51) is connected to the upper part (30A) of the swing chamber (1), while the second discharge port (52) is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13).
[0097] Therefore, the main supply conduit (61) communicates with the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower running wall (12) via the switching chamber (30) and the passageway (150), while the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper running wall (11) communicates with the outside via the first discharge port (51).
[0098] In this way, compressed air from the pneumatic supply source (P1) (see...) Figure 4A The solid arrow in the middle leads to the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) via the main supply conduit (61), switching chamber (30), and passageway (150).
[0099] As the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) communicates with the outside via the first discharge port (51), the head (13) is pushed upward by the compressed air entering the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1), i.e., toward the upper running wall (11), and the air present in the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) is discharged to the external environment (see Figure 4A (The dashed arrow in the middle).
[0100] As it rises, the head (13) of the swing piston (10) reaches the intermediate position (PM), see Figure 4B At the intermediate position, within a very short time, the first discharge port (51) and the second discharge port (52) are closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13), and the switching chamber (30) is closed by a portion of the side surface of the distal portion (149) of the rod (14), such that the first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower running wall (12), and such that the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the upper adjacent surface (131) and the upper running wall (11), isolated relative to the pneumatic supply source (P1) and relative to the outside.
[0101] In this configuration, the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is no longer subjected to an upward thrust (because the passageway (150) is no longer connected to the switching chamber (30) and therefore to the main supply conduit (61), and thus its upward displacement occurs by inertia, opposite to the air cushion generated in the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) because it is no longer connected to the outside (the first discharge port (51) is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13)).
[0102] Therefore, in essence, the upward movement of the piston head experiences the first deceleration.
[0103] As it travels upwards due to inertia (i.e. towards the upper running wall (11)), the head (13) of the swing piston (10) will pass through the intermediate position (PM) (see... Figure 4B The insertion position is reached between the intermediate position (PM) and the upper running position (PS). Figure 5A As shown in the image.
[0104] exist Figure 5A In the position of the head (13) shown in the diagram, where the head (13) has passed its intermediate position (PM) but still reaches the upper operating position (PS), the second passage hole (F2) in the distal portion (149) of the side surface of the rod (14) will begin to face the switching chamber (30), thereby positioning the auxiliary supply conduit (62) to communicate with the main supply conduit (61) and thus with the pneumatic supply source (P1), and no longer connected to the second discharge hole (52) which is completely closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13), will begin to communicate with the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1).
[0105] Therefore, before the head (13) of the swing piston (10) reaches the upper abutment surface (131) of the upper running wall (11) during its upward stroke (i.e., towards the upper running wall (11)), there will be a torque, which includes the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the upper abutment surface (131) and the upper running wall (11) being connected to the pneumatic supply source (P1), and thus compressed air (see Figure 5A The solid arrow in the middle has begun to enter the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1), performing further braking and deceleration on the head (13) of the swing piston (10), thus significantly reducing the overall contact between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper running wall (11).
[0106] Corresponding to the reversal of the swing direction of the swing piston (from top to bottom), there will be less stress, less vibration and less noise.
[0107] Once the swing stroke of the swing piston head reverses, and therefore when the swing piston head moves from the upper running position (PS) ( Figure 4C ) after passing through the lower running position (PL) (see Figure 4A ), newly passed through the middle position (PM) ( Figure 4B The same thing will happen when ),
[0108] Once the intermediate position (MP) has been passed ( Figure 4BThe first part (1A) and the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) are both isolated relative to the pneumatic supply source (P1) and the external environment (as described above) and, during its operation, the head (13) of the swing piston (10) moves downward (i.e. towards the lower running wall (12)) by inertia, reaching the insertion position between the intermediate position (PM) and the lower running position (PS), as described above. Figure 5B As shown.
[0109] exist Figure 5B In the position of the head (13) shown in the figure, where the head (13) has passed the middle position (PM) but still needs to reach the lower operating position (PS), the second passage hole (F2) in the side surface of the distal part (149) of the rod (14) closes the side surface of the slide seat (14A), the passage channel (150) will begin to face and communicate with it, the switching chamber (30) and the main supply conduit (61) and the pneumatic supply source (P1) will begin to communicate with the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1), and no longer communicate with the first discharge hole (51) which is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13).
[0110] Therefore, before the head (13) of the swing piston (10) reaches the lower abutment surface (132) against the lower abutment wall (12) during its downward stroke (i.e., towards the lower operating wall (12)), there will be a torque, which includes the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the lower abutment surface (132) and the lower operating wall (11) already connected to the pneumatic supply source (P1), and thus, compressed air (see Figure 5B The solid arrow in the middle begins to enter the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1), and performs further braking and deceleration on the head (13) of the swing piston (10), thus significantly reducing the physical contact between the lower end running surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12).
[0111] Therefore, in this case, corresponding to the reversal of the swing direction of the swing piston (from bottom to top), there will be less stress, less vibration, and less noise.
[0112] In a preferred aspect, the pneumatic supply system (P) is formed to include an exhaust duct (41) implemented in the body (C) and the exhaust duct is arranged to have a first end (41A) communicating with the outside and includes a first branch duct (411) and a second branch duct (412).
[0113] The first branch conduit (411) is connected to the first discharge port (51), while the second branch conduit (412) is connected to the second discharge port (52).
Claims
1. An improved pneumatic cutting device (100) with a oscillating blade for a leather cutting machine, comprising: Main body (C); Cutting blade (L), which is used to cut leather pieces (V) stretched on the working plane; The swing chamber (1) is adapted inside the main body (C) to include an upper running wall (11), a lower running wall (12) and a side surface (10A) between the upper running wall (11) and the lower running wall (12). A swing piston (10) having a head (13) and a rod (14) is arranged such that its head (13) is inserted into the swing chamber (1) between the upper running wall (11) and the lower running wall (12), and the rod (14) is slidably arranged in a sliding seat (14A), longitudinally realized in the body (C) and communicating above with the swing chamber (1), wherein the head (13) is adapted to include an upper abutment surface (131), a lower abutment surface (132) and a side surface (130), and wherein the rod (14) is adapted to define a proximal portion (148) connected to the head (13) and a distal portion (149) connected to the cutting blade (L). A pneumatic activation system (P), comprising a pneumatic supply source (P1), configured such that a first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12), and a second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) is included between the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper end running wall (11), positioned to alternately communicate with the pneumatic supply source (P1) to pneumatically activate the head (13) of the swing piston (10) to... The swing chamber (1) swings between a lower running position (PL) and an upper running position (PS). In the lower running position, the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) abuts against the lower running wall (12), and in the upper running position, the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) abuts against the upper running wall (11), thereby causing the rod (14) and thus the cutting blade (L) to swing vertically between the lower cutting position (L1) and the upper cutting position (L2) of the leather piece. The swing chamber (1) is adapted such that the upper running wall (11) is arranged at a certain distance relative to the lower running wall (12) such that when the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) of the swing piston (10) comes into contact with the upper running wall (11), the cutting blade (L) reaches the upper cutting position (L2) such that it remains substantially in contact with the leather piece to be cut, or is slightly withdrawn, in order to ensure the continuity of the cutting operation; The characteristic feature is that the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) is implemented and configured to have a corresponding cross section lower than that of the sliding seat (14A), such that during the swinging of the rod (14), a passageway (150) communicating with the first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) is defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the sliding seat (14A), the first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) being included between the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12), and the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) has a corresponding cross section so as to be able to slide in a sealing manner with the sliding seat (14A); Furthermore, the pneumatic activation system (P) is characterized in that it is implemented and configured to include: The switching chamber (30) is located in the main body (C) at a position lower than the swing chamber (1) and communicates with the sliding seat (14A) of the rod (14); A main supply conduit (61), which is implemented in the body (C), is arranged and configured such that a first end (61A) of the main supply conduit (61) is in communication with the pneumatic supply source (P1) and a second end (61B) of the main supply conduit (61) is in communication with the switching chamber (30); A secondary supply conduit (62), which is realized in the head (13) of the swing piston (10) and inside the rod (14), has an extension such that the secondary supply conduit (62) includes a first end (62A) and a second end (62B), the first end (62A) being at a first passage hole (F1) realized in the upper abutment surface (131) of the head (13) such that the secondary supply conduit (62) communicates with the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1), the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) being included between the upper abutment surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper end running wall (11), and the second end (62B) being at a second passage hole (F2) realized on a portion of the side surface of the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) such that the secondary supply conduit (62) communicates with the outside of the rod (14); A first discharge hole (51), which communicates with the outside, is formed in the side surface (10A) of the swing chamber (1) at the upper part (30A); The second discharge port (52), which communicates with the outside, is formed in the side surface (10A) of the swing chamber (1) below the first discharge port (51) at the lower part (30B) of the swing chamber (1); The head (13) of the swing piston (10) is of a defined size, the rod (14) is of a defined size, and the switching chamber (30) is realized in the body (C) at a position lower than the swing chamber (1), such that: When the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is in the lower operating position (PL), and the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13) abuts against the lower operating wall (12), the rod (14) is in a position relative to the sliding seat (14A) such that the passageway (150) defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the sliding seat (14A) communicates with the switching chamber (30), the second passage hole (F2) existing in the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) is closed by the side surface of the sliding seat (14A), the first discharge hole (51) communicates with the upper portion (30A) of the swing chamber (1) and the second discharge hole (52) is closed by the lower abutting surface (132) of the head (13). The side surface (130) is closed, so the main supply conduit (61) communicates with the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the lower adjacent surface (132) of the head (13) and the lower end running wall (12) via the switching chamber (30) and the passage channel (150), while the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the upper adjacent surface (131) of the head (13) and the upper end running wall (11) communicates with the outside via the first discharge hole (51), so that the pneumatic supply source (P1) communicates with the first part (1A) of the swing chamber (1), while the second part (1B) of the swing chamber (1) communicates with the outside, so that the swing piston (10) can be pneumatically pushed upward; When the head (13) of the swing piston (10) is in the upper operating position (PS) and the upper abutting surface (131) of the head (13) abuts against the upper operating wall (11), the rod (14) is in a position relative to the sliding seat (14A) such that the passageway (150) defined between the proximal portion (148) of the rod (14) and the sliding seat (14A) is no longer in communication with the switching chamber (30), the second passage hole (F2) in the distal portion (149) of the rod (14) is in communication with the switching chamber (30), the first discharge hole (51) is closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13) and the second discharge hole (52) is in communication with the lower portion (30B) of the swing chamber (1), therefore The main supply conduit (61) communicates with the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) between the upper adjacent surface (131) and the upper running wall (11) of the head (13) via the switching chamber (30), the second passage hole (F2), the auxiliary supply conduit (62), and the first passage hole (F1). Meanwhile, the first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) between the lower adjacent surface (132) and the lower running wall (12) of the head (13) communicates with the outside via the second discharge hole (52), so that the pneumatic supply source (P1) communicates with the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) and the first portion (1A) of the swing chamber (1) communicates with the outside, so that the swing piston (10) can be pneumatically pushed downward.
2. The improved pneumatic cutting device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The head (13) and rod (14) of the swing piston (10) are further adapted and sized such that when the head (13) is positioned in the swing chamber (1) at an intermediate position (PM) between the lower operating position (PL) and the upper operating position (PS), the lower adjacent surface (132) is a first distance from the lower operating wall (12) and the upper adjacent surface (131) is a second distance from the upper operating wall (11) equal to the first distance, the first discharge port (51) and the second discharge port (52) are closed by the side surface (130) of the head (13), and the switching chamber (30) is closed by a portion of the side surface of the distal portion (149) of the rod (14), such that the first portion (1A) and the second portion (1B) of the swing chamber (1) are isolated relative to the pneumatic supply source (P1) and relative to the outside.
3. The improved pneumatic cutting device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The pneumatic activation system (P) includes an exhaust conduit (41) which is implemented in the body (C) and arranged to have a first end (41A) communicating with the outside and includes a first branch conduit (411) and a second branch conduit (412), the first branch conduit (411) communicating with the first exhaust port (51) and the second branch conduit (412) communicating with the second exhaust port (52).