Manikin device

Abstract

A human body simulator has an organ model simulating an external shape of an organ, an internal liquid accommodating portion, which is a space capable of accommodating liquid, a gas-liquid separation tank having an internal space for separating and accommodating gas and liquid, and a gas supply and suction device for supplying gas to the gas-liquid separation tank and suctioning gas accommodated in the gas-liquid separation tank. The gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid accommodating portion of the organ model are connected by a communication member for allowing liquid accommodated in the gas-liquid separation tank to flow, and when gas is supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank, the organ model is expanded by supplying an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid accommodating portion, and when gas is suctioned from the gas-liquid separation tank, the organ model is contracted by suctioning an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas from the liquid accommodating portion to the gas-liquid separation tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a human body simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Medical devices such as catheters are used for minimally invasive treatments or examinations within the lumens of organisms such as the circulatory or digestive systems. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a heart simulator that allows surgeons to simulate surgery using these medical devices. The heart simulator described in Patent Document 1 includes a heart model and a fluid supply and drainage device. The heart model has multiple independent ventricles, and the fluid supply and drainage device supplies and drains fluid from the heart model. By supplying and draining fluid from each ventricle of the heart model, the heart model is made to beat. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a liquid container that can prevent the introduction of gas into the contained liquid.

[0003] Existing technical documents

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-276258

[0006] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-1542 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] Here, surgeons and other operators acquire X-ray images of the heart model to monitor its behavior or that of medical devices within it while performing procedures. However, the heart simulator described in Patent Document 1 suffers from the following problem: when using a gas such as air as the fluid, the air filling the heart model appears white in the X-ray image, resulting in an X-ray image that is significantly different from a realistic clinical image. Furthermore, while the heart simulator in Patent Document 1 can obtain X-ray images that closely resemble realistic clinical images when using a liquid such as water as the fluid, it also presents the challenge of controlling the liquid in the fluid supply and drainage device to prevent leakage, leading to poor operability.

[0009] Furthermore, the technology described in Patent Document 2 does not consider utilizing liquid to simulate the heartbeat in the model. It should be noted that this issue is not limited to reproducing the heartbeat in a model, but is also a common issue in models of other human organs, such as those simulating the activity of the diaphragm or lungs during respiration.

[0010] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems. Its purpose is to make the X-ray images of organ models in human body simulation devices close to real clinical images and to improve the operability of the devices.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] The present invention was made to solve at least a part of the above-mentioned problems and can be implemented in the following ways.

[0013] (1) According to one aspect of the present invention, a human body simulation device is provided. The human body simulation device comprises: an organ model that simulates the shape of an organ and has a liquid containment portion inside, the liquid containment portion being a space for containing liquid; a gas-liquid separation tank having an internal space for gas and liquid to be contained in a separated state; and a gas supply and suction device that supplies gas to the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank, or suctions gas contained in the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank. The internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid containment of the organ model are connected by a connecting member, which allows the liquid contained in the gas-liquid separation tank to circulate. When gas is supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank from the gas supply suction device, the organ model expands by supplying an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid containment. When gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank by the gas supply suction device, the organ model contracts by drawing an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas drawn from the liquid containment to the gas-liquid separation tank.

[0014] According to this structure, the organ model expands by supplying liquid from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid containment section, and contracts by drawing liquid from the liquid containment section back into the gas-liquid separation tank. That is, to allow the organ model to expand and contract, the liquid containment section of the organ model is filled with liquids such as water or saline solution. Therefore, compared to filling it with gases such as air, the white cast on X-ray images can be suppressed, making the X-ray images of the organ model closer to realistic clinical images. Furthermore, when gas is supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank from the gas supply and suction device, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied is supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid containment section. When gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank by the gas supply and suction device, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas drawn is drawn from the liquid containment section back into the gas-liquid separation tank. In other words, the supply and suction of liquid via the gas-liquid separation tank are performed in accordance with the supply and suction of gas via the gas supply and suction device. Therefore, the gas supply and suction device allows for gas control without leakage, improving the operability of the human body simulation device.

[0015] (2) In the human body simulation device described above, the gas-liquid separation tank may also include a dividing member that divides the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank into a first space and a second space. The first space is used to contain gas, and the second space is located closer to the vertical direction below the first space and is used to contain liquid. The gas-liquid separation tank has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening connects the first space to the outside, and the second opening connects the second space to the outside. The gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the gas supply and suction device through the first opening and to the liquid containing part of the organ model through the second opening.

[0016] According to this structure, the gas-liquid separation tank includes a dividing member that divides the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank into a first space for containing gas and a second space for containing liquid. The gas-liquid separation tank is connected to a gas supply and suction device through a first opening that connects the first space to the outside, and to a liquid-containing section of the organ model through a second opening that connects the second space to the outside. Therefore, when gas is supplied to the first space from the gas supply and suction device, cavitation in the liquid in the second space can be suppressed because the dividing member exists between the first and second spaces. Furthermore, when gas is drawn from the first space by the gas supply and suction device, liquid intrusion into the first space can be suppressed because the dividing member exists between the first and second spaces. As a result, the operability of the human body simulation device can be further improved.

[0017] (3) In the human body simulation device described above, the dividing member may also be a flat plate having a first main surface facing the first space and a second main surface facing the second space; a through hole is also formed on the dividing member to penetrate the first main surface and the second main surface.

[0018] According to this structure, since the dividing member is a flat plate having a first main surface facing the first space and a second main surface facing the second space, it is possible to effectively suppress air bubbles from mixing into the liquid in the second space and to prevent liquid from seeping into the first space. Furthermore, the second space is located closer to the lower vertical direction than the first space, and a through hole is formed on the dividing member that penetrates both the first and second main surfaces. Therefore, liquid supplied to the first space can be guided into the second space through the through hole in the dividing member.

[0019] (4) In the human body simulation device described above, a control device may also be provided, which controls the amount and duration of gas supplied by the gas supply and suction device and the amount and duration of gas attracted by the gas supply and suction device. The control device repeatedly performs the following actions: after supplying a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank for a first predetermined time through the gas supply and suction device, the control device attracts a second predetermined amount of gas from the gas-liquid separation tank for a second predetermined time through the gas supply and suction device. After the control device is started, when gas is supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank for the first time through the gas supply and suction device, the control device supplies the first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank for a third predetermined time, wherein the third predetermined time is longer than the first predetermined time.

[0020] According to this structure, since the control device repeatedly performs the following actions: after supplying a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank for a first predetermined time via the gas supply suction device, it then draws a second predetermined amount of gas from the gas-liquid separation tank for a second predetermined time via the gas supply suction device. Therefore, the organ model can be made to expand and contract regularly. Furthermore, after the control device is activated, in the initial case of supplying gas to the gas-liquid separation tank via the gas supply suction device, since the control device supplies a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank for a third predetermined time longer than the first predetermined time, damage to the organ model caused by rapid expansion can be suppressed.

[0021] (5) In the human body simulation device described above, the organ model may be a heart model that simulates the shape of the heart, and the gas supply and suction device and the gas-liquid separation tank may function as a pulsating part, which simulates the pulsation of the heart model by causing the heart model to expand and contract.

[0022] Based on this structure, a human body simulation device with a beating heart model can be provided.

[0023] (6) In the human body simulation device described above, the organ model may be a diaphragm model that simulates the shape of the diaphragm, and the gas supply and suction device and the gas-liquid separation tank may function as a breathing action unit. The breathing action unit simulates the activities of the diaphragm model accompanied by breathing by expanding and contracting the diaphragm model.

[0024] Based on this structure, a human body simulation device can be provided, which has a diaphragm model that moves in conjunction with breathing.

[0025] It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented in various ways, such as by means of a human body simulation device, a heart simulator with a heart model, a diaphragm simulator with a diaphragm model, a lung simulator with a lung model, and control methods for these devices. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of a human body simulation device.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the pulsating part.

[0029] Figure 4 This is an illustrative diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of a gas-liquid separator.

[0030] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the expansion and contraction of a heart model.

[0031] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the expansion and contraction of a heart model.

[0032] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the expansion and contraction of a heart model.

[0033] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the expansion and contraction of a heart model.

[0034] Figure 9 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank according to the second embodiment.

[0035] Figure 10 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank according to the third embodiment.

[0036] Figure 11 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the model according to the fourth embodiment.

[0037] Figure 12 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the human body simulation device according to the fifth embodiment.

[0038] Figure 13 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the model according to the fifth embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0039] <First Implementation>

[0040] Figure 1This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the human body simulation device 1. The human body simulation device 1 of this embodiment is a device for simulating surgical procedures for treatment or examination. In such procedures, medical devices such as catheters or guidewires are used for minimally invasive treatment or examination within the lumens of the human body, including the circulatory, digestive, and respiratory systems. The human body simulation device 1 includes a model 10, a water tank 21, a filter 23, a pump 24, a control device 30, a pulsating unit 40, a respiratory action unit 50, and a pulse unit 60.

[0041] Figure 2 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of model 10. (For example...) Figure 2 As shown, model 10 includes a heart model 110 simulating the shape of a human heart, an aorta model 160 simulating the shape of a human aorta, and a diaphragm model 170 simulating the shape of a human diaphragm. In the following text, the heart model 110 and the diaphragm model 170 will also be referred to as "organ models". Details of model 10 will be described later. It should be noted that... Figure 2 In the diagram, the portion through which liquid 22 (simulated blood) flows is shown with dotted shading, while the portion through which liquid flows in the expansion / contraction of the heart model 110 and the diaphragm model 170 is shown with diagonal shading.

[0042] Water tank 21 is a roughly rectangular parallelepiped-shaped water tank with an opening at the top. For example... Figure 1 As shown, with the tank 21 filled with liquid 22, the model 10 is submerged in the liquid 22 when placed on the bottom surface of the tank 21. This allows the model 10 to be kept moist, similar to a real human body. It should be noted that the liquid 22 can be water, saline solution, or an aqueous solution of any compound. The liquid 22 filling the tank 21 is absorbed into the aortic model 160, functioning as simulated blood. It should also be noted that a wave-damping plate covering the surface of the liquid 22 can be provided in the tank 21. Using the wave-damping plate suppresses ripples on the surface of the liquid 22, improving the visibility of the model 10. The tank 21 and the wave-damping plate can be made of any material, except for synthetic resins with high X-ray transmittance and transparency (such as acrylic resin).

[0043] The control device 30, for example, is a personal computer, equipped with a central processing unit (CPU), read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a storage unit, and an input / output interface (not shown). The control device 30 controls the pulsating unit 40, the breathing unit 50, the pulsating unit 60, and the pump 24 by unfolding and executing a computer program stored in the ROM in the RAM. Figure 1 (dashed arrow). As the input / output interface of the control device 30, any device can be used, such as a touch panel, keyboard, operation button, operation dial, foot switch, microphone, monitor, indicator, speaker, etc.

[0044] The pulsating section 40 simulates the pulsation of the heart model 110 by causing it to expand and contract. Specifically, the pulsating section 40 causes the heart model 110 to expand by supplying fluid into it. Additionally, the pulsating section 40 causes the heart model 110 to contract by drawing fluid from it. Details will be described later. The respiratory action section 50 simulates the activity of the diaphragm model 170 accompanying respiratory movements by causing it to expand and contract. Specifically, the respiratory action section 50 causes the diaphragm model 170 to expand by supplying fluid into it. Additionally, the respiratory action section 50 causes the diaphragm model 170 to contract by drawing fluid from it. Details will be described later.

[0045] Filter 23 is connected via a tubular body to an opening 21O provided in the water tank 21. Filter 23 filters the liquid 22 passing through it to remove impurities (e.g., contrast agents used in surgery). Pump 24 is connected downstream of filter 23 to circulate the filtered liquid 22 at a certain flow rate. For example, a non-volumetric centrifugal pump can be used as pump 24. Pulsation unit 60 has a built-in pulsation pump and pumps the pump into the lumen 160L of the aortic model 160. Figure 2 A pulsating fluid 22 is delivered to simulate blood flow from the aortic model 160. The pulsating pump can be, for example, a positive displacement reciprocating pump or a low-speed rotary pump.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the heart model 110 of model 10 has a shape that simulates the shape of a human heart. A liquid-containing section R110 is provided inside the heart model 110, which is a space capable of containing liquid. The liquid-containing section R110 communicates with the outside through an opening 110a provided at any position on the heart model 110. The liquid-containing section R110 is connected to the pulsating section 40 (specifically...) through a first connecting member 41 installed at the position where the opening 110a is provided on the heart model 110. Figure 3 The gas-liquid separator 420 described herein is connected. The first connecting member 41 is a tubular member having a first cavity 41L inside, used to allow the liquid contained in the pulsating part 40 (specifically the gas-liquid separator 420) to flow.

[0047] Additionally, a cardiovascular model 111 and a coronary artery model 112 are disposed on the outer surface of the heart model 110. The cardiovascular model 111 is a tubular blood vessel model mimicking a portion of the ascending aorta. The proximal end of the cardiovascular model 111 is connected to the aortic model 160 in a state of internal lumen communication. The distal end of the cardiovascular model 111 is connected to the coronary artery model 112 in a state of internal lumen communication. The coronary artery model 112 is a tubular blood vessel model mimicking the coronary arteries. Figure 2 As shown, the coronary artery model 112 has a tubular right coronary artery model 112R that imitates the right coronary artery and a tubular left coronary artery model 112L that imitates the left coronary artery. At the distal end of the right coronary artery model 112R and the left coronary artery model 112L, a front opening 112O is provided to connect the lumen of each coronary artery model 112R and 112L with the outside.

[0048] Model 10's aortic model 160 has an external shape that simulates the shape of the human aorta. Inside the aortic model 160, there is an inner lumen 160L for fluid flow. The inner lumen 160L communicates with the outside through an opening 160a located at any position on the aortic model 160. The inner lumen 160L of the aortic model 160 is connected to the pulsating portion 60 (…) via a third connecting member 61 installed on the aortic model 160 at the position where the opening 160a is located. Figure 2 The third connecting member 61 is a tubular member having a third lumen 61L inside, used to allow the liquid 22 delivered from the pulsating part 60 to flow. Specifically, the liquid 22 (simulated blood) delivered from the pulsating part 60 travels through the third lumen 61L in the lumen 160L of the aortic model 160 toward the heart model 110, passes through the lumen of the cardiovascular model 111 and the lumen of each coronary artery model 112R, 112L, and is discharged into the water tank 21 from the front opening 112O.

[0049] The diaphragm model 170 of model 10 has a shape that simulates the shape of a human diaphragm. Inside the diaphragm model 170, a liquid-containing section R170 is provided, which is a space for containing liquid. The liquid-containing section R170 communicates with the outside through an opening 170a located at any position on the diaphragm model 170. The diaphragm model 170 is connected to the breathing action section 50 through a second connecting member 51 installed at the position where the opening 170a is located. The second connecting member 51 is a tubular member having a second lumen 51L inside, used to allow the liquid contained in the breathing action section 50 to flow.

[0050] It should be noted that the heart model 110, cardiovascular model 111, coronary artery model 112, aortic model 160, diaphragm model 170, first connecting member 41, second connecting member 51, and third connecting member 61 can be formed from known materials, in addition to being formed from synthetic resins (e.g., silicon) that are soft materials with X-ray permeability. Furthermore, the first connecting member 41, second connecting member 51, and third connecting member 61 can also be formed from synthetic resins that are X-ray permeable and have higher rigidity than materials such as silicon. The heart model 110, cardiovascular model 111, coronary artery model 112, aortic model 160, diaphragm model 170, first connecting member 41, second connecting member 51, and third connecting member 61 can be formed from the same material or from different materials.

[0051] Figure 3 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the pulsating part 40. (See diagram for example.) Figure 3 As shown, the pulsating part 40 in this embodiment is composed of a gas supply and suction device 410 and a gas-liquid separation tank 420.

[0052] The gas supply and suction device 410 is a device for supplying gas to or suctioning gas from the gas-liquid separation tank 420. The gas supply and suction device 410 includes an electric actuator 411 and a cylinder 412. The electric actuator 411 is a device that electrically drives a piston disposed within the internal space of the cylinder 412. The cylinder 412 is made of metal, and a piston is disposed within its internal space. The gas supply and suction device 410 is used to drive the piston along the gas flow path via the electric actuator 411. Figure 3 The piston moves in the D1 direction, and the gas compressed by the piston inside the housing of cylinder 412 is delivered to the outside through the cylinder opening 410a of cylinder 412. Additionally, the gas is propelled by the electric actuator 411 along... Figure 3 The piston moves in the D2 direction, generating a negative pressure inside the housing of cylinder 412, and drawing external gas through the cylinder opening 410a of cylinder 412. It should be noted that the gas supply quantity and duration supplied by the gas supply and suction device 410, and the gas suction quantity and duration drawn by the gas supply and suction device are controlled by the control device 30. Figure 1 Controlled by )

[0053] Figure 4 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the cross-sectional structure of a gas-liquid separator 420. The gas-liquid separator 420 is a device having internal spaces R1 and R2, which contain gas and liquid in a separated state. Figure 4 As shown, the gas-liquid separation tank 420 of this embodiment includes a main body 421, an upper shell 422, a lower shell 423, a first connecting part 424, a second connecting part 426, a third connecting part 425, a fourth connecting part 427, and a dividing member 4211.

[0054] The main body 421 is a cylindrical container. The upper shell 422 is a cover located on the upper vertical direction of the main body 421 and has a disc shape. The upper shell 422 has three through holes 4221, 4222, and 4223 that connect the upper vertical surface to the lower surface. Figure 4 (dashed line). The lower housing 423 is a base plate located on the lower side of the main body 421 in the vertical direction, and has a disc shape. The lower housing 423 has a through hole 4231 that connects the upper surface in the vertical direction with the lower surface. Figure 4 :dotted line).

[0055] The first connecting part 424 is a straight-shaped connector and is installed in the upper housing 422 at the location where a through hole 4221 is provided. Hereinafter, the openings exposed to the outside in the openings at both ends of the first connecting part 424 will also be referred to as "first opening 420a". The first opening 420a is an opening that communicates the internal space (first space R1) of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 with the outside. The second connecting part 426 is an L-shaped connector and is installed in the lower housing 423 at the location where a through hole 4231 is provided. Hereinafter, the openings exposed to the outside in the openings at both ends of the second connecting part 426 will also be referred to as "second opening 420c". The second opening 420c is an opening that communicates the internal space (second space R2) of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 with the outside.

[0056] The third connecting part 425 is an L-shaped connector and is installed in the upper housing 422 at the location where the through hole 4222 is provided. Hereinafter, the openings exposed to the outside in the openings at both ends of the third connecting part 425 are also referred to as "third opening 420b". The third opening 420b is an opening that communicates with the interior space (first space R1) of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 to the outside. The fourth connecting part 427 is an L-shaped connector and is installed in the upper housing 422 at the location where the through hole 4223 is provided. Hereinafter, the openings exposed to the outside in the openings at both ends of the fourth connecting part 427 are also referred to as "fourth opening 420d". The fourth opening 420d is an opening that communicates with the interior space (first space R1) of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 to the outside.

[0057] The dividing member 4211 is a component used to divide the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 into a first space R1 and a second space R2. It is a circular flat plate along the inner wall of the main body 421. Here, the first space R1 refers to the space in the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 used to contain gas. The second space R2 refers to the space in the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 used to contain liquid. As shown in the figure, the second space R2 is located on the lower side of the first space R1 in the vertical direction (in other words, on the side where the lower shell 423, the second connecting part 426, and the second opening 420c are located). The reason for this positional relationship between the first space R1 and the second space R2 is due to the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 that separates gas and liquid by gravity.

[0058] In the pair of principal surfaces 4211a and 4211b that divide component 4211, the surface facing the first space R1 is called the first principal surface 4211a, and the surface facing the second space R2 is called the second principal surface 4211b. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the dividing member 4211 has a through hole 4212 penetrating the first main surface 4211a and the second main surface 4211b. In the example of this embodiment, the dividing member 4211 has three circular through holes 4212, which are respectively disposed at positions equidistant from the center of the dividing member 4211 (it should be noted that, due to...) Figure 4 This is a sectional view, so only two through holes 4212 are shown. It should be noted that the inner diameter, number, and shape of the through holes 4212 are just an example and can be changed arbitrarily.

[0059] It should be noted that at least a portion of the main body 421, upper shell 422, lower shell 423, first connecting portion 424, second connecting portion 426, third connecting portion 425, fourth connecting portion 427, and dividing member 4211 can be integrally formed, rather than being separate components. For example, the main body 421 and the dividing member 4211 can be integrally formed. For example, the upper shell 422, first connecting portion 424, third connecting portion 425, and fourth connecting portion 427 can be integrally formed. Furthermore, at least a portion of the first connecting portion 424, second connecting portion 426, and third connecting portion 425 can be omitted. For example, when the first connecting portion 424 is omitted, the opening exposed to the outside in the through hole 4221 of the upper shell 422 corresponds to "first opening 420a". Similarly, when the third connecting portion 425 is omitted, the opening exposed to the outside in the through hole 4222 of the upper shell 422 corresponds to "third opening 420b". With the second connecting part 426 omitted, the opening exposed to the outside in the through hole 4231 of the lower housing 423 is equivalent to the "second opening 420c".

[0060] return Figure 3 Continuing with the explanation, the gas supply and suction device 410 is connected to the first space R1 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via a connecting member 42. The connecting member 42 is a tubular member with an internal cavity, used to allow gas to flow between the gas supply and suction device 410 and the gas-liquid separation tank 420. One end of the connecting member 42 is installed in the gas supply and suction device 410 through a cylinder opening 410a. The other end of the connecting member 42 is connected through the first opening 420a (… Figure 4 The first connecting part 424 is installed in the gas-liquid separation tank 420. The cavity in the connecting member 42 functions as a flow path for gas to flow between the gas supply and suction device 410 and the gas-liquid separation tank 420.

[0061] The second space R2 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 is connected to the liquid receiving portion R110 of the heart model 110 via a first connecting member 41. As described above, the first connecting member 41 is a tubular member with a first lumen 41L inside, used to allow liquid to flow between the gas-liquid separation tank 420 and the heart model 110. One end of the first connecting member 41 is connected through a second opening 420c. Figure 4 The second connecting part 426 is installed in the gas-liquid separation tank 420. The other end of the first connecting member 41 is installed in the heart model 110 through the opening 110a. That is, as Figure 3 As indicated by the solid arrow, the first cavity 41L within the first connecting member 41 functions as a flow path for liquid to flow between the gas-liquid separation tank 420 and the heart model 110.

[0062] Figures 5-8 This is a diagram illustrating the expansion and contraction of the heart model 110. Figure 5 (A) shows the preparation of the gas-liquid separator 420. Figure 5 (B) shows Figure 5 The case of the heart model 110 in (A) is as follows. First, as a preparation, liquid (e.g., water or saline) is filled into the second space R2 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420. The liquid filling can be carried out by installing hoses with air plugs (not shown) on the third connection 425 and the fourth connection 427 respectively, and supplying liquid to the first space R1 through the third opening 420b of the third connection 425 while discharging internal gas from the first space R1 through the fourth opening 420d of the fourth connection 427. The liquid supplied from the third opening 420b passes through the first space R1 and fills the second space R2 through the through hole 4212 of the dividing member 4211. Here, the volume of the liquid being filled is preferably less than or equal to the volume of the second space R2. After the liquid filling is completed, the third opening 420b and the fourth opening 420d are sealed by closing the air plugs respectively to prevent gas and liquid leakage from the third opening 420b and the fourth opening 420d.

[0063] Figure 6 (A) shows the gas-liquid separator 420 when gas is supplied. Figure 6 (B) shows Figure 6 The case of heart model 110 at time (A). After filling the second space R2 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 with liquid, as Figure 6 As indicated by the white arrow in (A), gas is supplied from the gas supply suction device 410 to the gas-liquid separation tank 420. Thus, as... Figure 6 As shown by the black arrows in (A) and (B), an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied is supplied from the second space R2 of the gas-liquid separator 420 to the liquid container R110 of the heart model 110 via the first lumen 41L of the first connecting member 41. Figure 7 (A) shows the gas-liquid separator 420 when further gas is supplied. Figure 7 (B) shows Figure 7 The condition of the heart model 110 at time (A). When gas is further supplied from the gas supply suction device 410 to the gas-liquid separation tank 420, as Figure 7 As indicated by the white arrow in (B), the heart model 110, formed of soft material, expands accordingly with the increase in the volume of liquid within the liquid reservoir R110.

[0064] Figure 8 (A) shows the gas-liquid separator 420 when the gas is drawn in. Figure 8 (B) shows Figure 8 The condition of the heart model 110 at time (A). After the heart model 110 is expanded, as shown... Figure 8 As indicated by the white arrow in (A), gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via the gas supply suction device 410. Thus, as... Figure 8 As shown by the black arrows in (A) and (B), an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas attracted is drawn from the liquid reservoir R110 of the heart model 110 through the first lumen 41L of the first connecting member 41 to the second space R2 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420. Thus, as Figure 8 As indicated by the white arrow in (B), the heart model 110, formed of soft material, shrinks accordingly as the volume of liquid in the liquid container R110 decreases.

[0065] Control device 30 ( Figure 1 By repeating the following processes a1 and a2, the heart model 110 is regularly expanded / contracted to simulate the beating of the heart model 110.

[0066] (a1) The control device 30 causes the gas supply device 410 to supply a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 for a first predetermined time.

[0067] (a2) The control device 30 causes the gas supply suction device 410 to perform a second predetermined amount of gas suction from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 for a second predetermined time.

[0068] Here, the first and second specified quantities can be arbitrarily determined based on the target value of the size of the heart model 110 during expansion. The first and second specified quantities can be the same or different. Furthermore, the first specified time can be arbitrarily determined based on the target value of the time required for the heart model 110 to expand. The second specified time can be arbitrarily determined based on the target value of the time required for the heart model 110 to contract. The first and second specified times can be the same or different.

[0069] It should be noted that after the control device 30 is started, when gas is first supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via the gas supply suction device 410 (in other words, when process a1 is executed for the first time), it is preferable to supply a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via the gas supply suction device 410 for a third predetermined time. The third predetermined time is a longer time than the first predetermined time. In this way, the control device 30 can slowly expand the heart model 110 over time only when process a1 is executed for the first time.

[0070] about Figure 1 The respiratory movement part 50 also has the same Figures 3-8 The structure is the same as that of the pulsating part 40 described herein. That is, the breathing action part 50 includes a gas supply and suction device and a gas-liquid separation tank. When gas is supplied from the gas supply and suction device to the gas-liquid separation tank, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied is supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid container R170 of the diaphragm model 170, thereby causing the diaphragm model 170 to expand. In addition, when gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank through the gas supply and suction device, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas drawn is drawn from the liquid container R170 of the diaphragm model 170 to the gas-liquid separation tank, thereby causing the diaphragm model 170 to contract. It should be noted that for the breathing action part 50, the amount and duration of gas supplied by the gas supply and suction device, and the amount and duration of gas drawn by the gas supply and suction device are also controlled by the control device 30.

[0071] As described above, the human body simulation device 1 according to the first embodiment, such as Figure 6 (B) and Figure 7As described in (B), by supplying liquid from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 to the liquid container R110 of the heart model 110, the heart model 110 (organ model) expands, as... Figure 8 As explained in (B), the heart model 110 contracts by drawing liquid from the liquid container R110 into the gas-liquid separation tank 420. That is, to allow the heart model 110 to expand and contract, the liquid container R110 is filled with a liquid such as water or saline solution. Therefore, compared to filling it with a gas such as air, the white cast on the X-ray image can be suppressed, making the X-ray image of the heart model 110 closer to a real clinical image. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 (A) and Figure 7 As described in (A), when gas is supplied from the gas supply suction device 410 to the gas-liquid separation tank 420, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied is supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 to the liquid container R110 of the heart model 110, such as... Figure 8 As explained in (A), when gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via the gas supply and suction device 410, an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas drawn is drawn from the liquid container R110 of the heart model 110 into the gas-liquid separation tank 420. That is, the supply and suction of liquid through the gas-liquid separation tank 420 are based on the gas supply and suction performed via the gas supply and suction device 410. Therefore, the gas supply and suction device 410 allows for gas control to prevent leakage, improving the operability of the human body simulation device 1.

[0072] Furthermore, according to the human body simulation device 1 of the first embodiment, such as Figure 4 As explained, the gas-liquid separator 420 includes a dividing member 4211, which divides the internal space of the gas-liquid separator 420 into a first space R1 for containing gas and a second space R2 for containing liquid. Additionally, as... Figure 3As explained, the gas-liquid separation tank 420 is connected to the gas supply and suction device 410 via a first opening 420a that connects the first space R1 to the outside, and to the liquid containment portion R110 of the heart model 110 (organ model) via a second opening 420c that connects the second space R2 to the outside. Therefore, when gas is supplied from the gas supply and suction device 410 into the first space R1, the dividing member 4211, located between the first space R1 and the second space R2, can suppress cavitation in the liquid within the second space R2. Furthermore, when gas is drawn from the first space R1 by the gas supply and suction device 410, the dividing member 4211, located between the first space R1 and the second space R2, can prevent liquid from seeping into the first space R1. As a result, the operability of the human body simulation device 1 can be further improved.

[0073] Furthermore, according to the human body simulation device 1 of the first embodiment, such as Figure 4 As explained, since the dividing member 4211 of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 is a flat plate having a first main surface 4211a facing the first space R1 and a second main surface 4211b facing the second space R2, it is possible to effectively suppress the mixing of air bubbles into the liquid in the second space R2 and the intrusion of liquid into the first space R1. Furthermore, the second space R2 is located closer to the lower vertical direction than the first space R1, and a through hole 4212 is formed on the dividing member 4211, penetrating the first main surface 4211a and the second main surface 4211b. Therefore, as... Figure 5 As explained, the liquid supplied to the first space R1 can be guided to the second space R2 through the through hole 4212 of the dividing member 4211.

[0074] Furthermore, according to the human body simulation device 1 of the first embodiment, the control device 30 repeatedly performs the following operations: after supplying a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 for a first predetermined time via the gas supply suction device 410 (process a1), the control device 30 suctions a second predetermined amount of gas from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 for a second predetermined time via the gas supply suction device 410 (process a2), thereby enabling the heart model 110 (organ model) to expand and contract regularly. Additionally, after the control device 30 is activated, when gas is first supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 via the gas supply suction device 410, the control device 30 supplies a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank 420 for a third predetermined time longer than the first predetermined time, thereby suppressing damage to the heart model 110 caused by rapid expansion.

[0075] Thus, according to the structure of the first embodiment, a human body simulation device 1 can be provided, which has a beating heart model 110. Furthermore, a human body simulation device 1 can be provided, which has a diaphragm model 170 that moves in conjunction with respiratory movements.

[0076] <Second Implementation>

[0077] Figure 9 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank 420A according to the second embodiment. The human body simulation device 1 of the second embodiment includes... Figure 9 The gas-liquid separator 420A shown is used to replace Figure 4 The gas-liquid separator 420 is described. Gas-liquid separator 420A is in... Figure 4 The described structure does not have dividing components 4211, but has a single internal space R. For example... Figure 5 As explained in (A), when liquid is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 420A, in the internal space R, the liquid accumulates on the lower vertical side due to gravity, while the gas accumulates on the upper vertical side, thus the gas and liquid are contained in a separated state. Therefore, even through the gas-liquid separator 420A, it is possible to... Figures 5-8 The same actions described are used to expand and contract the heart model 110.

[0078] Thus, the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank 420A can be modified in various ways, and it can also be a structure with a single internal space R. The human body simulation device 1, having a gas-liquid separation tank 420A as described in the second embodiment, can achieve the same effect as the first embodiment described above.

[0079] <Third Implementation Method>

[0080] Figure 10 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank 420B according to the third embodiment. The human body simulation device 1 of the third embodiment includes... Figure 10 The gas-liquid separator 420B shown is used to replace Figure 4 The gas-liquid separator 420 is described. Gas-liquid separator 420B is in... Figure 4 In the described structure, dividing member 4211B replaces dividing member 4211. For example... Figure 10 As shown, five through holes 4212B are formed on the dividing member 4211B, penetrating the first main surface 4211a and the second main surface 4211b. These five through holes 4212B are straight and arranged at equal intervals.

[0081] Thus, the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank 420B can be modified in various ways, and it can also be equipped with dividing members 4211B having a different number and shape of through holes 4212B than in the first embodiment. The width, number, and shape of the through holes 4212B are just examples and can be arbitrarily changed. In addition, the through holes 4212B can also be arranged at non-equal intervals. By using a human body simulation device 1 with a gas-liquid separation tank 420B as described in the third embodiment, the same effect as described in the first embodiment can be achieved.

[0082] <Fourth Implementation>

[0083] Figure 11 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of model 10C according to the fourth embodiment. The human body simulation device 1 of the fourth embodiment includes... Figure 11 The model 10C shown is used to replace Figure 2 Model 10 is described. Model 10C has a heart model 110C instead of heart model 110. Heart model 110C is... Figure 2 The described structure also includes a balloon 119 housed within the internal space of the heart model 110C. The balloon 119 is formed of a radiation-transmitting material such as an elastomer like rubber or a soft material like a synthetic resin (e.g., silicone). The balloon 119 is connected to the pulsating portion 40 via a first connecting member 41. Figure 3 The first opening 420a) of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 is connected. Thus, the interior of the balloon 119 functions as a liquid-containing space, i.e., a liquid-containing section R119.

[0084] In this way, the structure of model 10C can be modified in various ways. A balloon 119 can be accommodated within the internal space of the heart model 110C, and the internal space of the balloon 119 can also function as a fluid reservoir R119. It should be noted that... Figure 11 In the example, a balloon 119 is built into the heart model 110C. However, it is also possible to replace the heart model 110C with a balloon built into both the heart model 110C and the diaphragm model 170. The human body simulation device 1 having a model 10C as described in the fourth embodiment can achieve the same effect as the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the human body simulation device 1 of the fourth embodiment, leakage from the heart model 110C (organ model) can be further suppressed.

[0085] <Fifth Implementation>

[0086] Figure 12 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of the human body simulation device 1D according to the fifth embodiment. The human body simulation device 1D of the fifth embodiment... Figure 1The described structure has a model 10D instead of a model 10, and does not have a filter 23, a pump 24, a breathing action part 50, or a pulsating part 60.

[0087] Figure 13 This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of model 10D according to the fifth embodiment. Model 10D of the fifth embodiment is... Figure 2 The described structure uses a heart model 110D instead of a heart model 110, and does not include an aortic model 160 or a diaphragm model 170. Additionally, as... Figure 13 As shown, the heart model 110D does not have Figure 2 The cardiovascular model 111 and coronary artery model 112 described herein. That is, in the human body simulation device 1D of the fifth embodiment, only the pulsation of the heart model 110D caused by the expansion and contraction of the heart model 110D is simulated.

[0088] Thus, the structure of the human body simulation device 1D can be modified in various ways. The simulation of blood flow from the aortic model 160 can be omitted by omitting the aortic model 160, filter 23, pump 24, and pulsation unit 60. Similarly, the simulation of the diaphragm model 170's movement accompanying respiratory movements can be omitted by omitting the diaphragm model 170 and respiratory action unit 50. Figure 13 In the example, although both the aortic model 160 and the diaphragm model 170 are omitted, it is also possible to omit only one of them. The human body simulation device 1D, as described in the fifth embodiment, can achieve the same effect as the first embodiment. Furthermore, the structure of the human body simulation device 1D in the fifth embodiment can be simplified.

[0089] <Modifications of this embodiment>

[0090] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various ways without departing from its spirit, for example, the following modifications can also be made.

[0091] [Variation Example 1]

[0092] In the first to fifth embodiments described above, an example of the structure of the human body simulation device 1, 1D was shown. However, the structure of the human body simulation device 1 can be modified in various ways. For example, in the human body simulation device 1, the model 10 may also be in a state where it is not immersed in the liquid 22 within the water tank 21. In this case, the water tank 21 can be omitted. For example, the human body simulation device 1 may also include other medical devices not shown (e.g., flat panel display (FPD) device, computed tomography (CT) device, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, etc.). For example, the human body simulation device 1 may also include other medical devices not shown (e.g., catheters, monorail guidewires, penetrating guidewires, etc.).

[0093] [Variation Example 2]

[0094] In the first to fifth embodiments described above, an example of the structure of models 10, 10C, and 10D is shown. However, the structure of model 10 can be modified in various ways. For example, model 10 may also include other organ models (not described), such as a lung model simulating the shape of a human lung, a brain model simulating the shape of a human brain, or a lower limb model simulating the shape of a human lower limb. When model 10 is provided with a lung model structure, by using the same structure as the diaphragm model 170 described above for the lung model, the activity of the lung model accompanying breathing can be simulated. For example, the interior of heart models 110, 110C, and 110D can be divided into multiple spaces simulating atria or ventricles. In this case, it is preferable that each space is interconnected so that liquid supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank 420 fills each space.

[0095] [Variation Example 3]

[0096] In the first to fifth embodiments described above, an example of the structure of the pulsating part 40 is shown. However, the structure of the pulsating part 40 can be modified in various ways. For example, the gas supply suction device 410 can be manual instead of electric. For example, at least one of the first opening 420a, the third opening 420b, and the second opening 420c of the gas-liquid separation tank 420 can be provided in the main body 421. For example, the gas supply suction device 410 and the gas-liquid separation tank 420 can also be configured as a single device.

[0097] [Variation Example 4]

[0098] The structures of the human body simulation devices 1 and 1D described in the first to fifth embodiments and the structures of the modified examples 1 to 3 described above can also be appropriately combined. For example, the gas-liquid separation tanks 420A and 420B described in the second and third embodiments can be combined with the model 10C described in the fourth embodiment to construct the human body simulation device 1.

[0099] The present application has been described above based on embodiments and variations. However, the embodiments described above are for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The present application can be modified and improved without departing from its spirit and scope of the claims, and its equivalents can be included in the present application. In addition, if a technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it can be appropriately deleted.

[0100] Symbol Explanation

[0101] 1. 1D... Human body simulation device

[0102] 10, 10C, 10D… models

[0103] 21…Sink

[0104] 22…liquid

[0105] 23…Filters

[0106] 24…pump

[0107] 30…Control device

[0108] 40…pulsational part

[0109] 41…First Connecting Component

[0110] 42…Connecting Components

[0111] 50…Respiratory Movements

[0112] 51…Second Connecting Component

[0113] 60…pulsating section

[0114] 61…Third Connecting Component

[0115] 110, 110C, 110D... Heart Models

[0116] 111… Cardiovascular Model

[0117] 112… Coronary Artery Model

[0118] 112L…Left coronary artery model

[0119] 112R…Right coronary artery model

[0120] 119…balloon

[0121] 160…Aortic Model

[0122] 170…diaphragm model

[0123] 410…Gas supply and suction device

[0124] 411… Electric actuator

[0125] 412… cylinder

[0126] 420, 420A~420D… Gas-liquid separation tanks

[0127] 420a…First opening

[0128] 420b… Third opening

[0129] 420c…Second opening

[0130] 420d… Fourth opening

[0131] 421, 421C, 421D… Main body

[0132] 422, 422C, 422D… Upper shell

[0133] 423…Lower shell

[0134] 424…First connecting part

[0135] 425…Third connecting section

[0136] 426…Second connecting part

[0137] 427…Fourth connecting section

[0138] 4211, 4211B, 4211C, 4211D… Divide the components

[0139] 4212, 4212B… Through hole

[0140] 4213, 4221, 4222, 4223, 4231… Through holes

[0141] R…internal space

[0142] R1…First Space

[0143] R110…Liquid Reservoir

[0144] R2…Second Space

Claims

1. A human body simulation device, comprising: An organ model, which simulates the shape of an organ and has a liquid-containing section inside, which is a space capable of holding liquid; A gas-liquid separator having an internal space for accommodating gas and liquid in a separated state; and A gas supply and suction device supplies gas to the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank, or suctions gas contained in the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank. The internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid-containing portion of the organ model are connected by a connecting member, which allows the liquid contained in the gas-liquid separation tank to circulate. When gas is supplied from the gas supply suction device to the gas-liquid separation tank, the organ model expands by supplying an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas supplied from the gas-liquid separation tank to the liquid container. When gas is drawn from the gas-liquid separation tank by the gas supply suction device, the organ model contracts by drawing an amount of liquid corresponding to the amount of gas drawn from the liquid container into the gas-liquid separation tank. The human body simulation device also includes a control device that controls the amount and duration of gas supplied through the gas supply and suction device, and the amount and duration of gas attracted through the gas supply and suction device. in, The control device repeatedly performs the following actions: after supplying a first predetermined amount of gas to the gas-liquid separation tank for a first predetermined time via the gas supply suction device, it then draws a second predetermined amount of gas from the gas-liquid separation tank for a second predetermined time via the gas supply suction device. After the control device is started, when gas is supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank for the first time through the gas supply suction device, the control device causes the gas to be supplied to the gas-liquid separation tank for a third predetermined time, the third predetermined time being longer than the first predetermined time.

2. The human body simulation device according to claim 1, wherein, The gas-liquid separation tank includes a dividing member that divides the internal space of the gas-liquid separation tank into a first space and a second space. The first space is used to contain gas, and the second space is located closer to the lower vertical side than the first space and is used to contain liquid. The gas-liquid separation tank has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening connects the first space to the outside, and the second opening connects the second space to the outside. The gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the gas supply and suction device through the first opening and to the liquid container of the organ model through the second opening.

3. The human body simulation device according to claim 2, wherein, The dividing component is a flat plate having a first main surface facing the first space and a second main surface facing the second space. A through hole is also formed on the dividing member, which connects the first main surface and the second main surface.

4. The human body simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The organ model is a heart model that simulates the shape of the heart. The gas supply and suction device and the gas-liquid separation tank function as pulsating parts, which simulate the heart model's pulsation by causing the heart model to expand and contract.

5. The human body simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The organ model is a diaphragm model that simulates the shape of the diaphragm. The gas supply and suction device and the gas-liquid separation tank function as a breathing action unit, which simulates the activity of the diaphragm model accompanying the breathing action by expanding and contracting the diaphragm model.

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