A method for straightening a thick plate spliced side wall

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of railway freight car manufacturing, and particularly relates to a thick plate splicing type side wall adjusting and straightening method. The thick plate splicing type side wall adjusting and straightening method comprises the following steps: a plurality of first heating positions are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner side face; wherein the first heating positions are arranged along the width direction of the inner side face; a plurality of second heating positions corresponding to the first heating positions are arranged along the length direction of the bottom face; wherein the second heating positions are connected with the corresponding first heating positions; each first heating position and second heating position is heated to correct the welding deformation of the upper side beam and the side wall web. The thick plate splicing type side wall adjusting and straightening method disclosed in the present application embodiment reduces the heating length, reduces the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam, is more targeted, and improves the correction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway freight car manufacturing technology, and in particular to a method for adjusting and straightening thick plate splicing side walls. Background Technology

[0002] Thick-plate spliced ​​sidewalls are the main load-bearing components of railway freight cars without a central beam structure, characterized by high structural strength, large load-bearing capacity, and demanding manufacturing requirements. Their complex structure, formed by splicing multiple thick-plate components, involves a large amount of welding and significant welding deformation. Although corresponding deformation control measures were taken during the forming process, it was still impossible to fully meet the process requirements. Therefore, after forming, the thick-plate spliced ​​sidewalls need to be adjusted and straightened.

[0003] In related technologies, the two edges on the inner side of the upper beam are heated along their length to achieve adjustment. However, this method involves heating the upper beam for too long, causing severe longitudinal shrinkage and affecting the deflection of the entire side wall. Furthermore, it is not very targeted, resulting in poor adjustment effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate splicing sidewall, which to some extent solves the technical problem in related technologies where excessive heating length causes severe longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam, affecting the deflection of the entire sidewall and resulting in poor adjustment and straightening effect.

[0005] This application provides a method for adjusting a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall. The thick plate spliced ​​sidewall includes an upper side beam and a sidewall web. The upper side beam has an outer side and an inner side opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other along its width direction. One side of the sidewall web is lap-welded to the outer side near the bottom surface. The method includes:

[0006] Multiple first heating portions are spaced apart on the inner side along the length direction of the upper beam; wherein the first heating portions are arranged along the width direction of the inner side.

[0007] Along the length of the upper beam, a plurality of second heating parts are provided on the bottom surface, each corresponding to one of the first heating parts; wherein, the second heating parts are connected to the corresponding first heating parts;

[0008] Heating is applied to each of the first and second heating parts to correct the welding deformation of the upper side beam and the side wall web.

[0009] In some embodiments, the step of heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion includes:

[0010] The second heating part is heated using a triangular heating method to form a triangular heating area; wherein the vertex of the triangular heating area faces the side wall web.

[0011] In some embodiments, the length of the base of the triangular heating region is 50mm to 70mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step of heating each of the second heating portions and the first heating portion further includes:

[0013] The first heating part is heated using a linear heating method to form a heating line; wherein the heating line is connected to the bottom edge of the corresponding triangular heating area.

[0014] In some embodiments, the width of the heating wire is 35mm to 45mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent heating wires is 600mm to 700mm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the step of heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion further includes:

[0017] Each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts is heated in units of heating segments; wherein, the second heating part and the corresponding first heating part form the heating segment.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion further includes:

[0019] Determine the middle position of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall, and heat each heating section sequentially from the middle position to both sides.

[0020] In some embodiments, the heating temperature for heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion is 600° to 700°.

[0021] In some embodiments, the step of heating each of the second heating portions and the first heating portion further includes:

[0022] A temperature gun is used to control the heating temperature.

[0023] In some embodiments, the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall further includes multiple side columns, which are spaced apart on the web of the sidewall and connected to the bottom surface; the method of arranging multiple first heating portions spaced apart along the length direction of the inner side surface includes:

[0024] The first heating element is provided between two adjacent side pillars on the inner side surface.

[0025] In some embodiments, the steps prior to heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion include:

[0026] The thick plate spliced ​​sidewall is adjusted and corrected using a clamping device.

[0027] In some embodiments, the step of using tooling to assist in the adjustment and straightening of the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall includes:

[0028] Place pads under the pillow beams at both ends of the side wall web;

[0029] Pressure is applied to the inner surface using a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and correction of the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0031] This application provides a method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall. Because multiple first heating points are spaced apart along the length of the inner side surface and along the width of the inner side surface, the method ensures corrective stress while reducing the heating length and mitigating the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam. Furthermore, multiple second heating points, corresponding one-to-one with the first heating points, are arranged along the length of the bottom surface and connected to their corresponding first heating points. This allows the first and second heating points to work together for adjustment, enhancing the corrective effect. The second heating points are only located on the bottom surface, near the weld between the upper side beam and the sidewall web, providing a more targeted approach and further improving the corrective effect. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the assembly of the upper and middle side beams with the side wall webs.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The main view.

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial assembly diagram of the upper side beam and the side wall web from another perspective.

[0038] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the thick plate splicing sidewall adjustment method provided in this application embodiment.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 100-Thick plate spliced ​​side wall, 110-Upper side beam, 111-Edge, 112-Top surface, 113-Bottom surface, 114-Outer side surface, 115-Inner side surface, 120-Side wall web, 130-Side column, 140-Lower side beam, 150-Lower side beam reinforcement beam, 200-First heating part, 210-Heating line, 300-Second heating part, 310-Triangular heating area. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0045] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The thick-plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 is a major load-bearing component of railway freight cars without a central beam structure, characterized by high structural strength, large load-bearing capacity, and demanding manufacturing requirements. Its complex structure, formed by splicing multiple thick-plate components, involves a large amount of welding and significant welding deformation. Although corresponding deformation control measures were taken during the forming process, it was still impossible to fully meet the process requirements. Therefore, after forming, the thick-plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 needs to be adjusted and straightened.

[0046] The thick-plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 includes an upper side beam 110, a sidewall web 120, side columns 130, a lower side beam 140, and a lower side beam reinforcing beam 150. The upper side beam 110 has an outer side surface 114 and an inner side surface 115 arranged opposite each other along its thickness direction, and a top surface 112 and a bottom surface 113 arranged opposite each other along its width direction. One side of the sidewall web 120 is lap-welded to the side of the outer side surface 114 near the bottom surface 113, with an overlap of about 80mm, and the weld is a longitudinal full weld. Multiple side columns 130 are spaced apart on the sidewall web 120 and connected to the bottom surface 113. The lower side beam 140 and the lower side beam reinforcing beam 150 are located on the side of the sidewall web 120 away from the upper side beam 110.

[0047] Because the welding points are concentrated on the outer side 114 near the bottom 113, welding shrinkage deformation will occur from the outer side 114 to the inner side 115 after welding, causing the longitudinal center of the entire side wall to be concave after forming. The lower side beam 140 and the lower reinforcing beam form a box-shaped structure, and the welds are basically symmetrical. After the welding deformation is offset, there is basically no welding deformation. Therefore, the adjustment of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 is concentrated at the welding points of the upper side beam 110 and the side wall web 120.

[0048] The thick-plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 has a long longitudinal length of approximately 15,000 mm, and the sidewall plates have inconsistent thicknesses, resulting in a complex structure that is difficult to straighten mechanically. Therefore, manual flame straightening is the only suitable method. In related technologies, the two corners 111 of the inner side surface 115 are heated along their length to overcome the welding shrinkage deformation from the outer side surface 114 to the inner side surface 115. However, this method involves excessive heating length, causing severe longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam 110 and affecting the overall deflection of the sidewall. Furthermore, since the sidewall web 120 is only welded to the side of the outer side surface 114 closest to the bottom surface 113 (i.e., there is no weld on the side of the outer side surface 114 away from the bottom surface 113), there is no deformation stress. Heating both corners 111 of the inner side surface 115, i.e., straightening both sides of the upper side beam 110, would result in insufficient targeting. However, heating only one corner 111 of the inner side surface 115 is insufficient to overcome welding deformation.

[0049] To improve the above problems to some extent, this application discloses a method for adjusting and correcting a thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100, which reduces the heating length, alleviates the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam 110, and is highly targeted, thereby improving the correction effect.

[0050] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0051] Combination Figures 3-6 This application provides a method for adjusting and correcting a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall, including:

[0052] Step S100: Multiple first heating parts 200 are arranged at intervals on the inner side surface 115 along the length direction of the upper side beam 110; wherein, the first heating parts 200 are arranged along the width direction of the inner side surface 115.

[0053] Multiple first heating points 200 can be marked sequentially on the inner side 115 along the length of the upper beam 110 to facilitate subsequent workers in heating the first heating points 200 according to the markings. Alternatively, markings can be omitted on the inner side 115, and the approximate location of the first heating points 200 can be determined visually, allowing subsequent workers to heat the appropriate locations directly. The intervals between adjacent first heating points 200 can be equal or unequal; there are no restrictions on this.

[0054] Since multiple first heating parts 200 are provided, and each first heating part 200 is arranged along the width direction of the inner side surface 115, it is obvious that the width value of the inner side surface 115 is much smaller than the length value of the inner side surface 115. That is, setting multiple first heating parts 200 ensures the correction stress while reducing the heating length, thereby reducing the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper beam 110.

[0055] In some embodiments, a first heating portion 200 may be provided between two adjacent side pillars 130 on the inner side surface 115.

[0056] Since there are also welds between the side column 130 and the upper side beam 110, and the already welded parts are not suitable for reheating, the first heating part 200 is set between two adjacent side columns 130. Of course, the second heating part 300 is also between two adjacent side columns 130, and is not affected by the welds of the side column 130. After correction, a larger correction stress can be obtained.

[0057] Step S200: Along the length of the upper side beam 110, a plurality of second heating parts 300 corresponding one-to-one with the first heating parts 200 are provided on the bottom surface 113; wherein, the second heating parts 300 are connected to the corresponding first heating parts 200.

[0058] The inner surface 115 and bottom surface 113 of the upper beam 110 are arranged adjacent to each other. Since the first heating part 200 has already been set, the second heating part 300 can be set directly at the corresponding position on the bottom surface 113. Similarly, the second heating part 300 may or may not be marked. It should be noted that there is no specific order in setting the first heating position and the second heating position; it is also possible to set the second heating position on the bottom surface 113 first and then set the corresponding first heating position on the inner surface 115.

[0059] Since the second heating part 300 is connected to the corresponding first heating part 200, the first heating part 200 and the second heating part 300 are adjusted together to enhance the correction effect. The weld between the side wall web 120 and the outer side 114 is the cause of the deformation of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100. Since the side wall web 120 is only welded to the side of the outer side 114 near the bottom surface 113, and the second heating part 300 is only set on the bottom surface 113, that is, near the weld between the upper side beam 110 and the side wall web 120, the weld is more targeted and the correction quality is improved.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sum of the lengths of the first heating part 200 and the second heating part 300 is less than the lengths of the two edges 111 of the inner side 115 in the related art, thereby reducing the total heat and lowering the production cost.

[0061] It should be explained that the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 is laid flat on the ground during adjustment. That is, in the steps of this embodiment, the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 is always in a flat state. However, after being assembled onto the flatbed, it is in an upright state, meaning that the upper part of the sidewall web 120 overlaps the lower part of the outer side of the upper side beam 110. When the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 is laid flat, the welded parts are concave downwards; when the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 is upright, the welded parts are concave inwards. In this embodiment... Figure 1and Figure 2 The illustration shows a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 in an upright state, as shown in this embodiment. Figures 3-5 The display shows the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 in a flat position. The directional terms in the names "outer side", "inner side", "top surface" and "bottom surface" refer to the position of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 when it is in an upright position, but they are not the only positions.

[0062] Step S300: Use a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and straightening of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100.

[0063] Before heating the upper side beam 110, the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 can be adjusted and straightened using a clamping device to increase shrinkage stress and thus improve adjustment efficiency. It should be noted that there is no sequential order between steps S300, S100, and S200.

[0064] In some embodiments, the step of using a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and straightening of the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100 includes:

[0065] Place pads under the pillow beams at both ends of the side wall web 120.

[0066] The pad blocks can support the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 so that there is a certain distance between the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 and the ground, in preparation for applying pressure to the inner side 115 later.

[0067] Pressure is applied to the inner side 115 by a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and straightening of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100.

[0068] The clamping device can be a hydraulic jack and can be used in conjunction with a simple gantry. When the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 is laid flat, the welded parts will deform and sink downwards. The clamping device applies pressure to the inner side 115 to make the welded parts as flat as possible and increase the shrinkage stress.

[0069] S400: Heating each of the first heating parts 200 and the second heating parts 300 to correct the welding deformation of the upper side beam 110 and the side wall web 120.

[0070] That is, each of the first heating parts 200 and the second heating parts 300 is heated by flame, so that the upper beam 110 generates downward shrinkage stress when it cools down, thereby overcoming welding deformation. Each of the first heating parts 200 can be heated first and then each of the second heating parts 300 can be heated, or the corresponding second part can be heated immediately after the first heating part 200 is heated, there is no restriction on this.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second heating portion 300 may be heated using a triangular heating method to form a triangular heating region 310; wherein the apex of the triangular heating region 310 faces the sidewall web 120.

[0072] A second heating section 300 is provided on the bottom surface 113 to specifically adjust the welded joint between the side wall web 120 and the upper side beam 110. However, since the side wall web 120 overlaps the outer side surface 114, the heating area on the bottom surface 113 needs to be smaller the closer it is to the side wall web 120, in order to avoid the formation of reverse shrinkage stress. Since the apex of the triangular heating area 310 faces the side wall web 120, that is, in the direction from the inner side surface 115 to the outer side surface 114 on the bottom surface 113, the heating width becomes narrower and narrower. When it reaches the side wall web 120, the heating area is only one point, so the shrinkage is smaller and smaller, which can avoid the formation of reverse shrinkage stress.

[0073] If the base of the triangular heating area 310 is too long, the heating part will have a sharp bend. Specifically, the base length of the triangular heating area 310 can be 50mm to 70mm.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first heating portion 200 may be heated by a linear heating method to form a heating line 210; wherein the heating line 210 is connected to the bottom edge of the corresponding triangular heating region 310.

[0075] The width of the heating wire 210 should not be too long; otherwise, the heated area will be prone to local bulging deformation due to the shrinkage stress on both sides. The spacing between the heating wires 210 can be determined based on the length of the upper beam 110. Specifically, the width of the heating wire 210 can be 35mm to 45mm, and the distance between two adjacent heating wires 210 can be 600mm to 700mm.

[0076] In some embodiments, each first heating part 200 and second heating part 300 is heated in units of heating sections; wherein, the second heating part 300 and the corresponding first heating part 200 form a heating section.

[0077] That is, after heating the first heating part 200 and the second heating part 300 in a heating section, the heating of the next heating section is carried out. It can be that the first heating part 200 in a heating section is heated first, and then the second heating part 300 is heated; or the second heating part 300 in a heating section is heated first, and then the first heating part 200 is heated. The heating of the first heating part 200 and the corresponding second heating part 300 is carried out continuously, which can improve the heating efficiency.

[0078] In some implementations, the heating direction of multiple heating sections can be set, that is, the middle position of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall 100 is determined, and each heating section is heated sequentially from the middle position to both sides.

[0079] That is, the heating is symmetrical from the middle to both sides, and the heating work on both sides is carried out simultaneously. Two workers can heat both sides at the same time to prevent the upper beam 110 from twisting and deforming.

[0080] In some embodiments, the heating temperature for each of the first heating parts 200 and the second heating parts 300 is 600°C to 700°C, meaning that heating is complete when the heated parts turn dark red. Specifically, a temperature gun can be used to control the heating temperature during this process.

[0081] This application provides a method for adjusting a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall 100. Multiple first heating portions 200 are spaced apart along the length of the inner side surface 115, and these first heating portions 200 are also spaced along the width of the inner side surface 115. This ensures corrective stress while reducing the heating length and mitigating the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper side beam 110. Multiple second heating portions 300, corresponding one-to-one with the first heating portions 200, are arranged along the length of the bottom surface 113, and these second heating portions 300 are connected to their corresponding first heating portions 200. This allows the first and second heating portions 200 to work together to enhance the corrective effect. Furthermore, the second heating portions 300 are only located on the bottom surface 113, near the weld between the upper side beam 110 and the sidewall web 120, making them highly targeted and thus improving the corrective effect.

[0082] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0083] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall, characterized in that, The thick-plate spliced ​​sidewall includes an upper side beam, a sidewall web, and multiple side columns. The upper side beam has an outer side and an inner side opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other along its width direction. One side of the sidewall web is welded to the outer side near the bottom surface. The multiple side columns are spaced apart on the sidewall web and connected to the bottom surface. The method includes: Multiple first heating elements are provided between two adjacent side columns on the inner side surface along the length direction of the upper side beam; wherein, the first heating elements are provided along the width direction of the inner side surface. Along the length of the upper beam, a plurality of second heating parts are provided on the bottom surface, each corresponding to one of the first heating parts; wherein, the second heating parts are connected to the corresponding first heating parts; Heating is applied to each of the first and second heating parts to correct the welding deformation of the upper side beam and the side wall web.

2. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of heating each of the first heating portion and the second heating portion includes: The second heating part is heated using a triangular heating method to form a triangular heating area; wherein the vertex of the triangular heating area faces the side wall web.

3. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base length of the triangular heating area is 50mm~70mm.

4. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of heating each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts further includes: The first heating part is heated using a linear heating method to form a heating line; wherein the heating line is connected to the bottom edge of the corresponding triangular heating area.

5. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 4, characterized in that, The width of the heating wire is 35mm~45mm.

6. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent heating wires is 600mm~700mm.

7. The method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of heating each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts further includes: Each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts is heated in units of heating segments; wherein, the second heating part and the corresponding first heating part form the heating segment.

8. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of heating each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts further includes: Determine the middle position of the thick plate spliced ​​side wall, and heat each heating section sequentially from the middle position to both sides.

9. The method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating temperature for each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts is 600°~700°.

10. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of heating each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts further includes: A temperature gun is used to control the heating temperature.

11. The method for adjusting and straightening a thick plate spliced ​​sidewall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps prior to heating each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts include: The thick plate spliced ​​sidewall is adjusted and corrected using a clamping device.

12. The method for adjusting and correcting thick plate spliced ​​sidewalls according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of using a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and straightening of the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall includes: Place pads under the pillow beams at both ends of the side wall web; Pressure is applied to the inner surface using a clamping device to assist in the adjustment and correction of the thick plate spliced ​​sidewall.

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