A device for cutting a projection concentric circle groove of a head and a cutting method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a device for cutting a projection concentric circle groove of a head, which comprises a cutting mechanism, wherein the cutting mechanism comprises two tracks and a positioner, the positioner is arranged between the two tracks, a head main body is arranged on the top of the positioner, a movable plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the two tracks, a sliding groove is formed in the top of the movable plate, a transverse adjusting piece is arranged in the sliding groove, and a second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transverse adjusting piece. The cutting method solves the problems that the upper and lower intersecting lines formed after the groove cutting of the head main body are not concentric in the vertical direction or normal direction, the projection of the upper and lower intersecting lines in the vertical direction or normal direction is not a circle, and the difference in the amount of automatic welding deposition metal of the head main body and the pipe accessory is large, and guarantees the welding strength and sealing of the head main body and the pipe accessory, so that the head main body is more suitable for automatic welding after cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of end cap cutting, and in particular to an end cap opening concentric circle bevel device and its cutting method. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure vessels are pressure-bearing equipment for storing or processing substances. Their assembly is mostly done by welding, thus placing high demands on the strength and sealing performance of the welds. The end cap is a major pressure-bearing component of a pressure vessel, and its quality directly affects the long-term safe and reliable operation of the pressure vessel. Welded together with the vessel shell, it serves functions such as support, external connection, and sealing. It is connected to pipes, flanges, elbows, and other accessories. According to the ASME pressure vessel design code, the cross-welding of accessories to the vessel is classified as a Class D weld, which has poor stress conditions and high stress concentration, making it prone to defects such as cracks. Therefore, a full-penetration weld joint is used, requiring the end cap to be beveled using a cutting device.

[0003] Currently, the nozzle holes on the end cap are manually marked, resulting in low drilling efficiency and poor bevel quality. Due to the inconsistent cross-sectional area of ​​the bevel, the amount of deposited metal varies greatly, and surface oxides are present, leading to defects such as slag inclusions and porosity inside. This can easily affect the automated welding of the end cap nozzle in the later stages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the current method of manually marking the holes on the end cap results in low hole-opening efficiency and poor hole-opening bevel quality. Due to the inconsistent cross-sectional area of ​​the bevel, the amount of deposited metal varies greatly, and there are surface oxides, resulting in defects such as slag inclusions and porosity inside, which can easily affect the automated welding of the end cap and the connecting pipe in the later stage.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for opening a concentric circular bevel of a head, comprising... A cutting mechanism includes two tracks and a positioner. The positioner is positioned between the two tracks, and a head body is provided on the top of the positioner. Movable plates are slidably connected to the inner walls of both tracks. A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate, and a lateral adjustment component is provided inside the groove. A second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lateral adjustment component. A rotating shaft is provided at the lower end of the second electric push rod. A yaw shaft is provided at the end of the rotating shaft away from the second electric push rod. A compensation shaft is provided at the end of the yaw shaft away from the rotating shaft. A cutting head is provided at the end of the compensation shaft away from the yaw shaft. A laser rangefinder is provided at the cutting head. The quick-release mechanism includes two lead screws, each rotatably inserted into two tracks. Both ends of the lead screws are equipped with transmission components. A motor is fixedly connected to the side of each track, and the motor's rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one end of a lead screw. A movable block is threaded onto the outer wall of each lead screw, and the upper end of the movable block is movably inserted into the bottom of a movable plate. An assembly groove is formed inside the movable plate, and a toothed plate abutment is provided inside the assembly groove. Limiting rods are movably inserted into both sides of the movable plate, with opposite ends of the two limiting rods extending into the assembly groove and abutting against the outer wall of the toothed plate abutment. A first spring is provided between the opposite ends of the two limiting rods. A first toothed plate is fixedly connected to the left end of the top of each of the two tracks. A gear is rotatably inserted into the side of the movable plate, with one end of the gear penetrating the movable plate and meshing with the toothed plate abutment, and the other end of the gear meshing with the first toothed plate.

[0008] Based on the above technical features: First, the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which facilitates the movement of the movable plate along the X-axis within the track. Then, the operation of the lateral adjustment component facilitates the movement of the second electric push rod and the cutting head along the Y-axis. Finally, the second electric push rod facilitates the movement of the cutting head along the Z-axis, thereby facilitating the movement of the cutting head above the axis of the end cap body. Subsequently, the cutting head is adjusted by the cooperation of the rotation axis, the yaw axis, and the compensation axis. At the same time, the position of the end cap body is adjusted by the positioner, which facilitates the cutting of the end cap body.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap of the present invention, the outer wall of the positioner is provided with two screws, the two screws are symmetrical about the positioner, the outer wall of the screws is threaded with an external clamping plate, the end of the screw away from the positioner is connected to the lead screw through a transmission component, the outer wall of the positioner is fixedly connected with four guide rods, the four guide rods are in pairs and symmetrical about the positioner, and the external clamping plate is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods.

[0010] Based on the above technical features: when the lead screw rotates through the transmission component, it drives the screw to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the guide rod facilitates the limiting of the external clamping plate, thereby causing the external clamping plate to move along the screw and clamp the head body. Subsequently, the positioner clamps the inner side of the head body.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap of the present invention, the outer clamping plate includes a T-shaped plate and a rubber plate. The T-shaped plate is threaded onto the outer wall of the screw. The two ends of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate are respectively movably sleeved onto the outer walls of the two guide rods. The rubber plate is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical plate of the T-shaped plate near the positioner.

[0012] Based on the above technical features: the rotation of the screw causes the T-shaped plate to move the rubber plate, thereby facilitating the clamping of the outer part of the end cap body and increasing the stability of the end cap body when it is clamped.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap according to the present invention, the movable plate is U-shaped, the two lower ends of the movable plate are respectively inserted into two tracks and slide in cooperation with the inner wall of the tracks, the side of the movable block is provided with a spiral groove adapted to the lead screw, and the movable block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the track.

[0014] Based on the above technical features: the movable plate is moved within two tracks by rotating the lead screw, which facilitates the control of the cutting head's movement in the X-axis. When the movable plate is inserted into the track, the movable block is inserted into the bottom of the movable plate. When the lead screw rotates, the movable block drives the movable plate to move together within the track.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap according to the present invention, the transverse adjustment component includes a first electric push rod and a movable ring. The first electric push rod is disposed inside the slide groove, and the movable ring is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the movable plate. The extended end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected to two connecting plates, and the connecting plates pass through the slide groove and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable ring.

[0016] Based on the above technical features: the first electric push rod facilitates the movement of the connecting plate and the movable ring, thereby facilitating the movement of the second electric push rod and the cutting head along the Y-axis direction via the movable ring.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap according to the present invention, the transmission component includes three transmission wheels and a transmission belt. The three transmission wheels are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of two lead screws and screw rods, and the three transmission wheels are connected by the transmission belt.

[0018] Based on the above technical features: the motor can drive the two lead screws and screws to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of three transmission wheels and transmission belts, thereby causing the external clamping plate to move synchronously when the movable block moves the movable plate.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap according to the present invention, the toothed plate abutment includes a vertical plate, a second spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate, the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove, a through hole is opened on the side of the vertical plate, a second toothed plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole, the lower edge of the vertical plate is rounded, the outer wall of the vertical plate slides against the end of the limiting rod near the assembly groove, and horizontal grooves are opened on both sides of the track, the limiting rod is inserted into the inner wall of the horizontal groove and slidesly connected to the inner wall of the horizontal groove.

[0020] Based on the above technical features: when the movable plate moves, the first toothed plate facilitates the rotation of the gear component and drives the second toothed plate and the vertical plate to move downwards. The second spring facilitates the downward movement of the vertical plate, thereby causing the limit rod to move and insert into the transverse groove through the contact between the vertical plate and the limit rod, thus facilitating the assembly of the movable plate inside the track.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap of the present invention, wherein: the end of the limiting rod near the vertical plate abuts against the outer wall of the vertical plate, and the edge of the limiting rod near the vertical plate is rounded; the outer walls of the two limiting rods are fixedly connected to connecting plates; and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two connecting plates.

[0022] Based on the above technical features: the first spring facilitates the simultaneous inward movement of the two vertical plates and the two limiting rods, thereby causing the limiting rods to be retracted into the interior of the movable plate and separated from the transverse groove, and causing the movable plate to lose its limiting position.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the concentric bevel device for projecting the end cap according to the present invention, the gear component includes two gear discs and a rotating rod. The two gear discs are respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod. The rotating rod is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the movable plate. One of the gear discs meshes with the first toothed plate, and the other gear disc meshes with the second toothed plate.

[0024] Based on the above technical features: when the movable plate moves, the first toothed plate facilitates the synchronous rotation of the gear disk and the rotating rod, while the other gear disk drives the second toothed plate and the vertical plate to move. When the vertical plate moves down, the limiting rod pops out and inserts into the horizontal groove, thus facilitating the assembly of the movable plate into the track.

[0025] Another technical solution proposed in this invention: a device for opening a concentric circle bevel in the projection of a head and its cutting method, comprising the following steps: S101: Power-on self-test, the machine is in the original position, which is far away from the positioner, so that there is enough space for the hoisting equipment of the end cap. At this time, the positioner is in a horizontal position. Then the end cap body is hoisted onto the positioner. The automatic centering device of the positioner ensures that the end cap body and the positioner are coaxial. S102: The equipment starts and, according to the multiple holes on the head body, cuts them one by one in a counterclockwise or clockwise direction according to the machine's cutting rules. S103: The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the movable plate to move along the X-axis. Then, the horizontal adjustment component facilitates the adjustment of the position of the second electric push rod and the cutting head along the Y-axis. Finally, the operation of the second electric push rod facilitates the adjustment of the position of the cutting head along the Z-axis, thereby ensuring that the cutting head is above the axis of the end cap body. The height of the end cap body is measured by the laser rangefinder on the cutting head, and the Z-axis returns to the highest point. S104: The positioner moves and rotates around the X-axis. The rotation angle is the angle α between the vertical axis and the bevel axis, so that the Z-axis coincides with the bevel axis. At this time, the positioner has rotated to the correct position. S105: The yaw shaft swings at an angle γ, moving from its original position of 90° to r=90°-β. The compensation shaft compensates accordingly based on the different hole positions. After the movement, the position is R. The second electric push rod pushes the cutting head to move along the Z-axis. When the cutting head is 3-5mm away from the end cap, the rotating shaft rotates 360°. The laser rangefinder measures the height of one circle of the intersection line. Then, the plasma power supply is turned on, and the cutting action begins. The program drives the rotating shaft, the second electric push rod, and the compensation shaft to work together. S106: Cutting complete, turn off the plasma power supply.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This cutting method solves the problems of the upper and lower intersection lines formed after the bevel cutting of the head body not being concentric in the vertical or normal direction, and the upper and lower intersection lines not being circular in the vertical or normal direction. It also solves the problem of large difference in the amount of molten metal deposited by automatic welding of the head body and the nozzle accessories. At the same time, it ensures the weld strength and sealing of the head body and the nozzle accessories. Therefore, the head body is more suitable for subsequent automatic welding after cutting. 2. The rotation of the lead screw causes the movable plate to move and the gear to mesh with the first toothed plate. This causes the gear to rotate and move the toothed plate contact piece upward, causing the toothed plate contact piece to separate from the limit rod. Subsequently, the first spring pulls the limit rod to move and retract it into the movable plate and separate it from the track, thereby causing the movable plate to lose its limit and making it easier for the operator to disassemble the movable plate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional unfolded structure in the first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the movable plate in the first embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioner in the first embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the track in the first embodiment.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the track in the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a partial three-dimensional unfolded structure in the first embodiment.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation principle of the cutting method in the second embodiment.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a partial view of the bevel of the head body in the second embodiment.

[0036] Figure 10 The bevel type of the head body in the second embodiment.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, Cutting mechanism; 101, Track; 101a, 102, Positioner; 102a, Screw; 102b, External clamping plate; 102b1, T-shaped plate; 102b2, Rubber plate; 102c, Guide rod; 103, Head body; 104, Movable plate; 105, Slide groove; 106, Lateral adjustment component; 106a, First electric push rod; 106b, Movable ring; 106c, Connecting plate; 107, Second electric push rod; 108, Rotation shaft; 109, Yaw shaft; 110, Compensation shaft; 111, Cutting torch head; 112, Laser rangefinder; 200. Quick-release mechanism; 201. Lead screw; 202. Transmission component; 202a. Transmission wheel; 202b. Transmission belt; 203. Motor; 204. Movable block; 205. Assembly slot; 206. Toothed plate contact component; 206a. Vertical plate; 206b. Second spring; 206c. Through hole; 206d. Second toothed plate; 207. Limiting rod; 207a. Connecting plate; 208. First spring; 209. First toothed plate; 210. Gear component; 210a. Gear disk; 210b. Rotating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figure 1-7 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a device for opening a concentric circle bevel of a head, including a cutting mechanism 100, which includes two tracks 101 and a positioner 102. The positioner 102 is disposed between the two tracks 101. The head body 103 is disposed on the top of the positioner 102. The positioner 102 facilitates the adjustment of the position of the head body 103. An automatic centering device is disposed inside the positioner 102. The positioner 102 is prior art, so the positioner 102 is not described in detail.

[0043] The inner walls of both tracks 101 are slidably connected to movable plates 104. A cutting control system electrical control cabinet is provided on the outer side of the movable plate 104. The cutting control system electrical control cabinet facilitates the input of cutting parameters of the device, so that the device can cut the head body 103. A sliding groove 105 is provided on the top of the movable plate 104. A transverse adjustment component 106 is provided inside the sliding groove 105. The transverse adjustment component 106 is easily assembled through the sliding groove 105.

[0044] A second electric push rod 107 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lateral adjustment component 106. A rotating shaft 108 is located at the lower end of the second electric push rod 107. A tilting shaft 109 is located at the end of the rotating shaft 108 away from the second electric push rod 107. A compensation shaft 110 is located at the end of the tilting shaft 109 away from the rotating shaft 108. A cutting torch head 111 is located at the end of the compensation shaft 110 away from the tilting shaft 109. (See attached instruction manual) Figure 1 For example, left and right movement is the X-axis, forward and backward movement is the Y-axis, and up and down movement is the Z-axis. The operation of the horizontal adjustment component 106 facilitates the control of the second electric push rod 107 and the cutting head 111 to move along the Y-axis. Finally, the second electric push rod 107 facilitates the control of the cutting head 111 to move along the Z-axis, thereby facilitating the movement of the cutting head 111 above the axis of the end cap body 103. Subsequently, the cutting head 111 is adjusted by the cooperation of the rotation shaft 108, the yaw shaft 109, and the compensation shaft 110.

[0045] The cutting head 111 is equipped with a laser rangefinder 112. The laser rangefinder 112 on the cutting head 111 can realize non-contact measurement and can automatically detect the center height information of the end cap body 103 and the height information of the intersection line of the cutting holes. The transverse adjustment component 106 includes a first electric push rod 106a and a movable ring 106b. The first electric push rod 106a is located inside the slide groove 105. The movable ring 106b is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the horizontal plate of the movable plate 104. The extended end of the first electric push rod 106a is fixedly connected to two connecting plates 106c. The connecting plates 106c pass through the slide groove 105 and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable ring 106b. The first electric push rod 106a facilitates the movement of the connecting plates 106c and the movable ring 106b, thereby facilitating the movement of the second electric push rod 107 and the cutting head 111 along the Y-axis direction through the movable ring 106b.

[0046] The quick-release mechanism 200 includes two lead screws 201, which are rotatably inserted into the interior of two tracks 101. Both ends of the two lead screws 201 are provided with transmission components 202. A motor 203 is fixedly connected to the side of the track 101. The rotation shaft of the motor 203 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 201. A movable block 204 is threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw 201. The upper end of the movable block 204 is movably inserted into the bottom of the movable plate 104. The motor 203 drives the lead screw 201 to rotate, which facilitates the control of the movable plate 104 to move along the X-axis direction within the track 101.

[0047] The movable plate 104 is U-shaped. The two lower ends of the movable plate 104 are inserted into the two tracks 101 respectively and slide in cooperation with the inner wall of the tracks 101. The side of the movable block 204 is provided with a spiral groove that matches the lead screw 201. The movable block 204 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the track 101. The rotation of the lead screw 201 causes the movable plate 104 to move in the two tracks 101, thereby facilitating the control of the cutting head 111 to move in the X-axis. When the movable plate 104 is inserted into the track 101, the movable block 204 is inserted into the bottom of the movable plate 104. When the lead screw 201 rotates, the movable block 204 drives the movable plate 104 to move together in the track 101.

[0048] The transmission component 202 includes three transmission wheels 202a and a transmission belt 202b. The three transmission wheels 202a are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two lead screws 201 and the screw 102a. The three transmission wheels 202a are connected by the transmission belt 202b. The cooperation between the three transmission wheels 202a and the transmission belt 202b causes the motor 203 to drive the two lead screws 201 and the screw 102a to rotate synchronously. This causes the outer clamping plate 102b to move synchronously when the movable block 204 drives the movable plate 104 to move, and clamps the head body 103.

[0049] The movable plate 104 has an assembly groove 205 inside, and a toothed plate abutment 206 is provided inside the assembly groove 205. Limiting rods 207 are movably inserted into both sides of the movable plate 104. The opposite ends of the two limiting rods 207 extend into the assembly groove 205 and abut against the outer wall of the toothed plate abutment 206. A first spring 208 is provided between the opposite ends of the two limiting rods 207. A first toothed plate 209 is fixedly connected to the left end of the top of the two tracks 101. The toothed plate abutment 206 includes a vertical plate 206a, with a second spring 206b fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate 206a. The upper end of the second spring 206b is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove 205. A through hole 206c is opened on the side of the vertical plate 206a, and a second toothed plate 206d is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 206c. The lower edge of the vertical plate 206a is rounded. The outer wall of the vertical plate 206a slides against the end of the limiting rod 207 near the assembly groove 205. Horizontal grooves 101 are opened on both sides of the track 101. a. The limiting rod 207 is inserted into the inner wall of the transverse groove 101a and slidably connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove 101a. When the movable plate 104 moves, the first toothed plate 209 facilitates the rotation of the gear component 210 and drives the second toothed plate 206d and the vertical plate 206a to move downward. The second spring 206b facilitates the pushing of the vertical plate 206a downward. Thus, the vertical plate 206a abuts against the limiting rod 207, causing the limiting rod 207 to move and insert into the transverse groove 101a, thereby facilitating the assembly of the movable plate 104 into the track 101.

[0050] The end of the limiting rod 207 near the vertical plate 206a abuts against the outer wall of the vertical plate 206a, and the edge of the limiting rod 207 near the vertical plate 206a is rounded. The outer walls of the two limiting rods 207 are fixedly connected to the connecting plates 207a. The two ends of the first spring 208 are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two connecting plates 207a respectively. The first spring 208 facilitates pulling the two vertical plates 206a and the two limiting rods 207 to move inward at the same time, thereby causing the limiting rod 207 to be retracted into the movable plate 104 and separated from the transverse groove 101a, and causing the movable plate 104 to lose its limit, thus facilitating the operator to disassemble the movable plate 104.

[0051] A gear component 210 is rotatably inserted into the side of the movable plate 104. One end of the gear component 210 passes through the movable plate 104 and meshes with the toothed plate contact component 206. The other end of the gear component 210 meshes with the first toothed plate 209. The gear component 210 includes two gear discs 210a and a rotating rod 210b. The two gear discs 210a are respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod 210b. The rotating rod 210b is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the movable plate 104. One gear disc 210a meshes with the first toothed plate 209, and the other gear disc 210a meshes with the second toothed plate 206d. When the movable plate 104... When moving, the first toothed plate 209 facilitates the synchronous rotation of the gear disk 210a and the rotating rod 210b. At the same time, the other gear disk 210a drives the second toothed plate 206d and the vertical plate 206a to move. When the vertical plate 206a moves down, the limiting rod 207 pops out and inserts into the transverse groove 101a, which facilitates the assembly of the movable plate 104 into the track 101. When the vertical plate 206a moves up, the limiting rod 207 is retracted into the inner wall of the movable plate 104 and separates from the transverse groove 101a, thereby causing the movable plate 104 to lose its limit, which makes it easier for the operator to disassemble the movable plate 104.

[0052] Furthermore, the outer wall of the positioner 102 is provided with two screws 102a, which are symmetrical about the positioner 102. An external clamping plate 102b is threaded onto the outer wall of each screw 102a. The end of each screw 102a away from the positioner 102 is connected to a lead screw 201 via a transmission component 202. Four guide rods 102c are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioner 102, forming a group of two and symmetrical about the positioner 102. The external clamping plate... 102b is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods 102c. When the lead screw 201 rotates through the transmission component 202, it drives the screw 102a to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the guide rods 102c facilitate the limiting of the outer clamping plate 102b, thereby causing the outer clamping plate 102b to move along the screw 102a and clamp the end cap body 103. Subsequently, the positioner 102 clamps the inner side of the end cap body 103, so the end cap body 103 is more stable when fixed. The external clamping plate 102b includes a T-shaped plate 102b1 and a rubber plate 102b2. The T-shaped plate 102b1 is threaded onto the outer wall of the screw 102a. The two ends of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate 102b1 are respectively movably sleeved onto the outer walls of the two guide rods 102c. The rubber plate 102b2 is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical plate 206a of the T-shaped plate 102b1 near the positioner 102. The rotation of the screw 102a causes the T-shaped plate 102b1 to move the rubber plate 102b2, thereby facilitating the clamping of the exterior of the end cap body 103 through the rubber plate 102b2, thereby increasing the stability of the end cap body 103 when clamped.

[0053] In summary, firstly, the motor 203 drives the lead screw 201 to rotate, which facilitates the movement of the movable plate 104 within the track 101 along the X-axis. Subsequently, the operation of the transverse adjustment component 106 facilitates the movement of the second electric push rod 107 and the cutting head 111 along the Y-axis. Finally, the second electric push rod 107 facilitates the movement of the cutting head 111 along the Z-axis, thereby facilitating the movement of the cutting head 111 above the axis of the end cap body 103. Then, the rotation shaft 108, the yaw shaft 109, and the compensation shaft 110 work together to adjust the cutting head 111. At the same time, the positioner 102 adjusts the position of the end cap body 103, which facilitates the cutting of the end cap body 103.

[0054] Before vertical hole cutting: The movable plate 104, the lateral adjustment component 106, the second electric push rod 107, the rotating shaft 108, the yaw shaft 109, the compensation shaft 110, and the positioner 102 are all placed at the very end of the track 101, i.e., position 0. That is, the movable plate 104 stops at the very end of the track 101, the second electric push rod 107 stops at the upper stop point, the lateral adjustment component 106 stops at the left stop point of the movable plate 104, and the positioner 102 is in the horizontal position. This leaves enough space for the upper work station when processing the head body 103. The head body 103 is placed on the positioner 102 manually or by a crane, depending on its size. The positioner 102 has a self-centering device such as a hydraulic three-grip chuck, which can automatically center the head body 103 of different sizes and tighten the head body 103 through the chuck's jaws to achieve self-centering clamping of the head body 103.

[0055] During vertical hole cutting: The worker inputs the parameters of the head body 103 into the human-machine interface: diameter, wall thickness, hole diameter, and hole position dimensions. The software automatically calculates the positions of the movable plate 104, the transverse adjustment component 106, the second electric push rod 107, the rotating shaft 108, the yaw shaft 109, the compensation shaft 110, and the positioner 102. Each motion module moves to the initial position above the head body 103 according to the received instructions and is ready to be executed.

[0056] When the worker presses the cutting button, each motion module moves in tandem according to the received instructions. The plasma cutting torch starts arc cutting the hole. If multiple vertical holes are encountered, the system will rotate around the Z-axis and swing around the X-axis after one hole is cut, according to the worker's settings. This will rotate the next hole to be cut to the cutting position (the cutting position is the center position of the hole to be cut on the head body 103, which is placed on the center plane of the movable plate 104), and automatically begin cutting the next hole.

[0057] Vertical hole cutting completed: After cutting is completed, the movable plate 104, the horizontal adjustment component 106, the second electric push rod 107, the rotating shaft 108, the yaw shaft 109, the compensation shaft 110, and the positioner 102 all return to the 0 position. The worker unloads the cut end cap body 103 and fixes the next end cap body 103 in place.

[0058] For normal holes, simply rotate the axis of the hole to be cut to a vertical position using the positioner 102, and the worker inputs the end cap parameters—diameter, wall thickness, hole diameter, and hole position dimensions—through the human-machine interface. The software automatically calculates the cutting process, following the same principle as for vertical holes.

[0059] When the operator needs to disassemble the device, the rotation of the lead screw 201 causes the movable plate 104 to move and causes the gear 210 to mesh with the first toothed plate 209. This causes the gear 210 to rotate and drive the toothed plate contact member 206 to move upward, causing the toothed plate contact member 206 to separate from the limiting rod 207. Subsequently, the first spring 208 pulls the limiting rod 207 to move and be stored inside the movable plate 104 and separate it from the track 101, thereby causing the movable plate 104 to lose its limit and making it easier for the operator to disassemble the movable plate 104.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Reference Figure 1-10 To better demonstrate an explosion-proof electric heating tube processing device, this embodiment presents a head opening projection concentric circle beveling device and its cutting method, including the following steps: Step 1: Power on and perform a self-test. The machine is in its original position, which is far from the positioner 102, so that there is enough space for the hoisting equipment to lift the end cap. At this time, the positioner 102 is in a horizontal position. Then, the end cap body 103 is hoisted onto the positioner 102. The automatic centering device of the positioner 102 ensures that the end cap body 103 and the positioner 102 are coaxial. Step 2: Start the equipment and cut one by one, counterclockwise or clockwise, according to the multiple holes on the head body 103 and the machine cutting rules. Step 3: The motor 203 drives the lead screw 201 to rotate, causing the movable plate 104 to move along the X-axis. Subsequently, the horizontal adjustment component 106 facilitates the adjustment of the position of the second electric push rod 107 and the cutting head 111 along the Y-axis. Finally, the operation of the second electric push rod 107 facilitates the adjustment of the position of the cutting head 111 along the Z-axis, thereby ensuring that the cutting head 111 is above the axis of the end cap body 103. The laser rangefinder 112 on the cutting head 111 measures the height of the end cap body 103, and the Z-axis returns to the highest point. Step 4: The positioner 102 moves and rotates around the X-axis. The rotation angle is the angle α between the vertical axis and the bevel axis, so that the Z-axis coincides with the bevel axis. At this time, the positioner 102 rotates to the position. Step 5: The yaw shaft 109 swings at an angle γ, moving from its original position of 90° to r=90°-β. The compensation shaft 110 compensates accordingly based on the different hole positions. After the movement, the position is R. The second electric push rod 107 pushes the cutting head 111 to move along the Z-axis. When the cutting head 111 is 3-5mm away from the end cap, the rotating shaft 108 rotates 360°. The laser rangefinder measures the height of one circle of the intersection line. Then, the plasma power supply is turned on, and the cutting action begins. The program drives the rotating shaft 108, the second electric push rod 107, and the compensation shaft 110 to work together. Step 6: Cutting complete, turn off the plasma power supply.

[0062] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0063] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0064] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0065] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for projecting concentric bevels on a head, characterized in that: include, A cutting mechanism (100) includes two tracks (101) and a positioner (102). The positioner (102) is disposed between the two tracks (101). A head body (103) is disposed on the top of the positioner (102). Movable plates (104) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two tracks (101). A groove (105) is provided on the top of the movable plate (104). A transverse adjustment member (106) is disposed inside the groove (105). The outer wall of the transverse adjustment member (106) is... A second electric push rod (107) is fixedly connected. A rotating shaft (108) is provided at the lower end of the second electric push rod (107). A yaw shaft (109) is provided at the end of the rotating shaft (108) away from the second electric push rod (107). A compensation shaft (110) is provided at the end of the yaw shaft (109) away from the rotating shaft (108). A cutting head (111) is provided at the end of the compensation shaft (110) away from the yaw shaft (109). A laser rangefinder (112) is provided at the cutting head (111). The quick-release mechanism (200) includes two lead screws (201), which are rotatably inserted into the interior of two tracks (101). Both ends of the two lead screws (201) are provided with transmission components (202). A motor (203) is fixedly connected to the side of each track (101). The rotating shaft of the motor (203) is fixedly connected to one end of each lead screw (201). A movable block (204) is threaded onto the outer wall of each lead screw (201). The upper end of the movable block (204) is movably inserted into the bottom of a movable plate (104). An assembly groove (205) is provided inside the movable plate (104), and a toothed plate abutment component (2) is provided inside the assembly groove (205). 06), both sides of the movable plate (104) are movably inserted with limiting rods (207), and the opposite ends of the two limiting rods (207) extend into the assembly groove (205) and abut against the outer wall of the toothed plate contact member (206). A first spring (208) is provided between the opposite ends of the two limiting rods (207). The left ends of the top of the two tracks (101) are fixedly connected with first toothed plates (209). A gear (210) is rotatably inserted into the side of the movable plate (104). One end of the gear (210) passes through the movable plate (104) and meshes with the toothed plate contact member (206). The other end of the gear (210) meshes with the first toothed plate (209). The movable plate (104) is U-shaped. The two lower ends of the movable plate (104) are respectively inserted into the two tracks (101) and slide in cooperation with the inner wall of the tracks (101). The movable block (204) has a spiral groove on its side that is compatible with the lead screw (201). The movable block (204) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the track (101). The toothed plate contact member (206) includes a vertical plate (206a), a second spring (206b) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate (206a), the upper end of the second spring (206b) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove (205), a through hole (206c) is opened on the side of the vertical plate (206a), a second toothed plate (206d) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole (206c), the lower edge of the vertical plate (206a) is rounded, the outer wall of the vertical plate (206a) slides against the end of the limiting rod (207) near the assembly groove (205), and a horizontal groove (101a) is opened on both sides of the track (101). The limiting rod (207) is inserted into the inner wall of the horizontal groove (101a) and slides in connection with the inner wall of the horizontal groove (101a). The gear component (210) includes two gear discs (210a) and a rotating rod (210b). The two gear discs (210a) are respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod (210b). The rotating rod (210b) is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the movable plate (104). One of the gear discs (210a) meshes with the first toothed plate (209), and the other gear disc (210a) meshes with the second toothed plate (206d).

2. The head opening projection concentric circle bevel device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioner (102) has two screws (102a) on its outer wall. The two screws (102a) are symmetrical about the positioner (102). The outer wall of the screws (102a) is threaded with an external clamping plate (102b). The end of the screw (102a) away from the positioner (102) is connected to the lead screw (201) through a transmission component (202). The outer wall of the positioner (102) is fixedly connected with four guide rods (102c). The four guide rods (102c) are arranged in pairs and are symmetrical about the positioner (102). The external clamping plate (102b) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods (102c).

3. The head opening projection concentric circle bevel device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The external clamping plate (102b) includes a T-shaped plate (102b1) and a rubber plate (102b2). The T-shaped plate (102b1) is threaded onto the outer wall of the screw (102a). The two ends of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate (102b1) are respectively movably sleeved onto the outer walls of the two guide rods (102c). The rubber plate (102b2) is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical plate (206a) of the T-shaped plate (102b1) near the positioner (102).

4. The head opening projection concentric circle bevel device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral adjustment component (106) includes a first electric push rod (106a) and a movable ring (106b). The first electric push rod (106a) is disposed inside the slide groove (105). The movable ring (106b) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the horizontal plate of the movable plate (104). The extended end of the first electric push rod (106a) is fixedly connected to two connecting plates (106c). The connecting plates (106c) penetrate the slide groove (105) and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable ring (106b).

5. The head opening projection concentric circle bevel device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission component (202) includes three transmission wheels (202a) and a transmission belt (202b). The three transmission wheels (202a) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of two lead screws (201) and screws (102a). The three transmission wheels (202a) are connected by transmission belt (202b).

6. The head opening concentric circle bevel device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the limiting rod (207) near the vertical plate (206a) abuts against the outer wall of the vertical plate (206a), and the edge of the limiting rod (207) near the vertical plate (206a) is rounded. The outer walls of the two limiting rods (207) are fixedly connected to the connecting plates (207a), and the two ends of the first spring (208) are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two connecting plates (207a).

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