A battery pack circuit breaking device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery packs of electric vehicles, and relates to a battery pack circuit breaking device which comprises a shell and a wire, the shell is provided with a first shear block and a second shear block, the first shear block is provided with a first shear surface, the second shear block is provided with a second shear surface, the first shear surface is in sliding connection with the second shear surface, the shell is provided with a first pole and a second pole, the first pole is electrically connected with one end of the wire, and the second pole is electrically connected with the other end of the wire; the wire is provided with a shear section which is arranged across the connection position of the first shear surface and the second shear surface; the shell extrudes the first shear block or / and the second shear block, so that the first shear surface is dislocatedly slid relative to the second shear surface, and the shear section is sheared off. When a vehicle collides, the shell is deformed to push the first shear surface and the second shear surface to be dislocatedly slid and the shear section is sheared off, so that the wire is disconnected, and then two series-connected battery cells are disconnected, thereby solving the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion caused by the extrusion deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery pack technology for electric vehicles, and more specifically, to a battery pack circuit breaker device. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle battery packs are large, and in high-speed collisions, they are prone to significant deformation, leading to internal short circuits within the cells or insulation failure in the battery pack circuit. To address these safety risks, current solutions are as follows: First, upon sensing a collision, the vehicle uses a relay near the output port to cut off the high-voltage output from the battery pack. A pyrotechnic circuit breaker located in the middle of the battery pack circuit then divides the hundreds or thousands of series-connected cell groups into two series-connected groups with relatively lower energy, reducing the risk of external short circuits due to insulation failure. Next, if deformation continues, causing external short circuits within the cell groups, a fuse connected in series within the cell groups will trip. Finally, if deformation continues until internal short circuits occur within the cells, the battery pack's insulation and heat dissipation structures must prevent the spread of thermal runaway.

[0003] The above solutions have the following shortcomings: When excessive collision deformation leads to a short circuit in the cell, such as a side pillar impact, the heat insulation and heat dissipation structure of the battery pack is also damaged, and its efficiency will be severely reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to rely on the heat insulation and heat dissipation structure of the battery pack to prevent the spread of thermal runaway of the cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a battery pack circuit breaker to solve the problem of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion caused by the compression and deformation of the cells inside the battery pack.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A battery pack circuit breaker includes a housing and a conductor. The housing contains a first shearing block and a second shearing block. The first shearing block has a first shearing surface, and the second shearing block has a second shearing surface. The first shearing surface and the second shearing surface are slidably connected. The housing also has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal is electrically connected to one end of the conductor, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the other end of the conductor. The conductor has a shearing segment that spans the connection between the first shearing surface and the second shearing surface. The housing presses against the first shearing block and / or the second shearing block to cause the first shearing surface to slide relative to the second shearing surface and shear the shearing segment.

[0007] In this technical solution, the first terminal is connected to the negative terminal of one of the battery cells, and the second terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the other battery cell. When the vehicle collides, the housing deforms. During the deformation process, the housing compresses the first shear block and / or the second shear block. After being compressed by external force, the first shear surface and the second shear surface are misaligned and slide. During the misalignment and sliding process, the first shear surface and the second shear surface cut off the shear segment, thereby disconnecting the wire and then disconnecting the two series-connected battery cells. This solves the problem of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion caused by the compression and deformation of the battery cells inside the battery pack.

[0008] Furthermore, the first shearing block is a first prism structure, the first shearing surface is formed on one side of the first prism structure, and at least two sides of the first prism structure are in contact with the shell; the second shearing block is a second prism structure, the second shearing surface is formed on one side of the second prism structure, and at least two sides of the second prism structure are in contact with the shell.

[0009] In this technical solution, since at least two sides of the first prism structure are in contact with the shell, and at least two sides of the second prism structure are in contact with the shell, when the shell is deformed by external force, the shell will squeeze the first shear block or the second shear block, thereby causing the first shear surface and the second shear surface to slide out of alignment, and then the shear segment is cut off by the out-of-alignment sliding of the first shear surface and the second shear surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the first prism structure has an angle between its side in contact with the shell and the first shear surface, and the second prism structure has an angle between its side in contact with the shell and the second shear surface.

[0011] In this technical solution, since the first prism structure has an angle between the side in contact with the shell and the first shear surface, and the second prism structure has an angle between the side in contact with the shell and the second shear surface, when the shell is deformed by external force, the shell is more likely to push the first shear block or / and the second shear block, so that the first shear surface and the second shear surface will slide out of alignment and shear the shear segment.

[0012] Furthermore, the conductor is an aluminum busbar, the first shearing block has a first groove, the second shearing block has a second groove that communicates with the first groove, and the conductor is arranged in the first groove and the second groove.

[0013] In this technical solution, since the wire is arranged in the first groove and the second groove, and the shearing segment spans the first shearing surface and the second shearing surface, when the shell is squeezed and deformed, the shell pushes the first shearing block and / or the second shearing block to move, so that the first shearing surface and the second shearing surface are misaligned and slide, and the shearing segment is cut off by the shearing force during the misalignment and sliding process of the first shearing surface and the second shearing surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the shearing segment has a first notch along its length direction and a second notch along its thickness direction, the first notch and the second notch being located at the connection between the first shearing surface and the second shearing surface.

[0015] In this technical solution, the setting of the first notch and the second notch weakens the physical strength of the shearing segment, which allows the shell to squeeze the first shearing block or / and the second shearing block when the shell deforms, causing the first shearing surface to slide relative to the second shearing surface, thereby cutting off the shearing segment more quickly and disconnecting the wire, thus protecting the battery cell.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery pack circuit breaker also includes an electrically controlled disconnecting unit disposed in the housing. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit includes a mounting shell, an electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module, and an electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator. The mounting shell is disposed in the housing. The two ends of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator are connected in series on the wire. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module is installed in the mounting shell. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module is electrically connected to the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator to drive the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator to operate and disconnect the wire.

[0017] In this technical solution, during the early stages of the collision process or when the collision intensity level is low, the battery is not compressed and the casing does not deform, but the vehicle acceleration signal is relatively large. During this stage, the actuator of the electronically controlled disconnect unit is activated to cut off the series connection of the battery cells solely based on the intensity of the acceleration signal. When the electronically controlled disconnect unit control module receives the collision signal, it instructs the actuator of the electronically controlled disconnect unit to activate and cut off the series connection of the battery cells.

[0018] Furthermore, the control module of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit includes a control motherboard and a wiring harness. The control motherboard is mounted on the mounting housing. One end of the wiring harness is electrically connected to the control motherboard, and the other end of the wiring harness is electrically connected to the actuator of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit. The control motherboard is also provided with a connector.

[0019] In this technical solution, the control motherboard is used to receive collision signals. After receiving the collision signal, the control motherboard transmits the instruction to the electric control disconnection unit actuator through the wiring harness. After receiving the instruction, the electric control disconnection unit actuator disconnects the wire.

[0020] Furthermore, the mounting housing has a containment space for storing cooling structures or containing gases.

[0021] In this technical solution, when the actuator of the electronically controlled disconnecting unit is working, it generates high-temperature gas. The containment space can be used to contain the high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is cooled down by the cooling structure stored in the containment space.

[0022] Furthermore, a first receiving groove is provided on the second shearing block, and the actuator of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit is housed in the first receiving groove.

[0023] In this technical solution, a first receiving groove is provided on the second shearing block. The first receiving groove is used to place the electric control disconnecting unit actuator, thereby optimizing the layout of the space occupied by the electric control disconnecting unit actuator.

[0024] Furthermore, the battery pack circuit breaker also includes a fuse, with both ends of the fuse connected in series on the conductor.

[0025] In this technical solution, during the middle and later stages of the collision process or when the collision intensity is particularly high, an external short circuit occurs in the series circuit of the battery cells. At this time, a large current is generated, causing the fuse to blow and cut off the circuit.

[0026] Furthermore, a second receiving groove is provided on the first shearing block, and the fuse is received in the second receiving groove.

[0027] In this technical solution, a second receiving groove is provided on the first shearing block, which is used to place the fuse, thereby optimizing the layout of the space occupied by the fuse.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the first terminal is connected to the negative terminal of one of the battery cells, and the second terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the other battery cell. When a vehicle collides, the housing deforms. During the deformation process, the housing compresses the first shear block and / or the second shear block. After being compressed by external force, the first shear surface and the second shear surface are misaligned and slide. During the misalignment and sliding process, the first shear surface and the second shear surface cut off the shear segment, thereby disconnecting the wire and then disconnecting the two series-connected battery cells. This solves the problem of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion caused by the compression and deformation of the battery cells inside the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack circuit breaker device of the present invention after the top side plate of the housing has been removed;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the first shear block in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3This is a perspective view of the second shear block in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention from a first angle.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the second shear block in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention from a second angle.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electronically controlled disconnection unit in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the wires in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged view of the wires in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the housing in the battery pack circuit breaker of the present invention.

[0037] The components are as follows: 1. Housing; 2. Wire; 3. First shearing block; 4. Second shearing block; 31. First shearing surface; 41. Second shearing surface; 5. First pole post; 6. Second pole post; 21. Shearing section; 32. First groove; 42. Second groove; 7. Electrically controlled disconnecting unit; 71. Mounting housing; 72. Electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module; 73. Electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator; 74. Accommodation space; 721. Control main board; 722. Wiring harness; 723. Connector; 43. First receiving slot; 9. Fuse; 44. Wiring harness placement slot; 731. First terminal; 732. Second terminal; 11. Housing body; 12. Cover; 13. Notch; 14. Top side plate; 24. First connecting section; 25. Second connecting section; 33. Second receiving slot; 22. First notch; 23. Second notch. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery pack circuit breaker includes a housing 1 and a wire 2. The housing 1 is provided with a first shearing block 3 and a second shearing block 4. The first shearing block 3 has a first shearing surface 31, and the second shearing block 4 has a second shearing surface 41. The first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41 are slidably connected. The housing 1 is also provided with a first terminal post 5 and a second terminal post 6. The first terminal post 5 is electrically connected to one end of the wire 2, and the second terminal post 6 is electrically connected to the other end of the wire 2. The wire 2 has a shearing segment 21 that spans the connection between the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41. The housing 1 presses the first shearing block 3 and / or the second shearing block 4 to cause the first shearing surface 31 to slide relative to the second shearing surface 41 and cut the shearing segment 21. The first terminal 5 is connected to the negative terminal of one of the battery cells, and the second terminal 6 is connected to the positive terminal of the other battery cell. When the vehicle collides, the housing 1 deforms. During the deformation process, the housing 1 compresses the first shear block 3 and / or the second shear block 4. After the first shear block 3 and / or the second shear block 4 are compressed by external force, the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 are misaligned and slide. During the misalignment and sliding process, the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 cut off the shear segment 21, thereby disconnecting the wire 2 and then disconnecting the two series-connected battery cells. This solves the problem of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion caused by the compression and deformation of the battery cells inside the battery pack.

[0041] It should be noted that the battery pack circuit breaker can be integrated inside the cell housing 1. Because the battery pack circuit breaker has a regular structure and is easy to arrange, and because it carries almost no chemical energy, it can replace some of the cell locations in areas with high collision risk and large deformation. When the housing 1 is subjected to compression deformation, the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 can cut the wire 2, preventing the cell from short-circuiting due to compression. Only when the housing 1 is subjected to large deformation does the staggered sliding of the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 cut the wire 2, making this operation more robust and reliable. It should also be noted that the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 are insulating components, and are insulated from the wire 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first shear block 3 is a first prism structure, with a first shear surface 31 formed on one side of the first prism structure. At least two sides of the first prism structure are in contact with the shell 1. The second shear block 4 is a second prism structure, with a second shear surface 41 formed on one side of the second prism structure. At least two sides of the second prism structure are in contact with the shell 1. Since at least two sides of the first prism structure and at least two sides of the second prism structure are in contact with the shell 1, when the shell 1 is deformed by external force, the shell 1 will squeeze the first shear block 3 or the second shear block 4, thereby causing the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 to slide out of alignment. This sliding out of alignment between the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 will then cut the shear segment 21. It should be noted that the first prism structure can be a triangular prism structure with a right-angled triangle cross-section; the second prism structure can be a quadrangular prism structure with a right-angled trapezoid cross-section. The inclined surface (first shear surface 31) of the first prism structure is in contact with the inclined surface (second shear surface 41) of the second prism structure, and the cuboid structure formed by the combination of the first prism structure and the second prism structure is housed within the shell 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first prism structure has an angle between its side contacting the shell 1 and the first shear surface 31, and the second prism structure has an angle between its side contacting the shell 1 and the second shear surface 41. Because the first prism structure and the second prism structure have angles between their respective sides, the first prism structure and the first shear surface 31 are not parallel, and the second prism structure and the second shear surface 41 are also not parallel. This avoids the situation where, in extreme cases, the compressive force on the sides of the first and second prism structures contacting the shell 1 is perpendicular to the first and second shear surfaces 31 and 41, making it difficult for the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 to move out of alignment. The solution in this embodiment can ensure that when the shell 1 is deformed by external force, the shell 1 can more easily push the first shear block 3 or / and the second shear block 4, so that the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 are misaligned and slide and the shear segment 21 is cut off.

[0044] In this embodiment, the conductor 2 is an aluminum busbar. A first groove 32 is formed on the first shearing block 3, and a second groove 42 connected to the first groove 32 is formed on the second shearing block 4. The conductor 2 is arranged in the first groove 32 and the second groove 42. Since the conductor 2 is arranged in the first groove 32 and the second groove 42, the shearing segment 21 spans the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41. When the housing 1 is compressed and deformed, the housing 1 pushes the first shearing block 3 and / or the second shearing block 4 to move, causing the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41 to slide out of alignment. The shearing force during the sliding out of alignment of the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41 is used to cut the shearing segment 21. It should be noted that the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 are insulating structures. The aluminum busbar is arranged along the first groove 32 and the second groove 42. One end of the aluminum busbar is electrically connected to the first pole post 5, and the other end of the aluminum busbar is electrically connected to the second pole post 6. Since the aluminum busbar is arranged in the first groove 32 and the second groove 42, when the housing 1 is subjected to a large deformation by external force, and the housing 1 pushes the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 to move out of place, the aluminum busbar will not detach from the first groove 32 and the second groove 42. The shear segment 21 spanning between the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 will also not detach from between the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41, thus avoiding the problem of the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 causing the shear segment 21 located between the first shear surface 31 and the second shear surface 41 to fail to shear.

[0045] In this embodiment, the shearing segment 21 has a first notch 22 along its length and a second notch 23 along its thickness. The first notch 22 and the second notch 23 are located at the connection between the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41. The presence of the first notch 22 and the second notch 23 weakens the physical strength of the shearing segment 21, allowing the housing 1 to compress the first shearing block 3 and / or the second shearing block 4 when the housing 1 deforms. This causes the first shearing surface 31 to slide relative to the second shearing surface 41, thereby cutting the shearing segment 21 more quickly and disconnecting the wire 2, thus protecting the battery cell. It should be noted that the connection surface between the first shearing surface 31 and the second shearing surface 41 is perpendicular to the first notch 22 and the second notch 23, making it easier to cut the shearing segment 21 when the first shearing surface 31 slides relative to the second shearing surface 41.

[0046] In this embodiment, the battery pack circuit breaker further includes an electrically controlled disconnecting unit 7 disposed in the housing 1. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit 7 includes a mounting shell 71, an electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module 72, and an electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73. The mounting shell 71 is disposed in the housing 1. The two ends of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 are connected in series on the wire 2. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module 72 is installed in the mounting shell 71. The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module 72 is electrically connected to the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 to drive the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 to act and cut off the wire 2. In the early stage of the collision process or when the collision intensity level is not high, the battery is not squeezed, but the vehicle acceleration signal is large. In this stage, the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 is activated to cut off the series connection of the battery cells only based on the acceleration signal intensity. When the electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module 72 receives the collision signal, the electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module 72 instructs the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 to act and cut off the series connection of the battery cells. It should be noted that in the early stages of a collision or when the collision intensity is low, the collision signal can be detected by the collision sensor or the airbag controller. The electronically controlled disconnect unit control module 72 receives the collision signal from the collision sensor or the airbag controller. If the signal reaches a set threshold, the electronically controlled disconnect unit control module 72 can instruct the electronically controlled disconnect unit actuator 73 to perform the corresponding circuit disconnection action. It should also be noted that the electronically controlled disconnect unit actuator 73 actually consists of two parts: one part is equivalent to a physical connecting wire connected in series with wire 2; the other part is also a small cutting device, commonly called a pyrotechnic generator. When the execution signal is received, the pyrotechnic generator ignites, pushing the cutting device to cut the connecting wire, indirectly disconnecting wire 2. Since the electronically controlled disconnect unit actuator 73 is existing technology, its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0047] It should also be noted that in the early stages of a collision or when the collision intensity is low, the battery is not compressed, but the vehicle acceleration signal is strong. In this stage, the electronic control disconnect unit 7 cuts off the circuit solely based on the acceleration signal strength, and the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 are inactive. In the middle and later stages of a collision or when the collision intensity is particularly high, the large deformation of the casing 1 pushes the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 to move out of position, cutting the wire 2 and severing the series connection of the battery cell. This allows the circuit to be cut off at different stages, thereby protecting the battery cell.

[0048] In this embodiment, the electronically controlled disconnection unit control module 72 includes a control motherboard 721 and a wiring harness 722. The control motherboard 721 is mounted on the mounting housing 71. One end of the wiring harness 722 is electrically connected to the control motherboard 721, and the other end is electrically connected to the electronically controlled disconnection unit actuator 73. The control motherboard 721 is also provided with a connector 723. The control motherboard 721 is used to receive collision signals. After receiving the collision signal, the control motherboard 721 transmits the command to the electronically controlled disconnection unit actuator 73 through the wiring harness 722. After receiving the command, the electronically controlled disconnection unit actuator 73 disconnects the wire 2. It should be noted that the collision signal can be detected by a collision sensor or an airbag controller. The collision sensor or airbag controller transmits the collision signal to the control motherboard 721. The control motherboard 721 judges according to the threshold of the collision signal. When the collision signal reaches the set threshold, the control motherboard 721 commands the electronically controlled disconnection unit actuator 73 to act and cut off the wire 2 through the wiring harness 722. It should also be noted that the housing 1 includes a hollow housing body 11 and a cover 12 covering the opening of the housing body 11. The upper part of the housing body 11 is a top side plate 14. After the first shearing block 3, the second shearing block 4, and the wire 2 are installed inside the housing body 11, the mounting shell 71 is then installed inside the housing body 11 and abuts against one side of the second shearing block 4. One end of the wire 2 passes through the mounting shell 71 and is connected to the second terminal 6 provided on the cover. The other end of the wire 2 is electrically connected to the first terminal 5 on the cover. The cover 12 also has a notch 13 for installing a connector 723. Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the battery pack circuit breaker after removing the top side plate 14 of the casing body 11.

[0049] In this embodiment, the mounting housing 71 has a receiving space 74 for storing a cooling structure or containing gas. When the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 operates, it generates high-temperature gas. The receiving space 74 can be used to contain this high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is cooled down by the cooling structure stored in the receiving space. It should be noted that the cooling structure includes a sealing shell, which is installed in the mounting housing 71. The sealing shell contains a solid phase change material, which transforms from a solid to a liquid state after absorbing heat from the high-temperature gas.

[0050] In this embodiment, the second shearing block 4 has a first receiving slot 43, in which the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 is housed. The first receiving slot 43 on the second shearing block 4 optimizes the space occupied by the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73. It should also be noted that the second shearing block 4 also has a wire harness placement slot 44, which is used to place the wire harness 722 connecting the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 and the control motherboard 721.

[0051] In this embodiment, the battery pack circuit breaker also includes a fuse 9, with its two ends connected in series to the conductor 2. During the later stages of the collision or when the collision intensity is particularly high, an external short circuit occurs in the cell series circuit, generating a large current that causes the fuse 9 to blow and cut off the circuit. It should also be noted that in the early stages of the collision or when the collision intensity is low, the battery is not compressed, but the vehicle acceleration signal is large. In this stage, the electronic control disconnection unit 7 cuts off the circuit solely based on the acceleration signal strength; at this time, the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 are inactive, and the fuse 9 is also inactive. During the later stages of the collision or when the collision intensity is particularly high, an external short circuit occurs in the cell series circuit, generating a large current that causes the fuse 9 to blow and cut off the conductor 2. The large deformation of the casing 1 pushes the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4 to move out of alignment, cutting the conductor 2 and severing the series connection of the cells. This allows for circuit cutting off at different stages, thereby protecting the cells. Because the first shear block 3, the second shear block 4, the fuse 9, and the electronically controlled disconnecting unit 7 are integrated inside the housing 1 to form a battery pack circuit breaker, and this circuit breaker is located in the area of ​​large deformation during the collision, it can disconnect the battery pack circuit at different stages of the collision, preventing thermal runaway and thermal propagation caused by the compression and deformation of the cells inside the battery pack. The circuit disconnection schemes of the first shear block 3 and the second shear block 4, the fuse 9, and the electronically controlled disconnecting unit 7 can disconnect the battery pack circuit at different stages of the collision. These three disconnection schemes complement and back each other up, resulting in higher safety. Specifically, these three disconnection schemes can be used individually, in pairs, or all three simultaneously. When all three are used simultaneously, the circuit breaking function is more reliable and the functional safety level is higher.

[0052] It should also be noted that the conductor 2 is an aluminum busbar, and the conductor 2 includes a first connecting section 24 and a second connecting section 25. One end of the first connecting section 24 is electrically connected to the first pole 5, and the other end of the first connecting section 24 is connected to one end of the fuse 9. The other end of the fuse 9 is connected to one end of the shearing section 21, and the other end of the shearing section 21 is connected to the first terminal 731 of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73. The second terminal 732 of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator 73 is connected to one end of the second connecting section 25, and the other end of the second connecting section 25 is connected to the second pole 6.

[0053] In this embodiment, a second receiving groove 33 is provided on the first shearing block 3, and the fuse 9 is housed in the second receiving groove 33. The second receiving groove 33 on the first shearing block 3 is used to place the fuse 9, thereby optimizing the layout of the space occupied by the fuse 9.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack circuit breaker device, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1) and a wire (2). The housing (1) is provided with a first shearing block (3) and a second shearing block (4). The first shearing block (3) has a first shearing surface (31), and the second shearing block (4) has a second shearing surface (41). The first shearing surface (31) and the second shearing surface (41) are slidably connected. The housing (1) is also provided with a first pole post (5) and a second pole post (6). The first pole post (5) is electrically connected to one end of the wire (2), and the second pole post (6) is electrically connected to the other end of the wire (2). The wire (2) has a shearing segment (21). The shearing segment (21) spans the connection between the first shearing surface (31) and the second shearing surface (41). The housing (1) squeezes the first shearing block (3) and / or the second shearing block (4) to make the first shearing surface (31) slide relative to the second shearing surface (41) and cut off the shearing segment (21).

2. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shear block (3) is a first prism structure, and the first shear surface (31) is formed on one side of the first prism structure. At least two sides of the first prism structure are in contact with the shell (1). The second shear block (4) is a second prism structure, and the second shear surface (41) is formed on one side of the second prism structure. At least two sides of the second prism structure are in contact with the shell (1).

3. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first prism structure has an angle between the side that contacts the shell (1) and the first shear surface (31), and the second prism structure has an angle between the side that contacts the shell (1) and the second shear surface (41).

4. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (2) is an aluminum busbar. The first shearing block (3) has a first groove (32), and the second shearing block (4) has a second groove (42) that communicates with the first groove (32). The conductor (2) is arranged in the first groove (32) and the second groove (42).

5. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shearing segment (21) has a first notch (22) along its length direction and a second notch (23) along its thickness direction. The first notch (22) and the second notch (23) are located at the connection between the first shearing surface (31) and the second shearing surface (41).

6. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack circuit breaker also includes an electrically controlled disconnecting unit (7) disposed in the housing (1). The electrically controlled disconnecting unit (7) includes a mounting shell (71), an electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module (72), and an electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator (73). The mounting shell (71) is disposed in the housing (1). The two ends of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator (73) are connected in series on the wire (2). The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module (72) is installed in the mounting shell (71). The electrically controlled disconnecting unit control module (72) is electrically connected to the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator (73) to drive the electrically controlled disconnecting unit actuator (73) to operate and cut off the wire (2).

7. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module (72) of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit includes a control motherboard (721) and a wiring harness (722). The control motherboard (721) is mounted on the mounting housing (71). One end of the wiring harness (722) is electrically connected to the control motherboard (721), and the other end of the wiring harness (722) is electrically connected to the actuator (73) of the electrically controlled disconnecting unit. The control motherboard (721) is also provided with a connector (723).

8. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second shearing block (4) has a first receiving groove (43) and the electric control disconnecting unit actuator (73) is housed in the first receiving groove (43).

9. The battery pack circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery pack circuit breaker also includes a fuse (9), the two ends of which are connected in series on the conductor (2).

10. The battery pack circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first shearing block (3) has a second receiving groove (33) and the fuse (9) is housed in the second receiving groove (33).

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