A dynamic regulation fishway integrating different water depths and fish object requirements and a method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a dynamic regulation fishway integrating different water depths and fish object requirements and a method, which comprises a bottom support, a plurality of groups of support columns are symmetrically fixed to the top of the bottom support, a regulation assembly is installed between the support columns, a fishway assembly is installed on the regulation assembly, a semicircular plate is fixed to the top of the regulation assembly, the semicircular plate is fixedly connected with a connecting block at the middle of the bottom end of a connecting beam, and hoisting top plates are hoisted at the two ends of the connecting beam. The application is used to solve the problem that the traditional fishway has a single form during operation, the internal flow state of the fishway is single, the fishway cannot meet the multi-target fish passing requirements, the fishway elevation is fixed, the fishway cannot adapt to different water level amplitudes, and the fish passing effect is not ideal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fishway technology, and in particular to a dynamically adjustable fishway and method that integrates different water depths and the needs of fish passage objects. Background Technology

[0002] Water conservancy projects and reservoir construction are the mainstream methods for developing and utilizing river hydrodynamic resources. While playing important functions such as flood control, power generation, irrigation, and navigation, they also transform natural river ecosystems into artificially regulated reservoir systems, altering the ecological connectivity of natural rivers. The impact on migratory fish mainly includes the blockage of free migration channels between upstream and downstream areas, habitat fragmentation, and delayed accumulated temperature during the breeding season, leading to a significant decline in the biodiversity and population density of migratory fish. To mitigate the adverse effects of hydropower development on migratory fish, domestic and international scholars, considering river hydrological conditions, hydropower projects, and the characteristics of target protected fish species, have proposed diverse fish conservation technologies and methods, such as compensatory measures like constructing fish passage facilities.

[0003] Traditional fishways, due to their fixed and monotonous design, result in a uniform internal flow pattern, failing to meet the needs of multiple fish crossing targets. Furthermore, their fixed elevation cannot adapt to varying water levels, leading to unsatisfactory fish passage efficiency. This invention relates to a dynamically adjustable fishway that integrates different water depths and fish crossing requirements, enabling coordinated fish passage for various depths and target fish. When the discharge from the hydropower station is small, the water depth is shallow, and the flow velocity is low, one of the three fishway types can be placed at the bottom layer to assist fish crossing the dam. When the flow is large and the water depth is deep, the three types of fishways can be vertically superimposed. Since the water flow velocity gradually increases from the bottom to the surface, a simulated natural fishway can be placed at the bottom, a weir-type fishway in the middle layer, and a vertical slotted fishway at the top layer to achieve fish crossing at different water depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamically adjustable fishway and method that integrates different water depths and fish passage requirements, in order to solve the problems that traditional fishways, due to their fixed and monotonous form, result in a monotonous internal flow pattern, which cannot meet the needs of multiple targets for fish passage, and the fixed elevation of the fishway cannot adapt to different water level fluctuations, leading to unsatisfactory fish passage results.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the present invention aims to provide a dynamically adjustable fishway that integrates different water depths and fish passage requirements, comprising a bottom support, with multiple sets of support columns symmetrically fixed to the top of the bottom support, an adjustment component installed between the support columns, a fishway component installed on the adjustment component, a semi-circular plate fixed to the top of the adjustment component, the semi-circular plate being fixedly connected to a connecting block at the bottom center of a connecting beam, and a lifting top plate suspended at both ends of the connecting beam.

[0006] The bottom support is symmetrically equipped with railings on both sides, and both ends of the railings extend and are fixed to the outer wall of the supporting column.

[0007] The control assembly consists of a support column, a limiting block, a lifting frame, a support beam, a winding reel, a first guide wheel, a second guide wheel, a third guide wheel, a lifting rope, a control motor, and a reduction gearbox body. The first guide wheel is rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the support column. A limiting block is slidably connected to one side of the support column, and a second guide wheel is rotatably connected to the limiting block. The limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged between the lifting frames, and a third guide wheel is rotatably connected to the lifting frames. A support beam is arranged between the lifting frames, and a reduction gearbox body is arranged on the top of the support beam. The input end of the reduction gearbox body is connected to the output end of the control motor, and the output end of the reduction gearbox body is connected to the winding reel. The winding reel is rotatably connected to the support beam. One end of the lifting rope is wound around the winding reel, and the other end of the lifting rope is sequentially wound around the third guide wheel, the second guide wheel, and the first guide wheel, and fixed to the bottom of the inside of the support column. The first and second lifting beams of the fishway assembly are symmetrically arranged on the lifting frame.

[0008] The fishway assembly consists of a first lifting beam, a second lifting beam, a third lifting beam, a first base plate, a second base plate, a third base plate, a vertical slot fishway, a simulated natural fishway, and a weir-type fishway. The bottom of the lifting frame is equipped with a third lifting beam. The first, second, and third lifting beams are connected to the first, second, and third base plates in sequence by lifting ropes. The tops of the first, second, and third base plates are respectively equipped with vertical slot fishways, simulated natural fishways, and weir-type fishways.

[0009] The simulated natural fishway creates a natural habitat by adding pebbles of different sizes or emergent plants inside the fishway to slow down the water flow. The vertical slot fishway and the weir fishway create different flow velocity zones by adding different types of baffles inside the fishway, including resting areas and bursting zones, to help fish cross the dam. The three different types of fishways can create different water flow environments. The type of fishway to be used depends on the different fish crossing seasons and the different fish crossing targets. When there are many fish crossing targets, all three types of fishways can be used vertically at the same time.

[0010] The connecting beam is connected to the hoisting top plate via a hoisting rope.

[0011] The connecting block is fixed to the top of the semi-circular plate.

[0012] A method for dynamically adjusting fishways that integrate different water depths and fish passage requirements includes the following steps: In use, the first, second, and third lifting beams on the lifting frame provide support for the first, second, and third base plates of the vertical slot fishway, the simulated natural fishway, and the weir-type fishway, respectively. After the overall structure is installed, the vertical slot fishway, the simulated natural fishway, and the weir-type fishway provide corresponding passageways for different types of fish. Different types of baffles are added inside the vertical slot fishway and the weir-type fishway to create different flow velocity zones, including resting areas and bursting areas, to assist fish in crossing the dam. Different pebbles or emergent plants of different sizes are added inside the simulated natural fishway to slow down the water flow. When adjusting the height, the set control motor drives the gearbox to operate, and the gearbox controls the winding and unwinding of the lifting rope. With the winding and cooperating of the first, second, and third guide wheels, the limit block and the lifting frame move up and down along the support column, automatically adjusting the height of the fishway and achieving a coordinated fish passage effect for different water depths and different fish species.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses a lifting frame to support the first, second, and third base plates, which are respectively equipped with vertical slot fishways, simulated natural fishways, and weir-type fishways. After the overall structure is installed, the vertical slot fishways, simulated natural fishways, and weir-type fishways provide corresponding fish passages for different types of fish. At the same time, a control motor drives the reduction gearbox to operate, and the reduction gearbox controls the winding and unwinding of the lifting rope. With the interaction of the first, second, and third guide wheels, the limiting block and the lifting frame move up and down along the support column, automatically adjusting the height of the fishway. This achieves a coordinated fish passage effect for different water depths and different fish species, improving the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the lifting rope in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a detailed diagram of the winding position of the lifting rope in this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical slit fishway of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pond-weir type fishway of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the natural fishway of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a partial top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of a partial structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Bottom support; 2. Fishway assembly; 3. Control assembly; 4. Fence; 5. Semicircular plate; 6. Connecting block; 7. Connecting beam; 8. Lifting top plate; 21. First lifting beam; 22. Second lifting beam; 23. Third lifting beam; 24. First bottom plate; 25. Second bottom plate; 26. Third bottom plate; 27. Vertical slotted fishway; 28. Imitation natural fishway; 29. ​​Pond-type fishway; 31. Support column; 32. Limiting block; 33. Lifting frame; 34. Support beam; 35. Winding reel; 36. First guide wheel; 37. Second guide wheel; 38. Third guide wheel; 39. Lifting rope; 40. Control motor; 41. Gearbox body. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1: like Figure 1-10 As shown, a dynamically adjustable fishway integrating different water depths and fish passage requirements includes a bottom support 1. Multiple sets of support columns 31 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the bottom support 1. An adjustment component 3 is installed between the support columns 31. Fishway components 2 are installed on the adjustment component 3. A semi-circular plate 5 is fixed to the top of the adjustment component 3. The semi-circular plate 5 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 6 at the bottom center of a connecting beam 7. Lifting top plates 8 are suspended at both ends of the connecting beam 7. This dynamically adjustable fishway structure solves the problems of traditional fishways, which, due to their fixed and monotonous form, result in a monotonous internal flow pattern, failing to meet the needs of multiple fish passages, and have a fixed elevation, unable to adapt to different water level fluctuations, leading to unsatisfactory fish passage performance. In specific operation, the adjustment component 3 enables the lifting and lowering control of different types of fishway components 2, thereby automatically adjusting the height of the fishway and achieving a coordinated fish passage effect for different water depths and fish passage targets, improving the practicality of the device.

[0028] Furthermore, symmetrical railings 4 are provided on both sides of the bottom support 1, and both ends of the railings 4 extend and are fixed to the outer wall of the support column 31. The railings 4 can reliably fix the support column 31.

[0029] Furthermore, the control assembly 3 comprises a support column 31, a limiting block 32, a lifting frame 33, a support beam 34, a winding wheel 35, a first guide wheel 36, a second guide wheel 37, a third guide wheel 38, a lifting rope 39, a control motor 40, and a reduction gearbox body 41. The first guide wheel 36 is rotatably connected to the inner top of the support column 31. A limiting block 32 is slidably connected to one side of the support column 31. A second guide wheel 37 is rotatably connected to the limiting block 32. The limiting blocks 32 are symmetrically arranged between the lifting frames 33, and a third guide wheel 38 is rotatably connected to the lifting frame 33. A support beam 34 is provided, and a reduction gearbox body 41 is provided on the top of the support beam 34. The input end of the reduction gearbox body 41 is connected to the output end of the control motor 40, and the output end of the reduction gearbox body 41 is connected to the winding reel 35. The winding reel 35 is rotatably connected in the support beam 34. One end of the lifting rope 39 is wound around the winding reel 35, and the other end of the lifting rope 39 is sequentially wound around the third guide wheel 38, the second guide wheel 37, and the first guide wheel 36, and fixed to the bottom of the inner end of the support column 31. The first lifting beam 21 and the second lifting beam 22 of the fishway assembly 2 are symmetrically arranged on the lifting frame 33. The lifting and lowering control of the fishway assembly 2 can be realized through the above-mentioned control component 3. In the specific control process, when adjusting the height position, the set control motor 40 drives the gearbox body 41 to run. The gearbox body 41 controls the winding wheel 35 to wind up and unwind the lifting rope 39. Under the winding cooperation of the first guide wheel 36, the second guide wheel 37 and the third guide wheel 38, the limit block 32 and the lifting frame 33 move up and down along the support column 31, automatically adjusting the height position of the fish passage, and realizing the coordinated fish passage effect for different water depths and different fish passing objects.

[0030] Furthermore, the fishway assembly 2 comprises a first lifting beam 21, a second lifting beam 22, a third lifting beam 23, a first base plate 24, a second base plate 25, a third base plate 26, a vertical slot fishway 27, a simulated natural fishway 28, and a weir-type fishway 29. The bottom of the lifting frame 33 is provided with the third lifting beam 23. The first lifting beam 21, the second lifting beam 22, and the third lifting beam 23 are sequentially connected to the first base plate 24, the second base plate 25, and the third base plate 26 via lifting ropes. The tops of the first base plate 24, the second base plate 25, and the third base plate 26 are respectively provided with the vertical slot fishway 27, the simulated natural fishway 28, and the weir-type fishway 29. The fishway assembly 2 allows fish to pass through.

[0031] Furthermore, the simulated natural fishway 28 creates a natural habitat by adding pebbles of different sizes or emergent plants inside the fishway to slow down the water flow. The vertical slot fishway 27 and the weir-type fishway 29 create different flow velocity zones by adding different types of baffles inside the fishway, including resting zones and bursting zones, to assist fish in crossing the dam. The three different types of fishways can create different water flow environments. The type of fishway to be used depends on the different fish crossing seasons and the different fish crossing targets. When there are many fish crossing targets, the three types of fishways can also be used simultaneously in vertical operation.

[0032] Furthermore, the connecting beam 7 is connected to the hoisting top plate 8 via a lifting rope. The connecting beam 7 enables the connection of the hoisting top plate 8.

[0033] Furthermore, the connecting block 6 is fixed to the top of the semicircular plate 5. The connecting block 6 enables the connection between the semicircular plate 5 and the connecting beam 7.

[0034] Example 2: A method for dynamically adjusting fishways that integrate different water depths and fish passage requirements includes the following steps: In use, the first lifting beam 21, the second lifting beam 22, and the third lifting beam 23 are arranged on the lifting frame 33 to support the first bottom plate 24, the second bottom plate 25, and the third bottom plate 26, which are equipped with the vertical slotted fishway 27, the simulated natural fishway 28, and the weir-type fishway 29, respectively. After the overall structure is installed, the vertical slotted fishway 27, the simulated natural fishway 28, and the weir-type fishway 29 can provide corresponding fish passages for different types of fish. The vertical slotted fishway 27 and the weir-type fishway 29 have different types of baffles inside to create different flow velocity zones, including resting areas and rushing areas. The fishway 28 is designed to facilitate fish passage through a dam-like area. Different sized pebbles or emergent plants are incorporated into the natural fishway 28 to slow the water flow. When adjusting the height, a control motor 40 drives a reduction gearbox 41, which in turn controls the winding reel 35 to extend and retract the lifting rope 39. The first guide wheel 36, the second guide wheel 37, and the third guide wheel 38 work together to move the limit block 32 and the lifting frame 33 up and down along the support column 31, automatically adjusting the height of the fishway. This achieves a coordinated fish passage effect for different water depths and different fish species.

Claims

1. A dynamically adjustable fishway integrating different water depths and fish passage requirements, characterized in that, Includes a bottom support (1), the top of which is symmetrically fixed with multiple sets of support columns (31), an adjustment component (3) is installed between the support columns (31), a fish passage component (2) is installed on the adjustment component (3), a semi-circular plate (5) is fixed on the top of the adjustment component (3), the semi-circular plate (5) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (6) at the bottom center of the connecting beam (7), and a lifting top plate (8) is hoisted at both ends of the connecting beam (7). The control assembly (3) consists of a support column (31), a limiting block (32), a lifting frame (33), a support beam (34), a winding wheel (35), a first guide wheel (36), a second guide wheel (37), a third guide wheel (38), a lifting rope (39), a control motor (40), and a reduction gearbox body (41). The first guide wheel (36) is rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the support column (31). A limiting block (32) is slidably connected to one side of the support column (31). A second guide wheel (37) is rotatably connected in the limiting block (32). The limiting blocks (32) are symmetrically arranged between the lifting frames (33), and a third guide wheel (38) is rotatably connected in the lifting frame (33). A support beam (34) is provided between the support beams (34), and a gearbox body (41) is provided on the top of the support beam (34). The input end of the gearbox body (41) is connected to the output end of the control motor (40), and the output end of the gearbox body (41) is connected to the winding wheel (35). The winding wheel (35) is rotatably connected in the support beam (34). The winding wheel (35) is wound around one end of the lifting rope (39), and the other end of the lifting rope (39) is wound around the third guide wheel (38), the second guide wheel (37) and the first guide wheel (36) in sequence, and fixed to the bottom of the support column (31). The first lifting beam (21) and the second lifting beam (22) of the fishway assembly (2) are symmetrically arranged on the lifting frame (33). The fishway assembly (2) consists of a first lifting beam (21), a second lifting beam (22), a third lifting beam (23), a first base plate (24), a second base plate (25), a third base plate (26), a vertical slot fishway (27), a simulated natural fishway (28), and a weir-type fishway (29). The bottom of the lifting frame (33) is provided with a third lifting beam (23). The first lifting beam (21), the second lifting beam (22), and the third lifting beam (23) are connected to the first base plate (24), the second base plate (25), and the third base plate (26) in sequence by lifting ropes. The top of the first base plate (24), the second base plate (25), and the third base plate (26) are respectively provided with a vertical slot fishway (27), a simulated natural fishway (28), and a weir-type fishway (29). The connecting beam (7) is connected to the hoisting top plate (8) by a hoisting rope; The connecting block (6) is fixed to the top of the semi-circular plate (5).

2. The dynamically adjustable fishway integrating different water depths and fish passage requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support (1) is symmetrically provided with fences (4) on both sides, and both ends of the fences (4) extend and are fixed to the outer wall of the support column (31).

3. The dynamically adjustable fishway integrating different water depths and fish passage requirements as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated natural fishway (28) creates a natural habitat by adding pebbles or emergent plants of different sizes inside the fishway to slow down the water flow. The vertical slot fishway (27) and the weir fishway (29) create different flow velocity zones by adding different types of baffles inside the fishway, including resting zones and bursting zones, to help fish cross the dam. The three different types of fishways can create different water flow environments. The type of fishway to be used depends on the different fish crossing objects corresponding to different fish crossing seasons. When there are many fish crossing objects, the three types of fishways can also be used vertically at the same time.

4. The method for using a dynamically adjustable fishway integrating different water depths and fish passage requirements as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: In use, the first lifting beam (21), the second lifting beam (22), and the third lifting beam (23) are arranged on the lifting frame (33) to support the first base plate (24), the second base plate (25), and the third base plate (26) respectively, which are equipped with vertical slot fishway (27), imitation natural fishway (28), and weir fishway (29). After the overall structure is installed, the vertical slot fishway (27), the imitation natural fishway (28), and the weir fishway (29) provide corresponding fish passages for different types of fish. The vertical slot fishway (27) and the weir fishway (29) have different types of baffles inside to create different flow velocity zones, including rest areas. The area and sprint burst zone are used to assist fish in crossing the dam. Different pebbles or emergent plants of different sizes are added inside the simulated natural fishway (28) to slow down the water flow speed. When adjusting the height position, the set control motor (40) drives the gearbox body (41) to run. The gearbox body (41) controls the winding wheel (35) to wind up and down the lifting rope (39). Under the winding cooperation of the first guide wheel (36), the second guide wheel (37) and the third guide wheel (38), the limit block (32) and the lifting frame (33) move up and down along the support column (31) to automatically adjust the height position of the fishway and realize the coordinated fish crossing effect for different water depths and different fish crossing objects.

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