Semi-active anti-overturning device applied to large-aspect-ratio seismic isolation building

Abstract

The application discloses a semi-active anti-overturning device applied to a large-height-width-ratio shock insulation building, and comprises an overturning sensor and a semi-active anti-pulling component. The overturning sensor is arranged between a bottom layer of a shock insulation layer and a top layer of the shock insulation layer and is adapted to a shock insulation support to detect whether the vertical displacement of the shock insulation layer exceeds a safety limit value. The semi-active anti-pulling component is arranged between the bottom layer of the shock insulation layer and the top layer of the shock insulation layer and can be switched between an anti-pulling and non-anti-pushing state and a free expansion state. When the vertical displacement detected by the overturning sensor exceeds the safety limit value, the semi-active anti-pulling component is switched to the anti-pulling and non-anti-pushing state; when the vertical displacement detected by the overturning sensor does not exceed the safety limit value, the semi-active anti-pulling component is switched to the free expansion state. The application can avoid the overturning damage of the large-height-width-ratio shock insulation building, can realize the anti-pulling protection of the shock insulation support under the action of an earthquake, can maintain the original horizontal shock insulation performance of the shock insulation layer, has low requirements on the installation space and can be arranged flexibly in the shock insulation layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to a semi-active anti-overturning device for seismic isolation buildings with a large height-to-width ratio. Background Technology

[0002] Base isolation technology effectively reduces the input of seismic energy to the building structure by installing seismic isolation bearings at the base of each column, thereby protecting the safety of the building structure and its internal equipment.

[0003] With the development of the civil engineering industry, more and more high-rise buildings have seismic isolation requirements. Under seismic action, high-rise buildings with a large height-to-width ratio are prone to tensile stress in their bottom edge columns due to overturning moment. However, conventional building seismic isolation bearings have poor tensile strength and are unable to resist the tensile force brought about by building overturning, making it difficult to prevent building overturning. Although current technologies can improve the tensile strength of rubber seismic isolation bearings and elastic sliding bearings to prevent building overturning, their applicability to friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings is poor, and their locked state can seriously affect the horizontal seismic isolation performance of the isolation layer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, which can prevent the overturning failure of seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, can achieve pull-out protection of seismic isolation bearings under seismic action, maintain the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer, and has low installation space requirements and can be flexibly arranged within the seismic isolation layer.

[0005] The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a high aspect ratio, according to an embodiment of the present invention, includes:

[0006] An overturning sensor is used to be installed between the bottom layer and the top layer of the seismic isolation layer and adapted to the seismic isolation support to detect whether the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer exceeds the safety limit.

[0007] A semi-active pull-out resisting component is used to be disposed between the bottom layer and the top layer of the seismic isolation layer, and can switch between a pull-out resisting but not pushing state and a free expansion and contraction state.

[0008] When the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component switches to the pull-out but not push-out state.

[0009] When the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor does not exceed the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component enters the free extension / retraction state.

[0010] The working principle of the semi-active anti-overturning device for high aspect ratio seismic isolation buildings according to this invention is as follows: When the seismic isolation bearing is under compression, the semi-active anti-pull-out component can freely expand and contract, avoiding affecting the overall horizontal stiffness of the seismic isolation layer and maintaining the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer. When the seismic isolation bearing is under tension, and the overturning sensor detects that the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer under tension reaches or exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active anti-pull-out component switches to a tension-resistant but not thrust-resistant state. This allows the seismic isolation layer to still move horizontally while restricting its vertical displacement, thereby protecting the seismic isolation bearing and preventing the high aspect ratio seismic isolation building from overturning.

[0011] In summary, the semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, according to the embodiments of the present invention, has the following technical effects: it avoids overturning damage to seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, achieves pull-out protection of the seismic isolation bearings under seismic action, maintains the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer, and has low requirements for installation space, allowing for flexible arrangement within the seismic isolation layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tilt sensor includes an upper fixed portion, a lower suspended probe, a compensation pendulum, a first electrical contact piece, and a second electrical contact piece; the upper fixed portion is suspended on the top layer of the vibration isolation layer; the lower suspended probe is slidably connected to the upper fixed portion, and the lower end of the lower suspended probe is freely movable and abuts against the compensation pendulum; the compensation pendulum is fixed on the bottom layer of the vibration isolation layer; the first electrical contact piece is insulatedly fixed to the upper fixed portion, and the second electrical contact piece is insulatedly fixed to the lower suspended probe and located above the first electrical contact piece;

[0013] When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the vertical displacement exceeds the safety limit, and the semi-active pull-out component enters the pull-out but not push-out state.

[0014] When the second electrical contact separates from the first electrical contact, and the vertical displacement does not exceed the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component enters the free extension / retraction state.

[0015] In some embodiments, a sphere is fixed to the lower end of the lower suspension rod; the compensation pendulum has a pendulum surface, which is adjusted according to the type of the seismic isolation bearing. When the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing does not cause vertical deformation, the pendulum surface of the compensation pendulum is designed to be horizontal; when the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing automatically causes vertical deformation, the shape of the pendulum surface is designed to deform synchronously with the seismic isolation bearing.

[0016] In some embodiments, the upper fixing portion includes an upper fixing end, a lower fixing end, and multiple rods connecting the upper fixing end and the lower fixing end; a sliding member is fixed to the upper part of the lower suspension measuring rod, and the sliding member is slidably engaged between the multiple rods.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first electrical contact piece is fixed to the upper surface of the lower fixed end, and the second electrical contact piece is fixed to the slider.

[0018] In some embodiments, the semi-active pull-out assembly includes a cylinder, a piston rod, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a control valve; the piston rod extends into the cylinder from the upper end of the cylinder and slides with the cylinder, and the piston on the piston rod divides the cylinder cavity of the cylinder into an upper cylinder cavity and a lower cylinder cavity; the two ends of the first connecting pipe are respectively connected to the upper cylinder cavity and the control valve, and the two ends of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected to the lower cylinder cavity and the control valve;

[0019] When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the control valve can only allow the fluid to flow from the lower cylinder chamber into the upper cylinder chamber, but not from the upper cylinder chamber into the lower cylinder chamber, thereby enabling the semi-active pull-out assembly to enter the pull-out but not push-out state.

[0020] When the second electrical contact piece separates from the first electrical contact piece, the control valve controls the fluid to flow from the lower cylinder chamber into the upper cylinder chamber and from the upper cylinder chamber into the lower cylinder chamber, thereby enabling the semi-active pull-out assembly to enter the free extension / retraction state.

[0021] In some embodiments, the upper end of the piston rod is connected to the top layer of the vibration isolation layer via an upper universal joint, and the lower end of the cylinder is connected to the bottom layer of the vibration isolation layer via a lower universal joint.

[0022] In some embodiments, the control valve includes a cartridge valve and a one-way solenoid valve; the cartridge valve includes a first main oil port, a second main oil port, and a pressure control port; the first main oil port is connected to the upper cylinder chamber through a first connecting pipe, the second main oil port is connected to the lower cylinder chamber through a second connecting pipe, the pressure control port is connected to one end of the one-way solenoid valve through a third connecting pipe, and the other end of the one-way solenoid valve is connected to the second connecting pipe through a fourth connecting pipe;

[0023] When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the one-way solenoid valve is energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port into the first main oil port, but preventing fluid from flowing from the first main oil port into the second main oil port.

[0024] When the second electrical contact separates from the first electrical contact, the one-way solenoid valve is de-energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port into the first main oil port, and vice versa.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first electrical contact, the one-way solenoid valve, and the second electrical contact are connected in series, and a power supply is provided between the first electrical contact and the one-way solenoid valve or between the second electrical contact and the one-way solenoid valve, thereby forming a control circuit.

[0026] In some embodiments, the semi-active pull-out resisting components are arranged at the locations where the seismic isolation layer is most easily lifted, and at least two of the semi-active pull-out resisting components should be arranged in the horizontal direction at each location.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the semi-active anti-tipping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the semi-active anti-overturning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tilt sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tilt sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the semi-active pull-out resisting component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the cylinder of the semi-active pull-out resisting component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the control valve of the semi-active pull-out component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the semi-active anti-tipping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the semi-active anti-tipping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: Semi-active anti-tipping device 1000; Tipping sensor 100; Upper fixed part 101; Upper fixed end 1011; Lower fixed end 1012; Rod rib 1013; Lower suspended measuring rod 102; Ball 1021; Compensation pendulum 103; First electrical contact piece 104; Second electrical contact piece 105; Sliding element 106; Rod rib support 107; Guide cylinder 108; Insulating element 109; Semi-active anti-pull-out assembly 200; Cylinder body 201; Upper cylinder cavity 2011; Lower cylinder Cavity 2012; Piston rod 202; First connecting pipe 203; Second connecting pipe 204; Control valve 205; Cartridge valve 2051; First main oil port 20511; Second main oil port 20512; Pressure control port 20513; One-way solenoid valve 2052; Third connecting pipe 2053; Fourth connecting pipe 2054; Vibration isolation layer 300; Top layer of vibration isolation layer 301; Bottom layer of vibration isolation layer 302; Vibration isolation support 303; Upper universal joint 400; Lower universal joint 500; Power supply 600. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 9 This invention describes a semi-active anti-overturning device 1000 applied to a seismically isolated building with a high height-to-width ratio.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the semi-active anti-overturning device 1000 for seismically isolated buildings with a high height-to-width ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an overturning sensor 100 and a semi-active anti-pull-out component 200.

[0042] Specifically, the overturning sensor 100 is installed between the bottom layer 302 and the top layer 301 of the seismic isolation layer and is adapted to the seismic isolation bearing 303 to detect whether the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit. It can be understood that the overturning sensor 100, like the seismic isolation bearing 303, is installed between the bottom layer 302 and the top layer 301 of the seismic isolation layer. Because the overturning sensor 100 is adapted to the seismic isolation bearing 303, it can move synchronously with the seismic isolation bearing 303, effectively detecting whether the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation bearing 303 exceeds the safety limit, that is, detecting whether the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit.

[0043] The semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 is installed between the bottom layer 302 and the top layer 301 of the seismic isolation layer, and can switch between a pull-out resisting but not pushing state and a free expansion and contraction state. It is understood that the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200, like the overturning sensor 100, is installed between the bottom layer 302 and the top layer 301 of the seismic isolation layer. The semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 has two states: a pull-out resisting but not pushing state and a free expansion and contraction state. When the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 is in the pull-out resisting but not pushing state, it can only compress and cannot extend. When the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 is in the free expansion and contraction state, it can freely compress and extend.

[0044] When the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor 100 exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 switches to a pull-out but not push-out resisting state; when the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor 100 does not exceed the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 switches to a free expansion and contraction state. It can be understood that the safety limit is the limit value of the tensile vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300. When the vertical tensile displacement of the isolation layer 300 is within the safety limit, the high-height-to-width ratio isolation building will not overturn. When the vertical tensile displacement of the isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit, the high-height-to-width ratio isolation building is very likely to overturn. Therefore, when the isolation layer 300 is under tension, i.e., the isolation bearing 303 is under tension, and the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement of the isolation bearing 303 under tension reaches or exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the pull-out but not push-out state, that is, the semi-active pull-out component 200 can only compress and cannot elongate, which can prevent the isolation bearing 303 from being further tensioned and bring the vertical tensile displacement of the isolation bearing 303 back to the safety limit range, thus restricting the vertical displacement of the high height-to-width ratio isolation building. In this way, while the isolation layer 300 can still move horizontally, the vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 is restricted, thereby preventing the isolation bearing 303 from being further tensioned and damaged, and preventing the high height-to-width ratio isolation building from overturning. When the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation bearing 303 is within the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the free expansion and contraction state to avoid affecting the overall horizontal stiffness of the seismic isolation layer 300 and maintain the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer 300.

[0045] The working principle of the semi-active anti-overturning device 1000 applied to a high-height-width-ratio seismic isolation building according to this invention is as follows: When the seismic isolation bearing 303 is under compression, the semi-active anti-pull component 200 can freely extend and retract, avoiding affecting the overall horizontal stiffness of the seismic isolation layer 300 and maintaining the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer 300. When the seismic isolation bearing 303 is under tension, and the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300 under tension reaches or exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active anti-pull component 200 enters a tensile but not push-resistant state, thereby allowing the seismic isolation layer 300 to still move horizontally while restricting the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300, thus protecting the seismic isolation bearing 303 and preventing the high-height-width-ratio seismic isolation building from overturning.

[0046] In summary, the semi-active anti-overturning device 1000 for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, according to the embodiments of the present invention, has the following technical effects: it avoids overturning damage to seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, achieves pull-out protection for the seismic isolation bearing 303 under seismic action, maintains the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer 300, and has low requirements for installation space, allowing for flexible arrangement within the seismic isolation layer 300.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the tilt sensor 100 includes an upper fixed part 101, a lower suspended probe 102, a compensation pendulum 103, a first electrical contact 104, and a second electrical contact 105. The upper fixed part 101 is suspended on the top layer 301 of the vibration isolation layer; the lower suspended probe 102 is slidably connected to the upper fixed part 101, and its lower end is freely movable and abuts against the compensation pendulum 103; the compensation pendulum 103 is fixed on the bottom layer 302 of the vibration isolation layer; the first electrical contact 104 is insulatedly fixed to the upper fixed part 101, and the second electrical contact 105 is insulatedly fixed to the lower suspended probe 102 and located above the first electrical contact 104.

[0048] When the second electrical contact 105 contacts the first electrical contact 104, and the vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the pull-out but not push-out state. When the second electrical contact 105 separates from the first electrical contact 104, and the vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 does not exceed the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the free expansion and contraction state.

[0049] It should be explained that, to meet usage requirements, the upper fixed part 101 and the lower suspended measuring rod 102 are typically made of metal. Metal has good conductivity. To prevent voltage buildup in the upper fixed part 101 and the lower suspended measuring rod 102 and to ensure the normal and safe operation of the tilt sensor 100, the first electrical contact 104 and the upper fixed part 101, as well as the second electrical contact 105 and the lower suspended measuring rod 102, require insulated connections, for example, through insulating components 109, such as rubber components. The swing surface of the compensation oscillator 103 (i.e., the contact surface allowing free movement of the lower end of the lower suspended measuring rod 102) can be adjusted according to the type of seismic isolation support 303, so that the tilt sensor 100 can adapt to various types of seismic isolation supports 303, enabling accurate measurement and detection of the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation support 303. When the overturning sensor 100 is used with a vibration isolation bearing 303 such as a rubber vibration isolation bearing 303 or an elastic sliding vibration isolation bearing 303, where horizontal deformation does not cause vertical deformation, the swing surface of the compensation pendulum 103 can be designed as a plane for operation. When the overturning sensor 100 is used with a vibration isolation bearing 303 such as a friction pendulum vibration isolation bearing 303, where horizontal deformation automatically causes vertical deformation, the swing surface of the compensation pendulum 103 can be designed to deform synchronously with the vibration isolation bearing 303, so that the vertical deformation measured by the overturning sensor 100 is the vertical deformation caused by the force on the vibration isolation bearing 303. This overturning sensor 100 has wide applicability.

[0050] When the overturning sensor 100 works in conjunction with the seismic isolation bearing 303, the upper fixed part 101 and the compensation pendulum 103 are respectively fixed on the top layer 301 and the bottom layer 302 of the seismic isolation layer. The lower suspended measuring rod 102 is vertically slidably connected to the upper fixed part 101, and the lower end of the lower suspended measuring rod 102 floats on the compensation pendulum 103. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, the overturning sensor 100 can move synchronously with the seismic isolation bearing 303. When the seismic isolation bearing 303 is under compression, the first electrical contact piece 104 and the second electrical contact piece 105 in the overturning sensor 100 separate from each other, and the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters a free extension and contraction state, avoiding affecting the overall horizontal stiffness of the seismic isolation layer 300 and maintaining the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer 300. When the seismic isolation bearing 303 is under tension, and the upper fixed part 101 and the lower suspended measuring rod 102 move synchronously under tension along with the seismic isolation bearing 303, when the first electrical contact piece 104 and the second electrical contact piece 105 come into contact with each other, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the pull-out but not push-out state. This allows the seismic isolation layer 300 to still move horizontally while restricting the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300, thereby preventing the seismic isolation bearing 303 from being under tension and preventing the overturning and damage of seismic isolation buildings with a large height-to-width ratio. This achieves pull-out protection of the seismic isolation bearing 303 under seismic action and maintains the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation layer 300.

[0051] The tilt sensor 100 has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, and can effectively detect whether the vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit.

[0052] In some embodiments, the initial distance between the first electrical contact piece 104 and the second electrical contact piece 105 is set as the distance from when the seismic isolation support 303 begins to be under tension until the tension reaches a safe limit. In this way, when the first electrical contact piece 104 and the second electrical contact piece 105 come into contact, the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 303 reaches or exceeds the safe limit.

[0053] In some embodiments, a ball 1021 is fixed to the lower end of the lower suspended measuring rod 102. The ball 1021 facilitates smoother movement of the lower suspended measuring rod 102 relative to the compensation pendulum 103. The compensation pendulum 103 has a pendulum surface, which is a contact surface for the ball 1021 at the lower end of the lower suspended measuring rod 102 to move freely. This pendulum surface is adjusted according to the type of seismic isolation bearing 303. When the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing 303 does not cause vertical deformation, the pendulum surface of the compensation pendulum 103 is designed to be horizontal; when the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing 303 automatically causes vertical deformation, the shape of the pendulum surface is designed to deform synchronously with the seismic isolation bearing 303, for example, referring to… Figure 2 As shown, the sliding surface of the seismic isolation bearing 303 is curved, and the shape of the pendulum surface is designed to be a curved surface consistent with the sliding surface of the seismic isolation bearing 303. Therefore, by adjusting the pendulum surface according to the type of seismic isolation bearing 303, the overturning sensor 100 can be widely applied.

[0054] In some embodiments, the upper fixing portion 101 includes an upper fixing end 1011, a lower fixing end 1012, and multiple rods 1013 connected to the upper fixing end 1011 and the lower fixing end 1012; a sliding member 106 is fixed to the upper part of the lower suspended measuring rod 102, and the sliding member 106 is slidably engaged between the multiple rods 1013.

[0055] Specifically, the upper fixed end 1011, the lower fixed end 1012, and the multiple reinforcing bars 1013 connected to the upper fixed end 1011 and the lower fixed end 1012 are fixed together and fixed to the top layer 301 of the seismic isolation layer. Among them, the sliding member 106 fixed to the lower suspended measuring rod 102 is slidably connected to the multiple reinforcing bars 1013 in an insulated manner. The shape of the sliding member 106 can be designed according to the number of reinforcing bars 1013. For example, when there are four reinforcing bars 1013, the shape of the sliding member 106 can be cross-shaped.

[0056] The tilt sensor 100 has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, and can effectively detect whether the vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 exceeds the safety limit.

[0057] In some embodiments, the multiple reinforcing bars 1013 are further supported by reinforcing bar supports 107 to ensure the structural stability of the upper fixed portion 101.

[0058] In some embodiments, the tilt sensor 100 further includes a guide cylinder 108, the upper end of which is fixed to the lower fixed end 1012, and the lower suspended probe 102 slidably passes through the guide cylinder 108. The guide cylinder 108 guides the lower suspended probe 102, allowing the lower suspended probe 102 to slide up and down more stably.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first electrical contact 104 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower fixed end 1012, and the second electrical contact 105 is fixed to the slider 106. The first electrical contact may be annular, and the second electrical contact 105 is an elastic electrical contact, resulting in a reasonable structural arrangement.

[0060] In some embodiments, the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 includes a cylinder 201, a piston rod 202, a first connecting pipe 203, a second connecting pipe 204, and a control valve 205. The piston rod 202 extends into the cylinder 201 from the upper end and slides in cooperation with the cylinder 201. The piston on the piston rod 202 divides the cylinder cavity of the cylinder 201 into an upper cylinder cavity 2011 and a lower cylinder cavity 2012. The two ends of the first connecting pipe 203 are respectively connected to the upper cylinder cavity 2011 and the control valve 205, and the two ends of the second connecting pipe 204 are respectively connected to the lower cylinder cavity 2012 and the control valve 205.

[0061] When the second electrical contact 105 contacts the first electrical contact 104, the control valve 205 controls the fluid to flow only from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 into the upper cylinder chamber 2011, and not from the upper cylinder chamber 2011 into the lower cylinder chamber 2012. That is, the fluid in the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 can only flow in one direction. In other words, the fluid can only enter the upper cylinder chamber 2011 from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 through the second connecting pipe 204, the control valve 205, and the first connecting pipe 203, forcing the piston rod 202 to move down, so that the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 can only shorten and cannot extend, thereby realizing that the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 is in a pull-out but not push-out state.

[0062] When the second electrical contact 105 separates from the first electrical contact 104, the control valve 205 controls the fluid to flow from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 into the upper cylinder chamber 2011 and from the upper cylinder chamber 2011 into the lower cylinder chamber 2012. That is, the fluid in the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 achieves bidirectional flow. In other words, the fluid can enter the upper cylinder chamber 2011 from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 through the second connecting pipe 204, the control valve 205, and the first connecting pipe 203 to force the piston rod 202 to move downward, or it can enter the lower cylinder chamber 2012 from the upper cylinder chamber 2011 through the first connecting pipe 203, the control valve 205, and the second connecting pipe 204 to force the piston rod 202 to extend, thereby realizing the semi-active pull-out assembly 200 entering the free extension and retraction state.

[0063] Understandably, under seismic action, when the second electrical contact piece 105 contacts the first electrical contact piece 104, it means that the tensile vertical displacement of the isolation layer 300 has reached or exceeded the safety limit. The control valve 205 controls the fluid to flow only from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 into the upper cylinder chamber 2011, and not from the upper cylinder chamber 2011 into the lower cylinder chamber 2012. This switches the semi-active pull-out component 200 into a pull-out but not push-out state, thereby preventing the tensile vertical displacement of the high-height-width ratio isolation building from further increasing and causing it to overturn, and allowing the high-height-width ratio isolation building to gradually fall back. When the high-height-width ratio isolation building falls back, the semi-active pull-out component 200 can be compressed until the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement has returned to within the limit, that is, the second electrical contact piece 105 separates from the first electrical contact piece 104. At this time, the control valve 205 of the semi-active pull-out component 200 switches back to a bidirectional flow state, maintaining the original horizontal isolation performance of the isolation layer 300. The semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 has a simple structure, a clear force transmission path, a large pull-out resistance, and is easy to manufacture, which can effectively prevent buildings from overturning.

[0064] In some embodiments, the upper end of the piston rod 202 is connected to the top layer 301 of the vibration isolation layer via an upper universal joint 400, and the lower end of the cylinder 201 is connected to the bottom layer 302 of the vibration isolation layer via a lower universal joint 500. That is, when the vibration isolation layer 300 moves, by providing an upper universal joint 400 at the upper end of the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 and a lower universal joint 500 at the lower end, the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 can flexibly move in three dimensions in coordination with the vibration isolation layer 300, thus flexibly coping with vibration conditions and having greater applicability.

[0065] In some embodiments, the control valve 205 includes a cartridge valve 2051 and a one-way solenoid valve 2052; the cartridge valve 2051 includes a first main oil port 20511, a second main oil port 20512 and a pressure control port 20513; the first main oil port 20511 is connected to the upper cylinder chamber 2011 through a first connecting pipe 203, the second main oil port 20512 is connected to the lower cylinder chamber 2012 through a second connecting pipe 204, the pressure control port 20513 is connected to one end of the one-way solenoid valve 2052 through a third connecting pipe 2053, and the other end of the one-way solenoid valve 2052 is connected to the second connecting pipe 204 through a fourth connecting pipe 2054.

[0066] When the second electrical contact 105 contacts the first electrical contact 104, the one-way solenoid valve 2052 is energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port 20512 into the first main oil port 20511, but preventing fluid from flowing from the first main oil port 20511 into the second main oil port 20512. When the second electrical contact 105 separates from the first electrical contact 104, the one-way solenoid valve 2052 is de-energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port 20512 into the first main oil port 20511, and vice versa.

[0067] It is understandable that, such as Figure 7As shown, when the pressure on the pressure control port 20513 side is greater than the sum of the pressures on the first main oil port 20511 side and the second main oil port 20512 side, flow is not possible between the first main oil port 20511 and the second main oil port 20512. When the pressure on the pressure control port 20513 side is less than the sum of the pressures on the first main oil port 20511 and the second main oil port 20512 side, flow is possible between the first main oil port 20511 and the second main oil port 20512. When the one-way solenoid valve 2052 is de-energized, fluid can only pass through the one-way solenoid valve 2052 from top to bottom; when energized, fluid can pass through the one-way solenoid valve 2052 in both directions. Therefore, the behavior of the entire control valve 205 is as follows: when energized, the pressure on the second main oil port 20512 side is equal to that on the pressure control port 20513 side. Therefore, when the liquid flows from the second main oil port 20512 to the first main oil port 20511, the pressure on the pressure control port 20513 side is equal to the pressure on the second main oil port 20512 side, which is greater than the pressure on the first main oil port 20511 side, and the cartridge valve 2051 is closed. When the fluid flows from the first main oil port 20511 to the second main oil port 20512, the pressure on the pressure control port 20513 side is equal to the pressure on the second main oil port 20512 side, which is less than the pressure on the first main oil port 20511 side, and the cartridge valve 2051 is opened. When power is off, the pressure at pressure control port 20513 remains constant. Therefore, regardless of whether the pressure at the first main oil port 20511 or the second main oil port 20512 increases, the cartridge valve 2051 will open. Thus, when energized, fluid can only flow unidirectionally from the first main oil port 20511 to the second main oil port 20512; when power is off, fluid can flow bidirectionally between the first and second main oil ports 20511 and 20512.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first electrical contact 104, the one-way solenoid valve 2052, and the second electrical contact 105 are connected in series. A power supply 600 is provided between the first electrical contact 104 and the one-way solenoid valve 2052, or between the second electrical contact 105 and the one-way solenoid valve 2052, thereby forming a control circuit. This allows the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 to switch between a pull-out-without-push state and a free extension / retraction state according to the contact and separation status of the first electrical contact 104 and the second electrical contact 105 in the overturning sensor 100. When the first electrical contact 104 contacts the second electrical contact 105, the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 switches to the pull-out-without-push state; when the first electrical contact 104 separates from the second electrical contact 105, the semi-active pull-out resisting component 200 switches to the free extension / retraction state.

[0069] In some embodiments, the semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 are arranged at the positions where the isolation layer 300 is most easily lifted, and at least two semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 should be arranged in the horizontal direction at each arrangement position.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 can be installed at the four corners of the building's isolation layer 300. At each corner, multiple semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 and one overturning sensor 100 form an anti-overturning unit. Each anti-overturning unit should have at least two semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 arranged horizontally to achieve an anti-overturning effect and prevent overturning damage to isolation buildings with a large height-to-width ratio. The semi-active pull-out resisting components 200 have a simple structure, low installation space requirements, and are easy to install, allowing for flexible arrangement within the isolation layer 300.

[0071] See Figures 1 to 9 The following is a specific example illustrating the working process of the semi-active anti-overturning device 1000 applied to a high aspect ratio seismic isolation building according to an embodiment of the present invention:

[0072] Under the action of an earthquake, the seismic isolation bearing 303 is in a tensile state. When the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer 300 under tension reaches or exceeds the safety limit, the second electrical contact piece 105 contacts the first electrical contact piece 104, and the control valve 205 is energized. When the control valve 205 is energized, the fluid can only flow unidirectionally from the first main oil port 20511 to the second main oil port 20512, and the fluid can only flow from the lower cylinder chamber 2012 into the upper cylinder chamber 2011. At this time, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the pull-out but not push-out state, thereby preventing the vertical displacement of the high height-to-width ratio seismic isolation building from further increasing and overturning. The high height-to-width ratio seismic isolation building gradually falls back by compressing the semi-active pull-out component 200. When the overturning sensor 100 detects that the vertical displacement has returned to within the safety limit, the vibration isolation support 303 is under pressure, the second electrical contact piece 105 separates from the first electrical contact piece 104, the control valve 205 of the semi-active pull-out component 200 is de-energized, when the control valve 205 is de-energized, the fluid can flow bidirectionally between the first main oil port 20511 and the second main oil port 20512, the upper cylinder chamber 2011 and the lower cylinder chamber 2012 can flow bidirectionally, the semi-active pull-out component 200 enters the free extension and retraction state, and maintains the original horizontal vibration isolation performance of the vibration isolation layer 300.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio, characterized in that, include: An overturning sensor is used to be installed between the bottom layer and the top layer of the seismic isolation layer and adapted to the seismic isolation support to detect whether the vertical displacement of the seismic isolation layer exceeds the safety limit. A semi-active pull-out resisting component is used to be disposed between the bottom layer and the top layer of the seismic isolation layer, and can switch between a pull-out resisting but not pushing state and a free expansion and contraction state. When the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor exceeds the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component switches to the pull-out but not push-out state. When the vertical displacement measured by the overturning sensor does not exceed the safety limit, the semi-active pull-out component enters the free extension and retraction state. The tilt sensor includes an upper fixed part, a lower suspended probe, a compensation pendulum, a first electrical contact piece, and a second electrical contact piece; the upper fixed part is suspended on the top layer of the vibration isolation layer; the lower suspended probe is slidably connected to the upper fixed part, and the lower end of the lower suspended probe is freely movable and abuts against the compensation pendulum; the compensation pendulum is fixed on the bottom layer of the vibration isolation layer; the first electrical contact piece is insulatedly fixed to the upper fixed part, and the second electrical contact piece is insulatedly fixed to the lower suspended probe and located above the first electrical contact piece; When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the vertical displacement exceeds the safety limit, and the semi-active pull-out component enters the pull-out but not push-out state. When the second electrical contact piece separates from the first electrical contact piece, the vertical displacement does not exceed the safety limit, and the semi-active pull-out component enters the free extension and retraction state. The semi-active pull-out assembly includes a cylinder, a piston rod, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a control valve. The piston rod extends into the cylinder from the upper end of the cylinder and slides with the cylinder. The piston on the piston rod divides the cylinder cavity of the cylinder into an upper cylinder cavity and a lower cylinder cavity. The two ends of the first connecting pipe are respectively connected to the upper cylinder cavity and the control valve, and the two ends of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected to the lower cylinder cavity and the control valve. When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the control valve can only allow the fluid to flow from the lower cylinder chamber into the upper cylinder chamber, but not from the upper cylinder chamber into the lower cylinder chamber, thereby enabling the semi-active pull-out assembly to enter the pull-out but not push-out state. When the second electrical contact piece separates from the first electrical contact piece, the control valve controls the fluid to flow from the lower cylinder chamber into the upper cylinder chamber and from the upper cylinder chamber into the lower cylinder chamber, thereby enabling the semi-active pull-out assembly to enter the free extension and retraction state. The control valve includes a cartridge valve and a one-way solenoid valve; the cartridge valve includes a first main oil port, a second main oil port, and a pressure control port; the first main oil port is connected to the upper cylinder chamber through a first connecting pipe, the second main oil port is connected to the lower cylinder chamber through a second connecting pipe, the pressure control port is connected to one end of the one-way solenoid valve through a third connecting pipe, and the other end of the one-way solenoid valve is connected to the second connecting pipe through a fourth connecting pipe; When the second electrical contact piece contacts the first electrical contact piece, the one-way solenoid valve is energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port into the first main oil port, but preventing fluid from flowing from the first main oil port into the second main oil port. When the second electrical contact separates from the first electrical contact, the one-way solenoid valve is de-energized, allowing fluid to flow from the second main oil port into the first main oil port, and vice versa.

2. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sphere is fixed to the lower end of the lower suspension rod; when the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing does not cause vertical deformation, the swing surface of the compensation pendulum is designed to be horizontal; when the horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation bearing automatically causes vertical deformation, the shape of the swing surface is designed to deform synchronously with the seismic isolation bearing.

3. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper fixed part includes an upper fixed end, a lower fixed end, and multiple rods connecting the upper fixed end and the lower fixed end; a sliding member is fixed to the upper part of the lower suspended measuring rod, and the sliding member is slidably engaged between the multiple rods.

4. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first electrical contact piece is fixed to the upper surface of the lower fixed end, and the second electrical contact piece is fixed to the sliding member.

5. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the piston rod is connected to the top layer of the vibration isolation layer via an upper universal joint, and the lower end of the cylinder is connected to the bottom layer of the vibration isolation layer via a lower universal joint.

6. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrical contact, the one-way solenoid valve, and the second electrical contact are connected in series, and a power source is provided between the first electrical contact and the one-way solenoid valve or between the second electrical contact and the one-way solenoid valve, thereby forming a control circuit.

7. The semi-active anti-overturning device for seismically isolated buildings with a large height-to-width ratio according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The semi-active pull-out resisting components are arranged at the positions where the seismic isolation layer is most easily lifted, and at least two of the semi-active pull-out resisting components should be arranged in the horizontal direction at each arrangement position.

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