Hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports. The method includes acquiring the stress boundary conditions of the top beam and bottom plate under actual conditions using sensing components; if the specific pressure of the bottom plate is less than the compressive strength of the coal seam bottom plate, a dynamic model of the hydraulic support is directly created; if the specific pressure of the bottom plate is not less than the compressive strength of the coal seam bottom plate, the tilt angle of the hydraulic support under that specific pressure is introduced, and then a dynamic model of the hydraulic support is created; based on the aforementioned stress boundary conditions of the top beam, top plate, and bottom plate, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support; if the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support is less than a set threshold, a hazard warning is issued; if the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support is not less than the set threshold, the hydraulic support will not move under actual conditions. This method can analyze the actual operating status of a hydraulic support under a certain working condition, thereby playing a role in early warning of dangerous areas and timely verification and adjustment of subsequent operating modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining equipment technology, and more specifically, to a method for verifying and providing early warning of the strength of a hydraulic support. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic supports are devices used to control mine pressure in coal mining faces. Before being used for underground support, hydraulic supports need to undergo a series of loading tests, which are also commonly referred to as pressure tests. Only after passing the tests can the hydraulic supports be used underground.

[0003] Before the pressure test, mechanical simulation calculations of the support are required according to the requirements of different test types. The boundary conditions applied during the calculation are the test boundary conditions required by national standards. However, the actual boundary conditions of hydraulic supports under underground stress are very different from those of the pressure test, meaning that the actual boundary conditions are more complex. This results in a high damage rate for supports that pass the pressure test during underground use. Therefore, proposing a structural strength verification and hazardous area early warning scheme for hydraulic supports under actual working conditions has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] To address this, this invention proposes a method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports. This method is based on hydraulic supports equipped with sensing components. Under actual working conditions, the actual boundary condition parameters on the hydraulic support can be acquired at any time. These acquired parameters can then be used to establish a dynamic model of the hydraulic support. This dynamic model can then be used to analyze the actual operating status of the hydraulic support under a certain working condition, thereby providing early warning of dangerous areas and timely verification and adjustment of subsequent operating modes. Ultimately, this can reduce the failure rate and damage rate of hydraulic supports under actual operating conditions, ensuring the continuity of production.

[0006] The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method of this invention includes a hydraulic support comprising multiple structural components, each structural component including a component body and a sensing component. The component body has a mounting cavity, the sensing component is disposed in the mounting cavity, and the sensing component includes an optical fiber and two fixing plates. The optical fiber is disposed between the two fixing plates and extends in a bent manner. The optical fiber is provided with multiple gratings, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber. Each grating is used to deform when the component body deforms in order to output monitoring information.

[0007] The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method includes the following steps:

[0008] The force boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base are obtained under real-time conditions through sensing components.

[0009] Assess the specific pressure of the floor plate. If the specific pressure of the floor plate is less than the compressive strength of the coal seam floor plate, then directly create a dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the specific pressure of the floor plate is not less than the compressive strength of the coal seam floor plate, introduce the tilt angle of the hydraulic support under that specific pressure, and then create a dynamic model of the hydraulic support.

[0010] Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis was performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support.

[0011] The simulation analysis results are evaluated. If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support does not meet the set threshold, a danger warning is issued. If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support meets the set threshold, the hydraulic support will not move in the actual situation.

[0012] In some embodiments, the creation of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support includes the following steps: obtaining the stroke data of the hydraulic support's jacks under real-world conditions, and constructing a hydraulic support model based on the obtained stroke data of the jacks.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method further includes the following steps:

[0014] Identify the individual structural component that needs to be analyzed, and obtain the force boundary conditions of the structural component under actual conditions through sensing components;

[0015] Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the safety factor of the individual structural component does not meet the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued; otherwise, no hazard warning is issued.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method further includes the following steps:

[0017] Multiple structural components with kinematic relationships are constructed into a structural component model group;

[0018] Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the safety factor of the structural component model group does not meet the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued; otherwise, no hazard warning is issued.

[0019] In some embodiments, the component body includes two mounting plates arranged opposite to each other, and at least one of the two mounting plates has a groove on its sidewall facing each other, the interior space of the groove forming the mounting cavity.

[0020] In some embodiments, one of the mounting plates has a contact surface for contacting the coal wall, the mounting cavity is arranged parallel to and extends along the contact surface, and the thickness of the mounting cavity is not less than the thickness of the sensing component in the normal direction of the contact surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the mounting cavity is bent and extended, and both of the fixing plates are bendable to make the sensing component bendable;

[0022] And / or, the optical fiber is spirally coiled or bent repeatedly in a plane parallel to the contact surface, and the plurality of gratings are evenly distributed in a plane parallel to the contact surface.

[0023] In some embodiments, the two mounting plates are fitted and sealed together, and the mounting cavity is filled with a filler that fills the space between the sensing component and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

[0024] In some embodiments, the fixing plate is made of at least one of the following materials: fiberglass board, carbon fiber board, steel plate, lining cloth, rubber, and polyurethane.

[0025] In some embodiments, the two fixing plates are made of different materials, and at least one of the two fixing plates is flexibly deformable.

[0026] Beneficial Effects: The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method of this invention is based on a hydraulic support equipped with sensing components. Under actual working conditions, the actual boundary condition parameters on the hydraulic support can be obtained at any time. Then, a dynamic model of the hydraulic support can be established using these actual parameters. The dynamic model of the hydraulic support can then be used to analyze the actual operating status of the hydraulic support under a certain working condition. This can play a role in early warning of dangerous areas and timely verification and adjustment of subsequent operating modes, thereby reducing the failure rate and damage rate of the hydraulic support under actual operating conditions and ensuring the continuity of production. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of the overall strength verification and early warning of the hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a logic block diagram for strength verification and early warning of a single or partial structural component of a hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a rear view of a structural component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3Schematic diagram of cross-section at point AA.

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the front side of the middle structural component.

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of cross-section at point BB.

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the sensing component.

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A cross-sectional view at point CC.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an installation plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Schematic diagram of cross-section at point DD.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing component according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing component according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a structural component according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of cross-section at EE.

[0041] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0042] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the sensing component.

[0043] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 Schematic diagram of cross-section at FF.

[0044] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a mounting plate.

[0045] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 Cross-sectional view of the middle GG section.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] Component body 1; opening 11; mounting plate 12; contact surface 121; groove 122; mounting cavity 13;

[0048] Interface 2;

[0049] Sensing component 3; optical fiber 31; fixing plate 32; perforation 321; first plate 322; second plate 323; grating 33. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method of this invention is based on the hydraulic support proposed in this invention. The hydraulic support of this invention includes multiple structural components, such as side guard plates, top beams, bases, telescopic beams, shield beams, front connecting rods, rear connecting rods, tail beams, insert plates, push rods, etc.

[0052] The structural component includes a body 1, a sensing assembly 3, and an interface 2. The body 1 has a mounting cavity 13 and an opening 11, with the opening 11 communicating with the mounting cavity 13. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the component body 1 can generally be flat, and specifically, it can be a side plate of a hydraulic support, etc. The component body 1 can include a flat plate structure, and the mounting cavity 13 can be located within the flat plate structure of the component body 1. The opening 11 can be located in the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 13, specifically, as shown... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the opening 11 can be located on the rear side of the component body 1, the front end of the opening 11 can communicate with the mounting cavity 13, and the rear end of the opening 11 can communicate with the outer surface of the component body 1.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the sensing component 3 is disposed within the mounting cavity 13, and the sensing component 3 includes an optical fiber 31 and two fixing plates 32. Both fixing plates 32 can be flat and can be arranged opposite each other in the front-to-back direction. The optical fiber 31 is disposed between the two fixing plates 32 and can bend and extend along the cavity between the two fixing plates 32. Figure 7 As shown, the optical fiber 31 is provided with a plurality of gratings 33, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber 31. For example, the plurality of gratings 33 can be arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber 31.

[0054] Each grating 33 is used to deform when the component body 1 deforms in order to output monitoring information. Specifically, under actual working conditions, the temperature and pressure of the component body 1 will cause the component body 1 to deform. The deformation of the corresponding position of the component body 1 will be transmitted to the corresponding grating 33 and cause the grating 33 to deform. The deformed grating 33 will reflect different wavelengths of broadband light. By using the difference in light wave reflection, corresponding monitoring information can be generated, thereby enabling the measurement of temperature, pressure, displacement, etc.

[0055] The above arrangement can monitor multiple measurement points over a large area of ​​the component body 1 using only one optical fiber 31. Compared with the existing technology, which requires multiple sensors and wires to be connected to each sensor, this reduces the complexity of the structural arrangement and the overall cost.

[0056] The fixing plate 32 is provided with a through hole 321, which is arranged opposite to the opening 11 so that the optical fiber 31 can pass through the through hole 321 and the opening 11. For example, Figure 7 As shown, the perforation 321 can be a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the perforation 321 can be vertical. During installation, the perforation 321 can be arranged opposite to the opening 11 on the component body 1. Thus, the optical fiber 31 in the mounting cavity 13 can extend to the outside of the component body 1 through the perforation 321 and the opening 11 in sequence, thereby facilitating the external connection and installation of the optical fiber 31.

[0057] Interface 2 is fixed at the opening 11 of the body 1, and interface 2 is connected to optical fiber 31. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, interface 2 can be fixed in the opening 11 of the body 1 by means of threaded assembly, plug-in fixing, etc., and the end of the optical fiber 31 can be connected to interface 2. In use, interface 2 can be connected to an external armored optical cable, which in turn is connected to a demodulator. The demodulator can convert the monitoring information monitored by the grating 33 on the optical fiber 31 into data such as strain, thereby facilitating the acquisition of intuitive monitoring parameters and data.

[0058] In this embodiment of the hydraulic support, the sensing component 3 is pre-embedded in the support structure to be monitored, enabling real-time, multi-point deformation and stress monitoring. Furthermore, it abandons the existing method of monitoring the pressure in the lower chamber of the cylinder, directly measuring the deformation and stress of key parts of the support structure, resulting in a more direct measurement method and more accurate data.

[0059] Secondly, it can collect data from multiple points within a certain area, resulting in a large and more comprehensive data acquisition volume. In addition, the optical fiber 31 is embedded in two steel plates (mounting plate 12), which are welded together, providing better protection for the optical fiber 31 and making it less prone to breakage.

[0060] Based on the aforementioned hydraulic support, this invention also proposes a method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Obtain the actual force boundary conditions of the top beam and the base plate through the sensing component 3. Specifically, the top plate and the base of the hydraulic support are both structural components, and the aforementioned sensing component 3 is pre-embedded in both the top plate and the base.

[0062] During actual mining operations, the boundary conditions around the hydraulic support change due to mining activity. The multiple gratings 33 of the sensing component 3 in the roof can monitor the pressure exerted on the roof beam by the overlying rock strata at the corresponding locations. The set of these collected pressure values ​​can be considered as the stress boundary conditions of the hydraulic support's roof beam. Similarly, the multiple gratings 33 on the base can monitor the pressure between the base and the roadway floor. The set of these pressure values ​​can be considered as the stress boundary conditions of the hydraulic support's base plate.

[0063] S2: Evaluate the specific pressure of the base plate, such as Figure 1 As shown, if the specific pressure of the bottom plate is less than the compressive strength of the coal seam bottom plate, then a dynamic model of the hydraulic support is directly created.

[0064] If the specific pressure of the bottom plate is not less than the compressive strength of the coal seam bottom plate, there is a possibility of the bottom plate sinking. Therefore, a warning can be issued for the bottom plate sinking. After receiving the warning, the staff can take certain measures to prevent the bottom plate sinking from happening.

[0065] After the base is tested for grounding warning, the tilt angle of the hydraulic support under this specific pressure can be introduced, and then a dynamic model of the hydraulic support can be created. Specifically, tilt sensors can be pre-embedded in the base of the hydraulic support. These sensors can monitor the tilt angle of the base in real time. Therefore, when creating the dynamic model of the hydraulic support, the tilt angle under this working condition needs to be used as a creation condition, making the simulation analysis of the hydraulic support closer to the real working condition. It should be noted that the creation of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support can be achieved using wired element simulation software, etc.

[0066] S3: Based on the aforementioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the base plate, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. Specifically, after the dynamic model of the hydraulic support is created, the boundary conditions of the top beam and the base plate collected by the built-in sensing components 3 of the top beam and the base can be applied to the created dynamic model of the hydraulic support, so that the simulation analysis of the hydraulic support under the corresponding actual working conditions can be performed according to the actual boundary conditions.

[0067] S4: Evaluate the simulation analysis results. If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support is less than a set threshold, issue a hazard warning. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, the threshold can be the ratio of the maximum load capacity of the hydraulic support to the design load. The safety factor of the hydraulic support should usually be more than 1.5 times the threshold. For example, when the simulated safety factor is less than 1.2, a hazard warning can be issued under this actual working condition.

[0068] In other embodiments, the simulated load on the hydraulic support can be directly compared with the maximum load that the hydraulic support can withstand. If the maximum load is exceeded, a hazard warning can be issued for that working condition.

[0069] If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support is not less than the set threshold, the hydraulic support will not move in the actual situation, that is, the hydraulic support can continue to operate and perform support work in this state.

[0070] In some embodiments, the creation of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support includes the following steps: obtaining the stroke data of the hydraulic support's jacks under real-world conditions, and constructing a hydraulic support model based on the obtained stroke data of the jacks.

[0071] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the jack can be regarded as the support cylinder of the hydraulic support. The stroke data of the jack can be the actual extension and retraction stroke of the hydraulic support under the working face. It should be noted that due to the influence of the working face height, the actual support height of the hydraulic support will differ from the design support height. By monitoring the stroke data of the jack, the actual support height change of the hydraulic support can be characterized, making the simulation process more in line with the actual working conditions.

[0072] It should be noted that the jack can be equipped with monitoring sensors, which can be used to monitor the extension and retraction of the jack under actual working conditions. During monitoring, the final travel data can be obtained by averaging the extension and retraction of the jack over several mining cycles.

[0073] The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method of this invention realizes the working condition simulation of the entire hydraulic support under the applied working condition, so as to obtain the specific operating conditions under the working condition through simulation, and can provide a danger warning when the operating conditions are not met, thereby fully ensuring the stability and safety of operation.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method further includes the following steps:

[0075] A1: Identify the individual structural component to be analyzed and obtain its stress boundary conditions under actual conditions using sensing component 3. For example, the structural component can be a single part of a hydraulic support, specifically a top beam, shield beam, rear connecting rod, etc. The stress boundary conditions of a single structural component can be the forces exerted on it by other structural components connected to it under actual working conditions; these forces can be compressive or tensile.

[0076] Since a sensing component 3 is also embedded in a single structural component, the magnitude of the force on the single structural component can be monitored through the embedded sensing component 3, thereby enabling the acquisition of data on the boundary conditions of the structural component.

[0077] A2: Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. The simulation analysis process is the same as the simulation analysis of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] If the safety factor of a single structural component is less than the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued. For example, the safety threshold of a single structural component can be the ratio of the maximum tensile strength or maximum compressive strength of the component to the corresponding design threshold. The safety factor can also be a multiple greater than 1.5. A hazard warning can be issued when the simulated safety factor is less than 1.3.

[0079] Conversely, no hazard warning will be issued. In this case, it indicates that the structural strength of a single structural component meets the usage requirements and can ensure normal operation under this condition.

[0080] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned early warning and verification of the overall structural strength, early warning and verification of the structural strength of individual structural components have also been realized, enabling independent simulation monitoring at relatively weak parts, thereby further ensuring the safety of the support.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method further includes the following steps:

[0082] B1: Construct a structural component model group from multiple structural components with kinematic relationships.

[0083] For example, taking the connecting rods (front and rear connecting rods), shield beam, and base of the stabilizing mechanism of a hydraulic support as an example, the connecting rods, shield beam, and base are all structural components, and the aforementioned sensing components 3 can be pre-embedded in each structural component. The top end of the connecting rod can be hinged to the shield beam, and the bottom end of the connecting rod can be hinged to the base, forming a set of structural component models. Furthermore, during the operation of the hydraulic support, the movements of the connecting rods, shield beam, and base are correlated to a certain extent.

[0084] B2: Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. The simulation analysis process can be the same as the simulation analysis of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] If the safety factor of the structural component model group is less than the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued. For example, if the structural component model group has a maximum designed load capacity and a design load, the safety threshold can be the ratio of the maximum designed load capacity to the design load. If the simulated safety factor is less than this safety threshold, a hazard warning can be issued. Conversely, if the safety factor is greater than or equal to this threshold, no hazard warning is issued. This means the structural component model group under this working condition meets the usage requirements.

[0086] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned early warning and verification of the overall structural strength, early warning and verification of the structural strength of a structural component model group composed of several local structural components have also been realized. This allows for independent simulation monitoring at several relatively weak parts of the hydraulic support, thereby further ensuring the safety of the support.

[0087] In some embodiments, the component body 1 includes two mounting plates 12 arranged opposite to each other, and at least one of the two mounting plates 12 has a groove 122 on its sidewall facing each other, the interior space of the groove 122 forming a mounting cavity 13.

[0088] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, both mounting plates 12 can be made of steel plates and can be arranged opposite each other in the front-to-back direction. A groove 122 can be provided on the rear mounting plate 12. Specifically, the groove 122 is located on the front side of the rear mounting plate 12, and the groove 122 is generally a rectangular groove. When the two mounting plates 12 are stacked, the opening of the groove 122 is sealed by the front mounting plate 12, and the space within the groove 122 forms the aforementioned mounting cavity 13. During assembly, the sensing component 3 can be embedded in the mounting cavity 13. The separate arrangement of the two mounting plates 12 facilitates the installation and arrangement of the sensing component 3.

[0089] In some other embodiments, each of the two mounting plates 12 may be provided with a groove 122. After the two mounting plates 12 are stacked, the slots of the grooves 122 on the two mounting plates 12 are arranged opposite to each other. At this time, a part of the sensing component 3 can be embedded in the groove 122 of one mounting plate 12, and another part of the sensing component 3 can be embedded in the groove 122 of the other mounting plate 12.

[0090] In some embodiments, one of the mounting plates 12 has a contact surface 121 for contacting the coal wall, the mounting cavity 13 is arranged in parallel with the contact surface 121 and extends along the contact surface 121, and the thickness of the mounting cavity 13 is not less than the thickness of the sensing component 3 in the normal direction of the contact surface 121.

[0091] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the contact surface 121 can be the front surface of the mounting plate 12 located on the front side. The contact surface 121 is generally planar. In use, the contact surface 121 can be located in a vertical plane and used to make contact with the coal wall of the working face. The mounting cavity 13 can be a flat cavity. The mounting cavity 13 can be located on the rear side of the contact surface 121 and is also generally located in a vertical plane. Therefore, when the contact surface 121 is subjected to pressure, the sensing component 3 in the mounting cavity 13 will also be subjected to a similar pressure, thereby meeting the need for pressure bearing in a large area.

[0092] like Figure 8 As shown, the sensing component 3 can be flat, and its thickness can be t. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the groove 122 can be formed only on the rear mounting plate 12, and the thickness of the mounting cavity 13 can be regarded as the groove depth of the groove 122, that is, Figure 10 The dimension T in the middle can be slightly larger than the aforementioned dimension t, which facilitates the placement of the sensing component 3 in the mounting cavity 13. This avoids the situation where the space inside the mounting cavity 13 is too cramped, which could easily cause the sensing component 3 to be squeezed and deformed. This also avoids the problem of installation deviation caused by squeezing the sensing component 3, which could easily lead to subsequent monitoring errors. When there are multiple structural components, it is beneficial to ensure the matching degree of measurement results of different structural components, thereby fully ensuring the accuracy and precision of monitoring.

[0093] In some embodiments, at least part of the mounting cavity 13 is bent and extended, and both fixing plates 32 can be bent and deformed to make the sensing component 3 bendable. For example, the structural member can also be a rod-shaped structure, in which case the mounting cavity 13 can be an annular cavity or a chamber with a certain curvature in the extension direction. Both fixing plates 32 can be made of flexible materials, so that the fixing plates 32 can be bent, thereby allowing the sensing component 3 to adapt to the curvature changes of the mounting cavity 13 by bending.

[0094] In some embodiments, the optical fiber 31 is spirally coiled or bent repeatedly in a plane parallel to the contact surface 121, and a plurality of gratings 33 are evenly distributed in the plane parallel to the contact surface 121. For example, as Figure 11 As shown, optical fiber 31 can extend in a serpentine bend within the same plane. In some other embodiments, such as... Figure 12As shown, the optical fiber 31 can also extend in a spiral shape within the same plane. This fully ensures the uniformity of the distribution of multiple gratings 33, thereby fully guaranteeing the effectiveness of monitoring at different locations within the same area.

[0095] In some embodiments, the two mounting plates 12 are fitted and sealed together, and the mounting cavity 13 is filled with a filler material between the sensing component 3 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 13. For example, after the sensing component 3 is installed in the mounting cavity 13 between the two mounting plates 12, the two mounting plates 12 can be connected and fixed by welding. The filler material can be pre-embedded or introduced into the mounting cavity 13 through the opening 11.

[0096] The filler material serves two purposes: firstly, it fills the gap between the sensing component 3 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 13, thus ensuring the stability of the assembly of the sensing component 3; secondly, the filler material also serves to transmit force, that is, the force applied to the structural component can be first transmitted to the filler material, and then directly act on the sensing component 3 through the filler material, thus ensuring the effectiveness of force transmission and improving the accuracy and precision of monitoring.

[0097] Alternatively, the filler can be a structural adhesive or other material, which can also serve to bond and fix the sensing component 3.

[0098] In some embodiments, the material of the fixing plate 32 includes at least one of the following: fiberglass board, carbon fiber board, steel plate, lining cloth, rubber, and polyurethane.

[0099] In some embodiments, the two fixing plates 32 are made of different materials, and at least one of the two fixing plates 32 is flexibly deformable. For example, as Figure 8 As shown, the two fixing plates 32 can be a first plate 322 and a second plate 323, respectively. The first plate 322 can be made of a relatively hard material, such as fiberglass board, carbon fiber board, thin steel plate, stainless steel plate, etc., while the second plate 323 can be made of a relatively soft material, such as lining cloth, rubber, etc. The flexible fixing plate 32 has energy absorption and buffering functions, and provides a certain degree of protection for the internal optical fiber 31 and grating 33.

[0100] In some embodiments, the two fixing plates 32 can be connected and fixed by means of vacuum adsorption, gluing or other methods, and the optical fiber 31 can be glued and fixed between the two fixing plates 32.

[0101] like Figures 13 to 19An example of a structural component as a top beam is given, in which two mounting plates 12 can be located on the top side of the top beam, wherein the upper surface of the upper mounting plate 12 forms a contact surface 121 and is used for abutting contact with the top plate of the working surface. The specific structure of the structural component can be the same as that described in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0103] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0104] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0106] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0107] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports, characterized in that, The hydraulic support includes multiple structural components, each including a component body and a sensing assembly. The component body has a mounting cavity, and the sensing assembly is located within the mounting cavity. The sensing assembly includes an optical fiber and two fixing plates. The optical fiber is located between the two fixing plates and extends in a bent manner. The optical fiber has multiple gratings, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the optical fiber. Each grating is used to deform when the component body deforms in order to output monitoring information. The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method includes the following steps: The force boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base are obtained under real-time conditions through sensing components. Assess the specific pressure of the floor plate. If the specific pressure of the floor plate is less than the compressive strength of the coal seam floor plate, then directly create a dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the specific pressure of the floor plate is not less than the compressive strength of the coal seam floor plate, introduce the tilt angle of the hydraulic support under that specific pressure, and then create a dynamic model of the hydraulic support. Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis was performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. The simulation analysis results are evaluated. If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support does not meet the set threshold, a danger warning is issued. If the safety factor of the simulated hydraulic support meets the set threshold, the hydraulic support will not move in the actual situation.

2. The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The creation of the dynamic model of the hydraulic support includes the following steps: obtaining the stroke data of the hydraulic support jack under real-world conditions, and constructing the hydraulic support model by combining the obtained stroke data of the jack.

3. The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method also includes the following steps: Identify the individual structural component that needs to be analyzed, and obtain the force boundary conditions of the structural component under actual conditions through sensing components; Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the safety factor of the individual structural component does not meet the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued; otherwise, no hazard warning is issued.

4. The method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method also includes the following steps: Multiple structural components with kinematic relationships are constructed into a structural component model group; Based on the above-mentioned boundary conditions of the top beam and the bottom plate of the base, a mechanical simulation analysis is performed on the dynamic model of the hydraulic support. If the safety factor of the structural component model group does not meet the safety threshold, a hazard warning is issued; otherwise, no hazard warning is issued.

5. The method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The component body includes two mounting plates arranged opposite to each other, and at least one of the two mounting plates has a groove on its sidewall facing each other, the interior space of the groove forming the mounting cavity.

6. The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, One of the mounting plates has a contact surface for contacting the coal wall, the mounting cavity is arranged parallel to the contact surface and extends along the contact surface, and the thickness of the mounting cavity is not less than the thickness of the sensing component in the normal direction of the contact surface.

7. The method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least a portion of the mounting cavity is bent and extended, and both of the fixing plates are bendable to make the sensing assembly bendable; And / or, the optical fiber is spirally coiled or bent repeatedly in a plane parallel to the contact surface, and the plurality of gratings are evenly distributed in a plane parallel to the contact surface.

8. The hydraulic support strength verification and early warning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two mounting plates are fitted together and sealed together. The mounting cavity is filled with a filler material, which fills the space between the sensing component and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

9. The method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing plate is made of at least one of the following materials: fiberglass board, carbon fiber board, steel plate, lining cloth, rubber, and polyurethane.

10. The method for strength verification and early warning of hydraulic supports according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two fixing plates are made of different materials, and at least one of the two fixing plates is flexibly deformable.

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