A bearing housing structure and method for automatically adjusting oil pick-up characteristics

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of engine superchargers, in particular to a bearing shell structure and method for automatically adjusting oil inlet characteristics, which comprises a bearing shell, an oil inlet limiting block, a guide cylinder and a spring, the bearing shell is provided with an oil inlet cavity, a compression cavity and an oil outlet, the compression cavity is arranged between the oil inlet cavity and the oil outlet, the guide cylinder is arranged in the oil inlet cavity, the guide cylinder is provided with an oil inlet flow channel and a spring cavity, the oil inlet flow channel comprises four sub-flow channels, the sub-flow channels are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the guide cylinder, the spring cavity is in communication with the oil inlet flow channel and the oil inlet cavity, the spring is movably arranged between the spring cavity and the compression cavity, the oil inlet limiting block is screw-connected with the bearing shell and located in the interior of the bearing shell, the oil inlet limiting block is provided with an oil inlet, one end of the oil inlet limiting block is in contact with the tapered end of the guide cylinder, through the above mode, the oil pressure and the oil amount entering the supercharger are adjusted, the oil leakage of the oil self-sealing device to the turbine end and the compressor end caused by the excessively high oil pressure is avoided, the lubricating oil consumption is reduced, the engine combustion is prevented from being deteriorated, and the engine performance and service life are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine turbocharger technology, and in particular to a bearing housing structure and method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of high-performance diesel engine technology, more stringent requirements have been placed on cylinder lubrication. This is typically achieved by increasing oil pressure to ensure the oil reaches the machine parts quickly, forming a lubricating film and preventing premature wear.

[0003] The standard oil pressure for turbochargers is typically specified as 200-450 MPa. At this pressure, the lubricating oil fills the gaps between the bearings, rotor, and housing, forming a lubricating film on the inner and outer sides of the floating bearings and on both sides of the thrust bearing. Turbochargers use forced lubrication, with the lubricating oil introduced from the diesel engine's main oil passage and fluctuating with the pressure changes in the main oil passage. When the oil pressure exceeds the specified 450 MPa, and is greater than the gas pressure at the turbine and compressor ends, it can easily lead to lubricating oil leakage from the self-sealing device to the turbine and compressor ends.

[0004] Turbocharger oil leaks can cause a drop in oil pressure within the turbocharger's oil chamber, damaging the turbocharger bearings. Oil leaking to the turbine end will coke and deposit carbon under high temperatures, causing scratches and wear on related components, reducing turbocharger performance and lifespan. Oil leaking to the compressor end will enter the cylinders with the boosted air, worsening the diesel engine's combustion process, reducing diesel engine performance, and causing carbon buildup on combustion chamber components, thus affecting the diesel engine's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bearing housing structure and method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, aiming to solve the problem of lubricating oil leakage from the sealing device caused by high lubricating oil pressure in existing turbochargers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a bearing housing structure for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, comprising a bearing housing, an oil inlet limiting block, a guide cylinder, and a spring. The bearing housing has an oil inlet chamber, a compression chamber, and an oil outlet. The compression chamber is located between the oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet. The guide cylinder is disposed within the oil inlet chamber and has an oil inlet channel and a spring cavity. The oil inlet channel includes four sub-channels, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide cylinder. The spring cavity communicates with both the oil inlet channel and the oil inlet chamber. The spring is movably disposed between the spring cavity and the compression chamber. The oil inlet limiting block is threadedly connected to the bearing housing and located inside the bearing housing. The oil inlet limiting block has an oil inlet, and one end of the oil inlet limiting block contacts the conical end of the guide cylinder.

[0007] The oil inlet chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil outlet are all opened in a vertical direction, and the center lines of the oil inlet chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil outlet are coaxial.

[0008] The bearing housing structure that automatically adjusts the oil inlet characteristics also includes a gasket, which is fixedly connected to the bearing housing and located inside the bearing housing.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, comprising the following steps: assembly; Determine the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring.

[0010] Among the assembly steps: An oil inlet chamber, a compression chamber, and an oil outlet are formed on the bearing housing. The spring is installed in the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder is installed in the compression chamber. After the gasket is placed in, the oil inlet limiting block is tightened.

[0011] In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than the elastic restoring force provided by the spring, the oil pushes the guide cylinder with the tapered end to compress the spring and move towards the oil outlet. At this time, the guide cylinder moves away from the oil inlet limit block, creating a gap between them. The lubricating oil enters the oil inlet chamber through the gap, then flows through the oil inlet channel and out of the oil outlet. Subsequently, it flows into the various lubrication channels of the turbocharger to lubricate the turbocharger bearings.

[0012] In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is less than 450 MPa, the spring compression is less than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is above the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channels are all in the open state, allowing lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channels.

[0013] In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet reaches 450 MPa, the spring compression is equal to h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is flush with the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channels are all in the open state, allowing lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channels.

[0014] In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than 450MPa, the spring compression is greater than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel is lower than the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channel is blocked by the compression chamber. The oil inlet channel is in a semi-closed state. At this time, the oil inlet channel becomes smaller, which restricts the flow of lubricating oil into the oil inlet channel and adjusts the oil pressure and oil volume entering the turbocharger.

[0015] This invention discloses a bearing housing structure and method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than the elastic restoring force provided by the spring, the oil pushes the guide cylinder with a tapered end to compress the spring and move towards the oil outlet. At this time, the guide cylinder moves away from the oil inlet limit block, creating a gap between them. The lubricating oil enters the oil inlet chamber through the gap, then flows through the oil inlet channel and out of the oil outlet, subsequently flowing into the various lubrication oil passages of the turbocharger to lubricate the turbocharger bearings. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is less than 450 MPa, the spring compression is less than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is above the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channels are all in an open state, allowing the lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channels. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet reaches 450 MPa... When the pressure is 450 MPa, the spring compression is equal to h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is flush with the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channel is in an open state, allowing lubricating oil to pass freely through it. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than 450 MPa, the spring compression is greater than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel is lower than the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channel is blocked by the compression chamber, placing it in a semi-closed state. This reduces the size of the oil inlet channel, restricting the flow of lubricating oil into it, regulating the oil pressure and quantity entering the turbocharger, preventing oil leakage from the self-sealing device to the turbine and compressor ends due to excessive oil pressure, reducing lubricating oil consumption, preventing engine combustion deterioration, and improving engine performance and lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bearing housing structure for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the bearing housing structure for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide cylinder of the present invention.

[0020] 1-Bearing housing, 2-Oil inlet limit block, 3-Gasket, 4-Guide cylinder, 5-Spring, 11-Oil inlet cavity, 12-Compression cavity, 13-Oil outlet, 21-Oil inlet, 41-Oil inlet channel, 42-Spring cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Please see Figures 1-3 ,in Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bearing housing that automatically adjusts the oil inlet characteristics. Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural diagram of a bearing housing that automatically adjusts the oil inlet characteristics. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide tube structure.

[0022] This invention provides a bearing housing structure for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, comprising a bearing housing 1, an oil inlet limiting block 2, a gasket 3, a guide cylinder 4, and a spring 5. The bearing housing 1 has an oil inlet chamber 11, a compression chamber 12, and an oil outlet 13. The compression chamber 12 is disposed between the oil inlet chamber 11 and the oil outlet 13. The guide cylinder 4 is disposed within the oil inlet chamber 11 and has an oil inlet channel 41 and a spring cavity 42. The oil inlet channel 41 includes four sub-channels, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide cylinder 4. The spring cavity 42 communicates with both the oil inlet channel 41 and the oil inlet chamber 11. The spring 5 is movably disposed between the spring cavity 42 and the compression chamber 12. The oil inlet limiting block 2 is threadedly connected to the bearing housing 1 and located inside the bearing housing 1. The oil inlet limiting block 2 has an oil inlet 21, and one end of the oil inlet limiting block 2 contacts the conical end of the guide cylinder 4.

[0023] Furthermore, the oil inlet chamber 11, the compression chamber 12, and the oil outlet 13 are all opened in the vertical direction, and the center lines of the oil inlet chamber 11, the compression chamber 12, and the oil outlet 13 are coaxial.

[0024] Furthermore, the bearing housing structure with automatic oil inlet characteristics also includes a gasket 3, which is fixedly connected to the bearing housing 1 and located inside the bearing housing 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, one end of the oil inlet limiting block 2 is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the other end of the oil inlet limiting block 2 contacts the conical end of the guide cylinder 4 to form a line seal structure. The spring 5 is movably disposed between the spring cavity 42 and the compression cavity 12. The spring 5 is used to provide the guide cylinder 4 with an elastic restoring force to move towards the oil outlet 13. The spring cavity 42 limits the spring 5 to prevent the spring 5 from coming out of the spring cavity 42. The gasket 3 cooperates with the oil inlet limiting block 2 to achieve a sealing effect and prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the threads of the oil inlet limiting block 2.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, comprising the following steps: assembly; Determine the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5.

[0027] Furthermore, in the assembly process: An oil inlet chamber 11, a compression chamber 12, and an oil outlet 13 are formed on the bearing housing 1. The spring 5 is installed in the guide cylinder 4, and the guide cylinder 4 is installed in the compression chamber 12. After the gasket 3 is placed in, the oil inlet limiting block 2 is tightened.

[0028] Furthermore, in the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is greater than the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5, the oil pushes the guide cylinder 4 with the conical end to compress the spring 5 and move towards the oil outlet 13. At this time, the guide cylinder 4 moves away from the oil inlet limit block 2, and a gap is generated between the two. The lubricating oil enters the oil inlet chamber 11 through the gap, and after passing through the oil inlet flow channel 41, it flows out from the oil outlet 13 and then flows into the various lubrication oil passages of the turbocharger to lubricate the turbocharger bearings.

[0029] Furthermore, in the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is less than 450 MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is less than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 of the guide cylinder 4 is above the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11. The oil inlet channels 41 are all in the open state, and the lubricating oil can freely pass through the oil inlet channels 41.

[0030] Furthermore, in the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 reaches 450 MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is equal to h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 of the guide cylinder 4 is flush with the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11. The oil inlet channels 41 are all in the open state, and the lubricating oil can freely pass through the oil inlet channels 41.

[0031] Furthermore, in the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is greater than 450MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is greater than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 is lower than the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11. The oil inlet channel 41 is blocked by the compression chamber 12, and the oil inlet channel 41 is in a semi-closed state. At this time, the oil inlet channel 41 becomes smaller, which restricts the flow of lubricating oil into the oil inlet channel 41 and adjusts the oil pressure and oil volume entering the turbocharger.

[0032] In this embodiment, assembly is performed first. The assembly process is as follows: an oil inlet chamber 11, a compression chamber 12, and an oil outlet 13 are opened on the bearing housing 1. The spring 5 is installed into the guide cylinder 4, and the guide cylinder 4 is installed into the compression chamber 12. After the gasket 3 is placed, the oil inlet limiting block 2 is tightened. After assembly, one end of the oil inlet limiting block 2 is connected to the oil inlet pipe. The relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5 is determined: when the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is... When the oil pressure at the oil inlet 21 is greater than the elastic restoring force provided by the spring 5, the oil pushes the guide cylinder 4 with the tapered end to compress the spring 5 and move towards the oil outlet 13. At this time, the guide cylinder 4 moves away from the oil inlet limit block 2, creating a gap between them. The lubricating oil enters the oil inlet chamber 11 through the gap, then flows out from the oil outlet 13 after passing through the oil inlet channel 41, and subsequently flows into the various lubrication channels of the turbocharger to lubricate the turbocharger bearings. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is less than 450 MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is less than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 of the guide cylinder 4 is above the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11, and the oil inlet channel 41 is in an open state, allowing the lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channel 41. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 reaches 450 MPa... When the pressure is 450 MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is equal to h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 of the guide cylinder 4 is flush with the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11. The oil inlet channel 41 is in an open state, and the lubricating oil can freely pass through the oil inlet channel 41. When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 21 is greater than 450 MPa, the compression of the spring 5 is greater than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel 41 is lower than the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber 11. The oil inlet channel 41 is blocked by the compression chamber 12, and the oil inlet channel 41 is in a semi-closed state. At this time, the oil inlet channel 41 becomes smaller, which restricts the flow of lubricating oil into the oil inlet channel 41, regulates the oil pressure and oil volume entering the turbocharger, avoids oil leakage from the self-sealing device to the turbine end and compressor end due to excessive oil pressure, reduces the consumption of lubricating oil, avoids engine combustion deterioration, and improves the performance and life of the diesel engine.

[0033] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics, characterized in that, A bearing housing structure for a method of automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics includes a bearing housing, an oil inlet limiting block, a guide cylinder, and a spring. The bearing housing has an oil inlet chamber, a compression chamber, and an oil outlet. The compression chamber is located between the oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet. The guide cylinder is located inside the oil inlet chamber and has an oil inlet channel and a spring cavity. The oil inlet channel includes four sub-channels, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide cylinder. The spring cavity communicates with both the oil inlet channel and the oil inlet chamber. The spring is movably disposed between the spring cavity and the compression chamber. The oil inlet limiting block is threadedly connected to the bearing housing and located inside the bearing housing. The oil inlet limiting block has an oil inlet, and one end of the oil inlet limiting block contacts the conical end of the guide cylinder. The oil inlet chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil outlet are all opened in the vertical direction, and the center lines of the oil inlet chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil outlet are coaxial; The bearing housing structure for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics also includes a gasket, which is fixedly connected to the bearing housing and located inside the bearing housing; Includes the following steps: Assembly; the bearing housing is provided with the oil inlet chamber, the compression chamber and the oil outlet, the spring is installed in the guide cylinder and the guide cylinder is installed in the compression chamber, the gasket is placed in and the oil inlet limiting block is tightened; Determine the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring; wherein: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than 450MPa, the spring compression is greater than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel is lower than the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channel is blocked by the compression chamber. The oil inlet channel is in a semi-closed state. At this time, the oil inlet channel becomes smaller, which restricts the flow of lubricating oil into the oil inlet channel and adjusts the oil pressure and oil volume entering the turbocharger.

2. The method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is greater than the elastic restoring force provided by the spring, the oil pushes the guide cylinder with the tapered end to compress the spring and move towards the oil outlet. At this time, the guide cylinder moves away from the oil inlet limit block, creating a gap between them. The lubricating oil enters the oil inlet chamber through the gap, then flows through the oil inlet channel and out of the oil outlet. Subsequently, it flows into the various lubrication channels of the turbocharger to lubricate the turbocharger bearings.

3. The method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet is less than 450 MPa, the spring compression is less than h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is above the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channels are all in the open state, allowing lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channels.

4. The method for automatically adjusting the oil inlet characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the relationship between the oil pressure entering the oil inlet and the elastic restoring force provided by the spring: When the oil pressure entering the oil inlet reaches 450 MPa, the spring compression is equal to h. At this time, the lowest point of the oil inlet channel of the guide cylinder is flush with the bottom surface of the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet channels are all in the open state, allowing lubricating oil to pass freely through the oil inlet channels.

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