Grain flow circulation monitoring test device and method with multi-working condition simulation function

Abstract

The application relates to a grain flow circulation monitoring test device and method with multi-working-condition simulation functions. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device comprises a device base assembly, a secondary elevator assembly, a main elevator assembly, a high-precision weighing mechanism and a transmission system assembly. The device base assembly is a movable base plate; the secondary elevator assembly comprises a storage silo, a conveying auger, a secondary elevator driving sprocket, a secondary elevator driven sprocket, a secondary elevator chain, a secondary elevator housing and a secondary elevator drive pulley; the main elevator assembly comprises a sieve plate mechanism, a feeding silo, a feeding auger, a main elevator driving sprocket, a main elevator driven sprocket, a main elevator chain, a main elevator housing, a main elevator drive pulley, a grain flow monitoring sensor and a moisture content sensor; the high-precision weighing mechanism is arranged between a main elevator discharge port and the storage silo; and the high-precision weighing mechanism comprises a conical hopper, a pressure sensor, a turnover plate mechanism and a hopper mounting support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery measurement technology, and in particular relates to a grain flow circulation monitoring test device and method with multi-condition simulation function. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of crop planting and production management, efficiently obtaining information on crop yield distribution in farmland is a crucial starting point for implementing precision agriculture. Farmers can then use this yield distribution data to formulate quantitative decisions, variable inputs, and targeted implementation plans for the next season's production management, including planting, fertilization, and pesticide application. Therefore, focusing on developing a real-time, precise grain flow monitoring system for combine harvesters, enabling online real-time acquisition of crop yield and its spatial distribution differences during the harvesting process, is an important task for improving the precision agricultural production management system and promoting smart agriculture.

[0003] Based on different measurement principles, grain flow monitoring methods mainly include dynamic weighing, impact force measurement, X-ray measurement, and volumetric measurement. Dynamic weighing requires high dynamic balance capabilities and is difficult to achieve high-precision weighing under severe vehicle vibration. While impact force measurement is widely used, it does not consider the mechanical damage caused to the grain by the collision with the impact plate. Damaged grain is more prone to mold during storage, reducing seed germination rates and affecting the quality and grade of processed grain. X-ray measurement is not widely used due to the potential hazards of radiation to operators and the surrounding environment. Volumetric measurement mainly relies on photoelectric sensors. When the scraper and grain pile pass through the photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric signal is blocked. The height of the grain pile can be obtained based on the blocking time. Array photoelectric sensors can accurately measure the side area of ​​the grain pile. Combining factors such as scraper width and grain pile density, the volume and mass of the grain pile can be accurately measured. Its measuring device has a simple structure and high sensor accuracy, thus it is widely used.

[0004] However, in complex agricultural operating environments, the volume measurement method based on photoelectric sensors is affected by various factors, such as changes in feed rate, changes in the elevator tilt angle caused by vehicle vibration, and changes in elevator rotation speed. These factors can all cause differences in grain accumulation morphology, leading to increased errors in volume measurement. Furthermore, research on these influencing factors is lacking both domestically and internationally. Secondly, most existing studies focus on short-term, low-throughput grain flow monitoring. In actual harvesting operations, combine harvesters require long periods of continuous operation. Yield prediction errors accumulate over time and with increasing total yield, ultimately resulting in significant errors in the yield measurement system's output, making it difficult to guarantee the stability and accuracy of the monitoring system in practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a grain flow circulation monitoring test device and method with multi-condition simulation function, which can simulate the changes in feed rate, elevator tilt angle and elevator speed under different operating conditions, and realize continuous flow monitoring and total amount calculation of circulating grain flow, thereby verifying the stability and accuracy of the monitoring system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A grain flow circulation monitoring test device with multi-condition simulation function includes a device chassis assembly 1, a secondary elevator assembly 2, a main elevator assembly 3, a high-precision weighing mechanism 4, and a transmission system assembly 5.

[0008] The device chassis assembly 1 is a movable chassis, including a base plate 101.

[0009] The auxiliary elevator assembly 2 includes a grain storage bin 201, a conveying auger 202, an auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203, an auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214, an auxiliary elevator chain 204, an auxiliary elevator housing 205, and an auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206.

[0010] The grain storage silo 201 includes a grain storage silo body 207, grain storage silo supports 208, a conveying auger bearing seat 209, and a conveying connecting cylinder 210. The grain storage silo body 207 is fixed to the base plate 101 by two grain storage silo supports 208. The lower part of the grain storage silo body 207 is connected to the lower part of the auxiliary elevator housing 205, which is tilted at an adjustable angle, through the conveying connecting cylinder 210. The conveying auger 202 is arranged at the bottom of the grain storage silo body 207, the bottom of the conveying connecting cylinder 210, and the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing 205. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the conveying auger 202 are mounted on the grain storage silo body 207 and the auxiliary elevator housing 205 through two conveying auger bearing seats 209. The auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203 is keyed and mounted on the rotating shaft inside the auxiliary elevator housing 205 of the conveying auger 202; the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206 is keyed and mounted on the rotating shaft outside the auxiliary elevator housing 205 of the conveying auger 202; the rotating shaft of the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214 is mounted on the top of the auxiliary elevator housing 205 via the auxiliary elevator sprocket bearing seat 213; the auxiliary elevator chain 204 is arranged on the auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203 and the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214, and multiple auxiliary elevator scrapers for conveying grain from the bottom of the auxiliary elevator to the top of the auxiliary elevator grain outlet 212 are equally spaced on the auxiliary elevator chain 204.

[0011] The main elevator assembly 3 includes a screen plate mechanism 301, a feeding bin 302, a feeding auger 303, a main elevator drive sprocket 304, a main elevator driven sprocket 320, a main elevator chain 305, a main elevator housing 306, a main elevator drive pulley 307, a grain flow monitoring sensor 308, and a moisture content sensor 309.

[0012] The feeding bin 302 is located below the grain outlet 212 of the auxiliary elevator. The feeding bin 302 includes a feeding bin body 314, a feeding bin support 315, a feeding auger bearing seat 316, and a feeding connecting cylinder 317. The feeding bin body 314 is fixed to the base plate 101 by two feeding bin supports 315. The lower part of the feeding bin body 314 is connected to the lower part of the main elevator housing 306, which has an adjustable tilt angle, through the feeding connecting cylinder 317. The feeding auger 303 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding bin body 314, the feeding connecting cylinder 317, and the bottom of the main elevator housing 306. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the feeding auger 303 are mounted on the feeding bin body 314 and the main elevator housing 306 through two feeding auger bearing seats 316. The main elevator drive sprocket 304 is keyed and mounted on a rotating shaft inside the main elevator housing 306 of the feeding auger 303; the main elevator drive pulley 307 is keyed and mounted on a rotating shaft outside the main elevator housing 306 of the feeding auger 303; the rotating shaft of the main elevator driven sprocket 320 is mounted on the top of the main elevator housing 306 via a main elevator sprocket bearing seat 319; the main elevator chain 305 is disposed on the main elevator drive sprocket 304 and the main elevator driven sprocket 320, and multiple main elevator scrapers are equally spaced on the main elevator chain 305 for conveying grain from the bottom of the main elevator to the main elevator outlet 318 at the top; the main elevator outlet 318 faces the main grain storage silo body 207.

[0013] Multiple grain flow monitoring sensors 308 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the main elevator housing 306 on the upper part of the main elevator housing 306; the moisture content sensor 309 is arranged at the bottom of the main elevator housing 306.

[0014] The sieve plate mechanism 301 is arranged between the grain outlet 212 of the auxiliary elevator and the grain feed bin 302, and is used to remove broken particles from the grain flow.

[0015] The high-precision weighing mechanism 4 is arranged between the grain outlet 318 of the main elevator and the grain storage bin 201; the high-precision weighing mechanism 4 includes a conical hopper 401, a pressure sensor 402, a flipping mechanism 404 and a hopper mounting bracket 417.

[0016] The hopper mounting bracket 417 includes a sliding frame 405 and a fixed slide rail frame 406. The fixed slide rail frame 406 is fixedly connected to the base plate 101 and located on the outside of the grain storage bin 201. The fixed slide rail frame 406 is provided with two slide rails 418 parallel to the axis of the conveying auger 202. The sliding frame 405 is provided with two sets of directional wheels 415 corresponding to the two slide rails 418 respectively. The sliding frame 405 slides along the slide rails 418 of the fixed slide rail frame 406 through the directional wheels 415. The slide rails 418 are provided with multiple limiting holes at equal intervals. The sliding frame 405 is provided with a limiting rod 416 that can move vertically up and down. The sliding frame 405 is inserted into the limiting holes on the slide rails 418 through the limiting rod 416 to fix its relative position with the fixed slide rail frame 406.

[0017] The conical hopper 401 is mounted on a sliding frame 405 by three support feet on its outer side. A pressure sensor 402 is provided between each support foot and the sliding frame 405 to measure the change in the mass of the grain in the hopper.

[0018] The flap mechanism 404 is used to cover the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 and adjust the size of the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 as the sliding frame 405 moves.

[0019] The flipping mechanism 404 includes a flipping plate 410, a flipping plate rotating shaft 411, a rotating shaft drive arm 412, a limiting shaft 413, a shaft seat plate 414, and a limiting shaft groove 211. The flipping plate rotating shaft 411 is hinged to two shaft seat plates 414 fixed to the outside of the discharge port of the conical hopper 401. The flipping plate 410 is fixed to the flipping plate rotating shaft 411 between the two shaft seat plates 414, located directly below the discharge port of the conical hopper 401. The upper end of the rotating shaft drive arm 412 is perpendicularly fixed to the flipping plate rotating shaft 411, and the lower end is perpendicularly fixed to the limiting shaft 413. The limiting shaft groove 211 is fixed to the inner wall of the grain storage silo body 207 along the axial direction of the conveying auger 202. The limiting shaft groove 211 consists of a horizontal lower groove plate and an inclined... The upper groove plate is inclined; from the first end to the last end of the limiting shaft slide 211, the upper groove plate gradually moves away from the lower groove plate; the limiting shaft 413 is embedded between the lower groove plate and the lower groove plate of the limiting shaft slide 211; when the conical hopper 401 is directly below the grain outlet 318 of the main elevator, the limiting shaft 413 is located at the first end of the limiting shaft slide 211, and the flap 410 completely covers the discharge port of the conical hopper 401; when the conical hopper 401 slides from the first end to the last end of the fixed slide rail frame 406 with the sliding frame 405, the limiting shaft 413 gradually moves upward and towards the last end of the limiting shaft slide 211 along the upper groove plate of the limiting shaft slide 211, thereby causing the flap rotating shaft 411 to rotate, driving the flap 410 to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of the conical hopper 401.

[0020] The transmission system assembly 5 consists of two identical power output mechanisms, providing power to the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator respectively. Each power output mechanism includes an asynchronous variable frequency motor 501, a primary drive pulley 502, a primary driven pulley 503, a secondary drive pulley 504, a pulley support 505, and a transmission belt 506. The asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 and the pulley support 505 are fixedly connected to the base plate 101. The primary drive pulley 502 is fixed to the power output shaft of the asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 via a key connection. The primary driven pulley 503 and the secondary drive pulley 504 are coaxially mounted on the pulley support 505. Transmission belts 506 are provided on the primary drive pulley 502 and the primary driven pulley 503, as well as on the secondary drive pulley 504 and on either the main elevator drive pulley 307 or the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206.

[0021] The device chassis assembly 1 further includes full-brake casters 102, which are bolted to the four corners of the lower surface of the base plate 101. During the test operation, the full-brake casters 102 are locked to ensure the stability of the base plate 101. After the test, the full-brake casters 102 can be released to facilitate the movement of the test device.

[0022] The upper surface of the base plate 101 is equipped with guardrail posts 104 and guardrails 103. The hinge sleeves of the guardrail posts 104 and the hinge shafts on the guardrails 103 cooperate to open and close the guardrails.

[0023] The auxiliary elevator assembly 2 further includes an auxiliary elevator telescopic adjustment rod 216, which is hinged to the auxiliary elevator housing 205 via an auxiliary elevator adjustment base 215, for adjusting the tilt angle of the auxiliary elevator; the main elevator assembly 3 further includes a main elevator telescopic adjustment rod 322, which is hinged to the main elevator housing 206 via a main elevator adjustment base 321, for adjusting the tilt angle of the main elevator.

[0024] The grain flow monitoring sensor 308 is a through-beam photoelectric sensor, with its transmitter and receiver fixed to the two side plates of the main elevator housing 306, respectively; the beam emitted by the transmitter is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the main elevator chain 305.

[0025] The sieve plate mechanism 301 includes a sieve 310, a sieve slide plate 311, a sieve plate support 312, and a crushing particle trough 313. The sieve slide plate 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sieve 310 at a certain distance. The sieve 310 and the sieve slide plate 311 are obliquely fixed to the feed bin body 314 through the sieve plate support 312. The crushing particle trough 313 is detachably fixed to the side wall of the feed bin body 314, located below the sieve 310 and the sieve slide plate 311, and is used to collect crushed particles.

[0026] The slide rail 418 is provided with slide rail end baffles 419 at both ends to prevent the sliding frame 405 from rushing out of the slide rail 418.

[0027] The high-precision weighing mechanism 4 further includes a flip-plate locking mechanism 403; the flip-plate locking mechanism 403 includes a locking plate 407, a locking shaft 408, and a locking push rod 409; the top end of the locking shaft 408 is rotatably connected to a support leg of the conical hopper 401 through an adjustable threaded sleeve; the locking plate 407 is fixed to the bottom end of the locking shaft 408; the locking push rod 409 is threadedly connected to the middle of the locking shaft 408; pushing the locking push rod 409 drives the locking shaft 408 and the locking plate 407 to rotate, so that the locking plate 407 rotates to below the flip plate 410 or separates from the flip plate 410, thereby fastening the flip plate 410 at the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 or removing the restriction on the rotation of the flip plate 410.

[0028] The diameter of the primary driving pulley 502 is smaller than the diameter of the primary driven pulley 503, the diameter of the secondary driving pulley 504 is smaller than the diameter of the primary driven pulley 503, and the diameter of the secondary driving pulley 504 is smaller than the diameter of the main elevator drive pulley 307 and the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206.

[0029] A test method for monitoring grain flow circulation with multi-condition simulation capabilities includes the following steps:

[0030] S1, Multi-condition simulation settings;

[0031] S1.1 Feeding volume control;

[0032] First, fill the main body 314 of the feeding bin with enough grain to submerge the feeding auger 303; then start the corresponding asynchronous frequency converter motor 501 to drive the feeding auger 303 to rotate for a certain period of time, so that the space between the blades of the feeding auger 303 is filled with grain; then start the asynchronous frequency converter motor 501 again to continuously transport grain to the feeding auger 303 at a certain test speed, and record the test speed v of the feeding auger 303. k , conveying time t k and delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, m k Repeat the experiment n times and take the average value. Calculate the conveying amount q per revolution of the feeding auger 303 using Formula 1. Set different speeds of the feeding auger 303 and calculate the conveying amount Q per unit time of the feeding auger 303 at the current speed v using Formula 2.

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] In Formulas 1 and 2, q is the feed rate per revolution of the auger 303, in kg; Q is the feed rate per unit time of the auger 303 at the current rotational speed v, in kg; k = 1, 2, 3…n, where n is the number of trials; v k The test rotational speed is expressed in r / s; t k The delivery time is expressed in seconds (s); m k For the delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, in kg;

[0036] S1.2, Lifter tilt angle setting;

[0037] The tilt angles of the main elevator housing 306 and the auxiliary elevator housing 205 are adjusted by the telescopic adjustment rod 322 of the main elevator and the telescopic adjustment rod 216 of the auxiliary elevator. The maximum tilt angle shall not exceed 90°.

[0038] S1.3, Elevator speed setting;

[0039] Adjust the output speed of the asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 or the transmission ratio of the two-stage belt drive, and adjust the speed of the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator;

[0040] S2, Grain flow circulation monitoring;

[0041] A certain mass of grain is filled into the storage silo 201; two asynchronous variable frequency motors 501 are started to drive the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206 and the main elevator drive pulley 307 to rotate, which in turn drives the conveying auger 202 and the auxiliary elevator chain 204, as well as the feeding auger 303 and the main elevator chain 305 to rotate. The grain enters the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing 205 under the conveying action of the conveying auger 202, and the auxiliary elevator chain 204 lifts the grain to the auxiliary elevator. Grain is discharged from the auxiliary elevator outlet 212 and spills into the screen plate mechanism 301. Crushed grains fall through the screen 310 into the screen slide plate 311 and finally slide into the crushed grain trough 313, while normal grains slide along the surface of the screen 310 into the feed hopper 302. Under the conveying action of the feeding auger 303, the grains enter the bottom of the main elevator housing 306, and the main elevator chain 305 lifts the grains to the main elevator outlet 318. Grain flow is captured during this process. The interval between two blocked signals triggering the quantity monitoring sensor 308; simultaneously, the moisture content sensor 309 at the bottom of the main elevator housing 306 measures the grain moisture content; grain spilled from the main elevator outlet 318 enters the conical hopper 401, and the pressure sensor 402 measures the change in grain mass in the conical hopper 401 over a certain period of time; when it is necessary to release the grain in the hopper, first rotate the locking push rod 409, which drives the locking shaft 408 and the locking plate 407 to rotate, thus locking... When plate 407 separates from flap 410, the limiting rod 416 in hopper support 417 is pulled out, and hopper support 417 is pushed. The limiting shaft 413 moves gradually upward and towards the end of the limiting shaft groove 211 along the upper groove plate of the limiting shaft groove 211, thereby causing flap shaft 411 to rotate, driving flap 410 to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of conical hopper 401. Conical hopper 401 completes unloading during the movement, ensuring that the grain in storage bin 201 is evenly piled up.

[0042] S3, Grain weight calculation;

[0043] S3.1 Calculation of grain pile volume;

[0044] Based on the interval between two triggering signals of each grain flow monitoring sensor 308, the height of the grain pile on the scraper measured by each grain flow monitoring sensor 308 is calculated using Formula 3. Combining the installation position of each grain flow monitoring sensor 308, the scraper width w, and the scraper length l, a coordinate system of the grain pile cross-sectional area is established. The starting and ending coordinates of the scraper width direction are (0,0) and (w,0), respectively. The coordinate points (a1,h1), (a2,h2), ..., (a...) are obtained from the abscissa of each grain flow monitoring sensor 308 in the coordinate system and the measured height of the grain pile. p-1 ,h p-1 ),(a p ,h pThe cross-sectional area and volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper are calculated by using a cubic polynomial to fit the coordinate points and by using formulas 4 and 5.

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] V j =S j Formula 5

[0048] In formulas 3-5, h i Let be the height of the grain pile detected by the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor 308, in cm; where i = 1, 2, 3…p, and p is the number of grain flow monitoring sensors 308; h0 is the distance between two adjacent scrapers under no-load conditions, in cm; t0 is the time interval between the grain flow monitoring sensor 308 being triggered by the blocking signals of two scrapers under no-load conditions, in seconds; t i Let f(x) be the time interval in seconds between the triggering of the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor 308 by the scraper and grain pile obstruction signals; f(x) is the curve fitting function, representing the measured value of the grain flow monitoring sensor 308 at a certain location, f(x) = c3x 3 +c2x 2 +c1x+c0, where x is an unknown variable, c0, c1, c2, and c3 are fitting coefficients, solved using the least squares method; dx is the derivative of the unknown variable x; w is the scraper width in cm; l is the scraper length in cm; S j Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm². 2 V j Let J be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ;

[0049] S3.2 Calculation of total grain mass;

[0050] Based on the real-time moisture content measured by the moisture content sensor 309, the grain density is corrected using formula 6; the volume of the grain pile is obtained according to step S3.1, and the total mass of the grain is calculated using formula 7.

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] In Formulas 6 and 7, η0 is the initial moisture content of the grain; ρ0 is the density of the grain when the initial moisture content is η0, in g / cm³. 3η' is the real-time moisture content of the grain pile measured by the moisture content sensor 309; ρ' is the corrected grain density, in g / cm³. 3 Where j = 1, 2, 3…N, and N is the total number of scrapers; V j Let be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ;

[0054] S3.3 Monitoring error;

[0055] The total grain mass calculated in step S3.2 is compared with the grain mass change in the conical hopper 401 measured by pressure sensor 402 to clarify the monitoring error of the grain flow circulation monitoring test device.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0057] 1. The grain flow monitoring experimental device of the present invention, with multi-condition simulation function, has a dual-lifter system. The speed of the auxiliary lifter and the feeding auger can be adjusted by controlling the speed of the asynchronous variable frequency motor, thereby achieving quantitative control of the feeding amount. Adjustment of the mechanical telescopic rod can drive the lifter to achieve tilt angle control, simulating the tilt angle changes caused by vehicle bumps in the field. In addition, the asynchronous variable frequency motor controlling the main lifter can meet the speed requirements of different combine harvester models and operating conditions. Based on the above functions, this experimental device can simulate various field operating conditions and conduct experimental research on the stability of the grain flow circulation monitoring experimental device under various conditions, greatly improving the possibility of promoting the monitoring system in real field environments.

[0058] 2. The grain flow circulation monitoring test method of the present invention is based on a dual-lift system to realize the cyclic process of grain from feeding to unloading and then refeeding. In this way, the total grain yield can be increased to simulate the total yield during harvester field operation. Moreover, the yield measurement result is obtained by accumulating the results of the system's successive monitoring. The calculation error accumulates continuously with the increase of the total yield. Therefore, the total yield measurement simulating harvester field operation can more objectively reflect the true error of the monitoring system, which is conducive to further improving the system performance to meet the accuracy requirements of yield prediction.

[0059] 3. The high-precision weighing mechanism based on pressure sensors of the present invention uses a conical hopper installed below the grain outlet of the main elevator to collect grain falling over a certain period of time. Three high-precision pressure sensors under the hopper support feet measure the weight change of the grain. When the grain storage reaches the upper limit of the hopper, the conical hopper can be pushed to rotate the flap shaft and open the flap to unload the grain, allowing it to enter the circulation flow. The flap mechanism and the flap locking mechanism are welded to the conical hopper as a whole and do not contact the hopper mounting bracket, avoiding weighing errors and achieving high-precision measurement of grain weight. Based on this measurement information, the accuracy of the grain flow monitoring test device can be verified. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the grain flow monitoring test device with multi-condition simulation function of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a side view of the experimental device for monitoring grain flow with multi-condition simulation function according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary elevator assembly 2 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0064] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main elevator assembly 3 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 BB-direction sectional view;

[0066] Figure 7 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the high-precision weighing mechanism 4 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 8 This is a side view of the high-precision weighing mechanism 4 of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flap locking mechanism 403 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the flip-plate mechanism 404 of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system assembly 5 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the cross-sectional area of ​​the grain pile according to the present invention.

[0072] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0073] 1 Chassis Assembly

[0074] 101 base plate, 102 full brake casters

[0075] 103 Guardrail 104 Guardrail Post

[0076] 2 auxiliary elevator assemblies

[0077] 201 Grain Storage Bin 202 Conveying Auger

[0078] 203 Auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 204 Auxiliary elevator chain

[0079] 205 Auxiliary elevator housing 206 Auxiliary elevator drive pulley

[0080] 207 Main body of grain storage 208 Support for grain storage

[0081] 209 Conveyor auger bearing housing; 210 Conveyor connecting cylinder

[0082] 211 Limiting shaft slide groove; 212 Auxiliary elevator grain outlet

[0083] 213 Auxiliary elevator sprocket bearing housing; 214 Auxiliary elevator driven sprocket

[0084] 215 Auxiliary elevator adjusting base; 216 Auxiliary elevator telescopic adjusting rod

[0085] 3 Main Lift Assembly

[0086] 301 Screen plate mechanism; 302 Grain feeding bin

[0087] 303 Feeding auger, 304 Main elevator drive sprocket

[0088] 305 Main elevator chain; 306 Main elevator housing

[0089] 307 Main elevator drive pulley; 308 Grain flow monitoring sensor

[0090] 309 Moisture content sensor, 310 sieve

[0091] 311 Sieve Plate Slide, 312 Sieve Plate Support

[0092] 313 Crushing Trough; 314 Grain Feeding Bin Main Body

[0093] 315 Feeding grain bin support; 316 Feeding auger bearing housing

[0094] 317 Feed inlet connecting cylinder; 318 Main elevator grain outlet

[0095] 319 Main elevator sprocket bearing housing; 320 Main elevator driven sprocket

[0096] 321 Main elevator adjustment base; 322 Main elevator telescopic adjustment rod

[0097] 4 High-precision weighing mechanism

[0098] 401 Conical hopper 402 Pressure sensor

[0099] 403 Flip-plate locking mechanism 404 Flip-plate mechanism

[0100] 405 Sliding bracket 406 Fixed slide rail bracket

[0101] 407 Locking Plate 408 Locking Shaft

[0102] 409 Locking push rod 410 Flip plate

[0103] 411 Unloading mechanism shaft; 412 Shaft drive arm

[0104] 413 Tilting limit shaft; 414 Unloading mechanism bearing plate

[0105] 415 directional wheel, 416 limit rod

[0106] 417 Hopper mounting bracket 418 Slide rail

[0107] 419 Slide rail end baffle 420 Adjusting rod base

[0108] 421 Weighing Mechanism Support

[0109] 5. Drivetrain Assembly

[0110] 501 Asynchronous Variable Frequency Motor, 502 First Stage Drive Pulley

[0111] 503 First-stage driven pulley; 504 Second-stage driving pulley

[0112] 505 pulley support, 506 transmission belt Detailed Implementation

[0113] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0114] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a grain flow circulation monitoring test device with multi-condition simulation function includes a device chassis assembly 1, a secondary elevator assembly 2, a main elevator assembly 3, a high-precision weighing mechanism 4, and a transmission system assembly 5.

[0115] The device chassis assembly 1 is a movable chassis, including a base plate 101, full-brake casters 102, guardrails 103, and guardrail posts 104. The full-brake casters 102 are bolted to the four corners of the lower surface of the base plate 101. During the test operation, the full-brake casters 102 need to be locked to ensure the stability of the base plate 101. After the test, the full-brake casters 102 can be loosened to facilitate the movement of the test device. To ensure the safety of the test process, guardrail posts 104 and guardrails 103 are installed around the upper surface of the base plate 101. The hinge sleeves of the guardrail posts 104 and the hinge shafts on the guardrails 103 cooperate to realize the opening and closing of the guardrails.

[0116] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary elevator assembly 2 includes a grain storage bin 201, a conveying auger 202, an auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203, an auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214, an auxiliary elevator chain 204, an auxiliary elevator housing 205, and an auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206.

[0117] The grain storage silo 201 includes a grain storage silo body 207, grain storage silo supports 208, a conveying auger bearing seat 209, and a conveying connecting cylinder 210. The grain storage silo body 207 is fixed to the base plate 101 by two grain storage silo supports 208. The lower part of the grain storage silo body 207 is connected to the lower part of the auxiliary elevator housing 205, which is tilted at an adjustable angle, through the conveying connecting cylinder 210. The conveying auger 202 is arranged at the bottom of the grain storage silo body 207, the bottom of the conveying connecting cylinder 210, and the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing 205. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the conveying auger 202 are mounted on the grain storage silo body 207 and the auxiliary elevator housing 205 through two conveying auger bearing seats 209. The auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203 is keyed and mounted on the rotating shaft inside the auxiliary elevator housing 205 of the conveying auger 202; the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206 is keyed and mounted on the rotating shaft outside the auxiliary elevator housing 205 of the conveying auger 202; the rotating shaft of the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214 is mounted on the top of the auxiliary elevator housing 205 via the auxiliary elevator sprocket bearing seat 213; the auxiliary elevator chain 204 is arranged on the auxiliary elevator drive sprocket 203 and the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket 214, and multiple auxiliary elevator scrapers (not shown in the figure) are equally spaced on the auxiliary elevator chain 204 for conveying grain from the bottom of the auxiliary elevator to the top of the auxiliary elevator grain outlet 212. The scraper of the auxiliary elevator rotates with the chain 204 of the auxiliary elevator, and lifts the grain conveyed by the conveying auger 202 to the grain outlet 212 of the auxiliary elevator when it passes the bottom of the auxiliary elevator.

[0118] Preferably, the auxiliary lift assembly 2 further includes an auxiliary lift telescopic adjustment rod 216, which is hinged to the auxiliary lift housing 205 via an auxiliary lift adjustment base 215, and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the auxiliary lift.

[0119] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the main elevator assembly 3 includes a screen plate mechanism 301, a feeding bin 302, a feeding auger 303, a main elevator drive sprocket 304, a main elevator driven sprocket 320, a main elevator chain 305, a main elevator housing 306, a main elevator drive pulley 307, a grain flow monitoring sensor 308, and a moisture content sensor 309, which are used to realize the screening of crushed grains in the circulating grain flow, grain feeding and feed amount control, and grain flow monitoring.

[0120] The feeding bin 302 is located below the grain outlet 212 of the auxiliary elevator. The feeding bin 302 includes a feeding bin body 314, a feeding bin support 315, a feeding auger bearing seat 316, and a feeding connecting cylinder 317. The feeding bin body 314 is fixed to the base plate 101 by two feeding bin supports 315. The lower part of the feeding bin body 314 is connected to the lower part of the main elevator housing 306, which has an adjustable tilt angle, through the feeding connecting cylinder 317. The feeding auger 303 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding bin body 314, the feeding connecting cylinder 317, and the bottom of the main elevator housing 306. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the feeding auger 303 are mounted on the feeding bin body 314 and the main elevator housing 306 through two feeding auger bearing seats 316. The main elevator drive sprocket 304 is keyed and mounted on a rotating shaft inside the main elevator housing 306 of the feeding auger 303; the main elevator drive pulley 307 is keyed and mounted on a rotating shaft outside the main elevator housing 306 of the feeding auger 303; the rotating shaft of the main elevator driven sprocket 320 is mounted on the top of the main elevator housing 306 via a main elevator sprocket bearing seat 319; the main elevator chain 305 is disposed on the main elevator drive sprocket 304 and the main elevator driven sprocket 320, and multiple main elevator scrapers (not shown in the figures) are provided at equal intervals on the main elevator chain 305 for conveying grain from the bottom of the main elevator to the main elevator discharge port 318 at the top of the main elevator. The scraper of the main elevator rotates with the chain 305 of the main elevator, and when it passes the bottom of the main elevator, it can lift the grain fed into the auger 303 to the grain outlet 318 of the main elevator. The grain outlet 318 of the main elevator faces the main body of the grain storage silo 207.

[0121] Multiple grain flow monitoring sensors 308 are evenly spaced along the width of the main elevator housing 306 on the upper part of the main elevator housing 306. Each grain flow monitoring sensor 308 is a through-beam photoelectric sensor, with its transmitting and receiving ends fixed to two side plates of the main elevator housing 306, respectively. The beam emitted from the transmitting end is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the main elevator chain 305. When the scraper of the main elevator chain 305 passes by, it causes signal blockage, meaning the receiving end cannot receive the signal. A moisture content sensor 309 is located at the bottom of the main elevator housing 306.

[0122] Preferably, the main elevator assembly 3 further includes a main elevator telescopic adjustment rod 322, which is hinged to the main elevator housing 206 via the main elevator adjustment base 321, and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the main elevator.

[0123] The sieve plate mechanism 301 is arranged between the grain outlet 212 of the auxiliary elevator and the grain feed bin 302, and is used to remove broken grains from the grain stream. The sieve plate mechanism 301 includes a sieve 310, a sieve slide plate 311, a sieve plate support 312, and a broken grain trough 313. The sieve slide plate 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sieve 310 at a certain distance. The sieve 310 and the sieve slide plate 311 are obliquely fixed to the grain feed bin body 314 through the sieve plate support 312. The broken grain trough 313 is detachably fixed to the side wall of the grain feed bin body 314, located below the sieve 310 and the sieve slide plate 311, and is used to collect broken grains.

[0124] Since the amount of broken grains may gradually increase due to mechanical damage during the grain circulation process, the sieve plate mechanism 301 can remove broken grains from the grain flow. The grain flowing out of the auxiliary elevator outlet 212 slides down the inclined sieve 310 into the feed bin 302 under its own weight, and the broken grains fall through the mesh of the sieve 310 onto the sieve slide plate 311 and slide into the broken grain trough 313 below.

[0125] The high-precision weighing mechanism 4 is arranged between the grain outlet 318 of the main elevator and the grain storage bin 201. Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the high-precision weighing mechanism 4 includes a conical hopper 401, a pressure sensor 402, a flipping mechanism 404, and a hopper mounting bracket 417.

[0126] The hopper mounting bracket 417 includes a sliding frame 405 and a fixed slide rail frame 406. The fixed slide rail frame 406 is fixedly connected to the base plate 101 and located on the outside of the grain storage silo 201. The fixed slide rail frame 406 is provided with two slide rails 418 parallel to the axis of the conveying auger 202. The sliding frame 405 is provided with two sets of directional wheels 415 corresponding to the two slide rails 418 respectively. The sliding frame 405 slides along the slide rails 418 of the fixed slide rail frame 406 through the directional wheels 415. The slide rails 418 are provided with multiple limiting holes at equal intervals. The sliding frame 405 is provided with a limiting rod 416 that can move vertically up and down. The sliding frame 405 is inserted into the limiting holes on the slide rails 418 through the limiting rod 416 to fix its relative position with the fixed slide rail frame 406. During unloading, pulling up the limiting rod 416 can move the sliding frame 405, so that the grain is evenly poured into the grain storage silo 201, avoiding excessive accumulation of grain. The slide rail 418 is provided with slide rail end baffles 419 at both ends to prevent the sliding frame 405 from rushing out of the slide rail 418.

[0127] The conical hopper 401 is a conical cylindrical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Grains enter from the top and exit from the bottom. The conical hopper 401 is mounted on a sliding frame 405 by three support feet on its outer side. A pressure sensor 402 is provided between each support foot and the sliding frame 405 to measure the change in the mass of grains in the hopper.

[0128] The flap mechanism 404 is used to cover the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 and adjust the size of the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 as the sliding frame 405 moves.

[0129] like Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, the flipping mechanism 404 includes a flipping plate 410, a flipping plate rotating shaft 411, a rotating shaft drive arm 412, a limiting shaft 413, a shaft seat plate 414, and a limiting shaft groove 211. The flipping plate rotating shaft 411 is hinged to two shaft seat plates 414 fixed to the outside of the discharge port of the conical hopper 401. The flipping plate 410 is fixed to the flipping plate rotating shaft 411 between the two shaft seat plates 414, located directly below the discharge port of the conical hopper 401. The upper end of the rotating shaft drive arm 412 is perpendicularly fixed to the flipping plate rotating shaft 411, and the lower end is perpendicularly fixed to the limiting shaft 413. The limiting shaft groove 211 is fixed to the inner wall of the grain storage silo body 207 along the axial direction of the conveying auger 202. The limiting shaft groove 211 consists of a horizontal lower groove plate and... An inclined upper trough plate is formed; from the first end to the last end of the limiting shaft slide 211, the upper trough plate gradually moves away from the lower trough plate; the limiting shaft 413 is embedded between the lower trough plates of the limiting shaft slide 211; when the conical hopper 401 is directly below the grain outlet 318 of the main elevator, the limiting shaft 413 is located at the first end of the limiting shaft slide 211, and the flap 410 completely covers the discharge port of the conical hopper 401; when the conical hopper 401 slides from the first end to the last end of the fixed slide rail frame 406 with the sliding frame 405, the limiting shaft 413 gradually moves upward and towards the last end of the limiting shaft slide 211 along the upper trough plate of the limiting shaft slide 211, thereby causing the flap rotating shaft 411 to rotate, driving the flap 410 to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of the conical hopper 401.

[0130] Preferably, to ensure that the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 will not open due to accidental movement when the main elevator discharges material, the high-precision weighing mechanism 4 further includes a flap locking mechanism 403.

[0131] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the flap locking mechanism 403 includes a locking plate 407, a locking shaft 408, and a locking push rod 409. The top end of the locking shaft 408 is rotatably connected to a support leg of the conical hopper 401 via an adjustable threaded sleeve. The locking plate 407 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the locking shaft 408. The locking push rod 409 is threadedly connected to the middle of the locking shaft 408. Pushing the locking push rod 409 causes the locking shaft 408 and the locking plate 407 to rotate, so that the locking plate 407 rotates to below the flap 410 or separates from the flap 410, thereby fastening the flap 410 to the discharge port of the conical hopper 401 or removing the restriction on the rotation of the flap 410.

[0132] The flap locking mechanism 403 is installed on the conical hopper 401, so that the mass of the grain pile borne by the flap 410 still acts on the conical hopper 401, avoiding the external components bearing the weight of the conical hopper 401 and affecting the accuracy of the pressure sensor 402 measurement.

[0133] like Figure 11 As shown, the transmission system assembly 5 consists of two identical power output mechanisms, providing power to the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator respectively. Each power output mechanism includes an asynchronous variable frequency motor 501, a primary drive pulley 502, a primary driven pulley 503, a secondary drive pulley 504, a pulley support 505, and a transmission belt 506. The asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 and the pulley support 505 are fixedly connected to the base plate 101. The primary drive pulley 502 is fixed to the power output shaft of the asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 via a key connection. The primary driven pulley 503 and the secondary drive pulley 504 are coaxially mounted on the pulley support 505. Transmission belts 506 are provided on the primary drive pulley 502 and the primary driven pulley 503, as well as on the secondary drive pulley 504 and on either the main elevator drive pulley 307 or the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206.

[0134] The diameter of the first-stage driving pulley 502 is smaller than the diameter of the first-stage driven pulley 503, the diameter of the second-stage driving pulley 504 is smaller than the diameter of the first-stage driven pulley 503, and the diameter of the second-stage driving pulley 504 is smaller than the diameter of the main elevator drive pulley 307 and the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206, so as to realize a two-stage reducer to increase the output torque of the motor.

[0135] A test method for monitoring grain flow circulation with multi-condition simulation function includes the following steps:

[0136] S1, Multi-condition simulation settings;

[0137] S1.1 Feeding volume control;

[0138] First, fill the main body 314 of the feeding bin with enough grain to submerge the feeding auger 303; then start the corresponding asynchronous frequency converter motor 501 to drive the feeding auger 303 to rotate for a certain period of time, so that the space between the blades of the feeding auger 303 is filled with grain; then start the asynchronous frequency converter motor 501 again to continuously transport grain to the feeding auger 303 at a certain test speed, and record the test speed v of the feeding auger 303. k , conveying time t k and delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, m k Repeat the experiment n times and take the average value. Calculate the conveying amount q per revolution of the feeding auger 303 using Formula 1. Set different speeds of the feeding auger 303 and calculate the conveying amount Q per unit time of the feeding auger 303 at the current speed v using Formula 2.

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] In Formulas 1 and 2, q is the feed rate per revolution of the auger 303, in kg; Q is the feed rate per unit time of the auger 303 at the current rotational speed v, in kg; k = 1, 2, 3…n, where n is the number of trials; v k The test rotational speed is expressed in r / s; t k The delivery time is expressed in seconds (s); m k For the delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, in kg;

[0142] S1.2, Lifter tilt angle setting;

[0143] The tilt angles of the main elevator housing 306 and the auxiliary elevator housing 205 are adjusted by the telescopic adjustment rod 322 of the main elevator and the telescopic adjustment rod 216 of the auxiliary elevator. The maximum tilt angle shall not exceed 90°.

[0144] S1.3, Elevator speed setting;

[0145] Adjust the output speed of the asynchronous variable frequency motor 501 or the transmission ratio of the two-stage belt drive, and adjust the speed of the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator;

[0146] S2, Grain flow circulation monitoring;

[0147] A certain mass of grain is filled into the storage silo 201; two asynchronous variable frequency motors 501 are started to drive the auxiliary elevator drive pulley 206 and the main elevator drive pulley 307 to rotate, which in turn drives the conveying auger 202 and the auxiliary elevator chain 204, as well as the feeding auger 303 and the main elevator chain 305 to rotate. The grain enters the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing 205 under the conveying action of the conveying auger 202, and the auxiliary elevator chain 204 lifts the grain to the auxiliary elevator. Grain is discharged from the auxiliary elevator outlet 212 and spills into the screen plate mechanism 301. Crushed grains fall through the screen 310 into the screen slide plate 311 and finally slide into the crushed grain trough 313, while normal grains slide along the surface of the screen 310 into the feed hopper 302. Under the conveying action of the feeding auger 303, the grains enter the bottom of the main elevator housing 306, and the main elevator chain 305 lifts the grains to the main elevator outlet 318. Grain flow is captured during this process. The interval between two blocked signals triggering the quantity monitoring sensor 308; simultaneously, the moisture content sensor 309 at the bottom of the main elevator housing 306 measures the grain moisture content; grain spilled from the main elevator outlet 318 enters the conical hopper 401, and the pressure sensor 402 measures the change in grain mass in the conical hopper 401 over a certain period of time; when it is necessary to release the grain in the hopper, first rotate the locking push rod 409, which drives the locking shaft 408 and the locking plate 407 to rotate, thus locking... When plate 407 separates from flap 410, the limiting rod 416 in hopper support 417 is pulled out, and hopper support 417 is pushed. The limiting shaft 413 moves gradually upward and towards the end of the limiting shaft groove 211 along the upper groove plate of the limiting shaft groove 211, thereby causing flap shaft 411 to rotate, driving flap 410 to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of conical hopper 401. Conical hopper 401 completes unloading during the movement, ensuring that the grain in storage bin 201 is evenly piled up.

[0148] S3, Grain weight calculation;

[0149] S3.1 Calculation of grain pile volume;

[0150] Based on the time interval between two triggering signals by each grain flow monitoring sensor 308, the height of the grain pile on the scraper measured by each grain flow monitoring sensor 308 is calculated using Formula 3. Combining the installation position of each grain flow monitoring sensor 308, the scraper width w, and the scraper length l, a coordinate system for the cross-sectional area of ​​the grain pile is established, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the starting and ending coordinates of the scraper width direction are (0,0) and (w,0) respectively. The coordinates (a1,h1), (a2,h2), ... (a...) are obtained from the abscissa of each grain flow monitoring sensor 308 in the coordinate system and the measured height of the grain pile. p-1 ,h p-1 ),(a p ,h pThe cross-sectional area and volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper are calculated by using a cubic polynomial to fit the coordinate points and by using formulas 4 and 5.

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] V j =S j Formula 5

[0154] In formulas 3-5, h i Let be the height of the grain pile detected by the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor 308, in cm; where i = 1, 2, 3…p, and p is the number of grain flow monitoring sensors 308; h0 is the distance between two adjacent scrapers under no-load conditions, in cm; t0 is the time interval between the grain flow monitoring sensor 308 being triggered by the blocking signals of two scrapers under no-load conditions, in seconds; t i Let f(x) be the time interval in seconds between the triggering of the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor 308 by the scraper and grain pile obstruction signals; f(x) is the curve fitting function, representing the measured value of the grain flow monitoring sensor 308 at a certain location, f(x) = c3x 3 +c2x 2 +c1x+c0, where x is an unknown variable, c0, c1, c2, and c3 are fitting coefficients, solved using the least squares method; dx is the derivative of the unknown variable x; w is the scraper width in cm; l is the scraper length in cm; S j Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm². 2 V j Let J be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ;

[0155] S3.2 Calculation of total grain mass;

[0156] Based on the real-time moisture content measured by the moisture content sensor 309, the grain density is corrected using formula 6; the volume of the grain pile is obtained according to step S3.1, and the total mass of the grain is calculated using formula 7.

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] In Formulas 6 and 7, η0 is the initial moisture content of the grain; ρ0 is the density of the grain when the initial moisture content is η0, in g / cm³. 3η' is the real-time moisture content of the grain pile measured by the moisture content sensor 309; ρ' is the corrected grain density, in g / cm³. 3 Where j = 1, 2, 3…N, and N is the total number of scrapers; V j Let be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ;

[0160] S3.3 Monitoring error;

[0161] The total grain mass calculated in step S3.2 is compared with the grain mass change in the conical hopper 401 measured by pressure sensor 402 to clarify the monitoring error of the grain flow circulation monitoring test device.

[0162] The weight of the grain can be calculated by comparing the empty weight of the conical hopper 401 measured by the pressure sensor 402 with the current weight.

[0163] The grain flow circulation direction of the present invention is as follows: grain storage bin 201 → auxiliary elevator chain 204 → auxiliary elevator outlet 212 → sieve plate mechanism 301 → feeding bin 302 → main elevator chain 305 → main elevator outlet 318 → conical hopper 401 → grain storage bin 201.

[0164] The above figures and embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A grain flow circulation monitoring test device with multi-condition simulation function, characterized in that, The grain flow circulation monitoring test device includes a chassis assembly (1), a secondary elevator assembly (2), a main elevator assembly (3), a high-precision weighing mechanism (4), and a transmission system assembly (5); The device chassis assembly (1) is a movable chassis, including a base plate (101); The auxiliary elevator assembly (2) includes a grain storage bin (201), a conveying auger (202), an auxiliary elevator drive sprocket (203), an auxiliary elevator driven sprocket (214), an auxiliary elevator chain (204), an auxiliary elevator housing (205), and an auxiliary elevator drive pulley (206); The grain storage silo (201) includes a grain storage silo body (207), grain storage silo supports (208), a conveying auger bearing seat (209), and a conveying connecting cylinder (210). The grain storage silo body (207) is fixed to the base plate (101) via two grain storage silo supports (208). The lower part of the grain storage silo body (207) is connected to the lower part of the auxiliary elevator housing (205), which is adjustable in tilt angle, via the conveying connecting cylinder (210). The conveying auger (202) is arranged at the bottom of the grain storage silo body (207), the bottom of the conveying connecting cylinder (210), and the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing (205). The two ends of the rotating shaft of the conveying auger (202) are installed on the grain storage silo body (207) and the auxiliary elevator housing (205) via two conveying auger bearing seats (209). 5) The auxiliary elevator drive sprocket (203) is keyed and mounted on the shaft inside the auxiliary elevator housing (205) of the conveying auger (202); the auxiliary elevator drive pulley (206) is keyed and mounted on the shaft outside the auxiliary elevator housing (205) of the conveying auger (202); the shaft of the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket (214) is mounted on the top of the auxiliary elevator housing (205) via the auxiliary elevator sprocket bearing seat (213); the auxiliary elevator chain (204) is mounted on the auxiliary elevator drive sprocket (203) and the auxiliary elevator driven sprocket (214), and multiple auxiliary elevator scrapers for conveying grain from the bottom to the top of the auxiliary elevator grain outlet (212) are provided at equal intervals on the auxiliary elevator chain (204); The main elevator assembly (3) includes a sieve plate mechanism (301), a feeding bin (302), a feeding auger (303), a main elevator drive sprocket (304), a main elevator driven sprocket (320), a main elevator chain (305), a main elevator housing (306), a main elevator drive pulley (307), a grain flow monitoring sensor (308), and a moisture content sensor (309); The feeding bin (302) is located below the grain outlet (212) of the auxiliary elevator. The feeding bin (302) includes a feeding bin body (314), feeding bin supports (315), feeding auger bearing seats (316), and feeding connecting cylinder (317). The feeding bin body (314) is fixed to the base plate (101) by two feeding bin supports (315). The lower part of the feeding bin body (314) is connected to the feeding auger by a feeding auger. The feed connecting cylinder (317) is connected to the lower part of the main elevator housing (306) with adjustable tilt angle; the feed auger (303) is arranged in the bottom of the feed bin body (314), the feed connecting cylinder (317), and the bottom of the main elevator housing (306), and the two ends of the rotating shaft of the feed auger (303) are installed in the feed bin body (314) and the main elevator housing (306) through two feed auger bearing seats (316). 6) The main elevator drive sprocket (304) is keyed and mounted on the shaft inside the main elevator housing (306) of the feeding auger (303); the main elevator drive pulley (307) is keyed and mounted on the shaft outside the main elevator housing (306) of the feeding auger (303); the shaft of the main elevator driven sprocket (320) is mounted via the main elevator sprocket bearing seat (319). At the top of the main elevator housing (306); the main elevator chain (305) is arranged on the main elevator drive sprocket (304) and the main elevator driven sprocket (320), and multiple main elevator scrapers for conveying grain from the bottom of the main elevator to the main elevator outlet (318) at equal intervals are provided on the main elevator chain (305); the main elevator outlet (318) faces the main body of the grain storage silo (207); Multiple grain flow monitoring sensors (308) are equally spaced along the width direction of the main elevator housing (306) on the upper part of the main elevator housing (306); the moisture content sensor (309) is located at the bottom of the main elevator housing (306); The sieve plate mechanism (301) is arranged between the grain outlet (212) of the auxiliary elevator and the grain feed bin (302) to remove broken particles from the grain stream; The high-precision weighing mechanism (4) is arranged between the grain outlet (318) of the main elevator and the grain storage bin (201); the high-precision weighing mechanism (4) includes a conical hopper (401), a pressure sensor (402), a flipping mechanism (404) and a hopper mounting bracket (417); The hopper mounting bracket (417) includes a sliding frame (405) and a fixed slide rail frame (406); the fixed slide rail frame (406) is fixedly connected to the base plate (101) and located on the outside of the grain storage bin (201); the fixed slide rail frame (406) is provided with two slide rails (418) parallel to the axis of the conveying auger (202); the sliding frame (405) is provided with two sets of directional wheels (415) corresponding to the two slide rails (418) respectively. The sliding frame (405) slides along the slide rail (418) of the fixed slide rail frame (406) via the directional wheel (415); the slide rail (418) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes at equal intervals, and the sliding frame (405) is provided with a limiting rod (416) that can move vertically up and down. The sliding frame (405) is inserted into the limiting hole on the slide rail (418) through the limiting rod (416) to fix its relative position with the fixed slide rail frame (406); The conical hopper (401) is mounted on a sliding frame (405) by three support feet on its outer side. A pressure sensor (402) is provided between each support foot and the sliding frame (405) to measure the change in the mass of the grain in the hopper. The flap mechanism (404) is used to cover the discharge port of the conical hopper (401) and adjust the size of the discharge port of the conical hopper (401) as the sliding frame (405) moves; The flip-plate mechanism (404) includes a flip-plate (410), a flip-plate rotating shaft (411), a rotating shaft drive arm (412), a limiting shaft (413), a shaft seat plate (414), and a limiting shaft groove (211); the flip-plate rotating shaft (411) is hinged to two shaft seat plates (414) fixed to the outside of the discharge port of the conical hopper (401); the flip-plate (410) is fixed between the two shaft seat plates (414). The flap rotating shaft (411) is located directly below the discharge port of the conical hopper (401); the upper end of the rotating shaft drive arm (412) is vertically fixed to the flap rotating shaft (411), and the lower end is vertically fixed to the limiting shaft (413); the limiting shaft slide groove (211) is fixed to the inner wall of the grain storage silo body (207) along the axis of the conveying auger (202); the limiting shaft slide groove (211) consists of a horizontal lower groove plate. It consists of an inclined upper trough plate; from the beginning to the end of the limiting shaft slide (211), the upper trough plate gradually moves away from the lower trough plate; the limiting shaft (413) is embedded between the lower trough plate and the lower trough plate of the limiting shaft slide (211); when the conical hopper (401) is located directly below the grain outlet (318) of the main elevator, the limiting shaft (413) is located at the beginning of the limiting shaft slide (211), and the flapper (410) moves the conical hopper ( The discharge port of the cone hopper (401) is completely covered; when the cone hopper (401) slides from the first end to the last end of the fixed slide rail frame (406) along the sliding frame (405), the limiting shaft (413) gradually moves upward and towards the end of the limiting shaft slide groove (211) along the upper groove plate of the limiting shaft slide groove (211), thereby causing the flap rotating shaft (411) to rotate, driving the flap (410) to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of the cone hopper (401); The transmission system assembly (5) consists of two identical power output mechanisms, which provide power to the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator, respectively. The power output mechanism includes an asynchronous variable frequency motor (501), a first-stage driving pulley (502), a first-stage driven pulley (503), a second-stage driving pulley (504), a pulley support (505), and a transmission belt (506). The asynchronous variable frequency motor (501) and the pulley support (505) are fixedly connected to the base plate (101). The driving pulley (502) is fixed to the power output shaft of the asynchronous variable frequency motor (501) by a key connection; the first-stage driven pulley (503) and the second-stage driving pulley (504) are coaxially mounted on the pulley support (505); the first-stage driving pulley (502) and the first-stage driven pulley (503), as well as the second-stage driving pulley (504) and the main elevator drive pulley (307) or the auxiliary elevator drive pulley (206) are all provided with transmission belts (506).

2. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device chassis assembly 1 further includes full brake casters (102), which are fixed to the four corners of the lower surface of the base plate (101) by bolts. During the test operation, the full brake casters (102) are locked to ensure the stability of the base plate (101). After the test, the full brake casters (102) are released to facilitate the movement of the test device.

3. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base plate (101) is equipped with guardrail posts (104) and guardrails (103). The hinge sleeves of the guardrail posts (104) and the hinge shafts on the guardrails (103) cooperate to realize the opening and closing of the guardrails.

4. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary elevator assembly (2) further includes an auxiliary elevator telescopic adjustment rod (216), which is hinged to the auxiliary elevator housing (205) via an auxiliary elevator adjustment base (215) to adjust the tilt angle of the auxiliary elevator; the main elevator assembly (3) further includes a main elevator telescopic adjustment rod (322), which is hinged to the main elevator housing (206) via a main elevator adjustment base (321) to adjust the tilt angle of the main elevator.

5. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grain flow monitoring sensor (308) is a through-beam photoelectric sensor, with its transmitting end and receiving end fixed on the two side plates of the main elevator housing (306) respectively; the beam emitted by the transmitting end is perpendicular to the movement direction of the main elevator chain (305).

6. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sieve plate mechanism (301) includes a sieve (310), a sieve slide plate (311), a sieve plate support (312), and a crushing trough (313). The sieve slide plate (311) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sieve (310) at a certain distance. The sieve (310) and the sieve slide plate (311) are obliquely fixed to the main body of the feed bin (314) through the sieve plate support (312). The crushing trough (313) is detachably fixed to the side wall of the main body of the feed bin (314) and is located below the sieve (310) and the sieve slide plate (311) for collecting crushed particles.

7. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail (418) is provided with slide rail end baffles (419) at both ends to prevent the sliding frame (405) from rushing out of the slide rail (418).

8. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-precision weighing mechanism (4) further includes a flap locking mechanism (403); the flap locking mechanism (403) includes a locking plate (407), a locking shaft (408), and a locking push rod (409); the top end of the locking shaft (408) is rotatably connected to a support leg of the conical hopper (401) via an adjustable threaded sleeve; the locking plate (407) is fixed to the bottom of the locking shaft (408). End; the locking push rod (409) is threadedly connected to the middle of the locking shaft (408); pushing the locking push rod (409) drives the locking shaft (408) and the locking plate (407) to rotate, so that the locking plate (407) rotates to the bottom of the flap (410) or separates from the flap (410), thereby fastening the flap (410) to the outlet of the conical hopper (401) or removing the rotation restriction on the flap (410).

9. The grain flow circulation monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the primary driving pulley (502) is smaller than the diameter of the primary driven pulley (503), the diameter of the secondary driving pulley (504) is smaller than the diameter of the primary driven pulley (503), and the diameter of the secondary driving pulley (504) is smaller than the diameter of the main elevator drive pulley (307) and the auxiliary elevator drive pulley (206).

10. A grain flow circulation monitoring test method with multi-condition simulation function based on the grain flow circulation monitoring test system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1, Multi-condition simulation settings; S1.1 Feeding amount control; First, fill the main body of the feeding bin (314) with enough grain to submerge the feeding auger (303); start the corresponding asynchronous frequency converter motor (501) to drive the feeding auger (303) to rotate for a certain period of time, so that the space between the blades of the feeding auger (303) is filled with grain; then start the asynchronous frequency converter motor (501) again, and at a certain test speed, make the feeding auger (303) continuously transport grain, and record the test speed v of the feeding auger (303). k , conveying time t k and delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, m k Repeat the experiment n times and take the average value. Calculate the conveying amount q per revolution of the feeding auger (303) using Formula 1. Set different rotation speeds of the feeding auger (303) and calculate the conveying amount Q per unit time of the feeding auger (303) at the current rotation speed v using Formula 2. In Formulas 1 and 2, q is the conveying capacity per revolution of the feeding auger (303), in kg; Q is the conveying capacity per unit time of the feeding auger (303) at the current rotational speed v, in kg; k = 1, 2, 3…n, where n is the number of trials; v k The test rotational speed is expressed in r / s; t k The delivery time is expressed in seconds (s); m k For the delivery time t k The mass of grain transported internally, in kg; S1.2, Lifter tilt angle setting; The tilt angles of the main elevator housing (306) and the auxiliary elevator housing (205) are adjusted by the telescopic adjustment rod (322) of the main elevator and the telescopic adjustment rod (216) of the auxiliary elevator. S1.3, Elevator speed setting; Adjust the output speed of the asynchronous variable frequency motor (501) or the transmission ratio of the two-stage belt drive, and adjust the speed of the main elevator and the auxiliary elevator; S2, Grain flow circulation monitoring; A certain mass of grain is filled into the grain storage silo (201); Two asynchronous variable frequency motors (501) are started to drive the auxiliary elevator drive pulley (206) and the main elevator drive pulley (307) to rotate, which in turn drives the conveying auger (202) and the auxiliary elevator chain (204), as well as the feeding auger (303) and the main elevator chain (305) to rotate. The grain enters the bottom of the auxiliary elevator housing (205) under the conveying action of the conveying auger (202), and the auxiliary elevator chain (204) lifts the grain to the auxiliary elevator outlet (212); the grain exits from the auxiliary elevator. Grain (212) spills into the sieve plate mechanism (301), and crushed grains fall through the sieve (310) into the sieve slide plate (311), eventually sliding into the crushed grain trough (313), while normal grains slide down the surface of the sieve (310) into the feed hopper (302); the grains are conveyed by the feeding auger (303) into the bottom of the main elevator housing (306), and the main elevator chain (305) lifts the grains to the main elevator outlet (318); the grain flow monitoring sensor (308) acquires data during the process. The interval between the two blocking signals; simultaneously, the moisture content sensor (309) at the bottom of the main elevator housing (306) measures the grain moisture content; the grain spilled from the main elevator outlet (318) enters the conical hopper (401), and the pressure sensor (402) measures the change in grain mass in the conical hopper (401) over a certain period of time; when it is necessary to release the grain in the hopper, first rotate the locking push rod (409), which drives the locking shaft (408) and the locking plate (407) to rotate, so that the locking plate (407) and the flipper... When the plate (410) is separated, the limiting rod (416) in the hopper support (417) is pulled out and the hopper support (417) is pushed. The limiting shaft (413) moves gradually upward and towards the end of the limiting shaft groove (211) along the upper groove plate of the limiting shaft groove (211), thereby causing the flip plate rotating shaft (411) to rotate, driving the flip plate (410) to rotate, and gradually opening the discharge port of the conical hopper (401). The conical hopper (401) completes unloading during the movement, ensuring that the grain in the storage bin (201) is evenly piled up. S3, Grain weight calculation; S3.1 Calculation of grain pile volume; Based on the interval between the two blocking signals triggered by each grain flow monitoring sensor (308), the height of the grain pile on the scraper measured by each grain flow monitoring sensor (308) is calculated using Formula 3. Combining the installation position of each grain flow monitoring sensor (308), the scraper width w, and the scraper length l, a coordinate system of the grain pile cross-sectional area is established. The starting and ending coordinates of the scraper width direction are (0,0) and (w,0), respectively. The coordinate points (a1,h1), (a2,h2), ... (a...) are obtained from the abscissa of each grain flow monitoring sensor (308) in the coordinate system and the height of the grain pile it measures. p-1 ,h p-1 ),(a p ,h p The cross-sectional area and volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper are calculated by using a cubic polynomial to fit the curves of these coordinate points and by using formulas 4 and 5. V j =S j Formula 5 In formulas 3-5, h i Let be the height of the grain pile detected by the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor (308), in cm; where i = 1, 2, 3…p, and p is the number of grain flow monitoring sensors (308); h0 is the distance between two adjacent scrapers under no-load conditions, in cm; t0 is the time interval between the grain flow monitoring sensor (308) being triggered by the blocking signals of two scrapers under no-load conditions, in seconds; t i Let f(x) be the time interval in seconds between the triggering of the i-th grain flow monitoring sensor (308) by the scraper and grain pile blocking signals; f(x) is the curve fitting function, representing the measured value of the grain flow monitoring sensor (308) at a certain location, f(x) = c3x 3 +c2x 2 +c1x+c0, where x is an unknown variable, c0, c1, c2, and c3 are fitting coefficients, solved using the least squares method; dx is the derivative of the unknown variable x; w is the scraper width in cm; l is the scraper length in cm; S j Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm². 2 V j Let J be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ; S3.2 Calculation of total grain mass; Based on the real-time moisture content measured by the moisture content sensor (309), the grain density is corrected using Formula 6; the volume of the grain pile is obtained according to step S3.1, and the total mass of the grain is calculated using Formula 7. In Formulas 6 and 7, η0 is the initial moisture content of the grain; ρ0 is the density of the grain when the initial moisture content is η0, in g / cm³. 3 η' is the real-time moisture content of the grain pile measured by the moisture sensor (309); ρ' is the corrected grain density in g / cm³. 3 Where j = 1, 2, 3…N, and N is the total number of scrapers; V j Let be the volume of the grain pile on the j-th scraper, in cm³. 3 ; S3.3 Monitoring error; The total grain mass calculated in step S3.2 is compared with the grain mass change in the conical hopper (401) measured by the pressure sensor (402) to clarify the monitoring error of the grain flow circulation monitoring test device.

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