Muon transmission imaging detection device and overburden detection method

Abstract

This invention proposes a muon transmission imaging detection device and a method for detecting overlying strata. The muon transmission imaging detection device of this invention includes: a muon detection unit for receiving muon bombardment; the outer surface of a first detection unit faces upwards, the outer surface of a second detection unit faces downwards, and the outer surface of a third detection unit faces peripherally; the first, third, and second detection units are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the dimension of the third detection unit in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to a first preset value; and a signal acquisition and data storage unit electrically connected to the muon detection unit. Therefore, the muon transmission imaging detection device according to this invention has the advantage of facilitating the monitoring of the number of muon bombardments and the incident angle for structural detection of overlying strata.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, specifically to a muon transmission imaging detection device and a method for detecting overlying strata. Background Technology

[0002] During coal mining, mining activities can cause the overlying strata to collapse and fracture, potentially creating water-conducting fracture zones that connect the goaf to the aquifer. This can lead to water accumulating in the old goaf flowing into the lower coal seam goaf, increasing the risk of mine flooding. Therefore, accurately detecting the structure of the overlying strata in mine tunnels is crucial for improving coal mining site selection and methods, as well as preventing mine water inrush accidents and groundwater loss. Current techniques for detecting overlying strata in coal mine tunnels primarily employ core drilling. While this method offers high accuracy, the inherent randomness of drilling necessitates a high borehole density to ensure accuracy over a wide area, resulting in a large workload and relatively low cost-effectiveness.

[0003] Natural cosmic ray muons (μ+ / μ-, also known as muons) originate from the decay of π mesons produced by collisions between primordial high-energy particles in outer space and atmospheric molecules. Their energy and angle are continuously and uniformly distributed across the Earth's surface. The average energy of a muon is approximately 4 GeV, and its intensity is approximately 10⁻⁶. 4 m -2 min -1 Muns can penetrate dense strata thousands of meters thick, acting as a natural, non-destructive "probe." Muns lose energy through interaction with the material they travel through, allowing for the estimation of geological density distribution by measuring the decrease in flux before and after penetration. This method offers advantages such as high imaging resolution and immunity to vibrations and electromagnetic noise. In recent years, muon imaging has been applied to detect fine density anomalies in ancient buildings; however, its reliance on parallel probe structures limits the detection angle range, making it unsuitable for detecting overlying strata in coal mine tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a muon transmission imaging detection device and a method for detecting overlying strata.

[0005] The muon transmission imaging detection device of this invention includes:

[0006] A muon detection unit is used to receive muon bombardment. The outer surface of the first detection part of the muon detection unit faces upward, the outer surface of the second detection part faces downward, and the outer surface of the third detection part faces peripherally. The first detection part, the third detection part, and the second detection part are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The dimension of the third detection part in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to a first preset value. The muon detection unit can monitor the number of muon bombardments and the bombardment position of muons on the first detection part, the second detection part, and the third detection part.

[0007] The signal acquisition and data storage unit is electrically connected to the muon detection unit. The signal acquisition and data storage unit can acquire information on the number of times muons bombard the unit in order to count the number of muons. The signal acquisition and data storage unit can also acquire information on the bombardment position of each muon on the muon detection unit in order to calculate the incident angle of each muon based on the bombardment position information of each muon.

[0008] Therefore, the muon transmission imaging detection device according to the present invention has the advantage of facilitating the monitoring of the number of muon bombardments and the incident angle for structural detection of the overlying strata.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the first, second, and third detection units of the muon detection unit includes a first detection layer and a second detection layer adjacent to each other. The first detection layer cooperates with the adjacent second detection layer to locate the bombardment position of the muon. The first detection layer includes a plurality of plastic scintillators arranged side by side, and the second detection layer includes a plurality of plastic scintillators arranged side by side. The extending direction of the plastic scintillators in the first detection layer forms an angle with the extending direction of the plastic scintillators in the adjacent second detection layer. When a muon passes through the muon detection unit, the plastic scintillators on the muon ray path can emit light under muon excitation.

[0010] The muon detection unit includes multiple photodetectors, each of which is connected to a corresponding plastic scintillator. Each photodetector is used to monitor the optical signal of the plastic scintillator connected to it. The muon detection unit can be connected to the signal acquisition and data storage unit via a signal transmission line. The photodetectors can convert the optical signal of the plastic scintillator into an electrical signal and send it to the signal acquisition and data storage unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the muon detector is a multi-faceted prism structure extending in the vertical direction;

[0012] Alternatively, at least a portion of the outer surface of the muon detector is curved.

[0013] In some embodiments, the muon detector is a quadrangular prism structure;

[0014] The muon detection unit includes

[0015] The first detection plate has a thickness direction that is vertical, and the outer surface of the first detection plate faces upward. The first detection plate constitutes the first detection part.

[0016] The second detection plate has its thickness direction in the vertical direction and its outer surface facing downwards. The second detection plate constitutes the second detection part.

[0017] A third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plate are connected sequentially in the circumferential direction, constituting the third detection unit. The thickness direction of the third and fifth detection plates is a first horizontal direction, and they are arranged opposite each other in the first horizontal direction. The thickness direction of the fourth and sixth detection plates is a second horizontal direction, and they are arranged opposite each other in the second horizontal direction. The first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. Each of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plates is connected to the first and second detection plates at both ends in the vertical direction, respectively.

[0018] In some embodiments, each of the first detector plate, the second detector plate, the third detector plate, the fourth detector plate, the fifth detector plate, and the sixth detector plate includes the first detector layer and the second detector layer, wherein the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the first detector layer is perpendicular to the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the second detector layer.

[0019] In some embodiments, each of the first, second, and third detection units of the muon detection unit includes a third detection layer adjacent to the corresponding first and second detection layers, and the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the third detection layer is at an angle to the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of each of the adjacent first and second detection layers.

[0020] The muon transmission imaging detection device of this invention includes

[0021] A power supply, which is connected to the signal acquisition and data storage unit via a power supply line;

[0022] The housing and the base define a mounting cavity, and the muon detection unit, the signal acquisition and data storage unit and the power supply are located inside the mounting cavity.

[0023] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition and data storage unit can calculate the incident angle of each muon bombardment and store the data;

[0024] The signal acquisition and data storage unit includes a signal readout circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a discrimination and comparison circuit, and a signal acquisition and storage module, which are connected in sequence.

[0025] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the base is a horizontal plane, and a pose detector is provided on the upper surface of the base. The pose detector is used to monitor the position information and tilt angle of the base.

[0026] The present invention also proposes a method for detecting overlying strata using the aforementioned muon transmission imaging detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Multiple muon transmission imaging detection devices were placed inside the mine shafts.

[0028] The number of muons that penetrate the overlying rock strata and enter the tunnel, as well as the incident angle of the muons, are monitored using a muon transmission imaging detection device.

[0029] Based on the detection data, the number of muons detected at different incident angles within a first preset time period is counted. The variation in the number of muons in different track directions is obtained by subtracting the constant of muon flux above the overlying rock layer of the shaft. The density distribution differences in different track directions are then analyzed to analyze the overall structure of the overlying rock layer of the shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the muon transmission imaging detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a muon transmission imaging detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a photodetector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first muon detection layer and the second muon detection layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 2. Muon detector; 3. Signal acquisition and data storage unit; 4. Power supply; 5. Signal transmission line; 6. Power supply line; 7. Pose detector; 8. Base; 9. Plastic scintillator; 10. Photodetector; 11. First detection layer; 12. Second detection layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The muon transmission imaging detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the muon transmission imaging detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a muon detection unit 2 and a signal acquisition and data storage unit 3.

[0037] The muon detector 2 is used to receive muon bombardment. The outer surface (detection surface) of the first detector of the muon detector 2 faces upward, the outer surface (detection surface) of the second detector of the muon detector 2 faces downward, and the outer surface (detection surface) of the third detector of the muon detector 2 faces outward. The first, third, and second detectors are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The dimension of the third detector of the muon detector 2 in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to a first preset value. The muon detector 2 can monitor the number of muon bombardments and the bombardment positions of the muons on the first, second, and third detectors.

[0038] The signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 is electrically connected to the muon detection unit 2. The signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 can collect information on the number of times the muons bombard, so as to count the number of muons. The signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 can collect information on the bombardment position of each muon on the muon detection unit 2, so as to calculate the incident angle of each muon based on the bombardment position information of each muon.

[0039] In the muon transmission imaging detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the first detection unit of the muon detection section 2 faces upward, the outer surface of the second detection unit of the muon detection section 2 faces downward, and the outer surface of the third detection unit of the muon detection section 2 faces circumferentially. This allows the first detection unit to receive muons at its top when the muon detection section 2 is being bombarded by muons, while the second detection unit can receive bombardment from muons passing through it. Muons moving circumferentially toward the muon detection section 2 can bombard the third detection unit, enabling the third detection unit of the muon detection section 2 to monitor the number and location of circumferential bombardments. For example, the third detection unit may be a ring structure.

[0040] Compared to using a simple thin plate as a muon monitoring device, the muon transmission imaging detection device according to embodiments of the present invention can easily monitor the bombardment of muons from the top and circumference, thereby obtaining the number of muons and the bombardment location from the top and circumference, providing more monitoring data and improving the accuracy of the monitoring data. The number of bombardments and the incident angle of each bombardment can be calculated based on the monitoring data. Thus, after the muon transmission imaging detection device is placed in the shaft below the overlying rock layer, the muon detection unit 2 can monitor the number of muons passing through the overlying rock layer and the bombardment location, so as to calculate the number of muons and the incident angle of each muon based on the bombardment number and bombardment location information. Then, it can be compared and analyzed with the number of muons on the local ground (latitude, longitude and altitude) to analyze the structure of the overlying rock layer, that is, to complete the detection of the structure (fractures and water bodies) of the overlying rock layer.

[0041] Therefore, the muon transmission imaging detection device according to the present invention has the advantage of facilitating the monitoring of the number of muon bombardments and the incident angle for structural detection of the overlying strata.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, each of the first, second, and third detection units of the muon detection unit 2 includes a first detection layer 11 and a second detection layer 12 that are adjacent to each other.

[0043] The first detection layer 11 cooperates with the adjacent second detection layer 12 to locate the bombardment position of the muon. The first detection layer 11 includes a plurality of plastic scintillators 9 arranged side by side, and the second detection layer 12 includes a plurality of plastic scintillators 9 arranged side by side. Specifically, the plurality of plastic scintillators 9 arranged side by side are closely parallel to form the first detection layer 11, and the plurality of plastic scintillators 9 arranged side by side are closely parallel to form the second detection layer 12.

[0044] The extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 in the first detection layer 11 forms an angle with the extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 in the adjacent second detection layer 12. When a muon passes through the muon detection unit 2, the plastic scintillator 9 in the muon ray path can emit light under muon excitation. Different plastic scintillators 9 have different specific numbers, and the precise position coordinates of the muon bombarding the muon detection plate can be obtained from the flash of the plastic scintillator 9. When the muon passes through the muon detection unit 2, it will pass through the plastic scintillator 9 of the first detection layer 11 and the plastic scintillator 9 of the second detection layer 12 in sequence, causing the plastic scintillator 9 to emit light. The extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 in the first detection layer 11 forms an angle with the extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 in the adjacent second detection layer 12. The intersection of the emitting plastic scintillator 9 in the first detection layer 11 and the emitting plastic scintillator 9 in the second detection layer 12 is the position of the muon bombardment.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the muon detection unit 2 includes multiple photodetectors 10, each connected to a corresponding plastic scintillator 9. Each photodetector 10 monitors the light signal of the plastic scintillator 9 connected to it. The muon detection unit 2 can be connected to the signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 via a signal transmission line 5. The photodetectors 10 can convert the light signal of the plastic scintillator 9 into an electrical signal and send it to the signal acquisition and data storage unit 3. Specifically, the photodetectors 10 form a photodetector array and are adjacent to the plastic scintillators 9 in the first detection layer 11 and the second detection layer 12, so that each photodetector 10 can monitor whether the plastic scintillator 9 connected to it emits light and transmit the light emission information to the signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 as an electrical signal. For example, each photodetector 10 is connected to one end of the plastic scintillator 9 along its length.

[0046] The muon detector 2 has a three-dimensional structure. When the muon passes through the detector of the muon detector 2, the bombardment angle can be determined according to different bombardment positions.

[0047] In some embodiments, the muon detector 2 is a multi-faceted prism structure extending in the vertical direction. For example, the muon detector 2 is a quadrangular prism structure, a hexagonal prism structure, or an octagonal prism structure extending in the vertical direction.

[0048] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the outer surface of the muon detector 2 is an arc surface. For example, the outer surface of the muon detector 2 is a sphere.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the muon detection unit 2 has a quadrangular prism structure. The muon detection unit 2 includes a first detection plate, a second detection plate, a third detection plate, a fourth detection plate, a fifth detection plate, and a sixth detection plate.

[0050] The thickness direction of the first detection plate is vertical, and the outer surface of the first detection plate faces upward. The first detection plate constitutes the first detection part and is located on top of the muon detection part 2.

[0051] The thickness direction of the second detection plate is vertical, and the outer surface of the second detection plate faces downward. The second detection plate constitutes the second detection unit and is located at the bottom of the muon detection unit 2.

[0052] The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plates are connected sequentially in the circumferential direction, forming the third detection unit. The thickness direction of the third and fifth detection plates is a first horizontal direction, and they are positioned opposite each other in this direction. The thickness direction of the fourth and sixth detection plates is a second horizontal direction, and they are also positioned opposite each other in this direction. The first and second horizontal directions are perpendicular. Each of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plates is connected to the first and second detection plates at both ends in the vertical direction, respectively. Therefore, muons moving circumferentially towards the muon detection unit 2 can impact the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plates. For example, the first horizontal direction can be the left-right direction, and the second horizontal direction can be the front-back direction.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, each of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detector plates includes a first detector layer 11 and a second detector layer 12, wherein the extending direction of the plastic scintillator 9 of the first detector layer 11 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the plastic scintillator 9 of the second detector layer 12. For example, the plastic scintillator 9 of the first detector layer 11 of the first detector plate extends in a left-right direction, and the plastic scintillator 9 of the second detector layer 12 of the first detector plate extends in a front-back direction.

[0054] In some embodiments, each of the first, second, and third detection units of the muon detection unit 2 includes a third detection layer. The third detection layer is adjacent to the corresponding first detection layer 11 and the corresponding second detection layer 12, and the extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 of the third detection layer forms an angle with the extension direction of the plastic scintillator 9 of each of the adjacent first and second detection layers 11 and 12. This allows for more accurate monitoring of the muon bombardment location, and enables the determination of the bombardment location even when the data from one of the first and second detection layers 11 are not statistically consistent.

[0055] In some embodiments, there are multiple third detection layers, and the extension directions of the plastic scintillators 9 of two adjacent third detection layers are at an angle.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the muon transmission imaging detection device includes a power supply 4, a housing 1, and a base 8.

[0057] Power supply 4 is connected to signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 via power supply line 6, so that power supply 4 supplies power to signal acquisition and data storage unit 3. Housing 1 and base 8 define a mounting cavity, in which muon detection unit 2, signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 and power supply 4 are located. For example, housing 1 is made of lead plate.

[0058] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 can calculate the incident angle of each muon bombardment and store the data;

[0059] The signal acquisition and data storage unit 3 includes a signal readout circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a discrimination and comparison circuit, and a signal acquisition and storage module (FPGA signal acquisition and storage module) connected in sequence. The signal readout circuit converts the current signal detected by the photodetector 10 into a voltage signal, then sends it to the signal amplification circuit to amplify the signal amplitude, and then sends it to the discrimination and comparison circuit for signal comparison and conversion. When a muon event (the plastic scintillator 9 emits light) occurs, a high level is output; otherwise, a low level is output. The signal is then sent to the FPGA signal acquisition and storage module for signal acquisition and data storage.

[0060] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the base 8 is a horizontal plane, and a pose detector 7 is provided on the upper surface of the base 8. The pose detector 7 is used to monitor the position information and tilt angle of the base 8. Specifically, the pose detector 7 is located on the outside of the housing 1. Thus, when the muon transmission imaging detection device is placed in the tunnel, it is convenient to understand the position information and tilt angle of the muon transmission imaging detection device.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also proposes a method for detecting overlying strata using a muon transmission imaging detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for detecting overlying strata according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0062] Multiple muon transmission imaging detection devices are placed inside the mine shafts. For example, multiple muon transmission imaging detection devices are spaced apart along the extension direction of the shaft.

[0063] The number of muons and their incident angles are monitored using a muon transmission imaging detection device. Specifically, natural cosmic ray muons are incident into the atmosphere, pass through the overlying rock layer of the coal mine tunnel, and are received by the muon detection unit 2. The plastic scintillators 9 in the first detection plate 11 and the second detection plate 12 are bombarded by muons and emit light. The photodetector 10 at one end of the plastic scintillator 9 detects the scintillator's light emission and converts the light signal into an electrical signal, which is then sent to the signal acquisition and data storage unit 2. The signal acquisition and data storage unit 2 records each muon bombardment event and obtains the precise position coordinates of the muon bombardment of the muon detection plate by the specific number of the different plastic scintillators 9. Then, the incident angle of this muon bombardment event is calculated and stored.

[0064] Based on the detection data statistics (stored in the signal acquisition and data storage unit 2), the number of muons detected at different incident angles within a first preset time period (by each muon transmission imaging detection device) is accumulated. The variation in the number of muons in different track directions is obtained by subtracting this from the muon flux constant above the overlying strata in the tunnel. This allows for analysis of the density distribution differences in different track directions, facilitating the analysis of the overall structure of the overlying strata. The number of muons above the overlying strata decreases after passing through them. By comparing the muon flux constant above the overlying strata with the number of muons detected in different track directions within the tunnel by the muon transmission imaging detection device, the overall structure of the overlying strata can be readily analyzed.

[0065] Therefore, the overlying strata detection method according to embodiments of the present invention has the advantage of performing structural detection of the overlying strata.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0070] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0071] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A muon transmission imaging detection device, characterized in that, include: A muon detection unit is used to receive muon bombardment. The outer surface of the first detection part of the muon detection unit faces upward, the outer surface of the second detection part faces downward, and the outer surface of the third detection part faces peripherally. The first detection part, the third detection part, and the second detection part are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The dimension of the third detection part in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to a first preset value. The muon detection unit can monitor the number of muon bombardments and the bombardment position of muons on the first detection part, the second detection part, and the third detection part. The signal acquisition and data storage unit is electrically connected to the muon detection unit. The signal acquisition and data storage unit can acquire information on the number of times muons bombard the unit in order to count the number of muons. The signal acquisition and data storage unit can also acquire information on the bombardment position of each muon on the muon detection unit in order to calculate the incident angle of each muon based on the bombardment position information of each muon. Each of the first, second, and third detection sections of the muon detection unit includes a first and second detection layer adjacent to each other. The first detection layer cooperates with the adjacent second detection layer to locate the bombardment position of the muon. The first detection layer includes a plurality of plastic scintillators arranged side by side, and the second detection layer includes a plurality of plastic scintillators arranged side by side. The extension direction of the plastic scintillators in the first detection layer forms an angle with the extension direction of the plastic scintillators in the adjacent second detection layer. When a muon passes through the muon detection unit, the plastic scintillators on the muon ray path can emit light under muon excitation. The muon detection unit includes multiple photodetectors, each of which is connected to a corresponding plastic scintillator. Each photodetector is used to monitor the optical signal of the plastic scintillator connected to it. The muon detection unit can be connected to the signal acquisition and data storage unit via a signal transmission line. The photodetectors can convert the optical signal of the plastic scintillator into an electrical signal and send it to the signal acquisition and data storage unit.

2. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The muon detector is a multi-faceted prism structure extending in the vertical direction; Alternatively, at least a portion of the outer surface of the muon detector is curved.

3. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The muon detector is a quadrangular prism structure; The muon detection unit includes The first detection plate has its thickness direction in the vertical direction and its outer surface facing upwards. The first detection plate constitutes the first detection part. The second detection plate has its thickness direction in the vertical direction and its outer surface facing downwards. The second detection plate constitutes the second detection part. A third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plate are connected sequentially in the circumferential direction, constituting the third detection unit. The thickness direction of the third and fifth detection plates is a first horizontal direction, and they are arranged opposite each other in the first horizontal direction. The thickness direction of the fourth and sixth detection plates is a second horizontal direction, and they are arranged opposite each other in the second horizontal direction. The first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. Each of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth detection plates is connected to the first and second detection plates at both ends in the vertical direction, respectively.

4. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the first detection plate, the second detection plate, the third detection plate, the fourth detection plate, the fifth detection plate, and the sixth detection plate includes a first detection layer and a second detection layer, wherein the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the first detection layer is perpendicular to the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the second detection layer.

5. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first, second, and third detection units of the muon detection unit includes a third detection layer adjacent to the corresponding first and second detection layers. The extension direction of the plastic scintillator of the third detection layer is at an angle to the extension direction of the plastic scintillator of each of the adjacent first and second detection layers.

6. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include A power supply, which is connected to the signal acquisition and data storage unit via a power supply line; The housing and the base define a mounting cavity, and the muon detection unit, the signal acquisition and data storage unit and the power supply are located inside the mounting cavity.

7. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and data storage unit can calculate the incident angle of each muon bombardment and store the data; The signal acquisition and data storage unit includes a signal readout circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a discrimination and comparison circuit, and a signal acquisition and storage module, which are connected in sequence.

8. The muon transmission imaging detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base is a horizontal plane, and a pose detector is provided on the upper surface of the base. The pose detector is used to monitor the position information and tilt angle of the base.

9. A method for detecting overlying strata using the muon transmission imaging detection device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Multiple muon transmission imaging detection devices were placed inside the mine shafts. The number of muons that penetrate the overlying rock strata and enter the tunnel, as well as the incident angle of the muons, are monitored using a muon transmission imaging detection device. Based on the detection data, the number of muons detected at different incident angles within a first preset time period is counted. The variation in the number of muons in different track directions is obtained by subtracting the constant of muon flux above the overlying rock layer of the shaft. The density distribution differences in different track directions are then analyzed to analyze the overall structure of the overlying rock layer of the shaft.

Images