Device for ultrasonic welding of composite materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for ultrasonic welding of composite materials, for example a package (2), comprising at least two tools (5, 6) for ultrasonic welding, in particular an ultrasonic horn (5) and an anvil (6), wherein the functional surfaces (5A, 6A) of the tools (5, 6) are aligned parallel with respect to each other, so that a gap (7) with an approximately horizontal seam direction (8) is created between the functional surfaces (5A, 6A), wherein the width (B) of the gap (7) can be changed in such a way that the tool (5) can be moved along a feed direction (9). The device further comprises a joint (10A, 10B, 10C) with a rotational axis (11A, 11B, 11C), so that the tool (5) can be rotated. The rotational axis (11A) can ideally be translated along the seam direction (8). This makes it possible to better adapt or automatically align the angular orientation of the tool (5) at the gap (7).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for ultrasonic welding of composite materials, particularly packaging sleeves and / or packaging materials, the apparatus comprising at least two tools for ultrasonic welding, particularly an ultrasonic oscillation unit and an anvil, wherein each tool has a functional surface for contacting the material to be welded, wherein the functional surfaces of the tools are aligned approximately parallel to each other to create a gap between the functional surfaces having a preferably approximately horizontal seam direction, wherein the tools are supported such that the width of the gap can be varied by at least one tool being movable along a feed direction, the apparatus further comprising at least one joint with at least one axis of rotation, one of the tools being rotatable about the axis of rotation.

[0002] Packaging can be manufactured from different materials and in different ways. A widely used method involves creating a blank from packaging material, which is then used to create a sleeve through folding and other steps, ultimately forming the package. One advantage of this method is that the blank is very flat, allowing for space-saving stacking. This allows the blank or sleeve to be manufactured in a different location than the folding and filling of the sleeve. Composite materials are often used, such as composites consisting of multiple thin layers of paper, cardboard, plastic, and / or metal, especially aluminum. This type of packaging is particularly prevalent in the food industry.

[0003] In the field of packaging technology, various apparatuses and methods are known by which a folded, flat packaging sleeve can be unfolded, closed on one side, filled with contents, and then completely sealed.

[0004] Closing packaging sleeves is particularly challenging because a reliable seal must be achieved that can withstand subsequent transport and other loads. One possibility for closing packaging sleeves is welding the seams. This can be achieved, for example, through ultrasonic welding. In ultrasonic welding, two cooperating tools, namely an ultrasonic oscillation unit and an anvil, are arranged such that a narrow gap is formed between the effective areas of these tools. The area of ​​the packaging sleeve to be welded can then be introduced into the gap and welded there.

[0005] The welding process is as follows: The ultrasonic oscillation unit transmits its ultrasonic vibrations to the area of ​​the packaging sleeve to be welded (the frequency range of the ultrasonic vibrations is typically 20 kHz to 10 GHz). This requires a specific pressure, which depends on the structure and thickness of the material to be welded, the contact area between the anvil and the ultrasonic oscillation unit, and the set frequency. The energy introduced into the packaging sleeve in this manner causes the inner material layer to melt and bond (“weld”), which is typically a layer made of thermoplastic material.

[0006] It is possible to distinguish between continuous and discontinuous, i.e., periodic ultrasonic welding processes, and the welding apparatus known for them.

[0007] In continuous ultrasonic welding, the ultrasonic oscillating unit and the anvil are typically designed as opposing rotating tools, forming a narrow gap between them. The packaging sleeve, with its area to be welded, is continuously guided through this gap. Due to the rotational or rolling motion of the tools (ultrasonic oscillating unit, anvil), this ultrasonic welding process is also known as roll-to-roll welding. Known continuous ultrasonic welding processes are, for example, provided by DE 295 10 274 ​​U1 or DE 10 2013 100 474A1.

[0008] This continuous ultrasonic welding process, due to the use of rotating tools, offers the advantage of enabling continuous welding. Therefore, the material to be welded can be continuously guided through the ultrasonic welding equipment. Furthermore, in many known devices, the gap width between the tools can be actively adjusted by the user, and thus adapted to the thickness of the material to be welded.

[0009] However, a drawback of this continuous setup and process is that passive adjustment of the gap width during the welding process—that is, adjustment triggered by the materials being welded—is either impossible or can only be achieved in a suboptimal way. For example, if the multiple materials to be welded are not seamlessly adjacent but are guided through the gap at intervals, changing the gap width during the welding process may be necessary. This is, for example, the case of packaging sleeves transported by conveyor belts. Changing the gap width may also be necessary if the thickness of the materials to be welded varies. This can also occur with packaging sleeves, for example, in areas with overlapping material layers.

[0010] In discontinuous (also known as "periodic") ultrasonic welding, the ultrasonic oscillating unit and the anvil are typically supported in a manner that allows them to be pressed together and pulled apart, with the size of the gap between the two tools changing. In the open state, the material to be welded is introduced into the gap. Upon reaching the desired position, the gap width is reduced by pressing the ultrasonic oscillating unit and the anvil together, thus initiating the welding process. After the welding process is complete, the gap width is increased again, allowing the welded material to be removed from the gap. This process is typically repeated in the same time sequence and duration, hence the term "periodic" operation.

[0011] The advantage of this discontinuous ultrasonic welding process is that several important process parameters (such as the magnitude and distribution of the extrusion pressure) can be set more precisely than in the continuous ultrasonic welding process described above. Furthermore, it is feasible to precisely adapt the ultrasonic oscillation unit and the anvil to the material to be welded, and to weld, for example, materials with different material thicknesses in different areas, such as packaging sleeves with regionally overlapping material layers (e.g., in areas of previously welded joints). The tool can be adapted because each area of ​​the tool corresponds to a specific area of ​​the material to be welded or the weld to be produced, rather than producing the entire weld by a tool that rolls continuously along the circumference.

[0012] However, a challenge of discontinuous ultrasonic welding is achieving uniform pressure distribution even when the welding tool skews or deflects. Skew can be caused, for example, by bending of the anvil, ultrasonic oscillation unit, or its suspension or support under welding forces. To respond to such changes, the tool's functional surfaces must be adaptable to these variations and also to position and / or orientation.

[0013] For this purpose, different solutions are known, for example, from EP 1 854618 B1. In the apparatus for ultrasonic welding shown there, the anvil is supported on a parallel rod consisting of two bars and can move in the direction of the ultrasonic oscillation unit and in the opposite direction, wherein the functional surfaces of the two tools remain parallel. Furthermore, the anvil can also rotate about a vertical axis. However, this method of supporting the anvil also allows only limited mobility, namely translational movement along an unalterable axis and rotational movement about an unalterable axis.

[0014] Against this backdrop, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design and improve the apparatus described at the beginning and in detail above, so that the tool and its functional surfaces can flexibly respond to dynamic changes during the welding process to maintain a constant pressure distribution, thereby maintaining a constant energy input along the weld and thus achieving good welding results.

[0015] The technical problem is solved by the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, namely, the position of the rotation axis can be changed.

[0016] The apparatus according to the invention is an apparatus for ultrasonic welding of composite materials, particularly composite materials for packaging sleeves and / or packaging. The apparatus is characterized primarily by at least two tools for performing ultrasonic welding, particularly an ultrasonic oscillation unit and an anvil. By providing two or more tools, the material to be welded can be processed simultaneously from multiple sides without the need for flipping. Each tool has a functional surface for contacting the material to be welded; the functional surface can be understood as a surface acting on the packaging sleeve and / or packaging. The functional surface acts on the packaging sleeve or packaging, for example, through contact (e.g., pressure). The functional surfaces of the tools are aligned (or arranged) approximately parallel to each other, thereby creating a gap between the functional surfaces with a preferably approximately horizontal seam direction, which allows for the creation of a nearly horizontally extending (welded) seam to, for example, close the cornice area of ​​the packaging. The tools are supported such that the width of the gap can be varied by allowing at least one tool to move along a feed direction. The feed direction is the direction along which the tool can move to decrease or increase the gap. This specifically means that the gap can be adjusted "actively," i.e., by the user of the apparatus. This adjustment is typically made when the apparatus is stopped, for example, when changing the material to be welded. When two tools are pressed together, the gap width depends on the thickness of the composite material to be welded, which is arranged between the tools. The device also has at least one joint with at least one axis of rotation about which one tool is capable of rotation. This rotatable support enables the tool to be "passively" fitted or adjusted, i.e., fitted or adjusted by the material to be processed.

[0017] The device according to the invention is characterized by the ability to change the position of the rotation axis. By changing the position of the rotation axis, the device, especially the movablely supported tool, such as an ultrasonic oscillation unit, can be optimally adjusted according to the material to be welded and its dimensions. Adjustability can be achieved, for example, by allowing the joint to be displaced relative to other parts of the device and to be fixed in different positions. Therefore, the adjustability of the joint before and / or after the welding process, rather than during the welding process, is primarily desired, and the resulting variability of the rotation axis position should therefore be preset. The variability of the rotation axis position can also be used to change the position of the momentary center (Momentanpol) of the movablely supported tool, such as the ultrasonic oscillation unit. Adjustment of the rotation axis position can, for example, achieve mechanical balance, especially torque balance, by which the movablely supported tool can operate in a balanced state that ensures a constant welding pressure along the joint.

[0018] According to one design of the device, the axis of rotation extends perpendicularly (or orthogonally) to the feed direction and / or the seam direction. The seam direction is typically (but not necessarily) approximately horizontal, and the feed direction either extends equally horizontally or is slightly inclined relative to the horizontal plane. This results in the axis of rotation extending either vertically (in the case of a horizontal feed direction) or slightly inclined relative to the vertical plane (in the case of an inclined feed direction). When the axis of rotation extends approximately vertically, the movablely supported tool, such as an ultrasonic oscillating unit, can move (segmentally) along a substantially horizontal circular trajectory. This allows the ultrasonic oscillating unit to maintain almost no change in its height during (rotational) movement, thereby enabling the formation of a weld with a constant height. Nevertheless, it may still be necessary to slightly tilt the feed direction (relative to the horizontal direction), so that the axis of rotation is also slightly tilted (relative to the vertical direction). The tilting of the device particularly ensures that the package enters and exits the device without collision. Furthermore, the tilting of the device may be advantageous for packages with a tilted, raised eaves and / or threaded closures.

[0019] According to another design of the device, the position of the rotation axis can be displaced along the seam direction. By displacing the rotation axis along the seam direction, the device, especially the movablely supported tool, such as the ultrasonic oscillation unit, can be optimally adjusted according to the shape and length of the seam. For example, displaceability can be achieved by allowing the joint to displace relative to other parts of the device and to lock in different positions. The primary goal should be to achieve displaceability of the rotation axis before and / or after the welding process, rather than during the welding process, and therefore it should be pre-settable. As mentioned above, the instantaneous center position of the movablely supported tool, such as the ultrasonic oscillation unit, can be changed by the displacement of the rotation axis. Furthermore, mechanical balance, especially torque balance, can be achieved, enabling the movablely supported tool to operate in a balanced state that ensures constant welding pressure along the seam.

[0020] According to other design specifications of the device, the distance between the rotation axis and the gap is less than 50 cm, especially less than 10 cm, and preferably less than 5 cm. The distance between the rotation axis and the gap affects the type of movement of the tool, such as the ultrasonic oscillation unit, in the region of the gap. The greater the distance, the larger the proportion of translational motion and the smaller the proportion of rotational motion. For angular compensation, the possibility of rotation is generally desirable; however, translation in the joint region is undesirable because it may affect weld quality. The given maximum distance ensures that translation in the joint region is limited to an acceptable level.

[0021] According to another design of the device, the joint is a hinge joint. Rotational movement about a rotational axis is achieved through hinge joints or rotary joints, thus realizing freedom of movement. The joint can have only one hinge joint, or it can have multiple hinge joints. According to another design of the device, the joint is a solid joint, particularly a leaf spring. A solid joint is a joint in which the bending strength in a defined area of ​​the joint is reduced, and elastic deformation ("rotation by bending") can occur, thereby achieving joint mobility. For example, the bending strength can be reduced by locally reducing the cross-sectional area. Solid joints are characterized by their simple and robust construction, and also have the advantage of requiring no lubrication and therefore no maintenance. Solid joints typically have only a limited range of rotation; however, this is sufficient for some applications, such as supporting ultrasonic oscillation units. One construction of such a solid joint is a leaf spring. In addition to the above advantages, leaf springs also have the beneficial characteristic of generating a restoring force in the opposite direction of deflection upon deflection, which causes the leaf spring to move back to its undeflected initial position. A joint can have only one solid joint, i.e., it is composed of a single solid joint, or it can have multiple solid joints.

[0022] According to another design of the device, the joints constitute a multi-link transmission mechanism. With a multi-link transmission mechanism, i.e., a transmission mechanism having multiple interconnected links, particularly complex (overall) motion paths can be achieved by superimposing multiple (individual) motion paths. Furthermore, the position of the instantaneous center can be set very flexibly, and the instantaneous center does not necessarily have to be located on the rotation axis of each individual joint. In this design, it is also suggested that the transmission mechanism have multiple solid joints, namely multiple leaf springs. By constructing a multi-link transmission mechanism from multiple solid joints, especially multiple leaf springs, the advantages of the aforementioned multi-link transmission mechanism (complex motion paths) can be combined with the aforementioned advantages of leaf springs (simplicity, robustness, and no lubrication).

[0023] According to another design of the device, the tool, which is rotatably supported around the joint, has an instantaneous center, the distance of which from the gap is less than 10 cm, particularly less than 5 cm, and preferably less than 1 cm. The distance between the instantaneous center of the tool and the gap affects the type of motion of the tool, such as the ultrasonic oscillation unit, in the region of the gap. The greater the distance, the larger the proportion of translational motion and the smaller the proportion of rotational motion. For angular compensation, the possibility of rotation is generally desirable; however, translation in the joint region (e.g., the relative motion of the ultrasonic oscillation unit relative to the anvil and the composite material, or the relative motion of the anvil relative to the ultrasonic oscillation unit and the composite material) is undesirable because such translation can affect weld quality. The given maximum distance ensures that translation in the joint region is limited to an acceptable level. The closer the instantaneous center is to the joint, the better the automatic compensation works, because the compensation is less hindered by friction.

[0024] Finally, according to another embodiment of the device, the tool, rotatably supported around the joint, has an instantaneous center whose distance from the gap is less than the distance between the axis of rotation and the gap. This instantaneous center, particularly close to the gap, can be achieved by the tool having a support structure in which the instantaneous center does not extend through one of the axes of rotation of the joint, but is located beside that axis. In this way, the instantaneous center and the axis of rotation are separated, allowing the instantaneous center to be positioned closer to the gap than the joint itself.

[0025] The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show only one preferred embodiment. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1A A first design of the device according to the invention is shown in the perspective view.

[0027] Figure 1B Shown in the side view Figure 1A The device in

[0028] Figure 1C In the top view Figure 1B The observation direction IC shown in the figure indicates Figure 1A The device in

[0029] Figure 2A A second design of the device according to the invention is shown in the perspective view.

[0030] Figure 2B Shown in the side view Figure 2A The device in

[0031] Figure 2C In the top view Figure 2B The observation direction shown in IIC indicates Figure 2A The device in

[0032] Figure 3A A third design of the device according to the invention is shown in the perspective view.

[0033] Figure 3B Shown in the side view Figure 3A The device in, and

[0034] Figure 3C In the top view Figure 3B The observation direction shown in IIIC indicates Figure 3A The device in

[0035] Figure 1A A first design of the device 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view. Figure 1B Shown in the side view Figure 1A Device 1. Figure 1C In the top view Figure 1B The observation direction IC shown in the figure indicates Figure 1A Device 1 in the middle. Figures 1A to 1C The apparatus 1 shown is for ultrasonic welding of composite materials, particularly the composite material of packaging 2. Specifically, seams in packaging 2, such as seam 3 in the cornice region 4 of packaging 2, can be welded and thereby liquid-tightly sealed. The apparatus 1 has two tools for ultrasonic welding, namely, an ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 and an anvil 6. Both tools, namely the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 and the anvil 6, have functional surfaces 5A and 6A for contact with the material to be welded. The functional surfaces 5A and 6A of the tools (ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 and anvil 6) are approximately parallel and aligned relative to each other, thereby forming a gap 7 between the functional surfaces 5A and 6A, the gap having an approximately horizontal seam direction 8 (indicated by dashed lines). The two tools (ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 and anvil 6) are supported such that the width B of the gap 7 can be changed by moving at least one tool along the feed direction 9 (see [reference needed]). Figure 1C ). Figures 1A to 1C The device 1 shown also has a joint 10 with a rotation axis 11A, about which a tool can rotate. The position of the rotation axis 11A can be displaced along the seam direction 8 (in... Figure 1C (Indicated by arrows), thus enabling the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 to be optimally positioned.

[0036] Joint 10 is designed as a hinge joint 10A, and a rotation axis 11A extends through the hinge joint 10A. This allows the movablely supported tool, in this case the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5, to rotate about the hinge joint 10A and its rotation axis 11A, and thus have an instantaneous center M located on the rotation axis 11A. AThe hinge joint 10A or its rotation axis 11A or instantaneous center M A There is a distance of 12A between the gap 7 and the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5. Therefore, the distance of 12A indicates that the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 can (segmentally) reciprocate (in... Figure 1C The radius of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 (represented by the dashed outline) is [radius value]. The larger the distance 12A, the greater the translational proportion of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 within the weld area, thus even a small rotation angle will cause circumferential movement along the axis around the instantaneous center M. A The annular path produces very large movement. This means that even a small "angle correction" of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 during the welding process will result in a very large displacement of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 along the joint direction 8. Since the allowable displacement along the joint direction 8 is limited, but the angle correction of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 is still necessary, the distance 12A is minimized as much as possible.

[0037] Figure 2A A second design of the device 1' according to the invention is shown in the perspective view. Figure 2B Shown in the side view Figure 2A Device 1' in the middle. Figure 2C In the top view Figure 2B The observation direction shown in IIC indicates Figure 2A Device 1' in the middle. For those already combined Figures 1A to 1C Those areas of the described device 1', in Figures 2A to 2C The corresponding reference numerals are used. The first design scheme of device 1 ( Figures 1A to 1C The second design scheme of device 1' Figures 2A to 2C A key difference between the two designs lies in the type and position of joint 10. Unlike the hinge joint 10A described above, the joint 10 in the second design of device 1' is designed as a solid joint, specifically a leaf spring 10B. In addition to its simple and robust construction, the leaf spring has the advantage of generating a restoring force in the opposite direction of deflection, which moves the leaf spring back to its undeflected initial position. Another difference is that the leaf spring 10B is positioned closer to the gap 7, resulting in a reduced gap 12B compared to the first design.

[0038] In the second design, the rotation axis 11B also extends through the joint 10, i.e., the leaf spring 10B. This also allows the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 to rotate about the leaf spring 10B and its rotation axis 11B, and the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 thus has an instantaneous center M located on the rotation axis 11B. B At leaf spring 10B or its rotation axis 11B or instantaneous center M BThere is a distance 12B between the gap 7 and the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5. The distance 12B represents the radius, around which the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 can (segmentally) reciprocate (segmentally).

[0039] Figure 3A A third design of the device 1" according to the invention is shown in the perspective view. Figure 3B Shown in the side view Figure 3A Device 1". Figure 3C In the top view Figure 3B The observation direction shown in IIIC indicates Figure 3A Device 1 in the middle. For those already combined Figures 1A to 2C Those areas of the described device 1, in Figures 3A to 3C The corresponding reference numerals are used. The third design scheme for "device 1" ( Figures 3A to 3C The second design scheme of device 1' Figures 1A to 2C One important difference between them is the type and location of joint 10.

[0040] In the third design of device 1", joint 10 has four solid joints designed as leaf springs 10C. These leaf springs 10C together constitute a four-bar linkage, which enables particularly advantageous movement of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5. The leaf springs are characterized by their simple and robust construction and automatic return from any deflected position to the undeflected initial position. Another difference lies in the instantaneous center M of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5. C The location. Unlike the aforementioned design schemes, in the third design scheme of device 1", the instantaneous center M of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5... C It is not located on the rotation axis 11C of each individual leaf spring 10C, but is significantly closer to the gap 7, thereby significantly reducing the gap 12C and possibly even making it zero (at which point the instantaneous center M) C (Located in gap 7). Instantaneous center M C The location can be determined according to Figure 3C This indicates that the instantaneous center M C Located at the intersection of the connecting axis V of the rotation axes 11C of each individual leaf spring 10C. Therefore, the instantaneous center M of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 can be specifically influenced and optimized by the position and orientation of each individual leaf spring 10C or its rotation axis 11C. C The position of the instantaneous center M. CBy being very close to or even within gap 7, the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 is positioned as if supported on a rotating joint "within the seam." This allows the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 to rotate "around the weld" without producing undesirable displacement along the weld direction. In other words, within the weld region, the ultrasonic oscillation unit 5 performs almost only rotational motion (desirable for angle correction); it performs almost no translational motion (undesirable due to deterioration in welding quality).

[0041] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0042] 1, 1', 1": Apparatus used for ultrasonic welding

[0043] 2 Packaging

[0044] 3 seams

[0045] 4. Eaves area

[0046] 5 ultrasonic oscillation units

[0047] 5A (functional surface of ultrasonic oscillation unit 5)

[0048] 6 anvils

[0049] 6A (Anvil 6) Functional Surface

[0050] 7 gaps

[0051] 8. Seam direction

[0052] 9 Feed directions

[0053] 10 joints

[0054] 10A hinge joint

[0055] 10B and 10C leaf springs

[0056] Rotation axes of 11A, 11B, and 11C

[0057] Distances between 12A, 12B, and 12C

[0058] B (width of gap 7)

[0059] M A M B M C instantaneous center

[0060] V-connecting axis

Claims

1. An apparatus (1, 1', 1") for ultrasonic welding of composite materials, said apparatus comprising at least two tools (5, 6) for performing ultrasonic welding. in, Each tool (5, 6) has a functional surface (5A, 6A) for contacting the material to be welded. The functional surfaces (5A, 6A) of the tools (5, 6) are aligned approximately parallel to each other, thereby creating a gap (7) with a seam direction (8) between the functional surfaces (5A, 6A). The tools (5, 6) are supported in such a way that the width (B) of the gap (7) can be changed, in that at least one tool (5, 6) can move along the feed direction (9). The device further includes at least one joint (10A, 10B, 10C) with at least one axis of rotation (11A, 11B, 11C), and one of the tools (5, 6) is rotatable about the axis of rotation. The positions of the rotation axes (11A, 11B, 11C) can be changed. Its features are, The position of the rotation axis (11A, 11B, 11C) can be displaced along the joint direction (8), and the displaceability is achieved by the joint (10A, 10B, 10C) being displaced relative to other parts of the device (1, 1', 1") and being able to lock in different positions.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation axes (11A, 11B, 11C) extend perpendicularly to the feed direction (9) and / or the seam direction (8).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The distance between the rotation axis (11A, 11B, 11C) and the gap (7) is less than 50cm.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint (10) has a hinge joint (10A).

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint (10) has a solid joint.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint (10) constitutes a multi-link transmission device.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission device has multiple solid joints.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tools (5, 6) rotatably supported around the joint (10) have an instantaneous center (M). A M B M C The distance (12A, 12B, 12C) between the instantaneous center and the gap (7) is less than 10cm.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tools (5, 6) rotatably supported around the joint (10) have an instantaneous center (M). C The distance (12C) between the instantaneous center and the gap (7) is less than the distance between the rotation axis (11C) and the gap (7).

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two tools (5, 6) used for ultrasonic welding are an ultrasonic oscillation unit (5) and an anvil (6).

11. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite material is a composite material of the packaging sleeve and / or packaging (2).

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