A method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage double-curved spherical support

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing. The method involves moving the replacement bearing as a whole, aligning the bolt holes on the upper bearing plate of the replacement bearing with the bolt holes on the lower chord of the steel truss. Temporary positioning rods are inserted into the bolt holes on the upper bearing plate and the lower chord to achieve temporary positioning connection between the upper bearing plate and the steel truss. The bearing limiting plate of the replacement bearing is released, and the lower bearing plate of the replacement bearing is pulled, aligning the anchor bolt holes on the lower bearing plate with the anchor bolt holes on the bearing pad. Anchors are inserted into the anchor bolt holes on the lower bearing plate and the anchor bolt holes on the bearing pad, formwork is erected, and grouting is performed. After the strength meets the requirements, the lower bearing plate is connected to the bearing pad. The steel truss is lowered until the lower chord connects with the upper bearing plate, and the bolt holes on the upper bearing plate are bolted to the bolt holes on the lower chord, thus achieving the connection between the upper bearing plate and the steel truss. The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of asynchronous alignment between the bearing, bearing pad, and bolt holes of the steel truss bridge caused by displacement due to temperature effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel truss bridge bearing construction technology, and in particular to a method for installing and replacing large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Bridges typically have a service life of decades or even longer. During construction, bearings are installed to support the bridge. However, during operation, due to aging, deformation, and misalignment of the bearings, their service life is shorter than the bridge's lifespan. Therefore, within the bridge's service life, bearings exhibiting signs of aging, deformation, or misalignment need to be repaired or replaced promptly.

[0003] Continuous steel truss bridges are heavy and subject to significant expansion and contraction due to temperature variations. Most bearings are large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearings. Each bearing is situated within a narrow space between the steel truss and the pier pad, leaving no room for segmented installation and replacement. Therefore, during bearing installation and replacement, jacks are needed to lift the steel truss bridge upwards to provide space for bearing installation. However, since most steel truss bridges are continuous beam bridges, they experience significant elongation or shortening and lateral displacement due to temperature changes. This can lead to misalignment between the upper bearing plate bolt holes and the steel truss bolt holes after the lower bearing plate is aligned with the pad, or vice versa.

[0004] To address the aforementioned misalignment issue, the traditional solution is to pre-set a deflection value for the bearing before it leaves the factory. However, the expansion and contraction of bridges are dynamic, and the pre-deflection value cannot be adjusted in real time according to the site conditions. Enlarging the hole during installation would damage the bridge or the pad stone structure. Without enlarging the hole, the installation and replacement of the bearing can only be carried out at specific temperatures, making the installation and replacement of large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearings inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for installing and replacing large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearings. The purpose is to solve the problem that the bearings, pad stones, and bolt holes of the steel truss bridge cannot be synchronously aligned due to the displacement of the steel truss bridge under the influence of temperature. When installing and replacing the bearings, if hole enlargement measures are taken, the bridge or pad stone structure will be damaged. If hole enlargement is not taken, it can only be carried out at a specific temperature, which makes the installation and replacement inconvenient.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing includes:

[0008] Lift the steel truss beam and remove the original support on the top surface of the pad stone;

[0009] Place the replacement bearing on top of the pad stone, and use shims to shim the bottom of the replacement bearing to the design elevation;

[0010] Move the replacement support as a whole so that the bolt holes on the upper plate of the replacement support are aligned with the bolt holes on the lower chord of the steel truss.

[0011] The temporary positioning rod is inserted into the bolt holes of the upper seat plate and the bolt holes of the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper seat plate and the steel truss beam;

[0012] Release the support limiting plate of the replacement support, pull the lower support plate of the replacement support, and make the lower support plate anchor bolt holes on the lower support plate and the pad stone anchor bolt holes aligned one by one.

[0013] The anchors are inserted into the anchor bolt holes of the lower seat plate and the anchor bolt holes of the pad stone. The formwork is erected and grouting is performed. After the strength meets the standard, the connection between the lower seat plate and the pad stone is achieved.

[0014] The steel truss beam is lowered to the top until the lower chord and upper seat plate are connected. The bolt holes of the upper seat plate are then bolted to the bolt holes of the lower chord to achieve the connection between the upper seat plate and the steel truss beam.

[0015] Furthermore, the process of lifting the steel truss beam and removing the original supports on the top surface of the pad stone specifically includes:

[0016] Several jacks are set up around the pad stone, and several force transmission plates are stacked on each jack;

[0017] Disconnect the original support from the steel truss beam;

[0018] Use several jacks to lift the steel truss beam until it is no longer separated from the original support, and maintain pressure with the jacks;

[0019] Disconnect the original support from the pad stone and remove the original support.

[0020] Furthermore, before setting up several jacks around the pad stone, the procedure also includes:

[0021] Leveling steel plates are laid around the pad stones for leveling, and support plates are placed on the leveling steel plates.

[0022] Several jacks are placed on the support plate.

[0023] Furthermore, after stacking several force transmission plates on each jack, the method further includes:

[0024] The first skateboard is stacked on the top layer of the load transfer plate.

[0025] Furthermore, before placing the replacement support onto the top surface of the pad stone, the procedure further includes:

[0026] Pre-treatment is performed on the top surface of the pad stone and the anchor bolt holes of the pad stone.

[0027] Furthermore, the pretreatment of the top surface of the pad stone includes:

[0028] Roughen the top surface of the paving stone;

[0029] The pretreatment of the anchor bolt holes for the bearing pad includes:

[0030] The anchor bolt holes of the pad stone are rounded and deepened.

[0031] Furthermore, after the anchor bolt holes of the pad stone are rounded and deepened, and before the replacement support is placed on the top surface of the pad stone, the process further includes:

[0032] Insert the anchor sleeve into the anchor bolt hole of the pad stone;

[0033] The process of inserting the anchors into the anchor bolt holes of the lower seat plate and the anchor bolt holes of the pad stone specifically involves:

[0034] The anchoring components include anchor bolts and anchor bolt sleeves located in the anchor bolt holes of the pad stone;

[0035] After the anchor bolt passes through the anchor bolt hole in the lower seat plate, it is connected to the anchor bolt sleeve in the anchor bolt hole of the pad stone.

[0036] Furthermore, before releasing the support limiting plate of the replacement support and pulling the lower support plate of the replacement support, the procedure further includes:

[0037] The gap between the upper seat plate and the lower chord of the steel truss is filled by stacking the second sliding plate and the rubber plate. The second sliding plate contacts the top surface of the upper seat plate, and the rubber plate contacts the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss.

[0038] Furthermore, after inserting the temporary positioning rod into the bolt holes of the upper seat plate and the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper seat plate and the steel truss beam, the method further includes:

[0039] Mark the corresponding lines at the intersection of the temporary positioning rod surface and the top and bottom surfaces of the upper seat plate;

[0040] The process of lowering the steel truss beam to the point where the lower chord connects with the upper support plate also includes:

[0041] Remove the second sliding plate and rubber sheet;

[0042] The difference between the elevation of the upper support plate and the punch mark line is recorded as the change in elevation of the replacement support.

[0043] Adjust the lifting amount of the steel truss girder according to the elevation change, so that the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss girder is parallel to the surface of the upper seat plate.

[0044] Furthermore, after the steel truss beam is lowered to the top and connected to the lower chord and upper seat plate, the process also includes:

[0045] Replace the temporary positioning rod with a bolted connection.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0047] This invention provides a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing. The replacement bearing is moved as a whole, aligning the bolt holes on the upper plate of the replacement bearing with the bolt holes on the lower chord of the steel truss. Temporary positioning rods are then inserted into the bolt holes on the upper plate and the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper plate and the steel truss. The bearing limiting plate of the replacement bearing is released, and the lower plate of the replacement bearing is pulled, aligning the anchor bolt holes on the lower plate with the anchor bolt holes on the bearing pad. Anchors are then inserted into the anchor bolt holes on the lower plate and the anchor bolt holes on the bearing pad. Formwork is erected and grouting is performed. Once the strength meets the requirements, the lower plate and the bearing pad are connected. The steel truss is then lowered until the lower chord connects with the upper plate, and the bolt holes on the upper plate are bolted to the bolt holes on the lower chord, thus connecting the upper plate to the steel truss. When installing and replacing bearings on a continuous steel truss bridge, the replacement method of this invention only requires lifting and lowering the beam once, greatly reducing the construction steps in the bearing installation and replacement process, simplifying operation, and improving construction efficiency. Using the replacement method of this invention, the influence of temperature can be overcome, allowing bearing installation and replacement at any temperature. Installation is convenient, while ensuring the alignment accuracy of the bearings with the bolt holes of the steel truss bridge, avoiding damage to the bridge or bearing pad structure during hole enlargement installation. In other words, this invention solves the problem of asynchronous alignment between the bearings, bearing pads, and bolt holes of the steel truss bridge caused by temperature-induced displacement of the steel truss bridge, and the problem of bearing installation being greatly affected by temperature, achieving high-precision alignment of bolt holes in bearing installation and replacement at any temperature.

[0048] Furthermore, by using jacks to measure the change in support elevation, the posture of the steel truss can be adjusted. When lowering the beam, the steel truss can be made to make parallel contact with the upper support plate, avoiding local contact that could cause the upper support plate to lift and damage the support, thus ensuring that the stress state of the support is clear and safe.

[0049] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a front view of the jack arrangement in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2This is a side view of the jack arrangement in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step S2 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step S3 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of step S4 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step S5 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of step S6 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of step S7 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of step S8 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of step S9 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of step S10 in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary positioning rod and marking line in a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the completed installation and replacement effect of a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support;

[0065] Figure 15 This is a half-section view of a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical support.

[0066] In the diagram: 1-Stone pad; 11-Stone pad anchor bolt hole; 12-Support positioning cross line; 21-Leveling steel plate; 22-Support plate; 23-Jack; 24-Force transmission plate; 25-First sliding plate; 3-Steel truss beam; 31-Lower chord bolt hole; 4-Replacement support; 41-Upper support plate; 411-Upper support plate bolt hole; 42-Support limiting plate; 43-Lower support plate; 431-Lower support plate anchor bolt hole; 44-Lower support plate center line; 45-Middle support plate; 461-Anchor bolt; 462-Anchor bolt sleeve; 5-Push strip; 6-Temporary positioning rod; 61-Marking line; 71-Second sliding plate; 72-Rubber pad; 8-Wedge block. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, it should be understood that the main components of the large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing (i.e., the original bearing or replacement bearing 4) include an upper bearing plate 41, a lower bearing plate 43, and a hyperboloid spherical intermediate bearing plate 45 located between the upper bearing plate 41 and the lower bearing plate 43. The upper bearing plate 41 has several upper bearing plate bolt holes 411, and the lower bearing plate 43 has lower bearing plate anchor bolt holes 431 at its four corners. Additionally, the lower bearing plate centerline 44 is marked on the side of the lower bearing plate 43. The large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing also includes a bearing limiting plate 42 (this structure needs to be removed after the bearing is installed), matching anchor bolts 461 and anchor bolt sleeves 462 for connecting with the pad stone 1. Because the large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing is a conventional structure, it will not be described in detail here.

[0069] Combination Figures 1 to 13 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] S1, Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to the conditions such as jacking force and working space, leveling steel plates 21 are laid around the pad stone 1 for leveling. Support plates 22 are placed on the leveling steel plates 21, and several jacks 23 are arranged on the support plates 22. Three layers of force transmission plates 24 are stacked on top of the jacks 23, and a first sliding plate 25 is placed on the top surface of the top layer of force transmission plate 24.

[0071] For example, the support plate 22 is made of stainless steel plate 22; the force transmission plate 24 is made of force transmission steel plate.

[0072] Specifically, by leveling the steel plate 21 and cooperating with the first sliding plate 25, the jack 23 can be kept stable during the subsequent lifting process, preventing the risk of overturning.

[0073] S2, Combination Figure 3 As shown, disconnect the original support from the bottom of the steel truss beam 3.

[0074] S3, Combination Figure 4 As shown, the steel truss beam 3 is lifted by jack 23 until it is disconnected from the original support. Jack 23 maintains pressure to complete the force conversion, and the steel truss beam 3 is supported by jack 23.

[0075] S4, Combination Figure 5 As shown, disconnect the original support from the top of the pad stone 1, pull out the anchor bolts of the original support and the anchor bolt sleeves in the anchor bolt holes 11 of the pad stone, and remove the original support from the top surface of the pad stone 1.

[0076] S5, Combination Figure 6 As shown, the top surface of the pad stone 1 is roughened, and the anchor bolt hole 11 of the pad stone is rounded and deepened (to the same depth as the anchor bolt length). The anchor bolt sleeve is then placed into the anchor bolt hole 11 of the pad stone. To prevent the anchor bolt sleeve from rotating during the subsequent screwing of the anchor bolt into the anchor bolt sleeve, it is preferable to weld steel bars on both sides of the anchor bolt sleeve. The welded steel bars can prevent the anchor bolt sleeve from rotating when the anchor bolt is screwed in later.

[0077] After roughening the top surface of pad stone 1, lay out the cross line 12 for the support positioning on the top surface of pad stone 1.

[0078] S6, Combination Figure 7 As shown, the replacement support 4 is moved to the top surface of the pad stone 1, and the bottom of the replacement support 4 is raised to the design elevation using the pad strip 5. The pad strip 5 can also serve as a track for sliding the replacement support 4, making it easier for the replacement support 4 to slide.

[0079] For example, the pad 5 is made of wide steel strip.

[0080] S7, Combination Figure 8 As shown, the replacement support 4 is moved as a whole so that the upper plate bolt holes 411 on the upper plate 41 of the replacement support 4 are aligned with the lower chord bolt holes 31 of the steel truss beam 3.

[0081] S8, Combination Figure 9As shown, a temporary positioning rod 6 is inserted into the bolt holes 411 of the upper seat plate and the bolt holes 31 of the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper seat plate 41 and the steel truss beam 3. Specifically, it is only necessary to connect the bolt holes 411 of the upper seat plate at the four corners of the upper seat plate 41 with the corresponding bolt holes 31 of the lower chord. Preferably, corresponding marking lines 61 are made at the positions where the surface of the temporary positioning rod 6 intersects with the top and bottom surfaces of the upper seat plate 41.

[0082] For example, the temporary positioning rod 6 is made of punch pin.

[0083] S9, Combination Figure 10 As shown, the support limiting plate 42 of the replacement support 4 is released, and the gap between the upper support plate 41 and the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3 is filled with the second sliding plate 71 and the rubber plate 72. The second sliding plate 71 contacts the top surface of the upper support plate 41, and the rubber plate 72 contacts the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3. Then, the lower support plate 43 is moved by a chain hoist until the center line 44 of the lower support plate coincides with the support positioning cross line 12. That is, the lower support plate anchor bolt holes 431 on the lower support plate 43 are aligned with the pad stone anchor bolt holes 11.

[0084] It should be noted that because the middle seat plate 45 is a hyperboloid spherical shape, the upper seat plate 41 may warp significantly during the traction movement of the lower seat plate 43 (i.e., it may not be parallel to the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3), which could directly lead to the failure of the support. Therefore, to avoid this phenomenon, this application cleverly uses a second sliding plate 71 and a rubber plate 72 to fill the gap between the upper seat plate 41 and the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3, effectively preventing the upper seat plate 41 from warping significantly.

[0085] S10, Combination Figure 11 As shown, the wedge block 8 is used to finely adjust and replace the support 4 to the design elevation, the pad strip 5 is removed, the support anchor bolt 461 is installed, and the formwork grouting is carried out.

[0086] S11, Combination Figure 12 As shown, after the strength meets the standard, the second slide plate 71 and rubber pad 72 are removed, and the difference between the elevation of the upper seat plate 41 and the marking line 61 on the surface of the temporary positioning rod 6 is measured and recorded as the change in support elevation.

[0087] S12. Adjust the lifting amount of the four jacks 23 according to the change in support elevation, and adjust the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3 to be parallel to the surface of the upper support plate 41.

[0088] It should be noted that by setting the marking line 61, the tilt of the upper support plate 41 can be accurately determined. Then, based on the tilt position and tilt amount, the steel truss beam 3 can be lifted by the corresponding displacement using the jack 23. This ensures that the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3 is parallel to the surface of the upper support plate 41, and that the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3 is in complete contact with the surface of the upper support plate 41 after being lowered, thereby ensuring the installation quality.

[0089] S13, Combination Figure 13 As shown, all jacks 23 are lowered synchronously at the phase rate to unload the beam until the lower chord of the steel truss beam 3 is connected to the upper seat plate 41. All bolt holes 411 of the upper seat plate are bolted to the corresponding bolt holes 31 of the lower chord (the temporary positioning rod 6 is removed) to achieve the connection between the upper seat plate 41 and the steel truss beam 3.

[0090] S14. Remove the jack 23, support plate 22, force transmission plate 24, first sliding plate 25, and leveling steel plate 21 to complete the support installation and replacement.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0092] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0093] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0094] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0095] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing, characterized in that, include: Lift the steel truss beam (3) and remove the original support on the top surface of the pad stone (1); Place the replacement support (4) on the top surface of the pad stone (1), and use pad strips (5) to pad the bottom of the replacement support (4) to the design elevation; Move the replacement support (4) as a whole so that the upper plate bolt holes (411) on the upper plate (41) of the replacement support (4) are aligned with the lower chord bolt holes (31) of the steel truss (3); Insert the temporary positioning rod (6) into the bolt hole (411) of the upper seat plate and the bolt hole (31) of the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper seat plate (41) and the steel truss beam (3); Release the support limiting plate (42) of the replacement support (4), and use the second sliding plate (71) and the rubber plate (72) to fill the gap between the upper seat plate (41) and the lower chord of the steel truss (3). The second sliding plate (71) contacts the top surface of the upper seat plate (41), and the rubber plate (72) contacts the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss (3). Then pull the lower seat plate (43) of the replacement support (4) so ​​that the lower seat plate anchor bolt hole (431) on the lower seat plate (43) is aligned with the pad stone anchor bolt hole (11). The anchors are inserted into the anchor bolt holes (431) of the lower seat plate and the anchor bolt holes (11) of the pad stone. The formwork is supported and grouting is performed. After the strength meets the standard, the connection between the lower seat plate (43) and the pad stone (1) is realized. Lower the steel truss (3) to the top so that the lower chord and the upper seat plate (41) are connected. Then bolt the bolt holes (411) of the upper seat plate to the bolt holes (31) of the lower chord to achieve the connection between the upper seat plate (41) and the steel truss (3). The process of inserting the temporary positioning rod (6) into the bolt holes (411) of the upper seat plate and the bolt holes (31) of the lower chord to achieve a temporary positioning connection between the upper seat plate (41) and the steel truss beam (3) further includes: At the position where the surface of the temporary positioning rod (6) intersects with the top and bottom surfaces of the upper seat plate (41), make corresponding marking lines (61). Before lowering the steel truss beam (3) to the point where the lower chord connects with the upper seat plate (41), the process also includes: Remove the second sliding plate (71) and the rubber plate (72); The difference between the elevation of the upper seat plate (41) and the surface marking line (61) of the temporary positioning rod (6) is recorded as the change in elevation of the replacement support (4); Adjust the lifting amount of the steel truss (3) according to the elevation change so that the bottom surface of the lower chord of the steel truss (3) is parallel to the surface of the upper seat plate (41); After the steel truss beam (3) is lowered to the top and connected to the lower chord and the upper seat plate (41), the following steps are also included: Replace the temporary positioning rod (6) with a bolted connection.

2. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of lifting the steel truss beam (3) and removing the original support on the top surface of the pad stone (1) specifically includes: Several jacks (23) are arranged around the pad stone (1), and several force transmission plates (24) are stacked on each jack (23). Disconnect the original support from the steel truss beam (3); Using several jacks (23), the steel truss beam (3) is lifted until it is separated from the original support, and the jacks (23) maintain pressure; Disconnect the original support from the pad stone (1) and remove the original support.

3. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before setting up several jacks (23) around the pad stone (1), the following is also included: Leveling steel plates (21) are laid around the pad stone (1) for leveling, and support plates (22) are placed on the leveling steel plates (21). Several jacks (23) are placed on the support plate (22).

4. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, After stacking several force transmission plates (24) on each jack (23), the method further includes: The first slide plate (25) is stacked on the top force transmission plate (24).

5. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before placing the replacement support (4) on the top surface of the pad stone (1), the method further includes: The top surface of the pad stone (1) and the anchor bolt hole (11) of the pad stone are pretreated.

6. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pretreatment of the top surface of the pad stone (1) includes: Roughen the top surface of the pad stone (1); The pretreatment of the anchor bolt holes (11) of the pad stone includes: The anchor bolt hole (11) of the pad stone was rounded and deepened.

7. The method for installing and replacing a large-tonnage hyperboloid spherical bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the anchor bolt hole (11) of the pad stone is rounded and deepened, and before the replacement support (4) is placed on the top surface of the pad stone (1), the process further includes: Insert the anchor sleeve (462) into the anchor hole (11) of the pad stone; The process of inserting the anchor into the anchor bolt hole (431) of the lower seat plate and the anchor bolt hole (11) of the pad stone is as follows: The anchor includes an anchor (461) and an anchor sleeve (462) located in the anchor hole (11) of the pad stone. After the anchor bolt (461) is passed through the anchor bolt hole (431) of the lower seat plate, it is connected to the anchor bolt sleeve (462) in the anchor bolt hole (11) of the pad stone.

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