A precise assembling method of magnetic selected cesium beam tube based on three coordinate measurement

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of precision assembly methods of magnetic state cesium beam tube based on three coordinate measurement, to realize each part strict according to beam optical position arrangement, while greatly improve the precision and stability of magnetic state cesium beam tube assembly, improve the signal intensity of cesium beam tube.The method comprises the following steps: three orthogonal planes of the guide rail are measured by dotting, to establish the initial coordinate system of the guide rail;According to the characteristic straight line of the straight line in the guide rail, the initial coordinate system of the guide rail is determined;The characteristic plane of the guide rail bottom surface is measured by dotting, and the reference surface of the height of each component is determined;According to the deviation between the actual position of U-shaped resonant cavity, deflection magnet, collimator and ionizer and the theoretical position of beam optics, the height and angle of each component are adjusted, so that each component is precisely arranged according to the beam optical path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetically separated cesium atomic clock application technology, and in particular to a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on three-coordinate measurement. Background Technology

[0002] An atomic clock is a timekeeping device with ultra-high precision, providing high-accuracy time and frequency signals, and plays a crucial role in timekeeping and time synchronization. Magnetic-selected cesium atomic clocks possess advantages such as long-term stability, high accuracy, and virtually no drift, making them irreplaceable in time and frequency systems. The magnetically selected cesium beam tube deflects cesium atoms using deflecting magnets. Within the U-shaped resonant cavity, cesium atoms undergo transitions and state changes. Passing through another deflecting magnet, the desired cesium atoms are selected. These atoms then move to a high-temperature ionization filament, where they are ionized into cesium ions. After deflection, the electrical signal from these ions is amplified by a multiplier, and processed to obtain a high-precision time and frequency signal. The path taken by the cesium atoms is "S"-shaped, known as the beam optical path. Correspondingly, the effective areas of the U-shaped resonant cavity, deflecting magnets, cesium furnace, and ionizer must strictly conform to the beam optical path; otherwise, a cesium signal cannot be obtained or is too weak.

[0003] Traditional alignment and assembly methods based on optical telescopes are susceptible to random errors due to operator subjectivity, requiring highly skilled and complex operators. Furthermore, optical telescopes cannot measure longitudinal displacement, making it difficult to install components precisely according to the beam's optical position, thus limiting assembly accuracy. Additionally, the requirement for unobstructed field of view along the cesium beam's path during optical telescope measurement restricts its application in high-deflection-angle beam optics assembly. Therefore, effective technical means to achieve high-precision cesium beam tube assembly still lacks a clear solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement. This method ensures that each component is arranged strictly according to the beam optics position, while significantly improving the accuracy and stability of the magnetically separated cesium bundle tube assembly. This, in turn, optimizes the beam optics and improves the signal strength of the cesium bundle tube.

[0005] Firstly, a method for precision assembly of magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on three-coordinate measurement is provided, including:

[0006] An initial coordinate system for the guide rail is established by measuring three orthogonal planes of the guide rail using point marking. The guide rail is fixed on the measuring platform of the coordinate measuring machine using tooling. The origin of the initial coordinate system is the intersection of the bottom surface, side surface, and cross-section of the guide rail. The X-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the side surface, the Y-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the cross-section, and the Z-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the bottom surface.

[0007] Determine the guide rail coordinate system based on the characteristic straight line inside the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail;

[0008] The characteristic plane of the bottom surface of the guide rail is obtained by point measurement and determined as the reference plane for the height of each component;

[0009] Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the resonant cavity angle, the distance between the first and second resonant cavities, the height of the first resonant cavity, and the height of the second resonant cavity are determined according to the characteristic straight lines and the intersection points of the characteristic straight lines inside the U-shaped resonant cavity.

[0010] The U-shaped resonant cavity is adjusted to meet the resonant cavity parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0011] α 腔 ≈0

[0012] d 腔A ≈d 腔B

[0013] h 腔A ≈h 腔B

[0014] Where, α 腔 d is the angle between the resonant cavities. 腔A d is the distance to the first resonant cavity. 腔B h is the distance to the second resonant cavity. 腔A h is the height of the first resonant cavity. 腔B The height of the second resonant cavity;

[0015] Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the included angle of the first magnet, the distance between the first magnet and the height of the first magnet, the included angle of the second magnet, the distance between the second magnet and the height of the second magnet are determined according to the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet;

[0016] Adjust the deflection magnet to meet the magnet parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0017] α A磁 ≈0

[0018] d A磁 ≈d 腔A -Δs-Δd

[0019] h A磁 ≈h 腔A

[0020] α B磁 ≈0

[0021] d B磁 ≈d 腔A -Δd

[0022] hB磁 ≈h 腔A

[0023] Where, α A磁 Let d be the angle between the first magnets. A磁 Let Δs be the distance to the first magnet, Δd be the constant related to the deflection capability of the deflecting magnet, and h be the constant related to the magnet structure. A磁 Let α be the height of the first magnet. B磁 The angle between the second magnet and d B磁 h is the distance to the second magnet. B磁 The height of the second magnet;

[0024] Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance are determined according to the collimator's characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point, and the magnet's characteristic point.

[0025] The cesium furnace is adjusted to meet the collimator parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0026] α 准 ≈θ

[0027] d 准 ≈d A磁 -d 准磁 ·tanα 准 -Δs 准

[0028] h 准高 ≈h 腔A

[0029] Where, α 准 θ is the collimator angle, θ is the beam optical deflection angle, and d 准 d is the distance to the first collimator. 准磁 The distance to the second collimator, Δs 准 h is the distance between the collimator feature point and the collimator center. 准高 The collimator height;

[0030] Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the distances of the first and second ionizers are determined according to the characteristic lines and points of the ionizers and the characteristic points of the magnets.

[0031] Adjust the ionizer to meet the ionizer parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0032] d 离 ≈d B磁 +Δs+d 离磁 tanα 准

[0033] Where, d 离d is the distance to the first ionizer. 离磁 This is the distance to the second ionizer.

[0034] In one implementation, the guide rail coordinate system is determined based on the characteristic straight line within the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail, specifically including:

[0035] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the guide rail, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the guide rail.

[0036] Rotate the X-axis of the initial coordinate system of the guide rail around the Z+ axis to the guide rail characteristic line to determine the guide rail coordinate system. The guide rail characteristic line is parallel to the beam optical center line and serves as the reference line for the angle of each component in the X direction and the position in the Y direction.

[0037] In one embodiment, the characteristic straight line and the intersection point of the characteristic straight line within the U-shaped resonant cavity are determined by the following method:

[0038] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane inside the side of the U-shaped resonant cavity, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the resonant cavity;

[0039] Four characteristic straight lines of the square hole in arm A are measured by marking points. The opposite characteristic straight lines are then fitted into two orthogonal straight lines. The intersection point of the two straight lines is obtained by intersecting and fitting, and is determined as the center point of the square hole in arm A. The above steps are repeated for the square hole in arm B to determine the center point of the square hole in arm B.

[0040] In one embodiment, the resonant cavity angle, the first resonant cavity distance, the second resonant cavity distance, the first resonant cavity height, and the second resonant cavity height are determined based on the characteristic straight lines within the U-shaped resonant cavity and their intersection points. Specifically, this includes:

[0041] The resonant cavity angle is determined based on the angle between the characteristic straight line of the resonant cavity and the characteristic straight line of the guide rail.

[0042] Based on the distances from the center point of the square hole in arm A and the center point of the square hole in arm B to the characteristic straight line of the guide rail, the distances of the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are determined respectively.

[0043] The heights of the first and second resonant cavities are determined based on the distances from the center points of the square holes in arms A and B to the reference plane.

[0044] In one embodiment, the deflecting magnet includes magnet A and magnet B; and

[0045] The characteristic straight line and characteristic points of the deflecting magnet are determined in the following way:

[0046] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z plane on the side of the salient pole head of magnet A, the characteristic straight line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic straight line of magnet A.

[0047] Based on a tangent point of the salient pole of magnet A, the first characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by dot measurement.

[0048] Repeat the above steps for magnet B to determine the characteristic line of magnet B and the first characteristic point of magnet B.

[0049] In one embodiment, determining the first magnet angle, the first magnet distance, the first magnet height, the second magnet angle, the second magnet distance, and the second magnet height based on the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet specifically includes:

[0050] Based on the angle between the characteristic line of magnet A and the characteristic line of the guide rail, and the angle between the characteristic line of magnet B and the characteristic line of the guide rail, determine the first magnet angle and the second magnet angle respectively.

[0051] Based on the distances from the characteristic lines of magnet A and magnet B to the characteristic lines of the guide rail, determine the distances of the first magnet and the second magnet, respectively.

[0052] The heights of the first magnet and the second magnet are determined based on the distances from the first feature point of magnet A and the first feature point of magnet B to the reference plane.

[0053] In one embodiment, the spray direction of the collimator is parallel to one side of the cesium furnace; and

[0054] The characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic points of the collimator, and characteristic points of the magnet are determined in the following way:

[0055] The characteristic straight line of the collimator is obtained by measuring a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the cesium furnace that is parallel to the injection direction of the collimator.

[0056] Based on the spray cross section of the collimator, the characteristic surface of the collimator is obtained by point measurement;

[0057] By fitting the collimator feature point by piercing the collimator feature surface with a characteristic straight line, the collimator center height feature point is obtained by point measurement.

[0058] The second characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by marking a point on the cross-section of magnet A near the cesium furnace.

[0059] In one embodiment, the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance are determined based on the collimator's characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point, and the magnet's characteristic point, specifically including:

[0060] The collimator angle is determined by the angle between the collimator characteristic line and the guide rail characteristic line.

[0061] The first collimator distance is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the guide rail feature line.

[0062] The collimator height is determined based on the distance from the collimator center height feature point to the reference plane;

[0063] The distance of the second collimator is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the second feature point of magnet A.

[0064] In one embodiment, the ionizing wire is the functional area of ​​the ionizer; and

[0065] The characteristic lines, characteristic points, and magnet characteristic points of the ionizer are determined in the following way:

[0066] Based on two straight lines parallel to the ionizing wire on the ionizer, two characteristic straight lines are obtained by spot measurement, and the characteristic straight line of the ionizer is obtained by fitting the midpoint.

[0067] Based on a point on the focusing plate plane of the ionizer, the characteristic points of the ionizer are obtained by marking and measuring.

[0068] The second characteristic point of magnet B is obtained by measuring a point on the cross-section of magnet B near the ionizer.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first ionizer distance and the second ionizer distance are determined based on the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the ionizer and the characteristic point of the magnet, specifically including:

[0070] The distance to the first ionizer is determined based on the distance from the characteristic line of the ionizer to the characteristic line of the guide rail.

[0071] The distance to the second ionizer is determined based on the distance from the ionizer feature point to the second feature point of magnet B.

[0072] This invention provides a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium beam tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement. First, a CMM is used to establish the three-coordinate space of the guide rail. Then, a CMM is used to precisely measure the positions of key geometric features of the U-shaped resonant cavity, deflection magnet, cesium furnace, and ionization wire, calculating the deviations from the theoretical beam optics positions. Further, parameters such as the height, angle, and horizontal displacement of each component are adjusted until all components are installed on the guide rail according to the theoretical beam optics positions. Since the measurement accuracy of the CMM can reach the micrometer level, and the measurement process is not affected by the subjective factors of the operator, this invention can effectively ensure that each part is strictly arranged according to the beam optics positions, improving the accuracy and stability of the magnetically separated cesium beam tube assembly. Simultaneously, CMM measurement does not require an unobstructed path for the cesium beam, and can be applied to the assembly of cesium beam tubes with high deflection angles. It plays an important role in optimizing beam optics and further improving the signal strength of the cesium beam tube.

[0073] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0074] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0075] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a cesium beam tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three views of the guide rail and the coordinate system reference according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped resonant cavity structure and measurement characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deflection magnet pole head structure and measurement features according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and measurement features of a cesium furnace nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ionization filament structure and measurement characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Numbers in the attached drawings:

[0082] 11. Cesium furnace collimator, 12. Deflecting magnet A, 13. U-shaped resonant cavity, 14. Deflecting magnet B, 15. Ionizing wire, 16. Guide rail, 17. Beam optical path;

[0083] 21. Bottom surface of the guide rail, i.e., reference surface P; 22. Side surface of the guide rail; 23. Cross section of the guide rail; 24. Reference line L 01 ;

[0084] 31. Measure the characteristic line, i.e., the characteristic straight line L of the resonant cavity. 腔 32. Measure the feature point, namely the center point D of the square hole in arm A. 腔A Or the center point D of the square hole in arm B 腔B ;

[0085] 41. Cross-section of salient pole head; 42. Cross-section of concave pole head; 43. Side view of salient pole head; 44. Measurement characteristic line; A. Characteristic straight line of magnet L. A磁Or B magnet characteristic straight line L B磁 45. Measure the feature point, A. First feature point of magnet D A磁1 Or the first characteristic point D of magnet B B磁1 46. ​​Measure the characteristic point, A. Second characteristic point D of magnet. A磁2 Or the second characteristic point D of magnet B B磁2 ;

[0086] 51. Collimator spray section, 52. Collimator spray area, 53. Measurement characteristic line L 准 That is, the collimator characteristic line, 54. Measurement characteristic D 准 This refers to the collimator feature point, 55. Measurement feature D 准高 This is the collimator center height feature point;

[0087] 61. Ionizing wire, 62. Focusing plate plane, 63. Measurement characteristic line L 离 That is, the characteristic line of the ionizer, 64. Measure the characteristic point D. 离 This refers to the characteristic point of the ionizer. Detailed Implementation

[0088] To ensure that all components are arranged strictly according to the beam optics position, and to significantly improve the accuracy and stability of the magnetically separated cesium beam tube assembly, thereby optimizing the beam optics and improving the signal strength of the cesium beam tube, this invention provides a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium beam tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement.

[0089] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0090] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0091] Example 1

[0092] This invention provides a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Establish the initial coordinate system of the guide rail by measuring the three orthogonal planes of the guide rail with point markings. The guide rail is fixed on the measuring platform of the coordinate measuring machine with tooling. The origin of the initial coordinate system of the guide rail is the intersection of the bottom surface, side surface and cross surface of the guide rail. The X-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the side surface, the Y-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the cross surface, and the Z-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the bottom surface.

[0094] Step 2: Determine the guide rail coordinate system based on the characteristic straight line inside the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail;

[0095] Step 3: Obtain the characteristic plane of the bottom surface of the guide rail by marking points, and determine it as the reference plane for the height of each component;

[0096] Step 4: Based on the guide rail coordinate system, determine the resonant cavity angle, the distance between the first and second resonant cavities, the distance between the first and second resonant cavities, the height of the first resonant cavity, and the height of the second resonant cavity according to the characteristic straight lines and their intersection points within the U-shaped resonant cavity.

[0097] Step 5: Adjust the U-shaped resonant cavity to meet the resonant cavity parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0098] α 腔 ≈0

[0099] d 腔A ≈d 腔B

[0100] h 腔A ≈h 腔B

[0101] Where, α 腔 d is the angle between the resonant cavities. 腔A d is the distance to the first resonant cavity. 腔B h is the distance to the second resonant cavity. 腔A h is the height of the first resonant cavity. 腔B The height of the second resonant cavity;

[0102] Step 6: Based on the guide rail coordinate system, determine the included angle of the first magnet, the distance between the first magnet and the first magnet, the height of the first magnet, the included angle of the second magnet, the distance between the second magnet and the height of the second magnet according to the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet;

[0103] Step 7: Adjust the deflection magnet to meet the magnet parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0104] α A磁 ≈0

[0105] d A磁 ≈d 腔A -Δs-Δd

[0106] h A磁 ≈h 腔A

[0107] α B磁 ≈0

[0108] d B磁 ≈d 腔A -Δd

[0109] h B磁 ≈h 腔A

[0110] Where, α A磁 Let d be the angle between the first magnets. A磁 Let Δs be the distance to the first magnet, Δd be the constant related to the deflection capability of the deflecting magnet, and h be the constant related to the magnet structure. A磁 Let α be the height of the first magnet. B磁 The angle between the second magnet and d B磁 h is the distance to the second magnet. B磁 The height of the second magnet;

[0111] Step 8: Based on the guide rail coordinate system, determine the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance according to the collimator's characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point, and magnet characteristic point;

[0112] Step 9: Adjust the cesium furnace to meet the collimator parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0113] α 准 ≈θ

[0114] d 准 ≈d A磁 -d 准磁 ·tanα 准 -Δs 准

[0115] h 准高 ≈h 腔A

[0116] Where, α 准 θ is the collimator angle, θ is the beam optical deflection angle, and d 准 d is the distance to the first collimator. 准磁 The distance to the second collimator, Δs 准 h is the distance between the collimator feature point and the collimator center. 准高 The collimator height;

[0117] Step 10: Based on the guide rail coordinate system, determine the distance between the first ionizer and the second ionizer according to the characteristic straight line, characteristic point of the ionizer and the characteristic point of the magnet;

[0118] Step 11: Adjust the ionizer to meet the ionizer parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula:

[0119] d 离 ≈d B磁 +Δs+d 离磁 tanα 准

[0120] Where, d 离 d is the distance to the first ionizer. 离磁 This is the distance to the second ionizer.

[0121] In one implementation, the guide rail coordinate system is determined based on the characteristic straight line within the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail, specifically including:

[0122] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the guide rail, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the guide rail.

[0123] Rotate the X-axis of the initial coordinate system of the guide rail around the Z+ axis to the guide rail characteristic line to determine the guide rail coordinate system. The guide rail characteristic line is parallel to the beam optical center line and serves as the reference line for the angle of each component in the X direction and the position in the Y direction.

[0124] In one embodiment, the characteristic straight line and the intersection point of the characteristic straight line within the U-shaped resonant cavity are determined by the following method:

[0125] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane inside the side of the U-shaped resonant cavity, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the resonant cavity;

[0126] Four characteristic straight lines of the square hole in arm A are measured by marking points. The opposite characteristic straight lines are then fitted into two orthogonal straight lines. The intersection point of the two straight lines is obtained by intersecting and fitting, and is determined as the center point of the square hole in arm A. The above steps are repeated for the square hole in arm B to determine the center point of the square hole in arm B.

[0127] In one embodiment, the resonant cavity angle, the first resonant cavity distance, the second resonant cavity distance, the first resonant cavity height, and the second resonant cavity height are determined based on the characteristic straight lines within the U-shaped resonant cavity and their intersection points. Specifically, this includes:

[0128] The resonant cavity angle is determined based on the angle between the characteristic straight line of the resonant cavity and the characteristic straight line of the guide rail.

[0129] Based on the distances from the center point of the square hole in arm A and the center point of the square hole in arm B to the characteristic straight line of the guide rail, the distances of the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are determined respectively.

[0130] The heights of the first and second resonant cavities are determined based on the distances from the center points of the square holes in arms A and B to the reference plane.

[0131] In one embodiment, the deflecting magnet includes magnet A and magnet B; and

[0132] The characteristic straight line and characteristic points of the deflecting magnet are determined in the following way:

[0133] Based on a straight line parallel to the Z plane on the side of the salient pole head of magnet A, the characteristic straight line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic straight line of magnet A.

[0134] Based on a tangent point of the salient pole of magnet A, the first characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by dot measurement.

[0135] Repeat the above steps for magnet B to determine the characteristic line of magnet B and the first characteristic point of magnet B.

[0136] In one embodiment, determining the first magnet angle, the first magnet distance, the first magnet height, the second magnet angle, the second magnet distance, and the second magnet height based on the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet specifically includes:

[0137] Based on the angle between the characteristic line of magnet A and the characteristic line of the guide rail, and the angle between the characteristic line of magnet B and the characteristic line of the guide rail, determine the first magnet angle and the second magnet angle respectively.

[0138] Based on the distances from the characteristic lines of magnet A and magnet B to the characteristic lines of the guide rail, determine the distances of the first magnet and the second magnet, respectively.

[0139] The heights of the first magnet and the second magnet are determined based on the distances from the first feature point of magnet A and the first feature point of magnet B to the reference plane.

[0140] In one embodiment, the spray direction of the collimator is parallel to one side of the cesium furnace; and

[0141] The characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic points of the collimator, and characteristic points of the magnet are determined in the following way:

[0142] The characteristic straight line of the collimator is obtained by measuring a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the cesium furnace that is parallel to the injection direction of the collimator.

[0143] Based on the spray cross section of the collimator, the characteristic surface of the collimator is obtained by point measurement;

[0144] By fitting the collimator feature point by piercing the collimator feature surface with a characteristic straight line, the collimator center height feature point is obtained by point measurement.

[0145] The second characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by marking a point on the cross-section of magnet A near the cesium furnace.

[0146] In one embodiment, the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance are determined based on the collimator's characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point, and the magnet's characteristic point, specifically including:

[0147] The collimator angle is determined by the angle between the collimator characteristic line and the guide rail characteristic line.

[0148] The first collimator distance is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the guide rail feature line.

[0149] The collimator height is determined based on the distance from the collimator center height feature point to the reference plane;

[0150] The distance of the second collimator is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the second feature point of magnet A.

[0151] In one embodiment, the ionizing wire is the functional area of ​​the ionizer; and

[0152] The characteristic lines, characteristic points, and magnet characteristic points of the ionizer are determined in the following way:

[0153] Based on two straight lines parallel to the ionizing wire on the ionizer, two characteristic straight lines are obtained by spot measurement, and the characteristic straight line of the ionizer is obtained by fitting the midpoint.

[0154] Based on a point on the focusing plate plane of the ionizer, the characteristic points of the ionizer are obtained by marking and measuring.

[0155] The second characteristic point of magnet B is obtained by measuring a point on the cross-section of magnet B near the ionizer.

[0156] In one embodiment, the first ionizer distance and the second ionizer distance are determined based on the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the ionizer and the characteristic point of the magnet, specifically including:

[0157] The distance to the first ionizer is determined based on the distance from the characteristic line of the ionizer to the characteristic line of the guide rail.

[0158] The distance to the second ionizer is determined based on the distance from the ionizer feature point to the second feature point of magnet B.

[0159] In practice, a coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the bottom, side, and cross-section of the guide rail to establish the workpiece coordinate system of the guide rail. The bottom surface is determined as the reference surface for measuring the height of the part. A straight line is measured by marking points on the side of the guide rail as the reference line for measuring angles and distances in the horizontal plane.

[0160] The resonant cavity is a U-shaped waveguide cavity composed of two symmetrical waveguide arms. Both arms have openings for cesium atoms to enter and exit. According to beam optics, the resonant cavity needs to be parallel to the side of the guide rail and centered on the guide rail. The openings of the two arms are square or circular. By using a coordinate measuring machine to measure the openings, the center of the opening can be determined. The distance from this center to the reference line and the reference plane is calculated. By rotating the resonant cavity and adding shims, several adjustments and measurements are made until the distances from the centers of the two openings to the collinear line are approximately the same, and the heights from the centers of the openings to the reference plane are approximately the same. Then, the central axis of the resonant cavity is parallel to the reference line and centered on the guide rail.

[0161] The deflecting magnets are divided into A and B, and their effective area is a crescent-shaped aperture formed by the magnet's cathode and anode. This aperture contains a non-uniform cavity strong magnetic field that can deflect cesium atoms. According to beam optics, cesium atoms undergo parabolic motion within this aperture. A point measurement is performed on the anode head to determine the height of this point from the reference plane and the distance from the reference line. The height of the point is adjusted to align with the beam optics' central axis using shims. By translating the deflecting magnets, a straight line is drawn from the anode tangent points A and B on the back of the anode structure. The angle between this line and the reference line is calculated. The position of the magnets is gradually adjusted using shims and rotational translation.

[0162] The collimator nozzle of the cesium furnace needs to be located on the beam optics trajectory, and the nozzle direction should form an angle θ with the central axis. A feature surface representing the direction of the collimator nozzle is machined on the cesium furnace assembly. The center position of the cesium nozzle is located on the beam optics trajectory, and the nozzle has an angle. The cesium furnace collimator is located in three-coordinate space. The ionization filament of the ionizer is located on the beam optics central axis, and the ionization filament surface is perpendicular to the central axis.

[0163] Specifically, see the cesium beam tube optical path. Figure 1 The guide rail is fixed to the measuring platform of the coordinate measuring machine using tooling. See the guide rail's three views and coordinate system references. Figure 2 By measuring the three orthogonal planes of the guide rail at designated points, a guide rail coordinate system C1 is established, defining the origin and the X, Y, and Z directions, which constitute the initial coordinate system of the guide rail. The origin is the intersection of the bottom, side, and cross-section surfaces of the guide rail. The X-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the side surface; the Y-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the cross-section; and the Z-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the bottom surface.

[0164] Select a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the inner side of the guide rail, and mark points to measure its characteristic straight line L. 01 The characteristic line of the guide rail is used to rotate the X-axis of coordinate system C1 around the Z+ axis to this characteristic line, forming a new coordinate system C2, which is the guide rail coordinate system. Characteristic line L 01Parallel to the beam optical axis L0, it is determined as the baseline in the X direction, serving as a reference line for the positions of components such as the U-shaped resonant cavity, deflection magnet, cesium furnace collimator, and ionization wire in the Y direction and the angles in the X direction.

[0165] For the bottom surface of the guide rail, mark and measure its characteristic plane P, which serves as the reference plane for the height of the U-shaped resonant cavity, deflection magnet, cesium furnace, and ionization wire.

[0166] Furthermore, baseline L 01 The number of points on the reference plane P shall not be less than 30 to ensure the accuracy of the reference measurement.

[0167] Furthermore, for the U-shaped resonant cavity structure and measurement characteristics, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The U-shaped resonant cavity is a U-shaped waveguide cavity with two symmetrical arms. There is a square opening in the middle of each arm that is parallel to the X direction. The resonant cavity is mounted on the guide rail by screws.

[0168] Select a straight line parallel to the Z-plane inside the side of the U-shaped resonant cavity, and measure its characteristic straight line L by marking points. 腔 These are the characteristic straight lines of the resonant cavity. Four characteristic straight lines of the square hole in arm A are measured by marking points. Using coordinate measuring machine software, the opposite characteristic lines are fitted into two orthogonal straight lines. The intersection point D of the two straight lines is obtained through intersection fitting. 腔A This is the center point of the square hole in arm A. Similarly, the center point D of the square hole in arm B is obtained by measurement. 腔B .

[0169] L was calculated using coordinate measuring machine software. 腔 To baseline L 01 The included angle α 腔 , which is the resonant cavity angle, D 腔A D 腔B To baseline L 01 The distances are respectively the distance d of the first resonant cavity. 腔A The distance d between the second resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity 腔B D 腔A D 腔B The distances to the reference plane P are respectively the height h of the first resonant cavity. 腔A The height h of the second resonant cavity 腔B Adjust the resonant cavity parameters by rotating the U-shaped resonant cavity and adding or removing shims until the required parameters are met.

[0170] α 腔 ≈0

[0171] d 腔A ≈d 腔B

[0172] h 腔A ≈h 腔B

[0173] The central axis of the U-shaped resonant cavity basically coincides with the central axis L0 of the beam optics.

[0174] Furthermore, the resonant cavity parameters are required to be:

[0175] α 腔 ≤0.025°

[0176] d 腔A -d 腔B ≤0.025mm

[0177] h 腔A -h 腔B ≤0.025mm.

[0178] Furthermore, for the structure and measurement characteristics of the deflecting magnet pole head, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The deflecting magnets are divided into magnet A and magnet B, which have the same magnetic pole structure. Their effective region is a crescent-shaped aperture formed by concave and convex magnetic pole heads. They are mounted on a guide rail by screws and are located on opposite sides of the U-shaped resonant cavity. A straight line parallel to the Z-plane is selected on the inner side of the convex pole head of magnet A, and the characteristic straight line L is measured by marking points on it. A磁 That is, the characteristic straight line of magnet A. Select a tangent point of the salient pole head and mark the characteristic point D for measurement. A磁1 This is the first characteristic point of magnet A.

[0179] Calculate L A磁 To baseline L 01 Angle α A磁 (i.e., the angle between the first magnets) and distance d A磁 (that is, the distance to the first magnet), D A磁1 Height h to reference plane P A磁 That is, the height of the first magnet.

[0180] Adjust the parameters of magnet A by rotating and translating it, and by adding or removing shims, until the required parameters of magnet A are met.

[0181] α A磁 ≈0

[0182] d A磁 ≈d 腔A -Δs-Δd

[0183] h A磁 ≈h 腔A

[0184] Where Δs is a constant determined by the deflection capability of the deflecting magnet, and Δd is a constant determined by the structure of the magnet.

[0185] Furthermore, the parameter requirements for magnet A are as follows:

[0186] α A磁≤0.025°

[0187] d A磁 -(d 腔A -Δs-Δd)≤0.025mm

[0188] h A磁 -h 腔A ≤0.025mm

[0189] Similarly, select a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the inner side of the salient pole head of magnet B, and mark points to measure the characteristic straight line L. B磁 That is, the characteristic straight line of magnet B. Select a tangent point of the salient pole head and mark the characteristic point D for measurement. B磁1 This is the first characteristic point of magnet B.

[0190] Calculate L B磁 To baseline L 01 Angle α B磁 (i.e., the angle between the second magnets) and distance d B磁 (that is, the distance to the second magnet), D B磁1 Height h to reference plane P B磁 This is the height of the second magnet. Adjust the height by rotating and translating magnet B, and by adding or removing shims, until the parameters of magnet B meet the requirements.

[0191] α B磁 ≈0

[0192] d B磁 ≈d 腔A -Δd

[0193] h B磁 ≈h 腔A

[0194] Furthermore, the parameter requirements for magnet B are as follows:

[0195] α B磁 ≤0.025°

[0196] d B磁 -(d 腔A -Δd)≤0.025mm

[0197] h B磁 -h 腔A ≤0.025mm

[0198] Furthermore, for the structure and measurement characteristics of the cesium furnace nozzle, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The cesium furnace ejects a cesium atomic beam through a collimator, the beam's direction being parallel to a side surface of the furnace structure. A straight line parallel to the Z-plane within this side surface is selected, and the characteristic straight line L is measured by marking points. 准This refers to the collimator's characteristic straight line. The spray section of the collimator is selected, and the characteristic plane P is measured by marking points. 准 This is the collimator characteristic surface, which is measured using coordinate measuring software. 准 Piercing P 准 Fit to feature point D 准 This refers to the collimator feature point, D, which is the feature point used to measure the center height of the collimator. 准高 The collimator center height feature point is obtained by selecting a point on the cross-section of magnet A near the cesium furnace and measuring the point. A磁2 This is the second characteristic point of magnet A.

[0199] Calculate L 准 To baseline L 01 Angle α 准 , which is the collimator angle, D 准 To baseline L 01 distance d 准 , which is the distance of the first collimator, D 准高 Height h to reference plane P 准高 This is the collimator height, D. 准 To D A磁2 distance d 准磁 That is, the distance of the second collimator.

[0200] Adjust the collimator parameters by rotating and translating the cesium furnace and adding or removing shims until the collimator parameters meet the requirements:

[0201] α 准 ≈θ

[0202] d 准 ≈d A磁 -d 准磁 ·tanα 准 -Δs 准

[0203] h 准高 ≈h 腔A

[0204] Where Δs 准 D 准 The distance from the collimator center is a constant determined by the cesium furnace structure. θ is the beam optical deflection angle, which is the cesium furnace deflection angle set during assembly. Furthermore, θ takes a value of 1.5°-3.0°.

[0205] Furthermore, the collimator parameters are required to be:

[0206] α 准 -θ≤0.025°

[0207] d 准 -(d A磁 -d准磁 ·tanα 准 -Δs 准 ≤0.025mm

[0208] h 准高 -h 腔A ≤0.025mm

[0209] Further details on the ionization filament structure and measurement characteristics can be found in [link to documentation]. Figure 6 The ionizing wire is typically a soft tantalum wire and forms the functional area of ​​the ionizer. Two straight lines parallel to the tantalum wire on the ionizer structure are selected for positioning, and characteristic lines are obtained through point measurements. Furthermore, these lines are fitted to form a characteristic line L. 离 This is the characteristic straight line of the ionizer; select a point on the ionizer structure that can represent the position of the ionizing wire in the X direction, for example, select a point on the aggregation plane plate, and measure the point to obtain the characteristic point D. 离 This is the characteristic point of the ionizer; select a point on the cross-section of magnet B near the ionizer, and measure the point to obtain characteristic point D. B磁2 This is the second characteristic point of magnet B.

[0210] Calculate L 离 To baseline L 01 distance d 离 , which is the distance to the first ionizer, D 离 To D B磁2 The distance is d. 离磁 This is the distance to the second ionizer. Adjust the distance by moving the ionizer until the required ionizer parameters are met.

[0211] d 离 ≈d B磁 +Δs+d 离磁 tanα 准

[0212] Furthermore, the ionizer parameters are required to be d. 离 -(d B磁 +Δs+d 离磁 tanα 准 ≤0.025mm.

[0213] By following the steps above, the U-shaped resonant cavity, deflecting magnet, cesium furnace, and ionizer are sequentially installed on the guide rail. This ensures that each component is arranged according to the beam optical path, allowing the cesium atom beam to reach the ionization wire along the beam optical path and generate the required cesium ion signal.

[0214] Example 1 provides a precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM). First, the bottom and side surfaces of the guide rail are determined as references. Key features of the resonant cavity, deflector magnet, cesium furnace, and ionizer are identified as assembly adjustment items, and their actual positions in the beam optics space are determined. Using a CMM for point measurement, the position of each component relative to the reference in three-dimensional space is precisely determined. Based on the deviation between the measured position and the theoretical position in the beam optics, parameters such as the height and angle of the components are adjusted to gradually bring their actual positions closer to the theoretical positions, ensuring precise alignment along the beam optics path. Since the CMM's measurement accuracy can reach 0.003mm, it accurately determines the position of each part in three-dimensional space and reduces random errors caused by the subjective factors of the measurement personnel. Therefore, this invention effectively ensures that each part is strictly aligned according to the beam optics position, improving the assembly accuracy of the cesium bundle tube. Simultaneously, the CMM can perform automatic or semi-automatic measurement, making the measurement process simple and fast, and greatly improving the efficiency of precision measurement and assembly of the cesium bundle tube.

[0215] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0216] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A precision assembly method for magnetically separated cesium bundle tubes based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement, characterized in that, include: An initial coordinate system for the guide rail is established by measuring three orthogonal planes of the guide rail using point marking. The guide rail is fixed on the measuring platform of the coordinate measuring machine using tooling. The origin of the initial coordinate system is the intersection of the bottom surface, side surface, and cross-section of the guide rail. The X-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the side surface, the Y-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the cross-section, and the Z-axis is a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the bottom surface. Determine the guide rail coordinate system based on the characteristic straight line inside the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail; The characteristic plane of the bottom surface of the guide rail is obtained by point measurement and determined as the reference plane for the height of each component; Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the resonant cavity angle, the distance between the first and second resonant cavities, the height of the first resonant cavity, and the height of the second resonant cavity are determined according to the characteristic straight lines and the intersection points of the characteristic straight lines inside the U-shaped resonant cavity. The U-shaped resonant cavity is adjusted to meet the resonant cavity parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula: α 腔 ≈0 d 腔A ≈d 腔B h 腔A ≈h 腔B Where, α 腔 d is the angle between the resonant cavities. 腔A d is the distance to the first resonant cavity. 腔B h is the distance to the second resonant cavity. 腔A h is the height of the first resonant cavity. 腔B The height of the second resonant cavity; Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the included angle of the first magnet, the distance between the first magnet and the height of the first magnet, the included angle of the second magnet, the distance between the second magnet and the height of the second magnet are determined according to the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet; Adjust the deflection magnet to meet the magnet parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula: α A磁 ≈0 d A磁 ≈d 腔A -Δs-Δd h A磁 ≈h 腔A α B磁 ≈0 d B磁 ≈d 腔A -Δd h B磁 ≈h 腔A Where, α A磁 Let d be the angle between the first magnets. A磁 Let Δs be the distance to the first magnet, Δd be the constant related to the deflection capability of the deflecting magnet, and h be the constant related to the magnet structure. A磁 Let α be the height of the first magnet. B磁 The angle between the second magnet and d B磁 h is the distance to the second magnet. B磁 The height of the second magnet; Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance are determined according to the collimator's characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point, and the magnet's characteristic point. The cesium furnace is adjusted to meet the collimator parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula: a 准 ≈θ d 准 ≈d A磁 -d 准磁 ·tanα 准 -Δs 准 h 准高 ≈h 腔A Where, α 准 θ is the collimator angle, θ is the beam optical deflection angle, and d 准 d is the distance to the first collimator. 准磁 The distance to the second collimator, Δs 准 h is the distance between the collimator feature point and the collimator center. 准高 The collimator height; Based on the guide rail coordinate system, the distances of the first and second ionizers are determined according to the characteristic lines and points of the ionizers and the characteristic points of the magnets. Adjust the ionizer to meet the ionizer parameter requirements, which are determined by the following formula: d 离 ≈d B磁 +Δs+d 离磁 tanα 准 Where, d 离 d is the distance to the first ionizer. 离磁 This is the distance to the second ionizer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic lines within the guide rail and the initial coordinate system of the guide rail, the guide rail coordinate system is determined, specifically including: Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the guide rail, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the guide rail. Rotate the X-axis of the initial coordinate system of the guide rail around the Z+ axis to the guide rail characteristic line to determine the guide rail coordinate system. The guide rail characteristic line is parallel to the beam optical center line and serves as the reference line for the angle of each component in the X direction and the position in the Y direction.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The characteristic straight lines and their intersection points within the U-shaped resonant cavity are determined in the following way: Based on a straight line parallel to the Z-plane inside the side of the U-shaped resonant cavity, the characteristic line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic line of the resonant cavity; Four characteristic straight lines of the square hole in arm A are measured by marking points. The opposite characteristic straight lines are then fitted into two orthogonal straight lines. The intersection point of the two straight lines is obtained by intersecting and fitting, and is determined as the center point of the square hole in arm A. The above steps are repeated for the square hole in arm B to determine the center point of the square hole in arm B.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic straight lines within the U-shaped resonant cavity and their intersection points, the included angle of the resonant cavity, the distance to the first resonant cavity, the distance to the second resonant cavity, the height of the first resonant cavity, and the height of the second resonant cavity are determined, specifically including: The resonant cavity angle is determined based on the angle between the characteristic straight line of the resonant cavity and the characteristic straight line of the guide rail. Based on the distances from the center point of the square hole in arm A and the center point of the square hole in arm B to the characteristic straight line of the guide rail, the distances of the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are determined respectively. The heights of the first and second resonant cavities are determined based on the distances from the center points of the square holes in arms A and B to the reference plane.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Deflecting magnets include magnet A, magnet B; and The characteristic straight line and characteristic points of the deflecting magnet are determined in the following way: Based on a straight line parallel to the Z plane on the side of the salient pole head of magnet A, the characteristic straight line of the line is obtained by marking points and is determined as the characteristic straight line of magnet A. Based on a tangent point of the salient pole of magnet A, the first characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by dot measurement. Repeat the above steps for magnet B to determine the characteristic line of magnet B and the first characteristic point of magnet B.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic straight line and characteristic point of the deflecting magnet, determine the included angle of the first magnet, the distance between the first magnets, the height of the first magnet, the included angle of the second magnet, the distance between the second magnets, and the height of the second magnet, specifically including: Based on the angle between the characteristic line of magnet A and the characteristic line of the guide rail, and the angle between the characteristic line of magnet B and the characteristic line of the guide rail, determine the first magnet angle and the second magnet angle respectively. Based on the distances from the characteristic lines of magnet A and magnet B to the characteristic lines of the guide rail, determine the distances of the first magnet and the second magnet, respectively. The heights of the first magnet and the second magnet are determined based on the distances from the first feature point of magnet A and the first feature point of magnet B to the reference plane.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spray direction of the collimator is parallel to one side of the cesium furnace; and The characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic points of the collimator, and characteristic points of the magnet are determined in the following way: The characteristic straight line of the collimator is obtained by measuring a straight line parallel to the Z-plane on the side of the cesium furnace that is parallel to the injection direction of the collimator. Based on the spray cross section of the collimator, the characteristic surface of the collimator is obtained by point measurement; By fitting the collimator feature point by piercing the collimator feature surface with a characteristic straight line, the collimator center height feature point is obtained by point measurement. The second characteristic point of magnet A is obtained by marking a point on the cross-section of magnet A near the cesium furnace.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic straight line, characteristic plane, characteristic point of the collimator, and characteristic point of the magnet, determine the collimator angle, the first collimator distance, the collimator height, and the second collimator distance, specifically including: The collimator angle is determined by the angle between the collimator characteristic line and the guide rail characteristic line. The first collimator distance is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the guide rail feature line. The collimator height is determined based on the distance from the collimator center height feature point to the reference plane; The distance of the second collimator is determined based on the distance from the collimator feature point to the second feature point of magnet A.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The ionizing wire is the active area of ​​the ionizer; and The characteristic lines, characteristic points, and magnet characteristic points of the ionizer are determined in the following way: Based on two straight lines parallel to the ionizing wire on the ionizer, two characteristic straight lines are obtained by spot measurement, and the characteristic straight line of the ionizer is obtained by fitting the midpoint. Based on a point on the focusing plate plane of the ionizer, the characteristic points of the ionizer are obtained by marking and measuring. The second characteristic point of magnet B is obtained by measuring a point on the cross-section of magnet B near the ionizer.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic lines and points of the ionizer and the characteristic points of the magnet, the distances to the first and second ionizers are determined, specifically including: The distance to the first ionizer is determined based on the distance from the characteristic line of the ionizer to the characteristic line of the guide rail. The distance to the second ionizer is determined based on the distance from the ionizer feature point to the second feature point of magnet B.

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