A probing machine and a method for testing the bearing capacity of a foundation.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a probing machine. It includes a base, a portal-shaped support on the base, a mounting frame on the support, and a first drive mechanism on the support. The mounting frame has a rotating rod and a second drive mechanism. The outer circumference of the rotating rod has helical blades, and a limiting sleeve is fitted around the outer side of the helical blades. A drop hammer is positioned between the limiting sleeves. The helical blades have through grooves and a sealing plate. A telescopic rod is positioned below the sealing plate, and a probe rod is positioned below the drop hammer. A position sensor and a pressure sensor are mounted on the probe rod. A control panel is also mounted on the support. This invention, by setting up a control panel, is communicatively connected to the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the telescopic rod, the position sensor, and the pressure sensor. The control panel obtains the relationship between penetration depth and the number of blows based on the position signal transmitted by the position sensor and the hammering signal transmitted by the pressure sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a probing machine and a method for testing the bearing capacity of a foundation. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction industry, testing the bearing capacity of foundations is essential. With societal development, probing machines have gradually replaced manual compaction methods. However, technological advancements have led to an increasing number of fields pursuing intelligent development, which is more conducive to saving labor costs and improving work efficiency. Traditional probing technology mainly relies on manual operation of the probing machine, which can cause data errors and waste human resources in many steps, increasing labor costs and seriously affecting the accuracy of the probing results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a probing machine and a method for testing the bearing capacity of the foundation, which can effectively improve the probing efficiency and ensure the accuracy of the probing results. It is safe, reliable, easy to operate, and can effectively shorten the construction period.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is a probing machine, including a base, a gate-shaped bracket on the base, a mounting frame on the bracket, and a first driving mechanism on the bracket to drive the mounting frame to move up and down. The mounting frame has two rotating rods and a second driving mechanism that drives the two rotating rods to rotate. The rotating rods are rotatably connected to the mounting frame. The outer circumferential surface of the rotating rods is provided with helical blades. A limiting cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the helical blades. A limiting groove is provided vertically on the limiting cylinder. The limiting grooves on the two limiting cylinders are arranged opposite to each other. A drop hammer is provided between the two limiting cylinders. Both ends of the drop hammer are provided with protrusions. The protrusions pass through the limiting grooves and are located in the gap of the helical blades. The spiral blade is provided with a through groove, and a sealing plate is provided at the position of the through groove. The inner side of the sealing plate is hinged to the spiral blade. A telescopic rod is provided below the sealing plate to drive the sealing plate to open or close the through groove. One end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the rotating rod, and the other end is hinged to the lower surface of the sealing plate. A probe is provided vertically below the drop hammer, and a through hole is provided on the mounting bracket for the probe to pass through. A position sensor is installed on the probe rod, and a pressure sensor is installed on the top of the probe rod. A control panel is also installed on the bracket. The control panel is communicatively connected to the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the telescopic rod, the position sensor, and the pressure sensor.

[0005] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor, and a winding wheel is rotatably connected to the mounting frame. The first motor is driven by the winding wheel, and a steel wire rope is wound on the winding wheel. The bracket includes two longitudinal beams and a crossbeam connecting the two longitudinal beams. The lower surface of the crossbeam is provided with two upper pulleys distributed to the left and right. The upper surface of the mounting frame is provided with two lower pulleys distributed to the left and right and arranged alternately with the two upper pulleys. The first end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the winding wheel, and the tail end passes sequentially through the upper pulley on the right, the lower pulley on the right, the upper pulley on the left, and the lower pulley on the left, and its tail end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the crossbeam.

[0006] Furthermore, a first guide member is vertically arranged on the longitudinal beam, and a second guide member is arranged on the mounting bracket to cooperate with the first guide member. The second guide member can move up and down relative to the first guide member.

[0007] Furthermore, the second drive mechanism includes a second motor, which is fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket. The output end of the second motor is connected to a first gear, and the rotating rod is provided with a second gear that meshes with the first gear.

[0008] Furthermore, a rotation counter is provided at the output end of the second motor, and the rotation counter is communicatively connected to the control panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the first motor and the second motor are the same servo motor. The first motor is connected to the winding wheel via a first belt, and the second motor is connected to the first gear via a second belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the bracket is provided with multiple support rods at an angle, the upper end of the support rods is fixedly connected to the bracket, and the lower end of the support rods is fixedly connected to the base.

[0011] Furthermore, omnidirectional wheels are provided at the bottom of the base.

[0012] The method for testing the bearing capacity of a foundation, using the aforementioned probing machine, includes the following steps. S1: Move the base to the detection position, and the control panel controls the first drive mechanism to work, raising the mounting bracket until the probe is vertical and the bottom of the probe is in contact with the ground. The position sensor uploads the initial height of the probe to the control panel. S2: The control panel controls the second drive mechanism to work, raising the drop hammer to the working height. Then, the control panel controls the telescopic rod to open the through slot. After the through slot is opened, the drop hammer makes free fall motion to hammer the probe rod. The pressure sensor transmits the signal to the control panel to record the number of hammer blows. At the same time, the position sensor transmits the real-time height of the probe rod to the control panel. The initial height minus the real-time height is the probe rod displacement. S3: Repeat step S2 until the detection is complete; S4: Determine the bearing capacity at the detection location by recording the probe displacement and hammer blow count in the control panel.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting up a control panel, which is communicatively connected to the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the telescopic rod, the position sensor, and the pressure sensor, the control panel obtains the relationship between the penetration depth and the number of hammer blows based on the position signal transmitted by the position sensor and the hammer blow signal transmitted by the pressure sensor. This allows for the direct acquisition of the result of whether the measured foundation bearing capacity is qualified, avoiding the need for manual recording of hammer blows and formula conversion, improving the efficiency of foundation bearing capacity testing, ensuring the accuracy of foundation bearing capacity testing results, saving labor costs, ensuring safety and reliability, facilitating operation, and effectively shortening the construction period. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial sectional view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a falling hammer; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a helical blade; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Side view.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1-Base; 2-Bracket; 201-Longitudinal beam; 202-Crossbeam; 203-Support rod; 3-Mounting frame; 4-Rotating rod; 5-Helical blade; 501-Through groove; 502-Sealing plate; 503-Telescopic rod; 6-Limiting cylinder; 601-Limiting groove; 7-Falling hammer; 8-Protrusion; 9-Probe rod; 901-Position sensor; 10-Control panel; 11-First motor; 12-Winding wheel; 13-Wire rope; 14-Upper pulley; 15-Lower pulley; 16-Second motor; 17-First gear; 18-Second gear; 19-Rotation counter; 20-First belt; 21-Second belt; 22-Universal wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1-5As shown, the present invention discloses a probing machine, including a base 1, a portal-shaped support 2 on the base 1, a mounting frame 3 on the support 2, and a first driving mechanism on the support 2 for driving the mounting frame 3 to move up and down; the base 1 is rectangular, and the support 2 can be connected to the base 1 by bolts, or by welding when both the base 1 and the support 2 are made of steel; the mounting frame 3 is a rectangular support, and the first driving mechanism can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0018] The mounting frame 3 has two rotating rods 4 and a second driving mechanism for driving the two rotating rods 4 to rotate. The rotating rods 4 are rotatably connected to the mounting frame 3. The outer circumference of the rotating rods 4 is provided with helical blades 5. A limiting cylinder 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the helical blades 5. The limiting cylinder 6 is provided with a vertical limiting groove 601. The limiting grooves 601 on the two limiting cylinders 6 are arranged opposite each other. A drop hammer 7 is provided between the two limiting cylinders 6. The two ends of the drop hammer 7 are provided with protrusions 8. The protrusions 8 pass through the limiting grooves 601 and are located in the gaps of the helical blades 5. The rotating rods 4 are arranged vertically and are connected to the mounting frame 3 by bearings. The second driving mechanism can be composed of two servo motors. The two servo motors are fixedly connected to the mounting frame 3, and the output ends of the two servo motors are fixedly connected to the two rotating rods 4, so that the second driving mechanism can drive the two rotating rods 4. The rotating rod 4 rotates; the connection between the spiral blade 5 and the rotating rod 4 can be integrally formed, and the spiral blade 5 on each rotating rod 4 has the same rotation direction; if the spiral blade 5 on each rotating rod 4 has a different rotation direction, the second drive mechanism needs to drive the two rotating rods 4 to rotate in opposite directions; the limiting cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 3, and the limiting cylinder 6 is vertically provided with a limiting groove 601, and the limiting grooves 601 on the two limiting cylinders 6 are arranged opposite to each other; an installation space for placing the drop hammer 7 is formed between the two limiting cylinders 6; the protrusion 8 is a rectangular block, and the protrusion 8 can be integrally formed with the drop hammer 7. During the installation process, the two protrusions 8 are respectively passed through the two limiting grooves 601 and are located in the gap of the spiral blade 5. In this way, when the second drive mechanism drives the rotating rod 4 to rotate, the spiral blade 5 will drive the protrusion 8 to move upward. At this time, the limiting groove 601 can limit the protrusion 8 back and forth, thereby causing the drop hammer 7 to move upward.

[0019] A through groove 501 is provided on the spiral blade 5, and a sealing plate 502 is provided at the location of the through groove 501. The inner side of the sealing plate 502 is hinged to the spiral blade 5. A telescopic rod 503 is provided below the sealing plate 502 to drive the sealing plate 502 to open or close the through groove 501. One end of the telescopic rod 503 is hinged to the rotating rod 4, and the other end is hinged to the lower surface of the sealing plate 502. A probe 9 is vertically provided below the drop hammer 7, and a through hole is provided on the mounting bracket 3 for the probe 9 to pass through. The through groove 501 is vertically arranged on the spiral blade 5. It should be noted that the spiral blade 5 includes multiple identical spiral segments, each spiral segment is provided with an opening, and the multiple openings form the through groove 501. The sealing plate 502 is a steel plate, which closes the through groove. At position 501, the upper surface of the sealing plate 502 is flush with the upper surface of the spiral blade 5. The inner side of the sealing plate 502 is hinged to the spiral blade 5. One end of the telescopic rod 503 is hinged to the rotating rod 4, and the other end is hinged to the lower surface of the sealing plate 502. Each opening is equipped with a sealing plate 502 and a telescopic rod 503. The telescopic rod 503 drives the sealing plate 502 to rotate around the spiral blade 5, thus opening or closing the through slot 501. In use, the sealing plate 502 first closes the through slot 501. When the second drive mechanism moves the drop hammer 7 upward to the working position, the protrusion 8 is located on the upper surface of the sealing plate 502. The telescopic rod 503 drives the sealing plate 502 to rotate, opening the through slot 501. This allows the drop hammer 7 to fall freely and strike the probe rod 9. The probe rod 9 is made of steel, and the mounting bracket 3 has a through hole for the probe rod 9 to pass through. The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the probe rod 9.

[0020] A position sensor 901 is installed on the probe rod 9, and a pressure sensor is installed on the top of the probe rod 9. A control panel 10 is also installed on the bracket 2. The control panel 10 is communicatively connected to the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the telescopic rod 503, the position sensor 901, and the pressure sensor. The position sensor 901 is used to detect the real-time position of the probe rod 9 and transmit the real-time position to the control panel 10. When the top of the probe rod 9 is hammered, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the control panel 10. Each time the control panel 10 receives a pressure sensor signal, it counts one hammer blow. The control panel 10 can control the first drive mechanism to move the mounting bracket 3 up and down, control the second drive mechanism to rotate or stop the rotating rod 4, and control the telescopic rod 503 to open or close the through slot 501. Automated operation can be achieved through the control panel 10.

[0021] Using a hydraulic cylinder or electric actuator to move the mounting bracket 3 up and down results in a shorter stroke for the mounting bracket 3; further, see... Figure 1The first driving mechanism includes a first motor 11, and a winding wheel 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 3. The first motor 11 is connected to the winding wheel 12 in a transmission manner, and a steel wire rope 13 is wound on the winding wheel 12. The bracket 2 includes two longitudinal beams 201 and a crossbeam 202 connecting the two longitudinal beams 201. The lower surface of the crossbeam 202 is provided with two upper pulleys 14 distributed to the left and right. The upper surface of the mounting frame 3 is provided with two lower pulleys 15 distributed to the left and right and arranged alternately with the two upper pulleys 14. The first end of the steel wire rope 13 is fixedly connected to the winding wheel 12, and the tail end passes through the upper pulley 14 on the right, the lower pulley 15 on the right, the upper pulley 14 on the left, and the lower pulley 15 on the left in sequence, and its tail end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the crossbeam 202. The winding wheel 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 3 via a bearing. The first motor 11 can be a forward and reverse motor. The first motor 11 drives the winding wheel 12 to rotate, winding the wire rope 13 around the winding wheel 12. Then, under the action of the upper pulley 14 and the lower pulley 15, the mounting frame 3 moves up and down. The combination of pulleys and wire rope 13 can increase the moving distance of the mounting frame 3 and make it more adaptable.

[0022] To enhance stability during the movement of the mounting bracket 3, a first guide member is vertically mounted on the longitudinal beam 201, and a second guide member is mounted on the mounting bracket 3 to cooperate with the first guide member. The second guide member can move up and down relative to the first guide member. The first guide member can be a dovetail groove, and the second guide member can be a dovetail block that cooperates with the dovetail groove; or the first guide member can be a T-slot, and the second guide member can be a T-block that cooperates with the T-slot.

[0023] The second drive mechanism uses two motors to drive the two rotating rods 4 respectively, resulting in poor synchronization. Further details can be found in [link to documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second drive mechanism includes a second motor 16, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 3. The output end of the second motor 16 is connected to a first gear 17. A second gear 18, meshing with the first gear 17, is provided on the rotating rod 4. The two bolt blades 5 rotate in the same direction. The second motor 16 can be a forward / reverse motor. The second motor 16 is connected to the mounting bracket 3 by bolts. The first gear 17 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 3 via a gear shaft. There are two first gears 17 and two second gears 18, each fixedly connected to one of the two rotating rods 4. The second motor 16 drives the first gear 17 to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 18 to rotate, thus causing the rotating rod 4 to rotate.

[0024] Because the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure from the falling hammer 7, it may be damaged during the probing process, leading to deviations in the hammer blow count recording. Further details can be found in the documentation. Figure 1The output end of the second motor 16 is equipped with a rotation counter 19, which is communicatively connected to the control panel 10. At the start of use, the rotation counter 19 is at 0. When the drop hammer 7 reaches the working height, the control panel 10 receives the rotation value M from the rotation counter 19 and then controls the telescopic rod 503 to open the through slot 501, allowing the drop hammer 7 to fall freely and strike the probe rod 9. When a stage of detection is completed, for example, when the probe rod 9 moves downwards by 30cm, the rotation value of the rotation counter 19 is N, then the number of strikes K = N / M.

[0025] To save costs, see further. Figure 2 The first motor 11 and the second motor 16 are the same servo motor. The first motor 11 is connected to the winding wheel 12 via a first belt 20, and the second motor 16 is connected to the first gear 17 via a second belt 21. In use, the servo motor first connects to the winding wheel 12 via the first belt 20 and drives the winding wheel 12 to rotate, thereby moving the mounting frame 3 upward. When the mounting frame 3 moves to the working position, the first belt 20 connected to the winding wheel 12 is removed, and the second belt 21 is rotated to connect to the first gear 17, driving the drop hammer 7 to move, thus realizing the probing operation.

[0026] To further improve the stability of bracket 2, see [link to further details]. Figure 5 The bracket 2 has multiple support rods 203 inclinedly arranged on it. The upper end of each support rod 203 is fixedly connected to the bracket 2, and the lower end of each support rod 203 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The support rods 203 and the bracket 2 can be connected by bolts, or by welding when both the support rods 203 and the bracket 2 are made of steel. Similarly, the support rods 203 and the base 1 can be connected by bolts, or by welding when both the support rods 203 and the base 1 are made of steel.

[0027] To facilitate the movement of the probing machine at the detection position, further see... Figure 1 A caster wheel 22 is provided below the base 1.

[0028] The method for testing the bearing capacity of a foundation, using the aforementioned probing machine, includes the following steps. S1: Move the base 1 to the detection position, control panel 10 controls the first drive mechanism to work, lift the mounting bracket 3 until the probe 9 is vertical and the bottom of the probe 9 is in contact with the ground, and position sensor 901 uploads the initial height of the probe 9 to control panel 10; S2: Control panel 10 controls the second drive mechanism to work, raising the drop hammer 7 to the working height. Then, control panel 10 controls telescopic rod 503 to open through slot 501. After through slot 501 is opened, drop hammer 7 performs free fall motion to hammer probe 9. Pressure sensor transmits signal to control panel 10 to record the number of hammer blows. At the same time, position sensor 901 transmits the real-time height of probe 9 to control panel 10. The initial height minus the real-time height is the displacement of probe 9. S3: Repeat step S2 until the detection is complete; S4: Determine the bearing capacity at the detection location by recording the displacement of probe 9 and the number of hammer blows in the control panel 10.

[0029] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A probing machine, comprising a base (1), wherein a portal frame (2) is provided on the base (1), a mounting frame (3) is provided on the mounting frame (2), and a first drive mechanism is provided on the mounting frame (3) to move up and down; Its features are: The mounting frame (3) is provided with two rotating rods (4) and a second driving mechanism for driving the two rotating rods (4) to rotate. The rotating rods (4) are rotatably connected to the mounting frame (3). The outer circumferential surface of the rotating rods (4) is provided with helical blades (5). The outer side of the helical blades (5) is provided with a limiting cylinder (6). The limiting cylinder (6) is provided with a vertical limiting groove (601). The limiting grooves (601) on the two limiting cylinders (6) are arranged opposite to each other. A drop hammer (7) is provided between the two limiting cylinders (6). The two ends of the drop hammer (7) are provided with protrusions (8). The protrusions (8) pass through the limiting grooves (601) and are located in the gap of the helical blades (5). A through groove (501) is provided on the spiral blade (5), and a sealing plate (502) is provided at the position of the through groove (501). The inner side of the sealing plate (502) is hinged to the spiral blade (5). A telescopic rod (503) for driving the sealing plate (502) to open or close the through groove (501) is provided below the sealing plate (502). One end of the telescopic rod (503) is hinged to the rotating rod (4), and the other end is hinged to the lower surface of the sealing plate (502). A probe rod (9) is vertically provided below the drop hammer (7), and a through hole for the probe rod (9) to pass through is provided on the mounting bracket (3). A position sensor (901) is provided on the probe (9), a pressure sensor is provided on the top of the probe (9), and a control panel (10) is also provided on the bracket (2). The control panel (10) is communicatively connected to the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the telescopic rod (503), the position sensor (901), and the pressure sensor.

2. The probing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a first motor (11), and a winding wheel (12) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (3). The first motor (11) is connected to the winding wheel (12) in a transmission manner, and a steel wire rope (13) is wound on the winding wheel (12). The bracket (2) includes two longitudinal beams (201) and a crossbeam (202) connecting the two longitudinal beams (201). The lower surface of the crossbeam (202) is provided with two upper pulleys (14) distributed to the left and right. The upper surface of the mounting frame (3) is provided with two lower pulleys (15) distributed to the left and right and arranged alternately with the two upper pulleys (14). The first end of the steel wire rope (13) is fixedly connected to the winding wheel (12), and the tail end passes through the upper pulley (14) on the right, the lower pulley (15) on the right, the upper pulley (14) on the left, and the lower pulley (15) on the left in sequence, and its tail end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the crossbeam (202).

3. A probing machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A first guide is vertically arranged on the longitudinal beam (201), and a second guide is arranged on the mounting bracket (3) to cooperate with the first guide. The second guide can move up and down relative to the first guide.

4. A probing machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second drive mechanism includes a second motor (16), which is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket (3). The output end of the second motor (16) is connected to a first gear (17), and the rotating rod (4) is provided with a second gear (18) that meshes with the first gear (17).

5. A probing machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the second motor (16) is equipped with a rotation counter (19), which is connected to the control panel (10) in communication.

6. A probing machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The first motor (11) and the second motor (16) use the same servo motor. The first motor (11) is connected to the winding wheel (12) via the first belt (20), and the second motor (16) is connected to the first gear (17) via the second belt (21).

7. A probing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple support rods (203) are inclinedly arranged on the bracket (2). The upper end of the support rod (203) is fixedly connected to the bracket (2), and the lower end of the support rod (203) is fixedly connected to the base (1).

8. A probing machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A caster wheel (22) is provided below the base (1).

9. A method for testing the bearing capacity of a foundation, using a probing machine as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: Move the base (1) to the detection position, control panel (10) controls the first drive mechanism to work, lift the mounting bracket (3) until the probe (9) is vertical and the bottom of the probe (9) is in contact with the ground, and position sensor (901) uploads the initial height of the probe (9) to control panel (10); S2: The control panel (10) controls the second drive mechanism to work, raising the drop hammer (7) to the working height. Then the control panel (10) controls the telescopic rod (503) to open the through slot (501). After the through slot (501) is opened, the drop hammer (7) makes free fall motion to hammer the probe (9). The pressure sensor transmits the signal to the control panel (10) to record the number of hammer blows. At the same time, the real-time height of the probe (9) is transmitted to the control panel (10). The initial height minus the real-time height is the displacement of the probe (9). S3: Repeat step S2 until the detection is complete; S4: Determine the bearing capacity at the detection location by the displacement of the probe (9) and the number of hammer blows recorded in the control panel (10).

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