A contact type deformation observation device for a dangerous rock mass of a slope

Abstract

This invention provides a contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, relating to the field of unstable rock mass detection technology. It includes an anchor rod with a hollow upper and lower section. The middle section of the anchor rod has external threads on its outer circumference. A camera is slidably mounted in the top section of the anchor rod, and a protective cylinder is connected above the top of the anchor rod, with the camera slidingly engaging with the protective cylinder. Three vertical jacking plates are rotatably connected to the lower section of the anchor rod. On each of the three vertical jacking plates, two sets of parallel connecting rods are rotatably connected at intervals on the side facing the anchor rod. The tail ends of the two sets of connecting rods are rotatably connected to the anchor rod. The three sets of connecting rods, three tie rods, and slip rings of this invention form three crank-rocker mechanisms. Through these three mechanisms, the sliding slip rings can drive all six sets of connecting rods to swing up and down, controlling the inward and outward movement of the three vertical jacking plates, thus adjusting the tension of the anchor rod and facilitating its installation at the crack location of the unstable rock mass on the slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope unstable rock mass detection technology, and in particular to a contact deformation observation device for slope unstable rock mass. Background Technology

[0002] Rock mass stability research has always been one of the fundamental issues in geotechnical engineering, especially after numerous natural disasters such as slope instability, which have garnered widespread attention. Currently, rock mass deformation and stability have become an important research direction in geotechnical engineering. To ensure project safety, monitoring, analysis, and the implementation of corresponding forecasting and control measures are beneficial for risk control during construction. Among these measures, deformation monitoring of unstable rock masses on steep slopes is particularly important.

[0003] Unstable rock masses refer to rock formations that have not yet collapsed but show signs of imminent collapse. While their surface may appear stable, they actually contain numerous dangerous factors. If left untreated, a collapse would cause serious safety accidents, especially on steep slopes where the resistance to collapse is relatively small, leading to more severe damage. Therefore, during construction on steep slopes, it is crucial to prioritize the treatment of unstable rock masses to prevent collapse and ensure construction safety ("Discussion on Construction Technology for the Treatment of Unstable Rock Masses on Steep Slopes," Zhang Zhengyong, 2016).

[0004] The unstable rock mass is in good stability under natural conditions, but under rainfall, the stress and displacement of the slope change significantly. Monitoring points show that under rainfall, infiltrating rainwater affects the rock mass's mechanical parameters, and the Houyuan sinkhole has a steeply dipping fissure. The rock mass, which had already shifted after a single tremor, is now affected by the tension of the fissure, and its center of gravity gradually shifts from inward to outward.

[0005] In existing technologies, deformation observation of unstable rock masses typically employs non-contact methods. For example, the invention patent (CN113324581A) applied for by Beijing Zhongguancun Zhilian Safety Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. discloses a high-precision non-contact method for monitoring and early warning of unstable rock masses on slopes. This method includes the following steps: deploying monitoring instruments; calibrating the camera; activating the vibration measurement module to acquire the velocity time history of the unstable rock surface on the slope; activating the large-scale particle image velocimetry module to acquire images of the unstable rock mass on the slope; the calculation module calculating the dominant vibration frequency and displacement rate of the unstable rock mass on the slope based on the velocity time history and the unstable rock mass images; real-time monitoring of the dominant vibration frequency and displacement rate of the unstable rock mass on the slope, issuing an early warning when these reach a preset threshold, and adjusting the shooting frequency of the large-scale particle image velocimetry module based on the warning information. This method, based on large-scale particle image velocimetry technology and laser vibration measurement technology, achieves remote, non-contact, and real-time monitoring and early warning of unstable rock masses on slopes.

[0006] In addition, the Chongqing Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Center has proposed an intelligent monitoring and early warning method for unstable rock masses using a combination of sound and light (CN113720851A). This method combines sound and light to provide immediate warnings before a rock mass collapses, and uses light to sweep across or illuminate the area, accurately indicating the visual threat range of the unstable rock mass to affected residents. This allows residents to move out of the illuminated area and avoid danger. Furthermore, when the path of the rock mass collapse changes, the direction, intensity, and width of the warning spotlights can be adjusted automatically or manually via a control module, achieving intelligent early warning and preventing casualties and property damage. This method can also automatically calculate or manually determine the possible rolling range and collapse threat area of ​​a rock mass based on its size, shape, height, and terrain conditions. The data is then input into the control module via the communication module to set and adjust the optimal intensity and width of the warning spotlights and the longitudinal rotation angle of the rotating mechanism. This allows the warning spotlight illumination range to be set and adjusted, thus enabling accurate and effective warnings of dangerous areas and ensuring the safety of public evacuation. On the other hand, it avoids narrowing the warning range and causing danger, or blindly expanding the warning range and causing unnecessary panic.

[0007] While non-contact observation has significant advantages, such as the ability to measure inaccessible objects like radiators and high-temperature bodies, and faster acquisition speeds due to digital image processing and computer recognition, it also has some obvious drawbacks compared to contact observation. These include lower accuracy and susceptibility to errors. Contact probe technology, on the other hand, has been developing for decades, with mature mechanical structures and electronic systems, resulting in high accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, contact observation allows direct contact with the surface of the rock mass, making the results less susceptible to interference from weather conditions or data transmission signals. However, existing contact observation methods also have significant drawbacks. For instance, current observation devices often rely on camera components to capture images of changes in the rock mass, and these components are typically anchored in cracks using anchor bolts. However, these cameras often lack the ability to automatically retract and protect against collapse after deformation and breakage, leaving them directly exposed to rock fragments and easily damaged. This makes them difficult to retrieve and reuse, rendering the devices largely disposable and hindering cost reduction. Therefore, against this backdrop, proposing a new solution that combines the advantages of non-contact and contact observation is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, aiming to combine the advantages of non-contact and contact monitoring to overcome problems such as poor accuracy and easy damage of existing monitoring methods.

[0009] The present invention provides the following technical solution to achieve the above objectives: A contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes includes an anchor rod. The upper and lower halves of the anchor rod are hollow. External threads are formed on the outer circumference of the middle section of the anchor rod. A camera is slidably installed in the top section of the anchor rod. A protective cylinder is connected above the top of the anchor rod, and the camera slides in cooperation with the protective cylinder. Three vertical jacking plates are rotatably connected around the lower half of the anchor rod. Two sets of parallel connecting rods are rotatably connected to the side of the three vertical jacking plates facing the anchor rod at intervals. The tail ends of the two sets of connecting rods are rotatably connected to the anchor rod.

[0010] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, the upper half of the anchor rod is fitted with an installation ring and a limiting ring at intervals, and a sliding ring is slidably fitted on the middle section of the anchor rod. Three tie rods are rotatably connected around the outer circumference of the sliding ring, and the tail ends of the three tie rods are rotatably connected to the top of the three vertical jacking plates.

[0011] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, at least two tension springs are connected between the mounting ring and the sliding ring. The tension springs can rebound and pull to drive the sliding ring to slide upward and reset.

[0012] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, a hexagonal sliding shaft is installed at the bottom center of the camera by screws. The hexagonal sliding shaft slides through and engages with the upper half of the anchor rod, and an L-shaped tie rod is connected to the bottom section of the hexagonal sliding shaft.

[0013] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, a vertically arranged long groove is provided through the outer circumference of the upper half of the anchor rod. The horizontal part of the L-shaped tie rod slides in conjunction with the long groove, and the bottom section of the L-shaped tie rod is connected and fixed to the slip ring.

[0014] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, a threaded knob is screwed onto the middle threaded section of the anchor rod. The threaded knob is located on the bottom side of the slip ring, and the slip ring is located on the bottom side of the limiting ring.

[0015] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, the top of the protective cylinder is equipped with a sealing plate, and a photoelectric proximity switch is threadedly installed at the center of the sealing plate; the top of the anchor rod is connected to a horizontally arranged top support plate, and the hexagonal sliding shaft is connected to the top support plate through fit.

[0016] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, a battery is installed in the hollow structure of the lower half of the anchor rod. The battery is electrically connected to a camera and a photoelectric proximity switch, and a plug is installed at the bottom thread of the anchor rod.

[0017] In the aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, the protective cylinder has a circular structure, and two vertical support shafts are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder. The bottom ends of the two vertical support shafts are connected and fixed to the top support plate.

[0018] The aforementioned contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes also includes a communication module connected to a camera and a photoelectric proximity switch. The communication module is connected to a remote control module, which in turn is connected to a display module and an alarm module.

[0019] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The three sets of connecting rods, three tie rods, and slip rings of the present invention are connected together to form three crank rocker mechanisms. Through these three mechanisms, the sliding slip rings can drive all six sets of connecting rods to swing up and down to control the inward and outward movement of the three vertical jacking plates, thereby tightening or loosening the anchor rods and making it easier to install them at the crack positions of dangerous rock masses on slopes.

[0020] 2. This invention uses the power transmission of the L-shaped tie rod. When the slip ring slides up and down to tighten or loosen the anchor rod, it can drive the camera to move in and out of the protective cylinder. This eliminates the trouble of manually operating the camera telescopic switch before and after use, making it convenient and time-saving to operate.

[0021] 3. When the cracks in the dangerous rock open and deform, and it collapses, the three vertical jacking plates lose the reverse pressure holding force of the cracks in the dangerous rock. They are automatically pulled back to their initial state of being externally slid open by the two tension springs. At the same time, the camera can be automatically pulled inward by the two tension springs and inserted into the protective cylinder for anti-collision protection. Thus, when the dangerous rock opens and deforms and collapses, the camera can be automatically hidden and shielded in the protective cylinder to implement active defense. Compared with the existing technology, it can effectively reduce the probability of the camera component being directly exposed to the collapsed rock fragments and being damaged. It is convenient for subsequent search and reuse, and it helps to reduce the cost of using the observation device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom side structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper half of the inner side of the anchor rod, which is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock mass of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner half-section of the protective cylinder, which is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the shrinkage state of the vertical jacking plate in the overall structural schematic diagram of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical jacking plate structure of the overall structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the anchor bolt of the overall structural schematic diagram of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses of the present invention. Figure 8 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of part A Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall installation and usage status of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the control process of the overall structure of the contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to the present invention. Attached reference numerals: 1-Anchor bolt; 101-Installation ring; 102-Limiting ring; 103-Threaded knob; 104-Plug; 105-Slip ring; 106-Tie rod; 107-Top support plate; 2-Vertical jacking plate; 201-Connecting rod; 3-Camera; 301-Hexagonal sliding shaft; 302-L-shaped tie rod; 4-Protective cylinder; 5-Photoelectric proximity switch; 6-Slope unstable rock mass. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] It should be noted that in this invention: the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," "longitudinal," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better describing the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; the terms "installed," "set," "equipped with," "connected," "linked," "sleeve," etc., should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral construction; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Furthermore, some terms, besides indicating direction or positional relationship, may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Example 1: A contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes.

[0027] like Figure 8 The application scenario of this device is as follows: when there are unstable rock masses 6 on the slopes of highways or other engineering projects or facilities that may collapse, and the handling is difficult, and the degree of danger of the unstable rock masses cannot be accurately identified, this technical solution can be used to conduct deformation observation for a certain period of time. During deformation observation, this device is installed at the crack location of the unstable rock mass 6, and then the stability of the unstable rock mass 6 is determined through observation over a certain period of time.

[0028] This device structure reference Figure 1-8 As shown, both the upper and lower halves of anchor rod 1 are hollow structures, and external threads are formed on the outer circumference of the middle section of anchor rod 1. A camera 3 is slidably installed in the top section of anchor rod 1. After the device is installed, camera 3 can observe the unstable rock mass on the slope.

[0029] A protective cylinder 4 is welded and supported at the top of the anchor rod 1. The camera 3 slides in conjunction with the protective cylinder 4, and the protective cylinder 4 can shield and protect the camera 3 that slides and is hidden inside it.

[0030] The lower half of the anchor bolt 1 is rotatably connected to three vertical jacking plates 2. Each of the three vertical jacking plates 2 has two sets of connecting rods 201 rotatably connected at intervals on the side facing the anchor bolt 1. The two sets of connecting rods 201 are parallel to each other, and their tail ends are rotatably connected to the anchor bolt 1. Through the movement of the connecting rods 201, the three vertical jacking plates 2 can expand and contract relative to the anchor bolt 1, and are used to firmly fix the anchor bolt 1 into the cracks of the rock mass.

[0031] An installation ring 101 and a limiting ring 102 are welded and fitted at intervals on the upper half of the anchor rod 1. A sliding ring 105 is slidably fitted on the middle section of the anchor rod 1. Three tie rods 106 are rotatably connected around the outer circumference of the sliding ring 105. The tail ends of the three tie rods 106 are rotatably connected to the top ends of the three vertical push plates 2. The tie rods 106 can be used to drive the movement of the three vertical push plates 2.

[0032] Two tension springs are symmetrically connected between the mounting ring 101 and the slip ring 105. The two tension springs can rebound and pull to drive the slip ring 105 to slide upward and reset, so that the three vertical push plates 2 are kept in the open use state and the camera 3 is kept in the protective use state of being inserted and hidden inside the protective cylinder 4.

[0033] A hexagonal sliding shaft 301 is screwed and installed at the bottom center of the camera 3. The hexagonal sliding shaft 301 slides through and engages with the upper half of the anchor rod 1, and an L-shaped tie rod 302 is welded to the bottom section of the hexagonal sliding shaft 301. The L-shaped tie rod 302 is used to move the camera 3 via the hexagonal sliding shaft 301.

[0034] A vertically arranged long groove is provided through the outer circumference of the upper half of the anchor rod 1. The horizontal part of the L-shaped tie rod 302 slides in conjunction with the long groove, and the bottom part of the L-shaped tie rod 302 is welded and fixed to the slip ring 105.

[0035] Through the above structure, the three vertical push plates 2 and the six sets of connecting rods 201 on them are connected to form three parallelogram swing-supporting mechanisms. When the six sets of connecting rods 201 swing upward, the three vertical push plates 2 expand outward to support and position the anchor rod 1. When the six sets of connecting rods 201 swing downward, the three vertical push plates 2 retract and abut against the anchor rod 1. The three sets of connecting rods 201 on the upper side are connected with the three tie rods 106 and the slip ring 105 to form three crank-rocker mechanisms. Through these three mechanisms, the sliding slip ring 105 can drive all six sets of connecting rods 201 to swing up and down, controlling the inward and outward movement and expansion of the three vertical push plates 2, and tightening or loosening the anchor rod 1. In addition, through the power transmission of the L-shaped tie rod 302, when the slip ring 105 slides up and down to tighten or loosen the anchor rod 1, it can drive the camera 3 to move in and out of the protective cylinder 4.

[0036] Furthermore, a threaded knob 103 is screwed onto the middle threaded section of the anchor rod 1, and the threaded knob 103 is located on the bottom side of the slip ring 105, which is located on the bottom side of the limiting ring 102. By pushing the threaded knob 103 upward, the slip ring 105 can be pushed upward, pressing and fixing the three vertical jacking plates 2 together with the cracks in the rock, thus providing stable support and positioning for the anchor rod 1. When the cracks in the dangerous rock crack and deform, and collapse occurs, the three vertical jacking plates 2 lose the reverse pressure holding force of the cracks in the dangerous rock and will be automatically pulled by two tension springs to return to their initial state of being externally slid open. At the same time, the camera 3 can be automatically pulled by two tension springs and inserted into the protective cylinder 4 for anti-collision protection.

[0037] Furthermore, the top of the protective cylinder 4 is a sealed structure, and a photoelectric proximity switch 5 is threadedly mounted at the center of the top sealing plate of the protective cylinder 4. A horizontally arranged top support plate 107 is welded to the top of the anchor rod 1, and the hexagonal sliding shaft 301 is connected to the top support plate 107. The hollow cavity of the lower half of the anchor rod 1 is used to insert and place the battery that supplies power to the camera 3 and the photoelectric proximity switch 5, and a plug 104 is threadedly installed on the bottom opening of the anchor rod 1.

[0038] In normal operation, the sliding ring 105 of this device is pulled upward and sliding by two tension springs, the three vertical push plates 2 are in an expanded state, and the camera 3 slides upward and is built into the protective cylinder 4. The protective cylinder 4 has a circular structure, and two vertical support shafts are symmetrically welded to the bottom of the protective cylinder 4. The bottom ends of the two vertical support shafts are welded and fixed together with the top support plate 107.

[0039] Example 2: A contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes. This example is based on Example 1 and further includes a communication module, a remote control module, a display module, and an alarm module. The communication module uses 4G or 5G. The control mode of the device is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0040] Camera 3 and photoelectric proximity switch 5 transmit data and control commands to the remote control module via a 4G communication module. The remote control module is electrically connected to the display module and the alarm module. The remote control module can display and observe the video of the deformation of the dangerous rock mass on the steep slope transmitted by camera 3 in real time through the display module. When the dangerous rock mass cracks, deforms, and collapses, camera 3, inserted in the protective cylinder 4, can approach and trigger photoelectric proximity switch 5 for active defense. Photoelectric proximity switch 5 transmits the trigger signal to the remote control module, which then controls the alarm module to activate the alarm, thus realizing the combination of contact and non-contact observation.

[0041] The specific usage and working principle of this device: When using this device, the camera 3 is fixed to the unstable rock mass 6 on the slope via the anchor rod 1 (refer to...). Figure 9 The three vertical jacking plates 2 and the six sets of connecting rods 201 on them are connected to form three parallelogram swinging and tightening mechanisms. When the six sets of connecting rods 201 are swung upward, the three vertical jacking plates 2 expand outward to tighten and position the anchor rod 1 and the camera 3 in the crack of the dangerous rock. When the six sets of connecting rods 201 are swung downward, the three vertical jacking plates 2 contract and abut against the anchor rod 1 to loosen the anchor rod 1. The threaded knob 103 can be pushed upwards to drive the slip ring 105 upwards, fixing the three vertical push plates 2 together with the cracks in the rock, providing stable support and positioning for the anchor rod 1. When the cracks in the dangerous rock deform and collapse, the three vertical push plates 2 lose the reverse pressure holding force of the cracks in the dangerous rock and will be automatically pulled back by the two tension springs to return to the initial state of the outward sliding support. At the same time, the camera 3 can be automatically pulled in by the two tension springs and inserted into the protective cylinder 4 for anti-collision protection.

[0042] Obviously, the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any combination, modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, and all other embodiments that can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes, characterized in that: The anchor rod (1) is hollow in both its upper and lower sections. The middle section of the anchor rod (1) has an external thread on its outer circumference. A camera (3) is slidably installed in the top section of the anchor rod (1). A protective cylinder (4) is connected above the top of the anchor rod (1). The camera (3) and the protective cylinder (4) are slidably engaged. Three vertical push plates (2) are rotatably connected around the lower section of the anchor rod (1). Two sets of parallel connecting rods (201) are rotatably connected on the side of the three vertical push plates (2) facing the anchor rod (1) at intervals. The tail ends of the two sets of connecting rods (201) are rotatably connected to the anchor rod (1). The upper half of the anchor rod (1) is fitted with an installation ring (101) and a limiting ring (102) at intervals. The middle section of the anchor rod (1) is fitted with a sliding ring (105). Three tie rods (106) are rotatably connected around the outer circumference of the sliding ring (105). The tail ends of the three tie rods (106) are rotatably connected to the top ends of three vertical push plates (2). At least two tension springs are connected between the installation ring (101) and the sliding ring (105). The tension springs can rebound and pull to drive the sliding ring (105) to slide upward and reset. A hexagonal sliding shaft (301) is installed at the bottom center of the camera (3) by screws. The hexagonal sliding shaft (301) slides through the upper half of the anchor rod (1). An L-shaped tie rod (302) is connected to the bottom section of the hexagonal sliding shaft (301). A vertically arranged long groove is opened through the outer circumference of the upper half of the anchor rod (1). The horizontal part of the L-shaped tie rod (302) slides through the long groove. The bottom section of the L-shaped tie rod (302) is connected and fixed to the slip ring (105). A threaded knob (103) is screwed onto the middle threaded section of the anchor rod (1). The threaded knob (103) is located on the bottom side of the slip ring (105), and the slip ring (105) is located on the bottom side of the limiting ring (102).

2. The contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the protective cylinder (4) is provided with a sealing plate, and a photoelectric proximity switch (5) is threadedly installed at the center of the sealing plate; the top of the anchor rod (1) is connected to a horizontally arranged top support plate (107), and the hexagonal sliding shaft (301) is connected to the top support plate (107) through fit.

3. The contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower half of the anchor rod (1) has a hollow structure containing a battery. The battery is electrically connected to the camera (3) and the photoelectric proximity switch (5). The bottom of the anchor rod (1) is threaded with a plug (104).

4. The contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective cylinder (4) has a circular structure. Two vertical support shafts are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder (4). The bottom ends of the two vertical support shafts are connected and fixed to the top support plate (107).

5. The contact deformation monitoring device for unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a communication module connected to the camera (3) and photoelectric proximity switch (5), the communication module is connected to the remote control module, and the remote control module is connected to the display module and the alarm module.

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