Pipeline leak detection components, methods, and systems

Abstract

The application discloses a pipeline leakage detection component, method and system, the pipeline leakage detection component, including acceleration sensor and base, the acceleration sensor is detachable with the base, the base has first contact surface, the first contact surface is circular arc surface, and the first contact surface is used for abutting and fixing with the measured pipeline. The pipeline leakage detection component of the application sets the base between the acceleration sensor and the measured pipeline, optimizes the signal strength collected by the acceleration sensor on the measured pipeline, guarantees the accuracy of signal detection in the pipeline leakage detection process, and improves the accuracy and reliability of pipeline leakage detection analysis and evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline safe operation technology, specifically relating to a pipeline leakage detection component, method, and system. Background Technology

[0002] Pipeline transportation, as a crucial mode of transport, boasts advantages such as large transport capacity, long distances, sustainable operation, immunity to geographical and climatic conditions, and low cost, making it dominant in various industries including oil and gas transportation, water supply, and heating. However, due to factors such as long laying years leading to pipeline damage, aging, cracking, corrosion, changes in geological conditions, and damage from third-party construction, pipeline leaks occur frequently. Pipeline leaks not only result in the loss of media quality and energy but also cause personal injury and environmental pollution.

[0003] Pipelines are characterized by numerous components such as connectors, welds, compensators, and valve assemblies, as well as significant fluctuations in the medium. Furthermore, the burial depth and soil properties of directly buried pipelines vary greatly across different regions. Among related technologies, acceleration vibration sensors offer advantages such as small size, light weight, high sensitivity, and good frequency response characteristics, making them widely used in on-site vibration measurement of rotating equipment and pipeline structures. However, because the amplitude of the acoustic signal decays exponentially with increasing measurement distance, related technologies lack methods to enhance the vibration acquisition signal from pipeline leaks, affecting the accuracy and reliability of pipeline leak detection, analysis, and assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] To address this, embodiments of the present invention propose a pipeline leak detection component. By setting a base between the accelerometer and the pipeline under test, the signal strength acquired by the accelerometer is optimized, ensuring the accuracy of signal acquisition during pipeline leak detection and improving the accuracy and reliability of pipeline leak detection analysis and evaluation.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for evaluating the signal strength of pipeline leakage acquisition.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for detecting pipeline leaks.

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention also propose a pipeline leak detection system.

[0009] A pipeline leak detection component according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Accelerometer; The base is detachably connected to the accelerometer sensor. The base has a first contact surface, which is an arc surface. The first contact surface is used to fit and abut against the pipe being tested and to fix it in place.

[0010] The pipeline leak detection component of this invention optimizes the signal strength acquired by the accelerometer from the pipeline under test by setting a base between the accelerometer and the pipeline under test, ensuring the accuracy of signal acquisition during pipeline leak detection and improving the accuracy and reliability of pipeline leak detection analysis and evaluation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first contact surface of the base is greater than a first threshold value, so that the signal strength of the signal collected by the acceleration sensor reaches a preset strength value when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value; or The base includes multiple bases, the areas of the first contact surfaces of the multiple bases increasing sequentially, and one of the multiple bases is connected to the accelerometer to ensure that the signal strength of the accelerometer signal reaches a preset strength value when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value; or The base includes a first base and a plurality of second bases. The first base is connected to the accelerometer, and at least a portion of the second bases are fixedly connected to the first base, such that the sum of the contact areas between the first base and the second bases and the pipe under test satisfies the condition that when the pipe leakage reaches a preset leakage value, the signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer reaches a preset strength value.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the first contact surface is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe being measured. Equal, the length of the first contact surface in its axial direction is m The arc height of the cross-sectional arc of the first contact surface is h ,and m and h Satisfy the following formula: ; ; ; In the formula, The signal strength required for the accelerometer to acquire the signal when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value; K The coefficients are linear. S The area of ​​the first contact surface; L Let be the arc length of the cross-sectional circle of the first contact surface; d The outer diameter of the pipe being measured.

[0013] In some embodiments, the acceleration sensor includes: A base is attached to and fixedly connected to the base plate. A screw is connected to the base plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the other end of which is provided with a fastener. A mass block is slidably disposed on the screw, the mass block is located between the fastener and the base, and an elastic element is provided between the mass block and the fastener; A piezoelectric element is disposed between the mass block and the base, and the elastic element, the mass block and the piezoelectric element are sequentially pressed against the fastener and the base; A signal connector is provided, which is connected to the piezoelectric element.

[0014] In some embodiments, a housing is further included, the housing being connected to the base, an inner cavity being formed between the housing and the base, and the elastic element, the mass block, and the piezoelectric element being disposed within the inner cavity; and / or The base and the base are fixedly connected by a connector, or the base and the base are connected by magnetic attraction; and / or The base is bonded and fixed to the pipe being tested.

[0015] The pipeline leakage acquisition signal strength evaluation method of this invention is used for evaluating the acquisition signal strength in the pipeline leakage detection component described in any of the above embodiments, and specifically includes the following steps: Based on the operating environment, when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value, the area of ​​the first contact surface in the pipeline leakage detection component is determined to be... The signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer at that time And the signal strength As a reference signal strength; Adjust the area of ​​the first contact surface in the pipeline leak detection component to And obtain the signal strength of the accelerometer signal collected by the corresponding area. ; Based on formula , and Constructing a signal enhancement index Index The model, in which, K The coefficients are linear. During the actual pipeline measurement process, the required signal strength of the acceleration sensor's acquisition signal is determined when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value. Q Based on the signal enhancement index Index The model determines the area of ​​the first contact surface of the base in the pipeline leak detection component. S ; Based on the area of ​​the first contact surface of the base S The structural dimensions of the base are selected and combined with the acceleration sensor to form the pipeline leak detection component.

[0016] According to the pipeline leak detection method of the present invention, pipeline leak detection is performed by utilizing a pipeline leak detection component as described in any of the above embodiments or by determining the pipeline leak acquisition signal strength evaluation method as described in the above embodiments, including the following steps: Multiple pipeline leak detection components are arranged on the pipeline; Acquire acoustic signals generated on the outer wall of the pipe; The acoustic signal is converted and conditioned to obtain vibration wave characteristics; Phase spectrum analysis of the vibration wave characteristics is performed to determine whether a leak has occurred in the pipeline between two adjacent pipeline leak detection components; If so, determine the location of the leak.

[0017] In some embodiments, determining the leak location includes the following steps: Extract the corresponding leakage frequency band; The time delay signal difference is obtained based on the cross-correlation algorithm; Based on formula To obtain the propagation speed of the leakage sound in the pipeline. c ,in, This represents the speed of sound of the fluid inside the pipe in a free field. B The bulk modulus of the fluid; E The Young's modulus of the pipe wall; r and δ These are the inner diameter and wall thickness of the pipe, respectively. Based on formula = (L-cΔt) / 2 Determine the distance of the leak location point relative to one of the two pipeline leak detection components. ,in, L This represents the pipe distance between the two pipe leak detection components; Δt is the time delay signal difference between the two pipe leak detection components.

[0018] In some embodiments, the following steps are also included: Based on different time periods, vibration wave characteristic data of each section in the pipeline are obtained; Compare the multiple vibration wave characteristics of the same section in the pipeline at different time periods, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than a first threshold. If so, then the corresponding section of the pipeline is leaking or poses a structural risk; Compare the vibration wave characteristics of different sections in the pipeline at the same time period, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than a second threshold. If so, then there is a leak or structural risk in the corresponding sections of the pipeline.

[0019] The pipeline leak detection system of this invention includes: The detection module is used to acquire detection signals. The detection module includes a pipeline leak detection component as described in any of the above embodiments or a pipeline leak acquisition signal intensity evaluation method as described in the above embodiments to determine the pipeline leak detection component. The processing module is used to process the detection signal to obtain a feature signal; A positioning module, which is used to locate the leak location point based on the feature signal; A power supply module is provided to supply power to the detection module, processing module, and positioning module. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the pipeline leak detection component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pipeline leak detection component from one perspective of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe leak detection component structure from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the base and the pipe in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the pipeline leakage detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 1. Accelerometer; 11. Housing; 12. Mass block; 13. Base; 14. Signal connector; 15. Elastic element; 16. Piezoelectric element; 17. Metal sheet; 18. Screw; 2. Base; 21. First contact surface; 3. Pipes. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the pipeline leak detection component according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an accelerometer 1 and a base 2. The accelerometer 1 and the base 2 are detachably connected. The base 2 has a first contact surface 21, which is an arc surface. The first contact surface 21 is used to fit and fix the accelerometer to the pipeline under test. It should be understood that the detachable connection between the base 2 and the accelerometer 1 improves the fit between the accelerometer 1 and the pipeline under test, thereby improving the effective acquisition of vibration and acoustic wave signals from the outer wall of the pipeline 3 by the accelerometer 1. Furthermore, the base 2 can be replaced according to the required intensity of the vibration and acoustic wave signals acquired by the accelerometer 1, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of signal acquisition during pipeline leak detection.

[0028] The pipeline leak detection component of this invention optimizes the signal strength acquired by the accelerometer 1 to the pipeline under test by setting a base 2 between the accelerometer 1 and the pipeline under test, thereby ensuring the accuracy of signal acquisition during pipeline leak detection and improving the accuracy and reliability of pipeline leak detection analysis and evaluation.

[0029] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 of the base 2 is greater than the first threshold value, so that the signal strength of the signal collected by the acceleration sensor 1 reaches the preset strength value when the pipeline leakage reaches the preset leakage value.

[0030] In other words, based on the basic environmental information such as the geographical characteristics of the pipeline, the pipe diameter, and the medium pressure, and based on the working principle of the piezoelectric accelerometer, the intensity of the vibration signal is linearly related to the contact area. Therefore, the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 of the base 2 is determined so that the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 is greater than the first threshold, ensuring that the accelerometer 1 can effectively acquire the acquired signal after being connected to the outer wall of the pipeline through the base 2, and optimizing the intensity of the acquired signal.

[0031] Alternatively, the base 2 may include multiple bases, with the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 of the multiple bases 2 increasing sequentially. One of the multiple bases 2 may be connected to the accelerometer 1 so that the signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer 1 reaches a preset strength value when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value.

[0032] By arranging multiple bases 2 in a matching manner, the areas of the first contact surfaces 21 of the multiple bases 2 are different. For example, the areas of the first contact surfaces 21 of the multiple bases 2 are... S, S+ΔS, S+2ΔS, S+3ΔS, S+4ΔS This allows for the selection of the appropriate base 2 based on different signal strength requirements.

[0033] Alternatively, the base 2 includes a first base and multiple second bases. The first base is connected to the accelerometer 1, and at least some of the second bases are fixedly connected to the first base, so that the sum of the contact areas between the first base and the second base and the pipe under test satisfies the requirement that the signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer 1 reaches a preset strength value when the pipe leakage reaches a preset leakage value.

[0034] It should be understood that by connecting one or more second bases to the first base, a combined base 2 is formed, thereby increasing the sum of the areas of the combined base 2 and the pipe being tested. For example, the contact area between the first base and the pipe being tested is... S The contact area between the second base and the pipe being tested is ΔS Based on the different signal strength requirements, the number of second bases is determined, and then the second bases and the first bases are fixedly connected together using screws, bolts and other connectors, ensuring that both the first base and the second base are effectively fitted to the pipe being tested.

[0035] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the first contact surface 21 is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe being measured. Equal, the length of the first contact surface 21 in its axial direction is m The arc height of the cross-sectional arc of the first contact surface 21 is h ,and m and h Satisfy the following formula: ; ; ; In the formula, The signal strength required for acceleration sensor 1 to acquire a signal when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value; K The coefficients are linear. S The area of ​​the first contact surface 21; L The arc length of the cross-sectional arc of the first contact surface 21; d The outer diameter of the pipe being measured.

[0036] As can be seen from the working principle of the piezoelectric accelerometer 1, the intensity of the acquired vibration signal is linearly related to the contact area, based on the formula... linear coefficients K It can be measured through multiple experiments.

[0037] like Figures 1-4As shown, in some embodiments, the accelerometer 1 includes a base 13, a mass block 12, a piezoelectric element 16, and a signal connector 14. The base 13 is attached to and fixedly connected to the base 2. A screw 18 is connected to the base 13, with one end of the screw 18 fixedly connected to the base 13 and the other end of the screw 18 provided with a fastener. The mass block 12 is slidably disposed on the screw 18 and is located between the fastener and the base 13. An elastic element 15 is provided between the mass block 12 and the fastener. The piezoelectric element 16 is disposed between the mass block 12 and the base 13. The elastic element 15, the mass block 12, and the piezoelectric element 16 are sequentially pressed against and clamped between the fastener and the base 13. The signal connector 14 is connected to the piezoelectric element 16.

[0038] It should be noted that a thin metal sheet 17 is sandwiched between two silver-plated piezoelectric wafers (quartz crystals or piezoelectric ceramics), and a lead wire for the output signal is extended to the signal connector 14, thus forming a piezoelectric element 16. A mass block 12 is placed on the piezoelectric element 16, and a pre-compression load is applied to the piezoelectric element 16 by an elastic element 15 (a rigid spring). The magnitude of the static preload should be much greater than the maximum dynamic stress that the sensor may withstand during vibration and shock tests. When the accelerometer 1 moves upward, the inertial force generated by the mass block 12 increases the compressive stress on the piezoelectric element 16; conversely, when the accelerometer 1 moves downward, the compressive stress on the piezoelectric element 16 decreases, thereby outputting an electrical signal proportional to the acceleration.

[0039] Furthermore, the pipeline leak detection component also includes a housing 11, which is connected to a base 13, forming an inner cavity between the housing 11 and the base 13. An elastic element 15, a mass block 12, and a piezoelectric element 16 are housed within this inner cavity. By installing the housing 11 on the base 13, external strain can be isolated from the piezoelectric element 16. During testing, the base 13 of the accelerometer 1 is rigidly connected to the pipeline under test via a base 2. When the vibration frequency of the pipeline under test is much lower than the resonant frequency of the accelerometer 1, the output charge (or voltage) of the accelerometer 1 is proportional to the acceleration of the pipeline under test, and the acceleration is measured by a charge amplifier or voltage amplifier.

[0040] In some embodiments, the base 13 and the base 2 are fixedly connected by a connector. For example, the base 13 and the base 2 are fixed by bolts after they are attached together, or the base 13 and the base 2 are connected by magnetic attraction. Magnetic elements are provided on the base 13 and the base 2 so that they can be stably attracted together after they are attached, which facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0041] In some embodiments, the base 2 is bonded and fixed to the pipe under test. A high-temperature resistant adhesive can be used between the base 2 and the pipe under test, which allows the base 2 to be firmly attached to the pipe, is less affected by the test environment, and can effectively prevent the base 2 from slipping off.

[0042] Depending on the different radii of the pipe surface, the bottom surface of the base 2 is machined into an arc surface (i.e., the first contact surface 21) to facilitate the adaptation of the bottom surface of the base 2 to the pipe being measured, ensuring a tight fit and guaranteeing that the accelerometer 1 can fully acquire vibration and acoustic signals without being affected by the installation fixture or external interference environment.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the installation conditions of the leaking pipeline under test, the accelerometer 1 can be tightly fitted to the pipe wall, meeting the installation requirements between the pipeline under test and the accelerometer 1. This not only does not affect the signal acquisition of the accelerometer 1, but also allows for easy replacement of base devices 2 with different structures to meet the signal strength requirements. This embodiment of the invention features a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient installation and use; it can be selected according to the pipeline under test, making it easy to operate.

[0044] The pipeline leakage acquisition signal strength evaluation method of this invention is used for evaluating the acquisition signal strength in the pipeline leakage detection component in any of the above embodiments, and specifically includes the following steps: S101. Based on the operating environment, when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value, the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 in the pipeline leakage detection component is determined to be... Signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer 1 And signal strength This serves as a reference signal strength. In other words, a reference signal strength is selected, and the area of ​​the corresponding first contact surface 21 is determined, so as to further compare, analyze, and evaluate the signal strength of the signals acquired by the accelerometer 1.

[0045] S102, Adjust the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 in the pipeline leak detection component to... And obtain the signal strength of the corresponding area collected by the accelerometer 1. It should be understood that by increasing or decreasing the area of ​​the first contact surface 21, and obtaining... , ...and obtain the signal strength of the accelerometer 1 signal within the corresponding area. , ...

[0046] S103, Based on Formula , and Constructing a signal enhancement index Index The model, in which, K The linear coefficients represent the signal enhancement index. IndexThe model can reflect the current working environment, evaluate the signal strength of the pipeline leak detection component under the corresponding area of ​​the first contact surface 21, and adjust the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 of the base 2 in the pipeline leak detection component in actual application according to the required signal strength.

[0047] Signal enhancement index Index The model can be a reference table of values ​​for at least some of the parameters, such as signal strength, area of ​​the first contact surface 21, operating conditions, and leakage value.

[0048] S104. Determine the signal strength required for the acceleration sensor 1 to acquire the signal when the pipeline leakage reaches the preset leakage value during the actual pipeline measurement process. Q Based on signal enhancement index Index The model was used to determine the area of ​​the first contact surface 21 of the base 2 in the pipeline leak detection component. S .

[0049] S105, Area of ​​the first contact surface 21 based on base 2 S The structural dimensions of the base 2 are selected and it is combined with the acceleration sensor 1 to form a pipeline leak detection component.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, the pipeline leak detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which uses a pipeline leak detection component determined according to any of the above embodiments or the pipeline leak acquisition signal strength evaluation method determined according to the above embodiments, includes the following steps: S201. Install multiple pipeline leak detection components on the pipeline. Along the pipeline's extension direction, arrange multiple pipeline leak detection components at intervals. The spacing between adjacent pipeline leak detection components should take into account signal attenuation to ensure the signal strength of the pipeline leak detection components.

[0051] S202. Acquire the acoustic signal generated on the outer wall of the pipeline. Use the acceleration sensor 1 in the pipeline leak detection component to acquire the acoustic signal generated due to pipeline leakage.

[0052] S203. The acoustic signal is converted and conditioned to obtain vibration wave characteristics. After the accelerometer 1 amplifies and collects the acoustic signal generated on the outer wall of the pipe, it is converted into a voltage signal and conditioned. The signal conditioning includes steps such as noise removal, filtering, and spectrum analysis to obtain more accurate vibration wave characteristics.

[0053] S204. Perform phase spectrum analysis on the vibration wave characteristics to determine whether a leak has occurred in the pipeline between two adjacent pipeline leak detection components. By analyzing the vibration wave characteristics, it is possible to determine whether an abnormal leakage frequency band has appeared, thereby confirming whether a leak has occurred.

[0054] S205. If so, determine the location of the leak. Once a leak is confirmed, the location of the leak in the corresponding section needs to be identified to ensure accurate location and improve the efficiency of subsequent maintenance.

[0055] In some embodiments, determining the location of the leak includes the following steps: S301. Extract the corresponding leakage frequency band.

[0056] S302. Obtain the time delay signal difference based on the cross-correlation algorithm. Typically, leakage is determined by the vibration wave characteristics received by two adjacent pipeline leak detection components. Once the leak location is determined, it can be determined that the leak location is located in the corresponding section between the two pipeline leak detection components.

[0057] S303, Based on Formula To obtain the propagation speed of the leakage sound in the pipeline. c ,in, This represents the speed of sound of the fluid inside the pipe in a free field. B The bulk modulus of the fluid; E The Young's modulus of the pipe wall; r and δ These are the inner diameter and wall thickness of the pipe, respectively.

[0058] S304, Based on Formula = (L-cΔt) / 2 Determine the distance of the leak location relative to one of the two pipeline leak detection components. ,in, L This represents the pipe distance between the two pipe leak detection components; Δt is the time delay signal difference between the two pipe leak detection components.

[0059] The above methods enable more accurate location determination of leaks, facilitating targeted excavation and repair, and improving maintenance efficiency. This invention, through optimization and improvement of the pipeline leak detection component, reduces the impact of the attenuation of the leak sound signal during propagation on signal acquisition, effectively enhancing the strength of the acquired sound signal; it also effectively ensures a tight fit between the accelerometer 1 and the pipeline, preventing slippage and reducing the installation inconvenience caused by using the clamp-type base 2.

[0060] By installing an acceleration sensor 1 on the working pipeline, the pipeline operation status can be monitored in real time, especially for detecting obvious abnormalities in pipeline operation. Combined with conventional signals such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate, the system can be analyzed and corrected. The equipment can monitor in real time, has a high degree of automation, is easy to install, and reduces the difficulty of frequent equipment loading and unloading and pipeline operation fault diagnosis.

[0061] In some embodiments, the pipeline leak detection method further includes the following steps: S401. Based on different time periods, obtain vibration wave characteristic data of each section in the pipeline.

[0062] S402. Compare the characteristics of multiple vibration waves in the same section of the pipeline at different time periods, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than the first threshold.

[0063] S403. If so, then a leak or structural risk exists in the corresponding section of the pipeline. It should be understood that when the vibration wave characteristics of the same section of the pipeline change significantly over different time periods, an abnormal situation exists. The health status of the pipeline can be predicted in advance to avoid energy waste after a pipeline leak.

[0064] S404. Compare the characteristics of multiple vibration waves in different sections of the pipeline during the same time period, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than the second threshold.

[0065] S405. If so, then leaks or structural risks have occurred in multiple corresponding sections of the pipeline. When multiple vibration wave characteristics of different sections are abnormal within the same time period, the health status of the pipeline can be predicted in advance, avoiding energy waste after a pipeline leak. By evaluating the performance of the pipeline from multiple dimensions, the normal and stable operation of the pipeline can be ensured, and the safety of pipeline operation can be improved.

[0066] It should be understood that by comparing vibration wave data at different locations or at different times, the structural health of an object can be assessed or potential faults can be detected. The leakage detection results are stored in the data storage module to facilitate the construction of a data model and improve the subsequent optimization of the device and method.

[0067] like Figure 5As shown, the pipeline leak detection system of this invention includes a detection module, a processing module, a positioning module, and a power supply module. The detection module is used to acquire detection signals and includes a pipeline leak detection component as described in any of the above embodiments or a pipeline leak acquisition signal intensity evaluation method as described in the above embodiments to determine the pipeline leak detection component. The processing module is used to process the detection signals to acquire feature signals. The positioning module is used to locate the leak location based on the feature signals. The power supply module is used to supply power to the detection module, the processing module, and the positioning module.

[0068] The processing module of this invention includes at least human-computer interaction, data storage, control system, signal acquisition, and signal conditioning.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0070] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0071] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0073] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipeline leak detection component, characterized in that, include: Accelerometer; The base is detachably connected to the accelerometer sensor. The base has a first contact surface, which is an arc surface. The first contact surface is used to fit and fix the pipe under test. The area of ​​the first contact surface of the base is greater than the first threshold, so that when the pipeline leakage reaches the preset leakage value, the signal strength of the signal collected by the acceleration sensor reaches the preset strength value. The inner diameter of the first contact surface and the outer diameter of the pipe being measured Equal, the length of the first contact surface in its axial direction is m The arc height of the cross-sectional arc of the first contact surface is h ,and m and h Satisfy the following formula: ； ； ； In the formula, The signal strength required for the accelerometer to acquire the signal when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value; K The coefficients are linear. S The area of ​​the first contact surface; L Let be the arc length of the cross-sectional circle of the first contact surface; d The outer diameter of the pipe being measured.

2. The pipeline leak detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acceleration sensor includes: A base is attached to and fixedly connected to the base plate. A screw is connected to the base plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the other end of which is provided with a fastener. A mass block is slidably disposed on the screw, the mass block is located between the fastener and the base, and an elastic element is provided between the mass block and the fastener; A piezoelectric element is disposed between the mass block and the base, and the elastic element, the mass block and the piezoelectric element are sequentially pressed against the fastener and the base; A signal connector is provided, which is connected to the piezoelectric element.

3. The pipeline leak detection component according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a housing, which is connected to the base, and an inner cavity is formed between the housing and the base, wherein the elastic element, the mass block and the piezoelectric element are disposed in the inner cavity; and / or The base and the base are fixedly connected by a connector, or the base and the base are connected by magnetic attraction; and / or The base is bonded and fixed to the pipe being tested.

4. A method for evaluating the signal strength of pipeline leakage acquisition, characterized in that, The method for evaluating the signal strength acquired in the pipeline leak detection component according to any one of claims 1-3 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the operating environment, when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value, the area of ​​the first contact surface in the pipeline leakage detection component is determined to be... The signal strength of the signal collected by the accelerometer at that time And the signal strength As a reference signal strength; Adjust the area of ​​the first contact surface in the pipeline leak detection component to And obtain the signal strength of the accelerometer signal collected by the corresponding area. ; Based on formula , and Constructing a signal enhancement index Index The model, in which, K The coefficients are linear. During the actual pipeline measurement process, the required signal strength of the acceleration sensor's acquisition signal is determined when the pipeline leakage reaches a preset leakage value. Q Based on the signal enhancement index Index The model determines the area of ​​the first contact surface of the base in the pipeline leak detection component. S ; Based on the area of ​​the first contact surface of the base S The structural dimensions of the base are selected and combined with the acceleration sensor to form the pipeline leak detection component.

5. A method for detecting pipeline leaks, characterized in that, The method for determining pipeline leak detection using the pipeline leak detection component according to any one of claims 1-3 or the pipeline leak acquisition signal strength evaluation method according to claim 4 includes the following steps: Multiple pipeline leak detection components are arranged on the pipeline; Acquire acoustic signals generated on the outer wall of the pipe; The acoustic signal is converted and conditioned to obtain vibration wave characteristics; Phase spectrum analysis of the vibration wave characteristics is performed to determine whether a leak has occurred in the pipeline between two adjacent pipeline leak detection components; If so, determine the location of the leak.

6. The pipeline leakage detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the location of the leak includes the following steps: Extract the corresponding leakage frequency band; The time delay signal difference is obtained based on the cross-correlation algorithm; Based on formula To obtain the propagation speed of the leakage sound in the pipeline. c ,in, This represents the speed of sound of the fluid inside the pipe in a free field. B The bulk modulus of the fluid; E The Young's modulus of the pipe wall; r and δ These are the inner diameter and wall thickness of the pipe, respectively. Based on formula = (L-cΔt) / 2 Determine the distance of the leak location point relative to one of the two pipeline leak detection components. ,in, L This represents the pipe distance between the two pipe leak detection components; Δt is the time delay signal difference between the two pipe leak detection components.

7. The pipeline leakage detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Based on different time periods, vibration wave characteristic data of each section in the pipeline are obtained; Compare the vibration wave characteristics of the same section in the pipeline at different time periods, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than a first threshold. If so, then the corresponding section of the pipeline is leaking or poses a structural risk; Compare the vibration wave characteristics of different sections in the pipeline at the same time period, and determine whether the change between the multiple vibration wave characteristics is greater than a second threshold. If so, then there is a leak or structural risk in the corresponding sections of the pipeline.

8. A pipeline leak detection system, characterized in that, include: The detection module is used to acquire detection signals. The detection module includes a pipeline leak detection component as described in any one of claims 1-3 or the pipeline leak acquisition signal intensity evaluation method as described in claim 4 to determine the pipeline leak detection component. The processing module is used to process the detection signal to obtain a feature signal; A positioning module, which is used to locate the leak location point based on the feature signal; A power supply module is provided to supply power to the detection module, processing module, and positioning module.

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