A gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge

Abstract

The application discloses a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge, which comprises a connecting mechanism, an insulating ceramic sleeve, a sliding arc anode, a sliding arc cathode, a rotating upper disc, a current coil ring and a fixed lower disc, the inner wall of the sliding arc anode is connected with the insulating ceramic sleeve, the center of the insulating ceramic sleeve is provided with the sliding arc cathode, the sliding arc cathode is installed at the bottom of the connecting mechanism, the fixed lower disc is arranged on the sliding arc cathode, and the rotating upper disc is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed lower disc; and the current coil ring is arranged in the annular cavity between the outer periphery of the sliding arc cathode and the insulating ceramic sleeve. The upper disc and the lower disc assembly are added in the sliding arc cathode, so that the gas backflow caused by the excessive pressure in the combustion chamber after ignition is effectively avoided; the sliding arc plasma ignition technology is adopted, the activation energy of the gas fuel particles is increased, and the ignition is more uniform and rapid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine technology, and more specifically to a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge. Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas has a high ignition point, good anti-knock properties, clean combustion, and abundant reserves, making it an ideal alternative fuel to petroleum. However, using natural gas as engine fuel can also lead to reduced engine power and decreased ignition reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to research efficient ignition equipment or methods for natural gas engines, especially large-bore natural gas engines, to improve their combustion performance.

[0003] The existing Chinese invention patent application CN202210222927.4, entitled "An Ignition Device for the Pre-combustion Chamber of a Natural Gas Engine," supplies natural gas from a gas storage tank separately to the pre-combustion chamber. A side-mounted spark plug is used to reduce the amount of unburned or incompletely burned mixture about to be propelled into the engine, improving fuel efficiency. However, this design requires complex combustion control, and its complexity makes maintenance difficult. The existing Chinese invention patent application CN202110239989.1, entitled "An Electric Spark Ignition Device and Ignition Method for Gaseous Fuels," has several drawbacks: first, the igniter has too many components, making manufacturing difficult; second, using electric spark ignition requires controlling the flow rate of the gaseous fuel to prevent the spark from being blown out, thus resulting in poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gaseous fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge, which utilizes the high reactivity of plasma to quickly and uniformly ignite gaseous fuel in an engine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is as follows: a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge, comprising a connecting mechanism, an insulating ceramic sleeve, a sliding arc anode, a sliding arc cathode, a rotating upper plate, an energized coil ring, and a fixed lower plate. The inner wall of the sliding arc anode is fitted and connected to the insulating ceramic sleeve. The sliding arc cathode is provided at the center of the insulating ceramic sleeve. The sliding arc cathode is installed at the bottom of the connecting mechanism. The fixed lower plate is provided on the sliding arc cathode, and the rotating upper plate is provided on the fixed lower plate. An energized coil ring is provided in the annular cavity between the outer periphery of the sliding arc cathode and the insulating ceramic sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting mechanism includes a platform segment, a transition segment, and a cylindrical segment connected in sequence. The platform segment overlaps the sliding arc anode and has radial straight holes on both sides of the bottom of the platform segment. The limiting structure formed between the platform segment, the transition segment, and the sliding arc anode is used to fix the insulating ceramic sleeve. A transition ring is provided on the outer periphery of the connection between the cylindrical segment and the sliding arc cathode.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting mechanism is provided with an end cap, with some connecting bolts passing through the end cap and the platform section and extending into the sliding arc anode, and other connecting bolts passing through the end cap and extending into the platform section.

[0008] Furthermore, the insulating ceramic sleeve is engaged in the limiting groove of the sliding arc anode, and the inner wall of the insulating ceramic sleeve extending inward contacts the sliding arc cathode, which is placed at the trapezoidal nozzle of the sliding arc anode.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating upper plate has symmetrical through holes in its axial direction, and magnetic strips with opposite magnetic properties are embedded on both radial sides of the rotating upper plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed lower plate has symmetrical straight holes axially, which penetrate the upper top surface and lower bottom surface of the fixed lower plate and gradually increase in diameter from top to bottom; the fixed lower plate has symmetrical oblique holes radially, which penetrate the upper top surface and side wall of the fixed lower plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the sliding arc cathode is provided with a downwardly inclined first flow hole, a second flow hole, and a vertically downward spray hole. The spray hole is connected to the straight hole of the fixed lower plate, and the first flow hole and the second flow hole are connected to the inclined hole of the fixed lower plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the energized coil ring is provided with three sets of coils. When the first set of coils is energized, the through hole of the rotating upper plate is connected to the straight hole of the fixed lower plate; when the second set of coils is energized, the through hole in the rotating upper plate is connected to the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate; when the third set of coils is energized, the through hole of the rotating upper plate is located on the upper wall surface of the fixed lower plate.

[0013] As a further step, after the gaseous fuel is introduced, it passes through the straight hole of the fixed lower plate and is injected into the combustion chamber through the nozzle of the sliding arc cathode. After the fuel and air are mixed in the combustion chamber, the rotating upper plate is rotated by magnetic force, so that its through hole is connected to the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate. Then a small amount of gas is injected again. The gas passes through the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate and is ejected from the first flow hole and the second flow hole of the sliding arc cathode. After contacting the wall and generating a swirling flow, it finally enters the sliding arc region. Then the high-voltage electrode is energized and a sliding arc is generated between it and the low-voltage electrode, igniting the mixture in the combustion chamber.

[0014] As a further step, after the ignition process is completed, the rotating upper plate rotates under the action of magnetic force, so that the through hole of the rotating upper plate is not connected to the straight hole and the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate, to prevent the gas pressure in the combustion chamber from being too high and causing backflow.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0016] 1. An upper and lower plate assembly was added to the sliding arc cathode (nozzle), which effectively prevented gas backflow caused by excessive pressure in the combustion chamber after ignition;

[0017] 2. The use of a coil ring allows for the control of the linkage between the upper and lower plates while ensuring the compactness of the space inside the igniter.

[0018] 3. By employing the sliding arc plasma ignition technology, the activation energy of the gaseous fuel particles is increased, resulting in more uniform and rapid ignition. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting mechanism;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly position of the adapter ring;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating upper plate;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the rotating upper plate and the energized coil ring;

[0025] Figure 7 To fix the main view and side view of the lower plate;

[0026] Figure 8 To fix the three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the lower plate;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the sliding arc cathode;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake in step S1 of the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the rotation direction of the upper plate in step S2 of the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake in step S3 of the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding arc plasma generation in step S4 of the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of step S5 of the embodiment, rotating the upper plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The principles of this disclosure will now be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that these embodiments are described only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement this disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure in any way.

[0034] The term “comprising” and its variations as used herein signify open inclusion, i.e., “including but not limited to”. Unless otherwise stated, the term “or” means “and / or”. The term “based on” means “at least partially based on”. The terms “an example embodiment” and “an embodiment” mean “at least one example embodiment”. The terms “first,” “second,” etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge, including a connecting mechanism 1, an insulating ceramic sleeve 2, a sliding arc anode 3, a sliding arc cathode 4, an end cap 5, a rotating upper plate 6, an energized coil ring 7, and a fixed lower plate 8. The insulating ceramic sleeve 2 has two functions: first, to separate the sliding arc anode 3 and the sliding arc cathode 4; and second, to isolate the connecting mechanism 1 from the influence of the high temperature generated in the combustion chamber below, preventing its high-temperature deformation. The sliding arc anode 3 is connected to a high-voltage electrode, and the sliding arc cathode 4 is connected to a grounding electrode.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting mechanism 1 is made of insulating material and includes a platform section, a transition section and a cylindrical section connected in sequence. Radial straight holes are drilled on both sides of the contact surface between the platform section and the insulating ceramic sleeve 2, so that the wires of the sliding arc anode, the sliding arc cathode and the energized coil ring can all enter through the radial straight holes.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, a transition ring 1.1 is provided at the connection between the cylindrical section and the sliding arc cathode 4. The transition ring is fixed to the two components by bolts to achieve the connection between the components.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, some connecting bolts pass through the end cap and platform section and extend into the sliding arc anode, while other connecting bolts pass through the end cap and extend directly into the platform section. At the same time, the limiting structure formed between the platform section, the transition section and the sliding arc anode can be used to fix the insulating ceramic sleeve.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the rotating upper plate 6 has a disc-shaped structure; it has a symmetrical first through hole 61 and a second through hole 62 in its axial direction; and a first magnetic strip 63 and a second magnetic strip 64 with opposite magnetic properties are embedded on both radial sides.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the energized coil ring 7 is a circular ring with three sets (two coils per set) of coils fitted on it. The wires of the energized coil ring 7 pass through the radial straight holes of the connecting mechanism 1 and connect to the external control system. The coils in the figure are labeled with letters: A and a represent the first set, B and b represent the second set, and C and c represent the third set. During operation, as the three sets of coils are energized sequentially, the rotating upper plate 6 rotates to three different working positions under the influence of magnetic force. When the first set of coils is energized, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 of the rotating upper plate are connected to the first straight hole 81 and the second straight hole 82 of the fixed lower plate. When the second set of coils is energized, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 of the rotating upper plate are connected to the first inclined hole 83 and the second inclined hole 84 of the fixed lower plate. When the third set of coils is energized, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 of the rotating upper plate are located on the upper wall of the fixed lower plate.

[0041] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the fixed lower plate 8 is a cylinder with the same size as the bottom surface of the rotating upper plate 6, and symmetrical first straight holes 81 and second straight holes 82 are opened in the axial direction of the cylinder, and symmetrical first oblique holes 83 and second oblique holes 84 are opened in the radial direction. The first straight holes 81 and second straight holes 82 penetrate the top surface and bottom surface of the fixed lower plate, and the diameter of the holes gradually expands from top to bottom. The first straight holes 81 and second straight holes 82 are connected to the nozzle 43 of the sliding arc cathode 4. The nozzle 43 leads to the combustion chamber. The gas flowing in passes through the first oblique holes 83 and second oblique holes 84 to the first flow hole 41 and second flow hole 42 on the sliding arc cathode 4. The first flow hole 41 and second flow hole 42 lead to the sliding arc region.

[0042] It should be noted that the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 on the rotating upper plate 6 have the same diameter as the first straight hole 81, the second straight hole 82, the first oblique hole 83, and the second oblique hole 84 on the fixed lower plate 8. During operation, as the upper plate rotates, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 will respectively align with the first straight hole 81 and the second straight hole 82 or the first oblique hole 83 and the second oblique hole 84. When air injection is not required, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 will align with the wall of the fixed lower plate, thereby isolating the intake passage from the combustion chamber.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, the sliding arc cathode has a first flow hole 41 and a second flow hole 42 that are inclined downwards on both sides. These two flow holes are connected to the first inclined hole 83 and the second inclined hole 84 of the fixed lower plate 8, so that the gas passing through this channel is finally sprayed onto the sliding arc part. The lower part of the sliding arc cathode has a spray hole 43, which is connected to the first straight hole 81 and the second straight hole 82 of the fixed lower plate 8, so that the gaseous fuel passing through this channel is sprayed into the combustion chamber.

[0044] The working principle of the gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge mentioned above includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Gas fuel is introduced through the end cap. The gas fuel enters the rotating upper plate along the internal channel of the connecting mechanism. At this time, the magnetic strip on the rotating upper plate is at position A, a. The first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 on the rotating upper plate 6 are connected to the first straight hole 81 and the second straight hole 82 on the fixed lower plate 8, and the gas is injected into the combustion chamber. Figure 10 As shown;

[0046] S2: Coils B and b are energized; the upper plate 6 rotates under magnetic force to the positions of B and b, as shown. Figure 11 As shown, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 of the rotating upper plate 6 are connected to the first inclined hole 83 and the second inclined hole 84 of the fixed lower plate 8;

[0047] S3: A small amount of gas is injected again. After passing through the first inclined hole 83 and the second inclined hole 84, the gas exits from the first flow hole 41 and the second flow hole 42 of the sliding arc cathode 4. Upon hitting the wall, it generates a swirling flow and enters the sliding arc region. Figure 12 As shown;

[0048] S4: When the high-voltage electrode is energized, plasma is formed in the gas in the sliding arc region, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the combustion chamber mixture is ignited.

[0049] S5: After ignition, coils C and c are energized, and the upper rotating plate 6 continues to rotate until the magnetic strip on the upper rotating plate 6 is at position C and c. Figure 14 As shown; at this time, the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 of the rotating upper plate 6 do not coincide with the first straight hole 81, the second straight hole 82, the first oblique hole 83, and the second oblique hole 84 of the fixed lower plate 8. This is to prevent excessive gas pressure in the combustion chamber from causing backflow.

[0050] S6: Coils A and a are energized, aligning the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 62 on the rotating upper plate 6 with the first straight hole 81 and the second straight hole 82 on the fixed lower plate 8. The next cycle begins. 。

[0051] This invention employs sliding arc plasma ignition, utilizing the high reactivity of plasma to rapidly and uniformly ignite the gaseous fuel within the engine. An angled nozzle method is used to introduce the gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber in a swirling flow, accelerating its diffusion and allowing for better mixing with the combustion chamber air.

[0052] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Various modifications and variations can be made to this disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0053] Although the claims in this application have been formulated for specific combinations of features, it should be understood that the scope of this disclosure also includes any novel feature or any novel combination of features, whether express or implied or generalized herein, whether or not it relates to the same scheme in any of the claims currently claimed.

Claims

1. A gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge, characterized in that, The device includes a connecting mechanism, an insulating ceramic sleeve, a sliding arc anode, a sliding arc cathode, a rotating upper plate, an energized coil ring, and a fixed lower plate. The inner wall of the sliding arc anode is fitted and connected to the insulating ceramic sleeve. The sliding arc cathode is located at the center of the insulating ceramic sleeve. The sliding arc cathode is installed at the bottom of the connecting mechanism. The fixed lower plate is located on the sliding arc cathode, and the rotating upper plate is located on the fixed lower plate. An energized coil ring is located in the annular cavity between the outer periphery of the sliding arc cathode and the insulating ceramic sleeve. The rotating upper plate has symmetrical through holes in its axial direction, and magnetic strips with opposite magnetic properties are embedded on both radial sides of the rotating upper plate. The fixed lower plate has symmetrical straight holes axially, which penetrate the upper top surface and lower bottom surface of the fixed lower plate and the diameter of the holes gradually increases from top to bottom; the fixed lower plate has symmetrical oblique holes radially, which penetrate the upper top surface and side wall of the fixed lower plate. The sliding arc cathode is provided with a downwardly inclined first flow hole, a second flow hole, and a vertically downward spray hole. The spray hole is connected to the straight hole of the fixed lower plate, and the first flow hole and the second flow hole are connected to the inclined hole of the fixed lower plate. The energized coil ring is provided with three sets of coils. When the first set of coils is energized, the through hole of the rotating upper plate is connected to the straight hole of the fixed lower plate; when the second set of coils is energized, the through hole in the rotating upper plate is connected to the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate; when the third set of coils is energized, the through hole of the rotating upper plate is located on the upper wall of the fixed lower plate.

2. The gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a platform segment, a transition segment, and a cylindrical segment connected in sequence. The platform segment overlaps the sliding arc anode and has radial straight holes on both sides of the bottom of the platform segment. The limiting structure formed between the platform segment, the transition segment, and the sliding arc anode is used to fix the insulating ceramic sleeve. A transition ring is provided on the outer periphery of the connection between the cylindrical segment and the sliding arc cathode.

3. The gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism is equipped with an end cap. Some of the connecting bolts pass through the end cap and the platform section and extend into the sliding arc anode, while other connecting bolts pass through the end cap and extend into the platform section.

4. The gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating ceramic sleeve is engaged in the limiting groove of the sliding arc anode, and the inner wall of the insulating ceramic sleeve extends inward and contacts the sliding arc cathode. The sliding arc cathode is placed at the trapezoidal nozzle of the sliding arc anode.

5. A gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the gaseous fuel is introduced, it passes through the straight hole of the fixed lower plate and is injected into the combustion chamber through the nozzle of the sliding arc cathode. After the fuel and air are mixed in the combustion chamber, the rotating upper plate is rotated by magnetic force, so that its through hole is connected to the inclined hole of the fixed lower plate. Then a small amount of gas is injected again. After the gas passes through the inclined hole of the fixed lower plate, it is ejected from the first flow hole and the second flow hole of the sliding arc cathode. After contacting the wall and generating a swirling flow, it finally enters the sliding arc region. Subsequently, the high-pressure electrode is energized, creating a sliding arc between it and the low-pressure electrode, which ignites the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

6. A gas fuel igniter based on sliding arc discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the ignition process is completed, the upper rotating plate rotates under the action of magnetic force until the through hole of the upper rotating plate is not connected to the straight hole and the oblique hole of the fixed lower plate.

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