Internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis and correction system

Abstract

The application discloses an internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis, which comprises two fixing plates corresponding to the left and right sides of a vertebra, each of the fixing plates comprises a fixing part and a clamping part, the fixing part corresponds to the pedicle starting part and the lower articular process of the vertebra, the clamping part corresponds to the spinous process of the vertebra, and the clamping part is provided with a first correction rod channel; two starting part locking nails are used for fixing the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the pedicle starting parts on the left and right sides of the vertebra respectively and are provided with a second correction rod channel; two lower articular locking nails are used for fixing the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the lower articular processes on the left and right sides of the vertebra respectively; and a cross bolt rod is used for penetrating through the spinous process root of the vertebra left and right and pressing the clamping parts of the two fixing plates so that the clamping parts of the two fixing plates clamp the spinous process of the vertebra left and right. The application further discloses a correction system comprising the internal fixation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to spinal correction devices, and more particularly to an internal fixation device and correction system for adolescent scoliosis. Background Technology

[0002] The incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is between 1.5% and 3%, and its treatment methods are observation → bracing → surgery.

[0003] When the scoliosis angle is less than 20°, the treatment method is medical observation, with full spine X-rays taken every six months to monitor the progression of the scoliosis.

[0004] When the scoliosis angle is between 20-45°, the treatment method is bracing. Numerous patient experiences have confirmed its effectiveness. Bracing slows the progression of the scoliosis, sparing patients from surgery and reducing the difficulty and risks of surgery. However, due to the children's developmental stage and active nature, many adolescent patients find it difficult to adhere to the treatment regimen. Even with strict bracing, there is a 27% chance that the condition will progress to the point where surgery is required.

[0005] When the scoliosis angle is greater than 45°, surgical treatment is the preferred option. Currently, pedicle screw-rod fusion is considered the gold standard, as it provides three-dimensional correction, vertebral fusion, and good efficacy. However, it also presents challenges such as loss of mobility in multiple vertebral segments, restricted spinal growth, degeneration of the intervertebral discs at the head and tail, and significant surgical trauma, difficulty, and risk.

[0006] Correcting deformities while preserving the mobility of vertebral segments and not restricting vertebral growth is the future direction of surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. To achieve this, researchers have invented non-fusion surgeries, such as the anterior approach (1) vertebral tethering technique (VBT) and (2) vertebral body anastomosis (VBS); and the posterior approach (1) growth rod technique and (2) dynamic vertebral fixation technique (Dyneys). These surgeries can achieve certain therapeutic effects, but they also have drawbacks such as screw loosening, loss of corrective angle, inability to achieve three-dimensional correction, large surgical trauma, and high risks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides an internal fixation device and correction system to address the shortcomings of existing pedicle screw-rod systems in correcting adolescent scoliosis.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis, comprising: Two fixation plates are respectively corresponding to the left and right sides of the vertebra. Each fixation plate includes a fixation part and a clamping part. The fixation part corresponds to the pedicle origin and inferior articular process of the vertebra. The clamping part corresponds to the spinous process of the vertebra. The clamping part is provided with a first corrective rod channel. Two starting locking pins are used to fix the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the starting parts of the pedicles on the left and right sides of the vertebrae, respectively, and a second corrective rod channel is provided; Two lower joint locking pins are used to fix the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the lower joint processes on the left and right sides of the vertebra, respectively; A transverse bolt is used to penetrate the spinous process root of the vertebra from left to right and press the clamping parts of the two fixation plates so that the clamping parts of the two fixation plates clamp the spinous process of the vertebra from left to right.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the fixing plates also includes a bending adjustment part, one end of which is connected to the fixing part and the other end of which is connected to the clamping part; the bending adjustment part is used to adjust the angle formed between the fixing part and the clamping part.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing part includes a starting locking hole corresponding to the starting part of the pedicle and a lower joint locking hole corresponding to the lower articular process. The central axis direction of the starting locking hole is different from that of the lower joint locking hole, so that the starting locking screw and the lower joint locking screw are arranged crosswise after being screwed into the starting locking hole and the lower joint locking hole respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping part is provided with a connecting hole, which extends from one end near the fixing part to the other end away from the fixing part on the clamping part; the horizontal bolt includes a smooth section and two bolt heads respectively disposed at both ends of the smooth section, the smooth section is located between the clamping parts of the two fixing plates and passes through the connecting holes of the two fixing plates respectively; the two bolt heads abut against the clamping parts of the two fixing plates respectively, thereby pressing the two clamping parts.

[0012] Furthermore, at least one of the two plug heads is threadedly connected to the smooth section.

[0013] Furthermore, an orthodontic side block is provided on the end of the clamping part away from the fixing part, and the first orthodontic bar channel extends laterally through the orthodontic side block and extends to the top of the orthodontic side block to form a top entrance; the first orthodontic bar channel is provided with a first internal thread channel perpendicular to it at its top entrance, and a first sealing nut is screwed into the first internal thread channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the starting locking pin includes a screw seat and a universal screw. The universal screw 22 includes a connected universal ball head and a threaded section. The universal ball head of the universal screw is movably disposed within the bottom of the screw seat. The second orthodontic bar channel extends laterally through the screw seat and extends to the top of the screw seat to form a top entrance. The second orthodontic bar channel has a second internal threaded channel perpendicular to it at its top entrance. A second sealing nut is screwed into the second internal threaded channel.

[0015] A correction system comprising: Multiple internal fixation devices are used to fix to the vertebrae of the spine, with one internal fixation device corresponding to one vertebra. Four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods are used to be inserted into the first orthopedic rod channel and the second orthopedic rod channel of each of the internal fixation devices located on the left and right sides of the spine, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod is provided with a rotation adjustment part, and a limiting groove corresponding to a normal vertebra is provided next to the rotation adjustment part; the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra have a longer length than the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of other internal fixation devices, so that the two first sealing nuts and the two second sealing nuts of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra can be respectively embedded into the limiting grooves of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods to lock the rotation angle of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods.

[0017] Furthermore, when inserting the four memory alloy orthopedic rods, first rotate the four orthopedic rods to a position where their lateral orientation is opposite to the frontal orientation of the scoliotic spine. Then, insert the four orthopedic rods into the first orthopedic rod channel of each of the orthopedic side blocks and the second orthopedic rod channel of each of the starting locking screws. Next, screw the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut into each of the first orthopedic rod channels and each of the second orthopedic rod channels. At this time, the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra are only screwed in halfway, while the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the other internal fixation devices are fully screwed in. Then, rotate the four orthopedic rods from the lateral orientation to the frontal orientation. Finally, fully screw in the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra, so that they are embedded in the limiting grooves of the four orthopedic rods to lock the rotation angle of the four orthopedic rods.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention is simple to use and operate. It only requires setting the starting point locking screw and the lower joint locking screw on the starting part of the pedicle and the lower joint locking screw on the left and right sides of the vertebra to fix the two fixation plates to the vertebra. The transverse bolt is set in the root of the spinous process so that the two fixation plates clamp the spinous process from left and right, and fix it firmly. It has the advantage of minimal surgical trauma. During the operation, only the left and right sides of the spine need to be cut to expose the root of the spinous process, the lamina, the outer edge of the superior and inferior joints, etc., and the integrity of the supraspinous ligament and interspinous ligament can be preserved. The clamping portions of the two fixing plates of the present invention are respectively provided with the first corrective rod channel, and the two starting locking nails are respectively provided with the second corrective rod channel. Four corrective rods can be used on the left and right sides of the vertebrae to perform three-dimensional correction of the spine, which greatly improves the correction effect. The locking pin at the beginning of the present invention only needs to enter the beginning of the pedicle, without entering the vertebral body through the pedicle. The transverse bolt also does not enter the spinal canal, which can avoid damage to the nerves of the pedicle and the spinal canal. No nerve monitoring is required during the operation. The corrective rod of the present invention is movable within the first corrective rod channel of the corrective side block and the second corrective rod channel of the starting locking screw, which does not restrict the vertebral growth of adolescents and can better adapt to the vertebral development needs of adolescents. The starting locking hole and the lower joint locking hole of the present invention are inclined in different directions, so that the starting locking pin and the lower joint locking pin are arranged crosswise after being screwed in, and the fixing plate is tightly fixed to the vertebra from two different directions; The starting locking pin of the present invention adopts a universal connection structure. The universal screw is connected to the screw seat through its universal ball head, and the universal ball head can rotate in any direction within the screw seat to adjust the relative angle between it and the screw seat. The correction system of the present invention uses the memory alloy correction rod to correct scoliosis. Since the recovery process of the memory alloy material is continuous and slow, the correction and repositioning of the scoliosis by the memory alloy correction rod is also continuous over time. This can avoid cardiopulmonary damage caused by repositioning the spine in one go. Cardiopulmonary monitoring is not required during the operation, and it can be widely carried out. In this invention, except that the pedicle screws and corrective lateral blocks on the normal vertebrae are locked to the shape memory alloy corrective rod, the pedicle screws and corrective lateral blocks on the displaced vertebrae and neutral vertebrae are loose and can move up and down without affecting spinal growth. Since it does not restrict spinal growth, the age of surgery and the range of spinal fixation can be relaxed. This invention uses the neutral vertebrae of the scoliosis and the normal vertebrae below the neutral vertebrae as a base. It repositions the scoliosis using the principle of in-situ bending rods, ensuring the correct corrective direction of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rods. Finally, the shape memory alloy orthopedic rods are fixed to the neutral vertebrae and the normal vertebrae below. During the rotation of the four inserted shape memory alloy orthopedic rods from a lateral position to a central position, the displaced vertebrae are repositioned. Two shape memory alloy orthopedic rods located in the corrective lateral blocks on the left and right sides of the spinous process restore the displaced scoliosis vertebrae to the midline and the physiological alignment of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis using the in-situ bending rod principle. The two shape memory alloy orthopedic rods located in the pedicle screws at the beginning of the pedicles on the left and right sides primarily remove the rotation of the diseased vertebrae using the in-situ bending rod principle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the posterior aspect of an existing vertebra.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of an existing vertebra.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the internal fixation device provided by the present invention installed on the vertebra.

[0022] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal fixation device provided by the present invention installed on the vertebra.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixing plate in the internal fixation device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking pin at the starting part of the internal fixation device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a rear view of the corrective system provided by the present invention installed on the spine.

[0026] Figure 8 Lateral view of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod and the normal spine in the orthodontic system provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 An anteroposterior view of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod and a normal spine in the orthopedic system provided by this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod and the first orthodontic rod channel of each internal fixation device in the orthodontic system provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod and the second orthodontic rod channel of each internal fixation device in the orthodontic system provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod before and after rotation in the orthodontic system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0035] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, vertebra 5 is composed of a vertebral body 51, vertebral arch 52, pedicles 53, spinous process 54, superior articular process 55, and inferior articular process 56. The vertebral body 51 and vertebral arch 52 are connected by the pedicles 53 on both sides. The vertebral body 51, vertebral arch 52, and pedicles 53 on both sides enclose and form a vertebral foramen 57. The spinous process 54 is located in the middle of the posterior side of the vertebral arch 52. The superior articular process 55 is located on both sides of the upper end of the vertebral arch 52. The inferior articular process 56 is located on both sides of the lower end of the vertebral arch 52. The pedicle initiation 58 is the starting position of the pedicle 53 and also the junction of the superior articular process 55, inferior articular process 56, and pedicle 53, hence it is also called the pedicle junction.

[0036] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, an internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis includes: Two fixation plates 1 correspond to the left and right sides of the vertebra 5 respectively. Each fixation plate 1 includes a fixation part 11 and a clamping part 12. The fixation part 11 corresponds to the pedicle origin 58 and inferior articular process 56 of the vertebra 5. The clamping part 12 corresponds to the spinous process 54 of the vertebra 5. The clamping part 12 is provided with a first corrective rod channel 141. Two starting locking pins 2 are used to fix the fixing parts 11 of the two fixing plates 1 to the starting parts 58 of the pedicles on the left and right sides of the vertebra 5 respectively, and a second corrective rod channel 211 is provided; Two lower joint locking pins 4 are used to fix the fixing parts 11 of the two fixing plates 1 to the lower joint processes 56 on the left and right sides of the vertebra 5 respectively; The transverse bolt 3 is used to penetrate the root of the spinous process 54 of the vertebra 5 from left to right and to press the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 1 so that the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 1 clamp the spinous process 54 of the vertebra 5 from left to right.

[0037] The internal fixation device of the present invention is simple to use and operate. It only requires setting the starting part locking nail 2 and the lower joint locking nail 4 on the pedicle starting part 58 and the inferior articular process 56 on the left and right sides of the vertebra 5, respectively, to fix the two fixation plates 1 to the vertebra 5. The transverse bolt 3 is set in the root of the spinous process 54 so that the two fixation plates 1 clamp the spinous process 54 from the left and right sides, and fix it firmly. It has the advantage of minimal surgical trauma. During the operation, only the left and right sides of the spine need to be cut to expose the root of the spinous process 54, the lamina, the outer edge of the superior and inferior articular processes, etc., and the integrity of the supraspinous ligament and interspinous ligament can be preserved. The clamping part 12 of the two fixation plates 1 is provided with the first corrective rod channel 141, and the two starting part locking nails 2 are provided with the second corrective rod channel 211, respectively. Four corrective rods 6 can be used on the left and right sides of the vertebra 5 to perform three-dimensional correction of the spine, which greatly improves the correction effect.

[0038] In addition, the starting locking screw 2 only needs to enter the starting part 58 of the pedicle, without having to enter the vertebral body 51 through the pedicle 53, and the transverse bolt 3 does not enter the spinal canal, which can avoid damage to the pedicle 53 and the nerves next to the spinal canal, and no nerve monitoring is required during the operation.

[0039] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the fixing part 11 and the clamping part 12 are set at an obtuse angle, and the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 1 are set at an acute angle to adapt to the surface angle between the pedicle initiation part 58, the inferior articular process 56 and the spinous process 54 on the left and right sides, as well as the surface angle between the left and right sides of the spinous process 54, so that the fixing part 11 can be tightly attached to the surface of the pedicle initiation part 58 and the inferior articular process 56, and the clamping part 12 can be tightly attached to the surface of the spinous process 54.

[0040] Each of the fixing plates 1 further includes a bending adjustment part 13, one end of which is connected to the fixing part 11 and the other end is connected to the clamping part 12; the bending adjustment part 13 is used to adjust the angle formed between the fixing part 11 and the clamping part 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 1 is a metal plate, and the thickness of the bending adjustment part 13 is less than the thickness of the fixing part 11 and the clamping part 12. The flexibility and extensibility of the thin metal are used to adjust the angle between the fixing part 11 and the clamping part 12, so that the angle between the fixing part 11 and the clamping part 12 can be actively adjusted during insertion according to the surface angle between the pedicle initiation part 58, the inferior articular process 56 and the spinous process 54, and passively adjusted after insertion as the vertebra 5 grows and develops.

[0042] The fixing part 11 includes a starting part locking hole 113 corresponding to the starting part 58 of the pedicle and a lower joint locking hole 114 corresponding to the lower articular process 56. The two starting part locking nails 2 are screwed into the starting part locking holes 113 and the starting part 58 of the pedicle to fix the fixing parts 11 of the two fixing plates 1 to the starting parts 58 of the pedicle on the left and right sides respectively. The two lower joint locking nails 4 are screwed into the lower joint locking holes 114 and the lower articular process 56 to fix the fixing parts 11 of the two fixing plates 1 to the lower articular processes 56 on the left and right sides respectively.

[0043] The internal fixation device of the present invention has a starting locking hole 113 and a lower joint locking hole 114 with locking threads in the fixation plate 1 for the starting locking nail 2 and the lower joint locking nail 4 to be screwed in and fixed. The starting locking nail 2 is partially fixed to the starting locking hole 113 and partially fixed to the starting part 58 of the pedicle, while the lower joint locking nail 4 is also partially fixed to the lower joint locking hole 114 and partially fixed to the lower articular process 56. Without reducing the firmness, the length of the starting locking nail 2 and the lower joint locking nail 4 screwed into the vertebra 5 can be shortened, thereby reducing the surgical risk.

[0044] The central axis direction of the starting part locking hole 113 is different from that of the lower joint locking hole 114, so that the starting part locking pin 2 and the lower joint locking pin 4 are arranged to cross each other after being screwed into the starting part locking hole 113 and the lower joint locking hole 114 respectively.

[0045] The starting locking hole 113 and the lower joint locking hole 114 of the present invention are inclined in different directions relative to the fixing part 11, so that the starting locking nail 2 and the lower joint locking nail 4 are arranged crosswise after being screwed in, and the fixing plate 1 is tightly fixed to the vertebra 5 from two different directions.

[0046] In this embodiment, the central axis of the starting locking hole 113 is inclined at 5° toward the clamping part 12, so that the end of the starting locking pin 2 points to the inside of the vertebra 2 after being screwed in, while the central axis of the lower joint locking hole 114 is inclined at 15° away from the clamping part 12, so that the end of the lower joint locking pin 4 points to the outside (left-right direction) of the vertebra 2 after being screwed in.

[0047] The fixing part 11 includes a first fixing wing 111 and a second fixing wing 112. The starting part locking hole 113 is opened on the first fixing wing 111, and the lower joint locking hole 114 is opened on the second fixing wing 112.

[0048] The clamping part 12 has a connecting hole 121, which extends from one end near the fixing part 11 to the other end away from the fixing part 11. The horizontal bolt 3 includes a smooth section 31 and two bolt heads 32 respectively disposed at both ends of the smooth section 31. The smooth section 31 is located between the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 11 and passes through the connecting hole 121 of the two fixing plates 11 respectively. The two bolt heads 32 abut against the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 11 respectively, thereby pressing the two clamping parts 12.

[0049] During the growth and development of the vertebra 5, the anteroposterior growth of the vertebra 5 will push the transverse bolt 3 to gradually slide from the end of the clamping part 12 to the connecting end of the clamping part 12 within the connecting hole 121. Furthermore, the lateral growth of the vertebra 5 will gradually increase the distance between the two fixing plates 1, so that the two bolt heads 32 of the transverse bolt 3 remain abutting against the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 1, thereby pressing the two clamping parts 12 against the spinous process 54. The width of the connecting hole 121 is smaller than the diameter of the bolt head 32, and the transverse bolt 3 will not fall off the clamping parts 12 of the two fixing plates 11.

[0050] In the internal fixation device of the present invention, the two fixation plates 1 are separated, and the two fixation plates 1 are movably connected to the transverse bolt 3 respectively. The distance between the two fixation plates 1 and the relative position between the transverse bolt 3 and the two fixation plates 1 can adapt to the developmental needs of the vertebrae 5 of adolescents, so that the clamping part 12 of the two fixation plates 1 always clamps the left and right sides of the spinous process 54 of the vertebrae 5 under the action of the transverse bolt 3.

[0051] The transverse bolt 3 of the present invention has a smooth surface design, so that after being inserted into the spinous process 54 of the vertebra, even if the position of the transverse bolt 3 changes to a certain extent relative to the vertebra as the vertebra grows, it will not cause wear to the vertebra.

[0052] At least one of the two bolt heads 32 is threadedly connected to the smooth section 31. That is, both bolt heads 32 can be nut bolt heads 322, and both ends of the smooth section 31 have threaded threads 311 on their outer walls. The two nut bolt heads 322 are respectively screwed onto the threaded threads 311 at both ends of the smooth section 31. Alternatively, one of the two bolt heads 32 can be a fixed bolt head 321 and the other can be a nut bolt head 322. One end of the smooth section 31 is integrally connected to the fixed bolt head 321, and the other end has threaded threads 311 on its outer wall. The nut bolt head 322 is screwed onto the threaded threads 311 of the smooth section 31.

[0053] A corrective side block 14 is provided on one end of the clamping part 12 away from the fixing part 11. The first corrective rod channel 141 extends laterally through the corrective side block 14 and extends to the top of the corrective side block 14 to form a top entrance. The corrective rod 6 is inserted into the first corrective rod channel 141 from the top entrance of the corrective side block 14. The first corrective rod channel 141 is provided with a first internal thread channel 142 perpendicular to it at its top entrance. A first sealing nut 15 is screwed into the first internal thread channel 142 so that after the corrective rod 6 is inserted into the first corrective rod channel 141, the first sealing nut 15 is screwed into the first internal thread channel 142 to seal the top entrance of the first corrective rod channel 141 and prevent the corrective rod 6 from falling out.

[0054] Of course, the first sealing nut 15 is only used to seal the first orthopedic rod channel 141, and does not compress the orthopedic rod 6 located in the first orthopedic rod channel 141. The orthopedic rod 6 located in the first orthopedic rod channel 141 still has a degree of freedom of movement to adapt to the growth and development of the vertebra 5.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the starting locking pin 2 includes a screw seat 21 and a universal screw 22. The bottom of the screw seat 21 is spherical. The universal screw 22 includes a connected universal ball head 221 and a threaded section 222. The universal ball head 221 of the universal screw 22 is movably disposed within the spherical bottom of the screw seat 21. The second orthodontic bar channel 211 extends laterally through the screw seat 21 and extends to the top of the screw seat 21 to form a top entrance. The orthodontic bar 6 is inserted into the second orthodontic bar channel 211 from the top entrance of the screw seat 21. The second orthodontic bar channel 211 has a second internal threaded channel 212 perpendicular to it at its top entrance. A second sealing nut 23 is screwed into the second internal threaded channel 212 so that after the orthodontic bar 6 is inserted into the second orthodontic bar channel 211, the second sealing nut 23 is screwed into the second internal threaded channel 212 to seal the top entrance of the second orthodontic bar channel 211 and prevent the orthodontic bar 6 from falling out.

[0056] The starting locking pin 2 of the present invention adopts a universal connection structure. The universal screw 22 is connected to the screw seat 21 through its universal ball head 221, and the universal ball head 221 can rotate in any direction within the screw seat 21. After the universal screw 22 is screwed into the pedicle starting part 58, the screw seat 21 presses the fixing part 12 onto the pedicle starting part 58. At the same time, the universal screw 22 can adjust the relative angle with the screw seat 21 by rotating the universal ball head 221 within the screw seat 21 and cooperating with the spherical bottom of the screw seat 21.

[0057] Of course, the second sealing nut 23 is only used to seal the second orthodontic bar channel 211, and does not compress the orthodontic bar 6 located in the second orthodontic bar channel 211. The orthodontic bar 6 located in the second orthodontic bar channel 211 still has a degree of freedom of movement to adapt to the growth and development of the vertebra 5.

[0058] The corrective rod 6 of the present invention is movable within the first corrective rod channel 141 of the corrective side block 14 and the second corrective rod channel 211 of the starting locking nail 2, which does not restrict the vertebral growth of adolescents and can better adapt to the vertebral development needs of adolescents. Example

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, an orthodontic system includes: The internal fixation device A described in the multiple embodiments is used to fix to the vertebrae 5 of the spine respectively, with one internal fixation device A corresponding to one vertebra 5; Four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 are used to be inserted into the first orthopedic rod channel 141 and the second orthopedic rod channel 211 of each of the internal fixation devices A located on the left and right sides of the spine, respectively.

[0060] Specifically, one of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 is inserted into the first orthopedic rod channel 141 of each of the internal fixation devices A located on the left side of the spine, one is inserted into the second orthopedic rod channel 211 of each of the internal fixation devices A located on the left side of the spine, one is inserted into the first orthopedic rod channel 141 of each of the internal fixation devices A located on the right side of the spine, and one is inserted into the second orthopedic rod channel 211 of each of the internal fixation devices A located on the right side of the spine.

[0061] The correction system of the present invention uses the shape memory alloy correction rods 6 to correct scoliosis. After the four shape memory alloy correction rods 6 are respectively inserted into the first correction rod channel 141 and the second correction rod channel 211 of the internal fixation devices A located on the left and right sides of the spine, their elasticity drives the internal fixation devices A to move, thereby pulling the spine to gradually reposition. Since the recovery process of the shape memory alloy material is continuous and slow, the correction and repositioning of the scoliosis by the shape memory alloy correction rods 6 also continues over time, which can avoid cardiopulmonary damage caused by repositioning the spine in one go. Cardiopulmonary monitoring is not required during the operation, and it can be widely carried out.

[0062] The vertebrae 5 of the spine are divided into displaced vertebrae 5a, neutral vertebrae 5b and normal vertebrae 5c. The neutral vertebrae 5b is itself a normal vertebrae 5c, specifically referring to the one of the multiple normal vertebrae 5c that is closest to the displaced vertebrae 5a.

[0063] like Figure 8 and 9 As shown, the end of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod 6 is provided with a rotation adjustment part 61, and a limiting groove 62 corresponding to the normal vertebra 5c is provided next to the rotation adjustment part 61. The lateral position of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod 6 has the same curvature as the lateral position of the normal spine, and the frontal position of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod 6 is a straight line, just like the frontal position of the normal spine.

[0064] In each of the internal fixation devices A, the first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 of the internal fixation device A corresponding to the normal vertebra 5c have a greater length than the first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 of the other internal fixation devices A, such as... Figure 10 and 11 As shown, the two first sealing nuts 15 and two second sealing nuts 23 of the internal fixation device A corresponding to the normal vertebra 5c can be respectively embedded into the limiting grooves 62 of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 to lock the rotation angle of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods 6.

[0065] In the correction system of the present invention, except that the pedicle screw 2 and the correction side block 14 on the normal vertebra 5c are locked to the shape memory alloy correction rod 6, the pedicle screw 2 and the correction side block 14 on the displaced vertebra 5a and the neutral vertebra 5b are loose and can move up and down without affecting the growth of the spine. Since it does not restrict the growth of the spine, the age of surgery and the range of spinal fixation can be relaxed.

[0066] like Figure 12As shown, when inserting the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6, first rotate the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 to a position where their lateral orientation is opposite to the frontal orientation of the scoliotic spine. Then, insert the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 into the first orthopedic rod channel 141 of each of the orthopedic side blocks 14 and the second orthopedic rod channel 211 of each of the starting locking screws 2. Next, screw the first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 into each of the first orthopedic rod channels 141 and each of the second orthopedic rod channels 211, respectively. At this time, the normal vertebra 5c is... The first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 of the corresponding internal fixation device A are only screwed in halfway, while the first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 of the other internal fixation devices A are fully screwed in. Then, the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6 are rotated from the lateral position to the frontal position. Finally, the first sealing nut 15 and the second sealing nut 23 of the internal fixation device A corresponding to the normal vertebra 5c are fully screwed in, so that they are embedded in the limiting grooves 62 of the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6, thereby locking the rotation angle of the four memory alloy orthopedic rods 6.

[0067] The corrective system of this invention uses the neutral vertebra 5b of the scoliosis and the normal vertebra 5c below the neutral vertebra 5b as a base. It repositions the scoliosis by means of in-situ bending rods, ensuring the correct corrective direction of the shape memory alloy corrective rods 6. Finally, the shape memory alloy corrective rods 6 are fixed on the neutral vertebra 5b and the normal vertebra 5c below it. During the process of the four inserted shape memory alloy corrective rods 6 rotating from the lateral position to the frontal position, the displaced vertebra 5a is repositioned. Among them, the two shape memory alloy corrective rods 6 in the corrective side blocks 14 on the left and right sides of the spinous process 54 restore the scoliosis-displaced vertebra 5a to the midline and the physiological arrangement of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis by means of in-situ bending rods. The two shape memory alloy corrective rods 6 in the pedicle screws 2 at the starting part of the pedicle 58 on the left and right sides mainly remove the rotation of the scoliosis vertebra 5a by means of in-situ bending rods.

[0068] The rotation adjustment unit 61 is used to manually rotate the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod 6 to adjust the rotation angle of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod 6 relative to each internal fixation device A. In this embodiment, the rotation adjustment unit 61 is a block structure to facilitate manual rotation of the shape memory alloy orthodontic rod 6.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal fixation device for scoliosis in adolescents, characterized in that, include: Two fixation plates are respectively corresponding to the left and right sides of the vertebra. Each fixation plate includes a fixation part and a clamping part. The fixation part corresponds to the pedicle origin and inferior articular process of the vertebra. The clamping part corresponds to the spinous process of the vertebra. The clamping part is provided with a first corrective rod channel. Two starting locking pins are used to fix the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the starting parts of the pedicles on the left and right sides of the vertebrae, respectively, and a second corrective rod channel is provided; Two lower joint locking pins are used to fix the fixing parts of the two fixing plates to the lower joint processes on the left and right sides of the vertebra, respectively; A transverse bolt is used to penetrate the spinous process root of the vertebra from left to right and press the clamping parts of the two fixation plates so that the clamping parts of the two fixation plates clamp the spinous process of the vertebra from left to right. The clamping part has a connecting hole that extends from one end near the fixing part to the other end away from the fixing part. The horizontal bolt includes a smooth section and two bolt heads respectively disposed at both ends of the smooth section. The smooth section is located between the clamping parts of the two fixing plates and passes through the connecting holes of the two fixing plates respectively. The two bolt heads abut against the clamping parts of the two fixing plates respectively, thereby pressing the two clamping parts. The starting locking pin includes a screw seat and a universal screw. The universal screw includes a connected universal ball head and a threaded section. The universal ball head of the universal screw is movably disposed in the bottom of the screw seat. The second orthodontic bar channel extends laterally through the screw seat and extends to the top of the screw seat to form a top entrance. The second orthodontic bar channel has a second internal threaded channel perpendicular to it at its top entrance. A second sealing nut is screwed into the second internal threaded channel.

2. The internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the fixing plates further includes a bending adjustment part, one end of which is connected to the fixing part and the other end of which is connected to the clamping part; the bending adjustment part is used to adjust the angle formed between the fixing part and the clamping part.

3. The internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing part includes a starting locking hole corresponding to the starting part of the pedicle and a lower joint locking hole corresponding to the lower articular process. The central axis direction of the starting locking hole is different from that of the lower joint locking hole, so that the starting locking screw and the lower joint locking screw are arranged crosswise after being screwed into the starting locking hole and the lower joint locking hole respectively.

4. The internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the two plug heads is threadedly connected to the smooth section.

5. The internal fixation device for adolescent scoliosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, A corrective side block is provided on one end of the clamping part away from the fixing part. The first corrective bar channel extends laterally through the corrective side block and extends to the top of the corrective side block to form a top entrance. The first corrective bar channel is provided with a first internal thread channel perpendicular to it at its top entrance. A first sealing nut is screwed into the first internal thread channel.

6. A corrective system, characterized in that, include: The internal fixation devices according to multiple claims 1 are used to fix to the vertebrae of the spine respectively, with one internal fixation device corresponding to one vertebra; Four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods are used to be inserted into the first orthopedic rod channel and the second orthopedic rod channel of each of the internal fixation devices located on the left and right sides of the spine, respectively.

7. The orthodontic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the shape memory alloy orthopedic rod is provided with a rotation adjustment part, and a limiting groove corresponding to a normal vertebra is provided next to the rotation adjustment part; the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra have a larger length than the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of other internal fixation devices, so that the two first sealing nuts and the two second sealing nuts of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra can be respectively embedded into the limiting grooves of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods to lock the rotation angle of the four shape memory alloy orthopedic rods.

8. The orthodontic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, When inserting the four memory alloy orthopedic rods, first rotate the four orthopedic rods to a position where their lateral orientation is opposite to the frontal orientation of the scoliotic spine. Then, insert the four orthopedic rods into the first orthopedic rod channel of each clamping part and the second orthopedic rod channel of each starting locking screw. Next, screw the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut into each of the first orthopedic rod channels and each of the second orthopedic rod channels. At this time, the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra are only screwed in halfway, while the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the other internal fixation devices are fully screwed in. Then, rotate the four orthopedic rods from the lateral orientation to the frontal orientation. Finally, fully screw in the first sealing nut and the second sealing nut of the internal fixation device corresponding to the normal vertebra, so that they are embedded in the limiting grooves of the four orthopedic rods to lock the rotation angle of the four orthopedic rods.

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