Railway wagon lower side door self-locking locking device and concave lower side door containing the locking device
By designing a self-locking device for the lower side door of railway freight cars, and adopting the four-bar linkage principle of passing the dead point and the lock iron deflection design, the reliability problem of the lower side door locking device was solved, achieving a safe and reliable locking effect and reducing operating costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC YANGTZE GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing locking devices for the lower doors of railway freight cars are easily damaged and have problems such as the buckle tipping over and the lower door becoming deformed and difficult to close, leading to increased operating costs and safety hazards.
A self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car is designed. It adopts the principle of passing the dead point of a four-bar linkage and the 10° deflection of the contact point between the lock iron and the door hinge to achieve double self-locking. Combined with the concave lower side door design, it ensures the reliability of locking.
It improves the locking reliability of the lower door, avoids the problems of buckle flipping and difficulty in closing after the lower door is deformed, reduces operating costs and ensures operational safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN118029785B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of special accessories for railway freight cars, specifically to a self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car and a recessed lower side door containing the locking device. Background Technology
[0002] General-purpose open wagons, with their high efficiency and wide applicability, have become the main type of freight car on my country's railways. To accommodate both mechanical operations and manual loading and unloading, general-purpose open wagons are typically equipped with six upward-opening lower side doors on each side. These lower side doors are usually located on the outside of the side wall and are locked using latches and buckles.
[0003] When vehicles are in operation or unloading on tippers, the lower side door and locking device are prone to collisions with loading and unloading equipment, causing damage. Existing latch locking devices pose a risk of the lower side door opening due to reverse rotation of the latch. To ensure safe railway operation, vehicle operating departments typically perform wire binding reinforcement work on the latches, resulting in resource and efficiency waste and increased operating costs for users. Therefore, a new self-locking railway open wagon lower side door locking device and lower side door need to be designed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car and a recessed lower side door containing the locking device. The locking device can improve the locking reliability of the lower side door of an open car and solve the problems of buckle flipping in existing latch locking devices and difficulty in closing the lower side door after deformation.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car, comprising a lock seat, a lock iron, and a lock rod; The lock base includes a mounting plate and two upright plates mounted on the mounting plate. The upper part of the two upright plates is provided with a lock rod hole, and the lower part of the two upright plates is provided with a limit groove. The lock includes a lock body, and a pressure rod is provided on the upper part of the lock body. The pressure rod can be embedded in the limiting groove to form a first hinge point; two lock rod mounting cylinders are provided on the lower part of the lock body. The locking rod includes a rotating rod, with arc-shaped elastic rods connected to both ends of the rotating rod. Each arc-shaped elastic rod has a locking rod rotating shaft at its upper end. The rotating rod is installed in two locking rod mounting cylinders and rotates to form a second hinge point. The locking rod rotating shaft is installed in a locking rod hole on the same side and rotates to form a third hinge point. The lock is unlocked when the deformation of the locking bar caused by external force is greater than or equal to the interference amount ΔL, which is calculated by the following formula: ΔL=(L1+L2)-L3 In the formula, L1 is the distance between the first hinge point and the second hinge point on the same side, L2 is the distance between the first hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side, and L3 is the distance between the second hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side.
[0006] Furthermore, the contact point between the lock and the door hinge is provided with a deflection angle α relative to the rotation point of the lock, and the deflection angle α = 10°.
[0007] Furthermore, the lock iron is provided with a limit stop for limiting the locking rod.
[0008] The present invention also provides a recessed lower side door, which includes the above-mentioned self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car, wherein the recessed lower side door is disposed on the inner side of the side wall panel.
[0009] Furthermore, the recessed lower side door includes a lower side door body, and the inner side of the side wall panel is provided with a lower side door mounting plate and a lower side door support plate for installing the lower side door body.
[0010] Furthermore, the recessed lower side door also includes a door hinge, with the lower side door body disposed on the inner side of the door hinge and connected to it integrally; a side door hinge seat is provided on the upper part of the door hinge, and the side door hinge seat is fixedly connected to the lower side door mounting plate.
[0011] Furthermore, the railway freight car lower side door self-locking device is provided on the lower side door mounting plate below the lower side door body.
[0012] Furthermore, the lower door mounting plate has ramps at both the upper and lower ends.
[0013] Furthermore, the door hinge has an outward bending portion on its exterior.
[0014] Furthermore, the lower door body, the side door hinge seat, and the self-locking locking device of the lower door of the railway freight car are arranged in a recessed manner and do not extend beyond the outer surface of the side wall panel.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: Firstly, the self-locking locking device for the lower side door of the railway freight car of the present invention adopts the principle of a four-bar linkage to achieve the first level of self-locking and the second level of self-locking by setting a 10° deflection between the contact point of the lock iron and the door hinge relative to the rotation point of the lock iron. This can improve the locking reliability of the lower side door of the open wagon and solve the problems of the buckle iron flipping over in the existing latch locking device and the difficulty in closing the lower side door after deformation.
[0016] Secondly, the self-locking locking device for the lower side door of the railway freight car of the present invention is provided with a limit stop on the locking iron. When the locking rod contacts the limit stop of the locking iron, it can be determined that the locking state is good, which is convenient for inspection.
[0017] Thirdly, the recessed lower side door of the present invention does not extend beyond the outer side of the side wall panel, which can ensure the safety of the lower side door during use. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view schematic diagram of the self-locking device for the lower door of a railway freight car; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the locking principle of the self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second-stage self-locking reversing torque principle of the self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the concave lower side door of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side sectional view of the recessed lower door shown. In the diagram: 1. Lock seat, 11. Mounting plate, 12. Vertical plate, 13. Lock rod hole, 14. Limiting groove, 2. Lock iron, 21. Lock iron body, 22. Pressure rod, 23. Lock rod mounting cylinder, 24. Limiting stop, 3. Lock rod, 31. Rotating rod, 32. Arc-shaped elastic rod, 33. Lock rod rotating shaft, 4. Side wall plate, 5. Lower door body, 6. Lower door mounting plate, 61. Slope, 7. Lower door support plate, 8. Door hinge, 81. Bending part, 9. Side door hinge seat, 10. Self-locking locking device for the lower door of a railway freight car. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention in detail, but they do not constitute a limitation on the invention and are merely illustrative. Furthermore, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand by explaining them.
[0020] like Figure 1As shown, the self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car of the present invention includes a lock seat 1, a lock iron 2, and a lock rod 3. The lock seat 1 is a casting, and the lock rod 3 is made of spring steel. The lock seat 1 includes a mounting plate 11 and two upright plates 12 disposed on the mounting plate 11. The upper part of the two upright plates 12 is provided with a lock rod hole 13, and the lower part of the two upright plates 12 is provided with a limiting groove 14. The lock iron 2 includes a lock iron body 21. The upper part of the lock iron body 21 is provided with a pressure rod 22, which can be embedded in the limiting groove 14 to form a first hinge point. The lower part of the lock iron body 21 is provided with two lock rod mounting cylinders 23. The lock iron 2 is provided with a limiting stop 24 for limiting the lock rod 3. The locking rod is provided with a limiting stop, and the locking state is determined to be good when the lock rod contacts the locking iron limiting stop, which is convenient for inspection. The contact point between the lock iron and the door hinge is provided with a deflection angle α relative to the rotation point of the lock iron, and the deflection angle α = 10°. The locking rod 3 includes a rotating rod 31, with arc-shaped elastic rods 32 connected to both ends of the rotating rod 31. Each arc-shaped elastic rod 32 has a locking rod rotating shaft 33 at its upper end. The rotating rod 31 is installed in two locking rod mounting cylinders 23 and rotates to form a second hinge point. The locking rod rotating shaft 33 is installed in a locking rod hole 13 on the same side and rotates to form a third hinge point. The lock is unlocked when the deformation of the locking lever 3 caused by external force is greater than or equal to the interference amount ΔL. The interference amount ΔL is calculated by the following formula: ΔL=(L1+L2)-L3 In the formula, L1 is the distance between the first hinge point and the second hinge point on the same side, L2 is the distance between the first hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side, and L3 is the distance between the second hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side.
[0021] The self-locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car of the present invention uses a four-bar linkage mechanism based on the dead-point principle to achieve the first level of self-locking. Taking the design values as an example, the distance between the lock iron hinge points is L1=97mm, the distance between the lock seat and the hinge points of the lock rod and lock iron is L2=66mm, and the distance between the lock rod hinge points is L3=160.3mm. Therefore, L1+L2=163mm>L3, with an interference of 2.7mm. This means the locking device needs to generate an elastic deformation of at least 2.7mm for the linkage mechanism to overcome the dead point and unlock; otherwise, it cannot open. Therefore, it can ensure that the lower side door will not be accidentally opened during vehicle operation and on tipper machines. Figure 3 As shown.
[0022] Furthermore, the contact point between the lock and the door hinge is offset by 10° relative to the lock's rotation point, achieving a second level of self-locking. When loading goods or relying on the elastic deformation of the door hinge itself, the force applied by the door hinge to the lock creates a counter-torque, preventing the lock and locking rod from rotating and unlocking, ensuring reliable locking. Figure 4 As shown.
[0023] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a recessed lower side door of the present invention includes the aforementioned self-locking locking device for a railway freight car lower side door. The recessed lower side door is disposed on the inner side of the side wall panel 4. The recessed lower side door includes a lower side door body 5 and a door hinge 8. A lower side door mounting plate 6 and a lower side door support plate 7 for mounting the lower side door body 5 are disposed on the inner side of the side wall panel 4. The lower side door mounting plate 6 and the lower side door support plate 7 are mounted on the inner side of the side wall panel 4 and welded to the side wall panel 4 as a whole.
[0024] The lower door body 5 is located inside the door hinge 8 and is integrally connected to it. A side door hinge seat 9 is located on the upper part of the door hinge 8, and the side door hinge seat 9 is fixedly connected to the lower door mounting plate 6. The side door hinge seat 9, the door hinge 8, and the lower door body 5 are welded together, and the side door hinge seat 9 is installed by welding it to the lower door mounting plate 6. A railway freight car lower door self-locking device 10 is installed on the lower door mounting plate 6 below the lower door body 5. The railway freight car lower door self-locking device 10 is welded to the lower door mounting plate 6, and the railway freight car lower door self-locking device and the lower door do not extend beyond the outer surface of the side wall panel. Both the upper and lower ends of the lower door mounting plate 6 are provided with ramps 61. The upper and lower ends of the lower door mounting plate 6 are provided with inclined ramps to facilitate cargo flow.
[0025] The door hinge 8 has an outward bending portion 81 on its exterior to accommodate the pressing of the self-locking locking device of the lower side door of the railway freight car. The lower side door body 5, the side door hinge seat 9, and the self-locking locking device 10 of the lower side door of the railway freight car are arranged in a recessed manner and do not extend beyond the outer surface of the side wall panel 4.
[0026] In summary, the novel recessed lower door of this invention does not extend beyond the outer side of the side wall panel, ensuring the safety of the lower door during use. The self-locking locking device employs a four-bar linkage mechanism based on the dead-point principle to achieve the first level of self-locking, and a second level of self-locking is achieved by setting a 10° deflection between the contact point of the lock iron and the door hinge relative to the rotation point of the lock iron. This improves the locking reliability of the lower door of the open vehicle and solves problems such as the buckle flipping problem of existing latch locking devices and the difficulty in closing the lower door after deformation.
[0027] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Any other aspects not described in detail are prior art.
Claims
1. A self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car, characterized in that: It includes a lock base (1), a lock iron (2), and a lock bar (3); The lock base (1) includes a mounting plate (11) and two upright plates (12) disposed on the mounting plate (11). The upper part of the two upright plates (12) is provided with a lock rod hole (13), and the lower part of the two upright plates (12) is provided with a limit groove (14). The lock iron (2) includes a lock iron body (21), and a pressure rod (22) is provided on the upper part of the lock iron body (21). The pressure rod (22) can be embedded in the limiting groove (14) to form a first hinge point; two lock rod mounting cylinders (23) are provided on the lower part of the lock iron body (21). The locking rod (3) includes a rotating rod (31), and two ends of the rotating rod (31) are respectively connected to arc-shaped elastic rods (32). Each arc-shaped elastic rod (32) has a locking rod rotating shaft (33) at its upper end. The rotating rod (31) is installed in two locking rod mounting cylinders (23) and rotatedly connected to them to form a second hinge point. The locking rod rotating shaft (33) is installed in a locking rod hole (13) located on the same side and rotatedly connected to it to form a third hinge point. The lock is unlocked when the deformation of the locking rod (3) caused by external force is greater than or equal to the interference amount ΔL, which is calculated by the following formula: ΔL=(L1+L2)-L3 In the formula, L1 is the distance between the first hinge point and the second hinge point on the same side, L2 is the distance between the first hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side, and L3 is the distance between the second hinge point and the third hinge point on the same side.
2. The self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact point between the lock (2) and the door hinge is provided with a deflection angle α relative to the rotation point of the lock, and the deflection angle α = 10°.
3. The self-locking locking device for the lower side door of a railway freight car according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The locking iron (2) is provided with a limiting stop (24) for limiting the locking rod (3).
4. A recessed lower side door, characterized in that: The railway freight car includes a self-locking locking device for the lower side door as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the recessed lower side door is located on the inner side of the side wall panel (4).
5. The concave lower side door according to claim 4, characterized in that: Includes a lower door body (5), and the inner side of the side wall panel (4) is provided with a lower door mounting plate (6) and a lower door support plate (7) for installing the lower door body (5).
6. The concave lower side door according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a door hinge (8), the lower door body (5) is located on the inside of the door hinge (8) and is connected to it as a whole; the upper part of the door hinge (8) is provided with a side door hinge seat (9), and the side door hinge seat (9) is fixedly connected to the lower door mounting plate (6).
7. The concave lower side door according to claim 6, characterized in that: The railway freight car lower side door self-locking device (10) is provided on the lower side door mounting plate (6) below the lower side door body (5).
8. The concave lower side door according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower ends of the lower door mounting plate (6) are provided with ramps (61).
9. The concave lower side door according to claim 8, characterized in that: The door hinge (8) has an outward bending portion (81) on its exterior.
10. The concave lower side door according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower door body (5), the side door hinge seat (9), and the railway freight car lower door self-locking device (10) are arranged in a recessed manner and do not extend beyond the outer surface of the side wall panel (4).