Capsule-like droplet size estimation method and system based on rectangular microchannel dimensions

Abstract

The application provides a capsule-shaped droplet size estimation method and system based on the size of a rectangular microchannel, and belongs to the technical field of microfluidics. The width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel are obtained. According to the obtained width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle, the volume estimation result and the surface area estimation result of the capsule-shaped droplet are obtained. According to the width and height of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microdroplet, the volume and surface area of the capsule-shaped droplet in the rectangular microchannel under the condition that the capillary number is less than a set threshold value can be quickly and accurately estimated, and the precision of microfluidics is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microfluidics, and in particular to a method and system for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Microfluidics is a technology that precisely manipulates fluids at the micrometer scale. Droplet microfluidics, a major branch of microfluidics, is a technique for precisely controlling nanoliter to picoliter droplets generated in tiny channels.

[0004] Microdroplets prepared using microfluidic technology offer advantages such as compartmentalization, single-molecule sensitivity, high throughput, and low manufacturing cost. They are widely used in quantitative reactions and engineering design as microreactors for individual transport, mixing, or analysis. The advent of microdroplets enables a large number of experiments to be conducted simultaneously without increasing equipment size or experimental complexity, thus promoting the development of many new technologies aimed at replacing traditional laboratory equipment.

[0005] The inventors discovered that accurately measuring the size of microdroplets is crucial to ensuring the precision of microfluidics. However, current research on methods for calculating microdroplet size parameters is limited, and there is a lack of methods for rapidly and accurately calculating microdroplet volume and surface area. This leads to a failure to guarantee high precision and indirectly increases the time and economic costs of related detection or analysis research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels. By using the width and height of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microdroplets, the volume and surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped droplets in the rectangular microchannel can be estimated quickly and accurately when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, thereby improving the accuracy of microfluidics.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the size of rectangular microchannels.

[0009] A method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels includes the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. Treat the capsule-shaped droplet as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and treat the junction of the body and the semi-ellipsoidal parts according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoids.

[0011] When the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the thickness of the continuous fluid film between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is a multiple of the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is a multiple of the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0012] Based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle, the volume estimation results and surface area estimation results of the capsule-shaped droplet are obtained.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a capsule-shaped droplet size estimation system based on the size of rectangular microchannels.

[0014] A capsule-shaped droplet size estimation system based on rectangular microchannel dimensions includes:

[0015] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The capsule-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is treated according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid.

[0016] The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0017] The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the capsule-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

[0018] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped bubbles based on the size of rectangular microchannels.

[0019] A method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped bubbles based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels includes the following steps:

[0020] Obtain the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the bubble-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. Treat the bubble-shaped droplet as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and treat the junction of the body and the semi-ellipsoidal parts according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid.

[0021] When the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the bubble-like droplet and the channel wall is a multiple of the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is a multiple of the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0022] Based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the bubble-like droplet, and the contact angle, the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the bubble-like droplet are obtained.

[0023] Fourthly, the present invention provides a capsule-shaped bubble size estimation system based on the size of rectangular microchannels.

[0024] A capsule-shaped bubble size estimation system based on rectangular microchannel dimensions includes:

[0025] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the bubble-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The bubble-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is processed according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid.

[0026] The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the bubble-like droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0027] The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the bubble-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. This invention innovatively proposes a size estimation strategy for capsule-shaped droplets or bubbles based on the size of rectangular microchannels. By using the width and height of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microdroplets, the volume and surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped droplets in the rectangular microchannel can be estimated quickly and accurately when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, thereby improving the accuracy of microfluidics.

[0030] 2. This invention innovatively proposes a size estimation strategy for capsule-shaped droplets or bubbles based on the size of rectangular microchannels. The volume and surface area of ​​the microdroplets can be quickly calculated based solely on the width and height of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microdroplets. The calculation process is simple and convenient, with small calculation errors and high accuracy. It does not require complex detection equipment, has low operating costs, and is economical.

[0031] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide further illustration of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a top view of the capsule-shaped droplet provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a side view of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0037] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the dimensions of a rectangular microchannel. The method calculates the volume and surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped droplets within the rectangular microchannel based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microdroplets, including the following steps:

[0040] S1: Consider the capsule-shaped droplet as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and treat the junction of the body and the semi-ellipsoids according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoids.

[0041] S2: Considering the influence of the thickness of the continuous fluid film in the rectangular microchannel, the thickness of the continuous fluid film between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is denoted as δ, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is denoted as δ'.

[0042] S3: A rectangular microchannel with width W and height H, when the capillary number Ca < 10. -2 When the capsule-shaped droplet body and the channel wall are connected, the film thickness δ of the continuous fluid can be set to 0.02 times the width W of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness δ' of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the rectangular microchannel edges can be set to 0.1 times the width W of the rectangular microchannel.

[0043] S4: The overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet is L, and the length of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet is L. c The radius of curvature of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet in the channel width plane is R. w The characteristic length is denoted as X. Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length L of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet is obtained through geometric derivation. c The radius of curvature R on the channel width plane w The formulas for calculating the feature length X are as follows:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] S5: The length of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is L. m Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length L of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is obtained through geometric derivation. m The calculation formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] S6: The contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel is denoted as θ. c The combined length L of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet c The radius of curvature R on the channel width plane w The calculation formula can be used to calculate the contact angle θ between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. c :

[0050]

[0051] S7: The perimeter of the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is denoted as I. cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the perimeter I of the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is obtained through geometric derivation.cs The calculation formula is as follows:

[0052] I cs =2[W-2(δ+X)]+2[H-2(δ+X)]+2πX (1-6);

[0053] S8: The surface area A of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet m and the surface area A of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet c The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0054] A m =I cs ·L m (1-7);

[0055]

[0056] S9: The area of ​​the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is denoted as A. cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the area A of the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is obtained through geometric derivation. cs The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057] A cs =(W-2δ)(H-2δ)-4(X) 2 -πX 2 / 4) (1-9);

[0058] S10: The volume V of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet m and the volume V of the capsule-shaped droplet hemispherical portion c The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0059] V m =A cs ·L m (1-10);

[0060]

[0061] S11: The capsule-shaped droplet is composed of a rectangular main body and two semi-ellipsoidal parts. The volume V of the capsule-shaped droplet is equal to the volume V of the main body. m With the volume V of the two semi-ellipsoids c The sum of the surface areas of the capsule-shaped droplets, A, is the main part of the surface area A. m With the surface area A of the two semi-ellipsoids c The summation of these values. In conclusion, the capillary number Ca < 10. -2 Under the condition of setting a threshold, the formulas for calculating the volume V and surface area A of the capsule-shaped droplet are as follows:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a capsule-shaped droplet size estimation system based on the size of a rectangular microchannel, comprising:

[0066] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The capsule-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is treated according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid.

[0067] The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0068] The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the capsule-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

[0069] The working method of the system is the same as the capsule-shaped droplet size estimation method based on rectangular microchannel size provided in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped bubbles based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels. The method calculates the volume and surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped bubbles within the rectangular microchannel based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel and the length of the microbubbles, including the following steps:

[0072] T1: Consider the capsule-shaped bubble as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and treat the connection between the main body and the semi-ellipsoids according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoids;

[0073] T2: Considering the influence of the thickness of the continuous fluid film in the rectangular microchannel, the thickness of the continuous fluid film between the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble and the channel wall is denoted as δ, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is denoted as δ'.

[0074] T3: A rectangular microchannel with width W and height H, when the capillary number Ca < 10. -2At that time, the film thickness δ of the continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble and the channel wall can be set to 0.02 times the width W of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness δ' of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel can be set to 0.1 times the width W of the rectangular microchannel;

[0075] T4: The overall length of the capsule-shaped bubble is L, and the length of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble is L. c The radius of curvature of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble in the channel width plane is R. w The characteristic length is denoted as X. Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length L of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble is obtained through geometric derivation. c The radius of curvature R on the channel width plane w The formulas for calculating the feature length X are as follows:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] T5: The length of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is L. m Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length L of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is obtained through geometric derivation. m The calculation formula is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] T6: The contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble and the inner wall of the channel is denoted as θ. c The combined length L of the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal portion c The radius of curvature R on the channel width plane w The calculation formula can be used to calculate the contact angle θ between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped bubble and the inner wall of the channel. c :

[0082]

[0083] T7: The perimeter of the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is denoted as I. cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the perimeter I of the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is obtained through geometric derivation. cs The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084] I cs =2[W-2(δ+X)]+2[H-2(δ+X)]+2πX (2-6);

[0085] T8: The surface area A of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubblem and the surface area A of the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal portion c The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0086] A m =I cs ·L m (2-7);

[0087]

[0088] T9: The area of ​​the cross-section AA of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is denoted as A. cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the area A of the cross-section AA of the capsule-shaped bubble body is obtained through geometric derivation. cs The calculation formula is as follows:

[0089] A cs =(W-2δ)(H-2δ)-4(X) 2 -πX 2 / 4) (2-9);

[0090] T10: The volume V of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble m and the volume V of the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal part c The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0091] V m =A cs ·L m (2-10);

[0092]

[0093] T11: The capsule-shaped bubble is composed of a rectangular main body and two semi-ellipsoidal parts. The volume V of the capsule-shaped bubble is equal to the volume V of the main body. m With the volume V of the two semi-ellipsoids c The sum of the surface areas of the capsule-shaped bubbles, A, is equal to the surface area of ​​the main part, A. m With the surface area A of the two semi-ellipsoids c In summary, the capillary number Ca < 10 -2 Under the condition of (i.e., setting a threshold), the formulas for calculating the volume V and surface area A of the capsule-shaped bubble are as follows:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Example 4:

[0097] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a capsule-shaped bubble size estimation system based on the size of rectangular microchannels, comprising:

[0098] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the bubble-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The bubble-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is processed according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid.

[0099] The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the bubble-like droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel.

[0100] The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the bubble-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

[0101] The working method of the system is the same as the capsule bubble size estimation method based on rectangular microchannel size provided in Example 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels, characterized in that, The process includes the following: The capsule-shaped droplet is considered as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the junction of the body and the semi-ellipsoids is treated according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoids. Considering the influence of the thickness of the continuous fluid film within the rectangular microchannel, the thickness of the continuous fluid film between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is denoted as . The continuous fluid characteristic thickness at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is denoted as... ; The width of the rectangular microchannel is W Height is H When the number of capillaries Ca <10 -2 At that time, the thickness of the thin film of continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall Can be set to rectangular microchannel width W 0.02 times, the continuous fluid characteristic thickness at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel Set as rectangular microchannel width W 0.1 times; The overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet is L The length of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet is L c The radius of curvature of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet in the channel width plane is... R w The feature length is denoted as X Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet was obtained through geometric derivation. L c Radius of curvature on the channel width plane R w Characteristic length X The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； ； The length of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet is L m Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet was obtained through geometric derivation. L m The calculation formula is as follows: ； The contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel is denoted as . The length of the combined capsule-shaped droplet hemispherical portion L c Radius of curvature on the channel width plane R w The calculation formula can be used to calculate the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. : ； Cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet A - A The perimeter is recorded as I cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet was obtained through geometric derivation. A - A circumference I cs The calculation formula is as follows: ； The surface area of ​​the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet A m and the surface area of ​​the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped droplet A c The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； The cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet A - A The area is denoted as A cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet was obtained through geometric derivation. A - A area A cs The calculation formula is as follows: ； The volume of the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet V m and the volume of the capsule-shaped droplet hemispherical portion V c The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； The capsule-shaped droplet is composed of a rectangular main body and two semi-ellipsoidal parts, and the volume of the capsule-shaped droplet is... V Volume of the main body V m With the volume of two semi-ellipsoids V c The sum of the surface areas of the capsule-shaped droplets A Surface area of ​​the main part A m With the surface area of ​​two semi-ellipsoids A c The sum of; In summary, the number of capillaries Ca <10 -2 Under the condition of (i.e., setting a threshold), the volume of the capsule-shaped droplet V and surface area A The calculation formulas are as follows: ； 。 2. A capsule-shaped droplet size estimation system based on rectangular microchannel dimensions, characterized in that, The method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped droplets based on the size of rectangular microchannels as described in claim 1 includes: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the capsule-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The capsule-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is treated according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid. The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel. The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the capsule-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the capsule-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

3. A method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped bubbles based on the dimensions of rectangular microchannels, characterized in that, The process includes the following: The capsule-shaped bubble is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the main body and the semi-ellipsoids is treated according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoids. Considering the influence of the thickness of the continuous fluid film within the rectangular microchannel, the thickness of the continuous fluid film between the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble and the channel wall is denoted as . The continuous fluid characteristic thickness at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is denoted as... ; The width of the rectangular microchannel is W Height is H When the number of capillaries Ca <10 -2 At that time, the thickness of the thin film of continuous fluid between the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble and the channel wall Can be set to rectangular microchannel width W 0.02 times, the continuous fluid characteristic thickness at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel Set as rectangular microchannel width W 0.1 times; The overall length of the capsule-shaped bubble is L The length of the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal portion is L c The radius of curvature of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble in the channel width plane is... R w The feature length is denoted as X Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length of the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble is obtained through geometric derivation. L c Radius of curvature on the channel width plane R w Characteristic length X The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； ； The length of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is L m Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the length of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble is obtained through geometric derivation. L m The calculation formula is as follows: ； The contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble and the inner wall of the channel is denoted as . The length of the combined capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal portion L c Radius of curvature on the channel width plane R w The calculation formula can be used to calculate the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal portion of the capsule-shaped bubble and the inner wall of the channel. : ； Cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble A - A The perimeter is recorded as I cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble was obtained through geometric derivation. A - A circumference I cs The calculation formula is as follows: ； The surface area of ​​the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble A m and the surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal part A c The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； The cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble A - A The area is denoted as A cs Based on the dimensions of the rectangular microchannel, the cross-section of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble was obtained through geometric derivation. A - A area A cs The calculation formula is as follows: ； The volume of the main body of the capsule-shaped bubble V m and the volume of the capsule-shaped bubble semi-ellipsoidal portion V c The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； The capsule-shaped bubble is composed of a cuboid main body and two semi-ellipsoidal parts, and the volume of the capsule-shaped bubble is... V Volume of the main body V m With the volume of two semi-ellipsoids V c The sum of the surface area of ​​the capsule-shaped bubbles A Surface area of ​​the main part A m With the surface area of ​​two semi-ellipsoids A c The sum of; In summary, the number of capillaries Ca <10 -2 Under the condition of (i.e., setting a threshold), the volume of the capsule-shaped bubble V and surface area A The calculation formulas are as follows: ； 。 4. A capsule-shaped bubble size estimation system based on rectangular microchannel dimensions, characterized in that, The method for estimating the size of capsule-shaped bubbles based on the size of rectangular microchannels as described in claim 3 includes: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the width of the rectangular microchannel, the height of the rectangular microchannel, the overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle between the semi-ellipsoidal part of the bubble-shaped droplet and the inner wall of the channel. The bubble-shaped droplet is regarded as a combination of a cuboid body and two semi-ellipsoids, and the connection between the body and the semi-ellipsoidal part is processed according to the curvature of the semi-ellipsoid. The relationship determination module is configured such that when the number of capillaries is less than a set threshold, the film thickness of the continuous fluid between the main body of the bubble-like droplet and the channel wall is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel, and the characteristic thickness of the continuous fluid at the intersection of the edges of the rectangular microchannel is in a second multiple relationship with the width of the rectangular microchannel. The size estimation module is configured to obtain the volume estimation result and surface area estimation result of the bubble-shaped droplet based on the first multiple relationship, the second multiple relationship, and the obtained rectangular microchannel width, rectangular microchannel height, overall length of the bubble-shaped droplet, and the contact angle.

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