Combustor component with vortex generators and combustor having the same

Abstract

The invention relates to a combustor component (11) for use in a flow passage (02) of a combustor (01) of a gas turbine. The component wall (14) extends from a front edge (12) to a rear edge (13) and from a first wall end (15) to an opposite second wall end (16) in a transverse direction crossing the flow direction, wherein a vortex generator (17, 18) is arranged on the component wall (14) close to the front edge (12), the vortex generator comprising a first primary vortex generator (17a) at a side facing the first wall end (15) and a second primary vortex generator (17b) adjacent to the first primary vortex generator (17a), and an additional vortex generator (18). A fuel nozzle (19) is arranged downstream of the respective corresponding primary vortex generator (17). For improved mixing, the additional vortex generator (18) is located between the first primary vortex generator (17a) and the first wall end (15) and has a height on the component wall (14) which is less than the height of the first primary vortex generator (17a) and no corresponding fuel nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a burner component for use in a burner. The function of the burner component is to induce or enhance vortexing of combustion air and fuel. Background Technology

[0002] For favorable combustion aimed at minimizing pollutants, uniform mixing of fuel and combustion air prior to combustion is crucial. Various solutions have been used in existing technologies to achieve this. In many cases, these solutions are based on generating turbulence between the combustion air and fuel. While turbulence introduces flow resistance, it is generally impossible to achieve the desired substantially pollutant-free combustion without turbulence.

[0003] To mix combustion air with fuel, disturbance elements are typically placed in the flow path to deflect the flow and induce vortices. In many cases, blade-shaped structures are used for this purpose.

[0004] It is also known that perturbation undulations are arranged on the surface along the flow path, which induce turbulence in the combustion air. For example, it is known to arrange so-called vortex generators on the walls of the flow channel, with the vortex generators protruding into the flow channel accordingly.

[0005] Regardless of the type of flow pattern and the design of the necessary apparatus for uniformly mixing combustion air and fuel, it is important to maintain the lowest possible flow resistance while still ensuring adequate mixing. Therefore, the objective of this invention is to achieve improved mixing with the lowest possible resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This task is accomplished by an embodiment of the burner component according to the teachings of claim 1. Claim 12 defines a burner having the corresponding burner component. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0007] This type of burner component is intended to be a component of the burner. The type of burner is initially irrelevant, but the burner component is advantageously used in the burner of a gas turbine. It is evident here that the burner is arranged on the upstream side of the combustion chamber. In this case, the burner has a flow channel in which combustion air flows in a flow direction from the upstream side to the downstream side. The flow direction of the combustion air defines the flow direction. The burner component is intentionally arranged within the flow channel of the burner, and therefore the flow direction, upstream side, and downstream side also apply here. Secondly, the transverse direction is defined as the direction intersecting the flow direction.

[0008] Regarding the arrangement of the burner components in the flow channel, the burner components have a leading edge on the upstream side and a downstream edge on the downstream side. The leading edge and the downstream edge refer to the respective ends of the burner components. The burner components also include component walls extending along the flow direction from the leading edge to the downstream edge. The component walls also extend laterally from a first wall end to an opposite second wall end. Due to this arrangement in the flow channel, combustion air flows along the component walls.

[0009] To improve fuel mixing within the combustion air, multiple vortex generators are arranged on the component wall and protrude into the flow channel. Here, the vortex generators (in the sense of this invention, regardless of the presence of other vortex generators elsewhere) are arranged near the leading edge and spaced apart from each other in the lateral direction. If each vortex generator is arranged at the same lateral position within 20% of the edge portion of the distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge, it is considered to be close to the leading edge.

[0010] Next, the eddy current generator has a group consisting of a main eddy current generator and an auxiliary eddy current generator. Here, the first main eddy current generator is arranged as one of the main eddy current generators on the side facing the end of the first wall. A second main eddy current generator is arranged adjacent to the first eddy current generator.

[0011] The burner assembly also includes multiple fuel nozzles. Here, each fuel nozzle (in the sense of this invention, regardless of the presence of other nozzles located elsewhere) is arranged downstream of a corresponding main vortex generator. This means there is always an arrangement of a main vortex generator near the leading edge and fuel nozzles located downstream of the corresponding main vortex generator.

[0012] In fact, arranging the fuel nozzle downstream of the vortex generator is advantageous in itself. It has been found that, even without any fuel nozzle, the additional vortex generator can further improve mixing. Here, the additional vortex generator is located between the end of the first wall and the first main vortex generator. If the size of the additional vortex generator is too large, the improvement brought by adding the additional vortex generator will turn into a disadvantage in fuel mixing with the combustion air. Therefore, the height of the additional vortex generator on the component wall needs to be less than the height of the adjacent first main vortex generator.

[0013] The vortex generator can be formed in different shapes, among which a triangular design is advantageous, having a front curve on the combustion wall at the upstream side and a rear curve intersecting the combustion wall at the downstream side. Thus, the height of the vortex generator increases from the upstream side to the downstream side.

[0014] This advantageously results in the top surface of the vortex generator extending from the front curve to the free end of the rear curve. Therefore, the height of the vortex generator is defined by the distance from the component wall to the free end of the rear curve. According to the triangular design, the vortex generator advantageously includes two additional opposing side surfaces, each extending from the rear curve to one of the two ends of the front curve.

[0015] Regarding the location of the vortex generators (main vortex generator and auxiliary vortex generator) near the leading edge, it is further advantageous to arrange them at the same position relative to the flow direction. Here, it is particularly advantageous if the trailing edge of each vortex generator is located at the same distance as the leading edge (assuming the distance is within + / - 10%).

[0016] Regarding the location of the vortex generators, it is also advantageous to arrange them close to or at the leading edge. For a given number of vortex generators of different sizes and their preferred arrangement where their back curves are in the same position in the flow direction, it is evident that, advantageously, the largest main vortex generator is arranged such that the distance from the leading edge to at least one leading curve is less than 10% of the distance from the leading edge to the corresponding back curve of the largest main vortex generator.

[0017] Depending on the dimensions of the burner components, and particularly based on the width in the transverse direction from the first wall end to the second wall end, it is advantageous to arrange at least three and at most six main vortex generators, each with a corresponding fuel nozzle arranged downstream of the respective main vortex generator. Here, using four or five main vortex generators is particularly advantageous. Thus, a third vortex generator is arranged adjacent to the second vortex generator on the side facing the second wall end, and a fourth vortex generator is arranged adjacent to the third vortex generator on the side facing the second wall end. If applicable, a fifth vortex generator is arranged adjacent to the fourth vortex generator on the side facing the second wall end.

[0018] If a third main eddy current generator is used, and in particular a fourth main eddy current generator is used, it is advantageous to further increase the size from the first main eddy current generator to the second main eddy current generator, so that the third main eddy current generator is larger than the second main eddy current generator, and the fourth main eddy current generator is larger than the third main eddy current generator.

[0019] Regarding the further specific location of the additional vortex generator without any fuel nozzles, it is advantageous to arrange it midway between the end of the first wall and the first main vortex generator. This location is considered given if it falls within a 15% tolerance of the distance from the end of the first wall to the first main vortex generator.

[0020] It must be pointed out that the position of the eddy current generator in the lateral direction should be considered in relation to the center or back curve of the eddy current generator.

[0021] Regarding the arrangement of the additional eddy current generator at half the distance from the end of the first wall to the first main eddy current generator, it is further advantageous to arrange the first main eddy current generator at half the distance from the end of the first wall to the second main eddy current generator. Here, if the first main eddy current generator is arranged in the middle between the end of the first wall and the second main eddy current generator with a tolerance of 15% of the distance from the end of the first wall to the second main eddy current generator, then this preferred position is also considered to be given.

[0022] As the effect of this arrangement of additional eddy current generators decreases at each more distant main eddy current generator, it is preferable to arrange the preferred third main eddy current generator at a distance from the second main eddy current generator that is at least 1.2 times and at most 1.5 times the distance between the second main eddy current generator and the first main eddy current generator.

[0023] Regarding the fuel nozzle, it is advantageous to arrange the fuel nozzle close to the corresponding main vortex generator. Therefore, the distance between the vortex generator and the corresponding fuel nozzle should be less than half the length of the vortex generator. Particularly preferred is that the distance from the corresponding main vortex generator to the center of the fuel nozzle is less than half the distance between the front and rear curves of the corresponding main vortex generator.

[0024] Combustion components intentionally arranged within the flow channel can be designed with different shapes (except for the component walls with vortex generators and fuel nozzles). However, it is advantageous to design the combustion components with a blade shape. This allows for guiding the flow of combustion air with low resistance.

[0025] The burner component of the present invention enables the burner of the present invention to have such a burner component as described above.

[0026] A preferred embodiment of the burner of the present invention has a central burner axis and an annular flow channel extending from the upstream side to the downstream side. The flow channel is limited radially inward by an inner flow channel wall and radially outward by an outer flow channel wall. Here, a plurality of burner components according to the foregoing description are arranged within the flow channel. A first wall end of the burner component is attached to the inner flow channel wall, and a second wall end of the burner component is attached to the outer flow channel wall.

[0027] Clearly, the burner component can be implemented as a separate part, such as a separate part installed between the inner and outer channel walls. Alternatively, the inner and outer channel walls of the burner can be integrally constructed with the burner component, for example, through additive manufacturing. Other manufacturing options also clearly allow for combining the burner component with the inner and outer channel walls. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The following figures illustrate examples of burner components of the present invention and their use in burners.

[0029] Figure 1 A portion of an exemplary burner with burner components is depicted;

[0030] Figure 2 and Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of the burner component of the present invention is shown in perspective view;

[0031] Figure 4 The vortex generator and fuel nozzle are described in detail. Detailed Implementation

[0032] exist Figure 1 The image depicts a portion of a burner 01. This embodiment of the burner 01 of the present invention includes a main burner 03 surrounding an annular ignition burner 06. The main burner 03 has an annular flow channel 02 defined by an inner channel wall 04 and an outer channel wall 05. A plurality of burner components 11 of the present invention are circumferentially distributed within the flow channel 02.

[0033] As in Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, the burner component 11 is blade-shaped, wherein the component wall 14 extends from the front edge 12 of the burner component to the rear edge 13 of the burner component. The component wall is also defined by a first side end 15 and by an opposite second side end 16. The direction from the upstream front edge to the downstream rear edge 13 defines the flow direction. The transverse direction intersecting the flow direction is defined from the first side end 15 to the second side end 16.

[0034] As shown in the figure, multiple vortex generators 17 and 18 are arranged near the leading edge 12. Here, there are four main vortex generators 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d. Their size and height increase from the first main vortex generator 17a located on the side facing the first wall end 15 to the second main vortex generator 17b and then to the third main vortex generator 17c. The fourth main vortex generator 17d has a smaller size, opposite to the change from the first main vortex generator 17a to the third main vortex generator 17c. In this embodiment, the downstream ends of the vortex generators 17 and 18 are arranged at the same position in the flow direction. As a result, the upstream end of the third main vortex generator 17c, which is the largest main vortex generator, is arranged very close to the leading edge 12, thereby increasing the distance from the leading edge 12 relative to the first main vortex generator 17a (and also the fourth main vortex generator 17d with a smaller size).

[0035] The main vortex generators 17 are classified by the fact that corresponding fuel nozzles 19a to 19d are arranged downstream of each main vortex generator 17a to 17d. It can be seen that the distance from the fuel nozzle 19 to the corresponding main vortex generator 17 is much smaller than the size of the vortex generator 17.

[0036] Improved mixing is achieved by an additional vortex generator 18 disposed between the first main vortex generator 17a and the first wall end 15. No fuel nozzle is disposed at the additional vortex generator 18 relative to the main vortex generator 17. Furthermore, the size of the additional vortex generator 18 is reduced compared to the first main vortex generator 17a.

[0037] exist Figure 4 The image depicts a detailed view of the main vortex generator 17 arranged on the component wall 14. As can be seen, the main vortex generator 17 has a triangular shape, which has a front curve 22 that serves as a transition from the top surface 24 of the main vortex generator 17 to the component wall 14, and a rear curve 23 that intersects the component wall and extends, thus defining the height of the main vortex generator 17. This creates two opposite sidewalls 25 extending from the rear curve 23 to one of the two opposite ends of the front curve 22. A fuel nozzle 19 is arranged downstream of the main vortex generator 17.

Claims

1. A burner component (11) for use in a burner (01), the burner component (11) being intentionally arranged within a flow channel (02) having a flow direction, the burner component (11) having a front edge (12) on an upstream side and a rear edge (13) on a downstream side, the burner component (11) having a component wall (14) extending from the front edge (12) to the rear edge (13) and extending from a first wall end (15) in a transverse direction intersecting the flow direction to an opposite second wall end (16); the burner component (11) comprising: - A vortex generator, the vortex generators being arranged near the front edge (12) on the component wall (14), spaced apart from each other in the lateral direction, and protruding into the flow channel (02), the vortex generator comprising a first main vortex generator (17a) located on the side facing the end (15) of the first wall and a second main vortex generator (17b) adjacent to the first main vortex generator (17a), and an additional vortex generator (18); and - Fuel nozzles (19), each of which is arranged downstream of a corresponding main vortex generator (17), Its features are, The additional vortex generator (18) is located between the first main vortex generator (17a) and the first wall end (15), and its height on the component wall (14) is less than the height of the first main vortex generator (17a) and it does not have a corresponding fuel nozzle.

2. The burner component (11) according to claim 1, wherein, The eddy current generator has a triangular design with a front curve (22) on the component wall (14) on the upstream side and a rear curve (23) intersecting the component wall (14) on the downstream side.

3. The burner component (11) according to claim 2, wherein, The eddy current generator has a top surface (24) extending from the free end of the front curve (22) to the rear curve (23) and two side surfaces (25) each extending from one end of the front curve (22) to the rear curve (23).

4. The burner component (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The vortex generator is positioned at the same location relative to the flow direction.

5. The burner component (11) according to claim 4, wherein, The eddy current generator is positioned close to the front edge (12).

6. The burner component (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, comprising at least three and at most six main vortex generators (17), each of the main vortex generators (17) having a corresponding fuel nozzle (19) arranged downstream.

7. The burner component (11) according to claim 6, comprising four or five main vortex generators (17).

8. The burner component (11) according to claim 6, wherein, The second main eddy current generator (17b) is larger than the first main eddy current generator (17a), and the third main eddy current generator (17c) adjacent to the second main eddy current generator (17b) is larger than the second main eddy current generator (17b).

9. The burner component (11) according to claim 8, wherein, The additional eddy current generator (18) is arranged in the middle between the first wall end (15) and the first main eddy current generator (17a) with a tolerance of 15%, and wherein the first main eddy current generator (17a) is arranged in the middle between the first wall end (15) and the second main eddy current generator (17b) with a tolerance of 15%.

10. The burner component (11) according to claim 9, wherein, The distance between the third main eddy current generator (17c) and the second main eddy current generator (17b) is at least 1.2 times and at most 1.5 times the distance between the second main eddy current generator (17b) and the first main eddy current generator (17a).

11. The burner component (11) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, The distance from the back curve (23) to the corresponding fuel nozzle (19) is less than half the length of the corresponding main vortex generator (17) in the flow direction.

12. The burner component (11) according to claim 11, wherein, The distance from the rear curve (23) to the corresponding fuel nozzle (19) is less than half the distance from the front curve (22) to the corresponding rear curve (23).

13. The burner component (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, 8-9, wherein the burner component (11) has a blade shape.

14. The burner component (11) according to claim 1, wherein, The burner component (11) is used in a burner for a gas turbine.

15. A burner (01) having at least one burner component (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The burner (01) according to claim 15, wherein the burner (01) has a central burner axis and an annular flow channel (02) and includes an inner flow channel wall (04) and an outer flow channel wall (05), wherein, Multiple burner components (11) are arranged in the flow channel (02), wherein the first wall end (15) is attached to the inner flow channel wall (04) and the second wall end (16) is attached to the outer flow channel wall (05).

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