A plant-derived insecticidal composition for preventing and treating peach aphids

Abstract

The application discloses a plant source insecticidal composition for preventing and treating peach aphids, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides. The plant source insecticidal composition provided by the application is composed of d-limonene and pentadecenyl phenol acid. The mass ratio of d-limonene to pentadecenyl phenol acid is 1:9-5:5. The d-limonene and the pentadecenyl phenol acid are compounded and used for preventing and treating peach aphids, and show a synergistic effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pesticide technology, specifically relating to a plant-derived insecticidal composition for controlling peach aphids on peach trees. Background Technology

[0002] The peach aphid, also known as the peach red aphid or tobacco aphid, is widely distributed and occurs throughout China. It primarily damages peach trees, but also apricot, plum, apricot, cherry, pear, citrus, and many other fruit trees, as well as various cruciferous plants. The peach aphid is one of the major pests of peach trees and also transmits various viruses. Adults and nymphs congregate on new shoots and the undersides of leaves, causing damaged leaves to wrinkle and curl, severely affecting new shoot growth. The honeydew-like slime excreted by the aphid later breeds fungi, leading to mold and mildew, which negatively impacts the appearance and quality of the fruit.

[0003] In agricultural production, the control of peach aphids mainly relies on chemical pesticides. While controlling peach aphids, chemical pesticides kill their natural enemies, disrupt the ecological balance, severely weaken the natural control capacity in the field, and easily lead to aphid resurgence. The extensive use of chemical pesticides has also led to pesticide resistance in peach aphids, making them difficult to control. With increasing awareness of health, food safety, and environmental protection, pesticide development is shifting towards high efficiency, safety, and low residue. People are beginning to seek highly active substances from natural products to replace traditional chemical pesticides. Proper mixing can not only improve pesticide efficacy and reduce dosage but also effectively delay the development of pesticide resistance in pests and diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop highly efficient, safe, and low-residue natural product active substances and their compound compositions for controlling peach aphids.

[0004] d-Limonene is a monocyclic monoterpene that is abundant in citrus fruits such as oranges, kumquats, lemons, and grapefruits. It has been reported for use in the control of pests and diseases such as whiteflies, spider mites, anthracnose, and powdery mildew.

[0005] Pentadecenephenolic acid (PCA) is an active substance obtained from Ginkgo biloba fruit extract. It possesses insecticidal activity by inhibiting tyrosinase activity in the insect epidermis, thus affecting the tanning of proteins and interfering with the hardening and darkening of the insect epidermis. It also interferes with insect metabolism and development by inhibiting the activity of peroxidase and catalase, leading to insect mortality. Its mode of action is contact and stomach poison, effectively controlling aphid infestations.

[0006] There are currently no reports on the use of a combination of d-limonene and pentadecenoic acid for the control of peach aphids on peach trees. Therefore, developing an agricultural composition with d-limonene and pentadecenoic acid as active ingredients is of great significance as it can improve efficacy and reduce pesticide usage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the defects or deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant-derived insecticidal composition for controlling peach aphids on peach trees.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0009] A plant-derived insecticidal composition for controlling peach aphids on peach trees, wherein the active ingredient of the insecticidal composition is composed of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid, and the mass ratio of d-limonene to pentadecenephenolic acid is 1:9 to 5:5.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass ratio of d-limonene to pentadecenephenolic acid is 3:7.

[0011] The plant-derived insecticidal composition of the present invention can be formulated into a soluble concentrate.

[0012] The soluble agent comprises an active ingredient, a solvent, and a surfactant, wherein the active ingredient accounts for 5% to 30% of the total mass of the composition, the surfactant accounts for 5% to 15% of the total mass of the composition, and the remainder is a solvent.

[0013] The surfactant is one or a combination of several of the following: castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl sulfate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether, styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether.

[0014] The solvent is selected from one or more of the following: cyclohexanone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-octylpyrrolidone, N-laurylpyrrolidone, α-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, isobutanol, soybean oil, etc.

[0015] The plant-derived insecticidal composition of the present invention is used for the control of peach aphids on peach trees.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] The plant-derived insecticidal composition of the present invention, wherein d-limonene and pentadecenoic acid, in a specific ratio, exhibit a significant synergistic effect against peach aphids. This plant-derived insecticidal composition demonstrates superior control efficacy against peach aphids compared to using d-limonene and pentadecenoic acid alone, while reducing pesticide dosage and costs. Furthermore, both d-limonene and pentadecenoic acid are plant-derived pesticides, readily degradable, and leave low residues, making them safer for agricultural products and more environmentally friendly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods and detection methods described in each embodiment are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials can be purchased commercially.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] Indoor toxicity test of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid

[0021] Test insects: Adult peach aphids were collected from peach trees in Taoyuan, Liquan County, Shaanxi Province, and reared indoors for 1-2 generations. Wingless adult peach aphids were selected for indoor toxicity testing.

[0022] Test reagents:

[0023] 93% d-limonene technical grade (CAS: 5989-27-5): Qingdao Rishengyuan Crop Nutrition Co., Ltd.

[0024] 98% Pentadecanedioic acid standard (CAS: 22910-60-7): Chengdu Desite Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0025] The test reagent d-limonene was dissolved in acetone, and pentadecenephenolic acid was dissolved in methanol. Then, they were diluted with 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution to prepare single-agent stock solutions and stock solutions of each proportioned mixture. Five mass concentration gradients were set up for both the single agent and the proportioned mixture according to the same ratio method for later use.

[0026] Experimental Method: Leaf spraying was used. Wingless adult peach aphids of uniform size were picked up with a soft brush and transferred to peach tree leaves, 30 aphids per leaf. The test pesticide solution was sprayed onto the infested leaves using a small sprayer until the entire leaf was wet. Each treatment was repeated three times. A water control was also included. The treated leaves were dried with absorbent paper and placed in 9cm petri dishes in a light-controlled incubator with humidity. The incubation conditions were (25±1)℃, relative humidity 70%-80%, and 16 hours of sunlight. Mortality was checked after 24 hours; the reaction of the aphids when touched with the tip of a brush was considered the criterion for death.

[0027] Data Analysis: Regression analysis was performed based on the logarithmic values ​​of each drug concentration and the corresponding mortality probability values ​​to calculate the LC of each drug. 50 The interactions of the mixtures were evaluated using the Wadley method, where SR = 0.5-1.5 indicates an additive effect between the two drugs; SR ≤ 0.5 indicates an antagonistic effect; and SR ≥ 1.5 indicates a synergistic effect. The experimental results for the mixture of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid are shown in Table 1.

[0028] LC 50 (Theoretical value) = (a+b) / (a / LC) 50 a+b / LC 50 b);

[0029] SR = LC 50 (Theoretical value) / LC 50 (Actual value);

[0030] Where SR is the synergistic coefficient, and a and b are the percentage contents of each component in the mixture.

[0031] Table 1. Results of indoor activity assays of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid combination against peach aphids.

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, the synergistic effect of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid on peach aphids in the mass ratio range of 1:9-5:5 is greater than 1.5, showing a synergistic effect. In particular, when the mass ratio is 3:7, the synergistic effect reaches 5.20, and the synergistic effect is particularly significant.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Preparations made from d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid

[0037] Example 1

[0038] 30% d-limonene·pentadecaned phenolic acid soluble concentrate

[0039] The following contents are all weight percentages: d-limonene 3%, pentadecenephenolic acid 27%, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 12%, cyclohexanone 6%, and soybean oil to make up to 100%. Mix the above materials in the specified proportions and stir until homogeneous to obtain a 30% d-limonene·pentadecanedenephenolic acid soluble concentrate.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] 20% d-limonene·pentadecaned phenolic acid soluble solution

[0042] The following contents are all weight percentages: d-limonene 6%, pentadecenephenolic acid 14%, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether 7%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 3%, N-octylpyrrolidone 5%, and soybean oil to make up to 100%. Mix the above materials in the specified proportions and stir until homogeneous to obtain a 20% d-limonene·pentadecanedenephenolic acid soluble concentrate.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] 10% d-limonene·pentadecaned phenolic acid soluble solution

[0045] The following contents are all weight percentages: d-limonene 5%, pentadecenephenolic acid 5%, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether 6%, cyclohexanone 4%, and soybean oil to make up to 100%. Mix the above materials in the specified proportions and stir until homogeneous to obtain a 10% d-limonene·pentadecanedenephenolic acid soluble concentrate.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Field efficacy trial for controlling peach aphids on peach trees

[0048] The experiment was arranged according to the "Guidelines for Agricultural Field Efficacy Trials (I)": Insecticide Control of Aphids on Fruits and Vegetables (GB / T 17980.9-2000).

[0049] Target pests: Peach aphids

[0050] Test location: Liquan County, Shaanxi Province

[0051] Experimental method: The experiment was conducted in a peach orchard where peach aphid infestation was severe. The plot area was 20m². 2 Each treatment was repeated four times, with a blank control included. The plots for the experimental agent, control agent, and blank control were randomly arranged. Application was by spraying. One spray was applied at the initial peak of peach aphid infestation. The initial aphid population was assessed before application, and the control effect was assessed 3 and 7 days after application. The number of remaining live aphids was recorded, and the control effect was calculated. The efficacy results of the combination of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid are shown in Table 2.

[0052] Table 2. Field efficacy results of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid combination against peach aphids on peach trees.

[0053]

[0054] Table 2 shows that, 3 and 7 days after application, the control efficacy of Examples 1, 2, and 3 against peach aphids was significantly better than that of single-agent 18% d-limonene soluble concentrate, 20% pentadecenephenolic acid soluble concentrate, and the registered control agent 70% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules. In particular, Example 2 showed a control efficacy of 92.8% after 7 days, indicating that the composition of this invention has a synergistic effect, consistent with the results of combined toxicity studies in the laboratory. The plant-derived insecticidal composition of this invention has good control efficacy against peach aphids, reduces the amount of pesticide used, and lowers costs. Field observations showed that all treatments were safe for peach trees.

[0055] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-derived insecticidal composition for controlling peach aphids on peach trees, characterized in that, The active ingredients consist of d-limonene and pentadecenephenolic acid, with a mass ratio of d-limonene to pentadecenephenolic acid of 1:9 to 5:

5.

2. The plant-derived insecticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of d-limonene to pentadecenephenol is 3:

7.

3. The plant-derived insecticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition is prepared as a soluble solvent.

4. The plant-derived insecticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The composition comprises an active ingredient, a solvent, and a surfactant. The active ingredient accounts for 5-30% of the total mass of the composition, the surfactant accounts for 5%-15% of the total mass of the composition, and the remainder is a solvent.

5. The use of the plant-derived insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in controlling peach aphids on peach trees.

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